body

[over my dead body](bold) at → [dead](->dead) 1 sense 11

the shape, size, and appearance of someone’s body

Many women are not happy with their bodies.

a woman’s figure is the shape of her body – used especially when it is attractive

the size and shape of someone’s body – used in the following phrases

Police described the man as tall and of medium build.

the size and appearance of someone’s body – used especially about men who look attractive

He was over 1.8 m tall with a muscular physique.

Her body was discovered at the bottom of a cliff.

Firefighters found the body of a woman in the house.

the dead body of a person. [Corpse](bold) is is used when you are thinking about the body as an object rather than a person

The carcasses of the infected animals were burned.

parts of a dead person or animal, especially when they died a long time ago

Police found human remains under the floorboards of the house.

There are billions of cells in an adult human body.

Slowly raise your upper body into a sitting position.

You have exactly the right body weight for your height.

Exercise will raise your body temperature.

Replace your body fluids by drinking lots of water.

(=the movements and expressions that show what you feel)

Nervousness is usually clearly expressed in body language.

People tend to have their own body image fixed in their minds.

the physical structure of a person or animal

My fingers were numb and my whole body ached.

Your body temperature is higher in the daytime than at night.

For their body size, these birds lay very small eggs.

相对于这些鸟的体形来说，它们下的蛋非常小。

He needs to overcome a negative [body image](bold)(=what you think about your own body).

他需要克服对自己身体的负面印象。

A dog found the body of a girl in the woods.

一条狗在树林里发现了一具女孩的尸体。

a group of people who work together to do a particular job or who are together for a particular purpose

→see THESAURUS at [organization](->organization)

The British Medical Association is the doctors’ professional body.

英国医学会是医生的专业团体。

There were reports of a large body of armed men near the border.

有报道称边境附近有大批武装人员。

Kaplan served on the [governing body](bold) of the museum (=the group who control the museum).

卡普兰在博物馆的主管部门供职。

The [student body](bold)(=all the students in a school or college) numbers 5,000.

学生总数为5,000人。

The research will be used by government departments and other [public bodies](bold)(=groups whose work is connected to the government).

这项研究将用于政府部门以及其他公共机构。

[in a body](bold)(=as a group, together)

The women moved towards the building in a body.

这群妇女一起朝着大楼走去。

a large amount or mass of something, especially something that has been collected

[body of knowledge/evidence/opinion etc](bold)

There is now a considerable body of knowledge of the different stages of childhood.

现在对儿童成长的不同阶段有了相当多的了解。

There is a growing body of evidence that charges are too high.

有越来越多的证据表明收费太高。

the main, central, or most important part of something

The arguments are explained in the body of the text.

这些论点在正文里有解释。

Leave three blank lines between the date and the body of the letter.

信的日期和正文之间空三行。

The city was built near a large body of water.

这个城市建在一大片水域的旁边。

the central part of a person or animal’s body, not including the head, arms, legs, or wings

〔人或动物的〕躯干，躯体

尼克脸上和身上都有瘀伤。

The bird has a small body and long wings.

the main structure of a vehicle not including the engine, wheels etc

Workers at the factory are making steel bodies for cars.

工厂里的工人正在打造钢铁车身。

an object that is separate from other objects

Keep the caps on the bottles to prevent [foreign bodies](bold) entering them (=objects that should not be there).

瓶子要盖好，以免异物进入。

[heavenly body](bold) at → [heavenly](->heavenly) sense 3

if your hair has body, it is thick and healthy

This shampoo will give more body to your hair.

这种洗发剂会使你的头发更加浓密。

if food or an alcoholic drink has body, it has a strong flavourtaste

〔食物或酒的〕浓香，香醇

A small amount of tomato paste will give extra colour and body to the sauce.

加少许番茄酱可以增加调味汁的色泽，并让它的味道格外浓郁。

to continue to exist with only just enough food, money etc

He’s working at the shop to keep body and soul together.

他在这家商店里工作以维持生计。

She threw herself body and soul into her work.

They think they own the employees, body and soul.

他们认为雇员从头到脚都是他们的财产。

the wide part of a musical instrument such as a violin or guitar, or of a sports racketbat

〔小提琴、吉他等乐器的〕琴体，器身；〔球拍的〕拍身

The guitar is 16 inches wide across the body.

这把吉他的琴身宽16英寸。

a type of tight-fitting shirt worn by women that fastens between their legs

女式紧身衣，女式连身内衣


bodyguard

someone whose job is to protect an important person

〔重要人物的〕贴身卫士，保镖，警卫员

The senator arrived, surrounded by personal bodyguards.

这位参议员在私人保镖的簇拥下抵达。

a group of people who work together to protect an important person


body language

changes in your body position and movements that show what you are feeling or thinking

It was obvious from Luke’s body language that he was nervous.

从卢克的肢体语言明显看出他很紧张。


boil

→ [boiling point](->boiling point) sense 2 [make sb’s blood boil](bold) at → [blood](->blood) 1 sense 4

[Boil](bold)  belongs to a group of verbs where the same noun can be the subject of the verb or its object.

You can say: I’m boiling the potatoes.  In this sentence, ‘the potatoes’ is the object of [boil](bold) .

You can also say: The potatoes are boiling.  In this sentence, ‘the potatoes’ is the subject of [boil](bold) .

when a liquid boils, or when you boil it, it becomes hot enough to turn into gas

溶液在57.4摄氏度时沸腾。

Put the spaghetti into plenty of boiling salted water.

把意大利面放入大量煮沸的盐水中。

We were advised to boil the water before drinking it.

有人建议我们把这水烧开后再喝。

She fried the chicken and [put](bold) the vegetables [on to boil](bold).

她把鸡肉炸了炸，再把蔬菜放进去煮。

if something containing liquid boils, the liquid inside it is boiling

〔容器里的液体〕沸腾，烧开

The kettle’s boiling – shall I turn it off?

水壶里的水开了——我把它关掉好吗？

The saucepan [boiled dry](bold) on the stove.

我总是用开水洗棉质床单。

if you are boiling with anger, you are extremely angry


boil

Add the seasoning and [bring](bold) the sauce [to the boil](bold).

加入调味料，把酱汁煮开。

She waited for the water to [come to the boil](bold)(=begin to boil).

a painful infected swelling under someone’s skin

to become less good at something that you are usually very good at

He’s gone off the boil after a tournament win in Dubai.

他在迪拜锦标赛中夺冠后就开始走下坡路了。


boiler

a container for boiling water that is part of a steam engine, or is used to provide heating in a house

〔蒸汽机内或室内供暖的〕锅炉


boiling

很热的[地]，滚烫的[地]

Can I open a window? It’s boiling in here.

我开扇窗好吗？这里热死人了。

那是一个奇热无比的早晨。


bold

The newspapers described her resignation as a bold move.

The following year he made a bold step to expand his business.

It was a bold attempt to win back public confidence.

In a surprisingly bold statement, the couple said they had no intention of marrying.

Deciding to emigrate is a bold decision for anyone to make.

Investors have become used to the company’s bold initiatives.

Making a film from the book was a bold experiment, and it worked.

not afraid of taking risks and making difficult decisions

果敢的，敢于冒险的，大胆的

In a surprisingly [bold move](bold), he is threatening court action against the company.

他出人意料地做出一个大胆举动，威胁要起诉这家公司。

My aunt Flo was a bold determined woman.

我姑妈芙洛是一个大胆果断的人。

He had the ability to take bold imaginative decisions.

他能够作出富有创见的大胆决定。

so confident or determined that you sometimes offend people

You should be feeling confident and bold when you meet your bank manager.

你会见银行经理的时候要大胆自信。

She marched into his office [as bold as brass](bold)(=very confident and not showing enough respect).

她放肆地直闯他的办公室。

very strong or bright so that you notice them

醒目的，显眼的，轮廓清晰的

Stripes are bold, bright, and fun to wear.

条纹衫鲜艳醒目，穿起来很好玩。

an envelope addressed to her in a bold black hand

用粗黑字迹写明她为收信人的信封

图表很醒目，色彩很丰富。

The print should be bold and easy to read.

字应该印得粗大醒目，容易看清。

printed in letters that are darker and thicker than ordinary printed letters

to do something that other people feel is rude or not acceptable

无礼地（做某事）；好意思（做某事）

I see you have been so bold as to ask for food at this hour.

我看这个时候你还好意思来要东西吃。

used when asking someone a question, to show that you are slightly annoyed with them

恕我冒昧地问〔表示对某人略有不悦〕

Tell me, if I may be so bold as to ask, precisely what you are talking about.

请恕我冒昧地问一句，你到底在说什么？


bolster

also: [bolster up](bold)  [v](bold) <[T](bold)>

to help someone to feel better and more positive

He is making a bold attempt to bolster the territory’s confidence.

他正在采取大胆行动以提振辖区信心。

他为发展事业所付出的努力


bolster

a long firm pillow, usually shaped like a tube


bolt

[have shot your bolt](bold) at → [shoot](->shoot) 1 sense 24 [the nuts and bolts of sth](bold) at → [nut](->nut) 1 sense 6

a metal bar that you slide across a door or window to fasten it

〔门、窗的〕金属插销，闩

a screw with a flat head and no point, for fastening things together

突如其来的消息；晴天霹雳

Was this money a bolt from the blue or did you know you were going to get it?

这是一笔意外之财呢，还是你本来就知道会有的？

lightning that appears as a white line in the sky

There’s not much left of his house after it was [struck by](bold) a [bolt of lightning](bold).

他的房子遭雷击之后差不多全毁了。

to suddenly try to escape from somewhere

They attacked the driver and he straightaway made a bolt for it.

他们袭击司机，司机拔腿便逃。

a short heavy arrow that is fired from a crossbow


bolt

to suddenly run somewhere very quickly, especially in order to escape or because you are frightened

Kevin had bolted through the open window.

凯文从开着的窗子窜了出去。

to fasten two things together using a bolt

The cell contained an iron bedframe bolted to the floor.

牢房里有一张用螺栓固定在地板上的铁床架。

The boxes were made of heavy panels of metal bolted together.

这些箱子是用厚重的金属板经螺栓固定而成的。

to lock a door or window by sliding a bolt across


bolt

to sit or stand with your back very straight, often because something has frightened you

〔常因受到惊吓〕挺直地坐着/站着


bomb

The bomb exploded on a bus in Jerusalem during the city’s morning rush hour.

Fifty-five people were injured in a car bomb attack in Baghdad.

Morrow was convicted in 1998 of sending four letter bombsa small bomb hidden in a package and sent to someone in order to hurt or kill them to government officials.

People were worried that terrorists would try to detonate a dirty bomb  a bomb that contains nuclear materials in the city centre.

bombs or substances that can cause explosions

They used explosives to blow the door off the front of the building.

The car was packed with 1,000 lbs of high explosives powerful explosives.

a bomb – used especially in news reports

Police found the device hidden in a suitcase.

A bomb threat was received and the building was evacuated, but no device was found.

a bomb that has been made using whatever materials are available, especially one used to blow up soldiers travelling through a place. [IED ](bold) is short for ‘improvised explosive device’

Several soldiers were killed when an IED exploded as their convoy drove by.

a type of bomb that is hidden just below the ground or under water, and that explodes when it is touched

a small bomb that can be thrown by hand or fired from a special gun

He pulled the pin and threw a grenade toward the enemy’s position.

Forty people were injured when the bomb exploded.

A 200 pound bomb went off in the car park.

The area was cleared and the police safely detonated the bomb.

Government forces began dropping bombs on rebel positions.

A bomb fell on the cathedral during the war.

It is thought that right-wing extremists planted the bomb.

The North Koreans were developing a nuclear bomb.

Oppenheimer was the father of the atomic bomb.

(=that kills people but does not damage buildings much)

A second letter bomb was found among the unopened mail.

(=that is set to explode at a particular time)

The terrorists’ time bomb was planned to cause the maximum carnage.

A petrol bomb was hurled at police as they chased the car.

(=that sends out smaller bombs when it explodes)

The aircraft was blown apart by a terrorist bomb.

(=the person carrying the bomb dies when it explodes)

Each time there is a suicide bomb it is a new blow to peace.

Officers discovered several homemade bombs in the trunk of his car.

The restaurant was destroyed in a massive bomb blast.

No one has yet claimed responsibility for the bomb attack.

(=when someone leaves a message saying there is a bomb somewhere)

He delayed his flight home because of a bomb threat.

(=when people think there might be a bomb somewhere)

The building was evacuated after a bomb scare.

(=the job of dealing with bombs that have not exploded)

Police found guns and bomb-making equipment in the house.

a weapon made of material that will explode

The bomb went off at 9.30 in the morning.

炸弹在早上9点30分爆炸。

Enemy planes dropped over 200 bombs during the raid.

袭击中敌机投下了两百多枚炸弹。

他在一次炸弹爆炸中身亡。

→ [smoke bomb](->smoke bomb) → [stink bomb](->stink bomb)

a play, film, event etc that is not successful

失败的电影[戏剧]；失败的事件

This is just another one of Hollywood’s bland and boring bombs.

这不过是好莱坞的又一部枯燥乏味的烂片。

“吹牛老爹”那张新的激光唱片非常棒。

used to describe nuclear weapons, and especially the hydrogen bomb

核弹，核武器〔尤指氢弹〕

Voices of dissent began to rise against the bomb.

反对核武器的声音开始响起。

to get a lot of money by doing something

to say a very rude word beginning with C or F


bomb

to attack a place by leaving a bomb there, or by dropping bombs on it from a plane

轰炸，向 …投炸弹，炸毁

The town was heavily bombed in World War II.

这座城镇在第二次世界大战中遭到猛烈轰炸。

Government aircraft have been bombing civilian areas.

政府军飞机一直在轰炸平民区。

→ [carpet-bomb](->carpet-bomb) → [dive-bomb](->dive-bomb)

Suddenly a police car came bombing down the high street.

突然一辆警车在大街上疾驶而过。

if a play, film, event etc bombs, it is not successful

〔戏剧、电影等〕演砸；〔事情等〕搞砸

他的新剧在百老汇演砸了。


bombard

to attack a place for a long time using large weapons, bombs etc

I had been in action, bombarding the Normandy coast.

我参加过轰炸诺曼底海岸的行动。

to do something too often or too much, for example criticizing or questioning someone, or giving too much information

轰炸般对待〔如大肆批评、连珠炮似的提问、大量提供信息〕

The office was bombarded by telephone calls.

他们连珠炮似的向他提问。

Today we are bombarded with advice on what to eat and what to avoid.

今天我们不断地听到什么该吃、什么不该吃这一类的忠告。


bomber

someone who hides a bomb somewhere in order to destroy something


bombing

The southwest of the country suffered an intensive [bombing campaign](bold).

该国西南部地区遭受了密集的轰炸。

They were planning [bombing raids](bold) in some of America’s major cities.

他们计划在美国的一些大城市进行炸弹袭击。

a terrorist network responsible for a [wave of bombings](bold) in Paris

在巴黎策划了一连串炸弹袭击事件的恐怖分子网络


bond

A strong bond had developed between them.

They shared a common bond – a love of literature.

There was a special bond between him and his mother.

As soon as we met we felt an emotional bond.

Frequently horses form a strong bond with their riders.

The people of the island feel a strong bond with each other.

Sharing experiences strengthens bonds with friends.

He didn’t want to do anything to break the bond between them.

(=a bond of friendship developed between them)

Over six months of working together, a close bond developed.

an official document promising that a government or company will pay back money that it has borrowed, often with interest

My father put all his money into stock market bonds.

see also → [junk bond](->junk bond) → [premium bond](->premium bond) → [savings bond](->savings bond)

something that unites two or more people or groups, such as love, or a shared interest or idea

〔两个或多个人或团体之间的〕纽带，联系，契合，关系

the emotional bond between mother and child

母亲和孩子之间的感情纽带

the United States’ special bond with Britain

美国和英国之间的特殊关系

something that limits your freedom and prevents you from doing what you want

the way in which two surfaces become attached to each other using glue

Use a glue gun to form a strong bond on wood or china.

用胶枪使木头或瓷器牢固地黏合起来。

the chemical force that holds atoms together in a molecule

In each methane molecule there are four CH bonds.

每个甲烷分子中有四个碳氢键。

a written agreement to do something, that makes you legally responsible for doing it

used to say that you will definitely do what you have promised

我的诺言就是契约，我言出必行

〔进口货物〕存入/运出保税仓库


bond

if two things bond with each other, they become firmly fixed together, especially after they have been joined with glue

It takes less than ten minutes for the two surfaces to bond.

用不了十分钟两个表面就会黏合起来。

to develop a special relationship with someone

Time must be given for the mother to bond with her baby.

母婴之间必须通过时间来培养亲情。


bone

[dry as a bone](bold) at → [dry](->dry) 1 sense 1 [work your fingers to the bone](bold) at → [work](->work) 1 sense 29

The doctor thought that I had a broken bone in my wrist.

He was so thin that his hip bones were sticking out.

They dug up a lot of human bones from under the castle.

(=to break a bone so that a line appears on the surface)

Sally fell, fracturing a bone in her leg.

(=the shape of your face, formed by the bones in it)

She had beautiful eyes and fine bone structure.

one of the hard parts that together form the frame of a human, animal, or fish body

The X-ray showed that the bone was broken in two places.

X光检查显示有两处骨折。

[hip/leg/cheek etc bone](bold)(=the bone in your hip etc)

[big-boned/fine-boned/small-boned etc](bold)(=with big etc bones)

Amelia had inherited her mother’s good [bone structure](bold).

阿梅莉亚遗传了母亲的优美骨架。

the simplest and most important details of something

I can’t tell you more than the bare bones of what happened.

我只能把发生的事情说个大概给你听。

to not feel nervous or ashamed about doing or saying something

对（做）某事毫无顾忌[毫不犹豫]

Mary made no bones about enjoying a drink.

玛丽大大方方地喝了一杯。

something that causes arguments between people

The examination system has long been a serious bone of contention in this country.

考试制度长期以来都是这个国家争议很大的话题。

to be certain that something is true, even though you have no proof and cannot explain why you are certain

从内心里感受到某事，凭直觉确信某事为真

She knew that something good was sure to happen; she could feel it in her bones.

她觉得肯定有好事要发生了，她有这样的预感。

used to tell someone that you are annoyed with them and want to talk about it

a remark, statement etc that is close to the bone is close to the truth in a way that may offend someone

〔言论等〕过于直率的，露骨的

to reduce costs, services etc as much as possible

把〔成本、服务等〕削减到最低程度

Shops cut prices to the bone in the January sales.

1月份大减价的时候，各个商店都把价格降到了最低。

meat that is served on the bone is still joined to the bone

meat that is served off the bone has been cut away from the bone


bone

剔掉 …的骨头，去掉 …的骨


bonus

money added to someone’s wages, especially as a reward for good work

Long-term savers qualify for a cash bonus.

Further additions to your pay may take the form of bonus payments.

工资以外的钱可能以奖金的形式发放。

每个员工都有一笔年度奖金。

something good that you did not expect in a situation

Britain’s possession of North Sea oil has proved a bonus for British technology.

英国坐拥的北海油田还助其发展了技术。

He promised to take me to the match, with the [added bonus](bold) of an afternoon off school.

他答应带我去看比赛，还可以请假一个下午不用上学。

a reduction in the cost of your car insurance when you do not make a claim in a particular year

零出险优惠，无索赔赠金〔因一年没有索赔而可以享受的汽车保险费减免〕


book

→ [statute book](->statute book) [take a leaf out of sb’s book](bold) at → [leaf](->leaf) 1 sense 2 [read sb like a book](bold) at → [read](->read) 1 sense 16 [suit sb’s book](bold) at → [suit](->suit) 2 sense 5 [a turn-up for the book](bold) at → [turn-up](->turn-up) sense 2 [throw the book at sb](bold) at → [throw](->throw) 1 sense 26

You read something [in a book](bold) : I read about him in a book at school.

You say [a book about](bold)  a subject or [a book on](bold)  a subject: I like books about sport.
Don’t say: [I like books of sport.](strike)

[A book of](bold)  essays, poems etc is one that contains several essays, poems etc: It’s a book of interviews with artists.

You say [a book by](bold)  someone: I’m reading a book by John Gray.
Don’t say: [I’m reading a book of John Gray.](strike)

a book about imaginary people and events

The film is based on Nick Hornby’s best-selling novel.

books that describe imaginary people and events

novels and plays that are considered to be important works of art

I’m studying American literature at university.

books that describe real people and events

books about imaginary events in the future or space travel

a book such as a dictionary or encyclopedia, which you look at to find information

a book about a particular subject that you use in a classroom

a book that you have to study as part of your course

a book telling visitors about a city or country

a book for children with many pictures in it

a book about a real person’s life, written by another person

a book that someone has written about their own life

a book that tells you how to cook different meals

What book are you reading at the moment?

I looked through the book until I found the right section.

He’s written several interesting travel books.

Everyone was waiting for the new Harry Potter book to come out.

You can borrow up to six books from the library.

Please return all your books before the end of term.

(=arrange to continue borrowing it from a library)

If you need to renew a book, you can do it by phone.

I got it from that little book shop in the village.

(=a person, shop, or company selling books)

High street book sellers are experiencing a drop in sales.

(=a ticket that you can use to pay for a book)

She always bought me book tokens for my birthday.

(=an article giving critical opinions of a book)

She had a book review published in the student magazine.

(=an event at which publishers and authors show new books)

the introduction/preface/foreword to a book

In the introduction to this book I referred to a conversation between myself and a young student.

The most useful section of the book is the list of suppliers of artists’ materials.

His picture is on the cover of the book.

The first chapter of the book is about his childhood.

a set of printed pages that are held together in a cover so that you can read them

I’ve just started reading a book by Graham Greene.

我刚开始看格雷厄姆·格林写的一本书。

a set of sheets of paper held together in a cover so that you can write on them

a set of things such as stamps, matches, or tickets, held together inside a paper cover

written records of the financial accounts of a business

An accountant will examine the company’s books.

一名会计师将来公司查账。

a small firm that is having problems [balancing](bold) the [books](bold)(=keeping its profits and spending equal)

不能保持收支平衡的一家小公司

They have £50 billion worth of orders on the books.

他们账上有价值500亿英镑的订单。

[cook the books](bold) at → [cook](->cook) 1 sense 3

the names of people who use a company’s services, or who are sent by a company to work for other people

an agent with a lot of popular actors on his books

手上有许多当红演员的经纪人

exactly according to rules or instructions

照章，一丝不苟地按照规定

She feels she has to [go by the book](bold) and can’t use her creativity.

她觉得她只能照章办事，发挥不了自己的创造力。

The police were careful to do everything by the book.

警方很小心，一切都照章办事。

a subject that you do not understand or know anything about

不理解的事，一无所知的事；谜

used to say that someone is pleased or annoyed with you

if a law is on the books, it is part of the set of laws in a country, town, area etc

one of the parts that a very large book such as the Bible is divided into

〔《圣经》等大部头中的〕卷，篇，部

In my book, nothing is more important than football.

在我看来，没有什么比足球更重要。

to punish someone for breaking laws or rules, especially when you have been trying to punish them for a long time

将某人绳之以法，将某人依法治罪


book

People often book their holidays in January.

I booked the whole trip on the Internet.

He picked up the phone and booked a flight to Barcelona.

It’s cheaper if you book your train ticket in advance.

I’ll book a table for 7.30 tomorrow evening.

Ross found a good hotel and booked a room.

She booked me a seat on the 9 am flight.

Students are advised to book a place on the course early.

We recommend you book early to avoid disappointment.

There are only 20 places, so it is essential to book well in advance.

It’s much easier to book tickets online.

(=all the seats, tickets etc are sold for a long period)

The restaurant’s  booked solid for the whole of the Christmas period.

to make arrangements to stay in a place, eat in a restaurant, go to a theatre etc at a particular time in the future

你今年有没有预订去度假？

The flight was already [fully booked](bold)(=no more seats were available).

To get tickets, you have to [book in advance](bold).

你必须提前预订才能买到票。

The show’s [booked solid](bold)(=all the tickets have been sold) until February.

这个演出2月份之前的票已售罄。

to arrange for someone such as a singer to perform on a particular date

The band was booked for a benefit show in Los Angeles.

这支乐队订好在洛杉矶举行一场义演。

if a hotel, restaurant etc is booked up, there are no more rooms, places, seats etc still available

〔酒店、餐馆等〕订满，被订完

if someone is booked up, they are extremely busy and have arranged a lot of things they must do

I’m all booked up this week – can we get together next Friday?

我这个星期都排满了，我们下个星期五再聚好吗？

to arrange for someone to go to a hotel, fly on a plane etc

为〔某人〕预订〔酒店、航班等〕

我给你订了星期六的航班。

我会给你在希尔顿酒店预订房间。

to put someone’s name officially in police records, along with the charge made against them

Smith was booked on suspicion of attempted murder.

史密斯涉嫌谋杀未遂被立案。

when a referee in a sports game books a player who has broken the rules, he or she officially writes down the player’s name in a book as a punishment


bookcase

a piece of furniture with shelves to hold books


booking

Your travel agent will make your booking for you.

Please confirm your booking 48 hours before your flight.

If you wish to cancel your booking, you must do it in writing.

Bookings can only be accepted on receipt of a deposit.

The cinema charges 50p a ticket for advance booking.

Early booking is recommended because places are limited.

There are cash penalties for late booking.

I had an email confirming our holiday booking.

(=a booking for a large number of seats, rooms etc)

There's a 20% discount for group bookings.

You can complete the booking form online.

Ticket agencies may charge a booking fee.

In the event of a cancellation, a refund will be offered according to the terms of our booking conditions.

(=a place for buying tickets, especially in a station)

There were long queues in the booking hall.

an arrangement to travel by train, use a hotel room etc at a particular time in the future

I [made](bold) a [booking](bold) for two double rooms.

I’m calling to [confirm](bold) my [booking](bold)(=say definitely that I want to travel etc).

我打电话是想确认一下我的预订。

If you [cancel](bold) your [booking](bold), there will be a small charge.

如果你取消预订，需支付小额费用。

Places on the course are limited and [advance booking](bold) is essential.

课程名额有限，必须提前预订。

[block booking](bold)(=a booking for a large number of dates, seats, rooms etc)

an arrangement made by a performer to perform at a particular time in the future

the act of writing a football player’s name in a book as a punishment for breaking the rules

〔对足球运动员的〕记名警告


booklet

a very short book with paper covers that usually contains information on one particular subject

a thin book with paper covers that gives information on something you may want to buy or advertises something

The hotel was nothing like it said it would be in the brochure.

The brochure shows you all the different types of washing machine.

a small book or piece of paper, often only one or two folded pages, that advertises something or gives information on a particular subject

They were handing out leaflets for the Socialist Party.

a very thin book with paper covers, in which someone writes about their opinions about something, or gives information about something

The pamphlet tells you all you need to know about growing cactuses.

a thin paper book that advertises and gives information about a school, college, new business etc

I asked them to send me the college prospectus.

a small sheet of paper advertising something

People were giving out flyers advertising the fair.

a thin short book, especially about a moral or religious subject – a rather formal use

Two women were handing out religious tracts.

a very short book that usually contains information on one particular subject

关于药物滥用问题的免费小册子


bookshelf

a shelf that you keep books on, or a piece of furniture used for holding books


boom

People made a lot of money in the 1980s property boom.

(=a sudden increase in the amount people spend)

Various factors caused the consumer boom.

There’s been a recent construction boom in the Gulf.

the investment boom of the past few years

Tax cuts sometimes lead to an economic boom.

The lower interest rates triggered an economic boom.

The energy crisis is fuelling a boom in alternative energy.

Since then, China has enjoyed a remarkable boom.

(=change from doing very well economically to doing very badly)

The Mexican economy went from boom to bust very quickly.

They sold their house at the height of the boom.

〔生意〕繁荣，兴旺，激增

经济繁荣创造了就业机会。

在经济繁荣时期，航空公司生意很好。

20世纪50年代的经济繁荣

The economy went from [boom to bust](bold)(=from increasing to decreasing) very quickly.

经济很快就从繁荣走向了萧条。

an increase in how popular or successful something is, or in how often it happens

20世纪70年代的迪斯科热

a deep loud sound that you can hear for several seconds after it begins, especially the sound of an explosion or a large gun

〔尤指爆炸或炮火的〕隆隆声

a long pole on a boat that is attached to the bottom of a sail, and that you move to change the position of the sail

a long pole used as part of a piece of equipment that loads and unloads things

〔起重机的〕吊杆，起重臂

a long pole that has a camera or microphone on the end

〔顶端安装有摄影机或麦克风的〕吊杆

something that is stretched across a river or a bay to prevent things floating down or across it

河绠，挡栅〔横于河面或海湾，阻止物件漂走〕


boom

[booming](bold) adj. eg: a booming economy

if business, trade, or a particular area is booming, it is increasing and being very successful

〔商业、贸易或特定地区〕繁荣，兴旺

[Business](bold) was [booming](bold), and money wasn’t a problem.

‘Ladies and gentlemen,’ his voice boomed out.

“女士们，先生们。”他的声音深沉而有力。

发出响亮而深沉的声音，隆隆作响


boost

to increase or improve something and make it more successful

→see THESAURUS at [increase](->increase) 1

The new resort area has boosted tourism.

新的度假区促进了旅游业的发展。

这一场胜利提升了球队的信心。

to help someone reach a higher place by lifting or pushing them

if a rocket or motor boosts a spacecraft, it makes it go up into space or go in a particular direction


boost

something that gives someone more confidence, or that helps something increase, improve, or become successful

a multimillion-pound boost for the British film industry

推动英国电影业发展的数百万英镑资金

Add a little more vanilla, to [give](bold) the flavor [a boost](bold).

再加一点儿香草提提味儿。

The community will get a boost from a new library and recreation center.

兴建新的图书馆和娱乐中心将会推动该社区发展。

The poll provided a morale boost for the Conservatives.

这次民意测验鼓舞了保守党的士气。

to lift someone so that they can reach a higher place

If I give you a boost, could you reach the window?

如果我托你一把，你可以够到窗户吗？

an increase in the amount of power available to a rocket, piece of electrical equipment etc

〔火箭、电器等的〕动力增强，助推


boot

[be/get too big for your boots](bold) at → [big](->big) 1 sense 14 [lick sb’s boots](bold) at → [lick](->lick) 1 sense 7 [tough as old boots](bold) at → [tough](->tough) 1 sense 2

(=rubber boots that stop your feet and legs getting wet)

The kids put on their rubber boots and went out in the rain.

In the mountains you’ll need some strong walking boots.

Take your muddy football boots off before you come inside.

Ankle boots are fashionable again this autumn.

She looked fabulous in a mini-skirt and knee-high boots.

I really need a new pair of boots this winter.

a type of shoe that covers your whole foot and the lower part of your leg

an enclosed space at the back of a car, used for carrying bags etc

〔汽车的〕行李舱，后备箱

when someone is forced to leave their job

The chairman denied that he had been [given the boot](bold).

He should have [got the boot](bold) years ago.

in addition to everything else you have mentioned

She was a great sportswoman, and beautiful to boot.

她是一名伟大的运动员，同时也是个大美人。

to criticize or be cruel to someone who is already in a bad situation

〔对落难者〕再踩上一脚，落井下石

to attack someone by kicking them repeatedly, especially when they are on the ground

used to say someone who has caused problems for other people in the past is now in a situation in which people are causing problems for them

形势逆转；风水轮流转；三十年河东，三十年河西

a metal object that the police attach to one of the wheels of an illegally parked car so that it cannot be moved

车轮锁，锁轮器〔用于锁住违法停放的车辆〕

soldiers present somewhere taking military action, or prepared to take military action

〔参与或准备参与军事行动的〕兵力


boot

to start the program that makes a computer ready to be used

守门员大脚把球踢向前场。

to stop someone from moving their illegally parked vehicle by fixing a piece of equipment to one of the wheels

给〔违法停放的车辆〕加上车轮锁


booth

a small partly enclosed place where one person can do something privately, such as use the telephone or vote

〔供一人打电话、投票等的部分封闭的〕小隔间

a small partly enclosed structure where you can buy things, play games, or get information, usually at a market or a fair

〔市场、游乐场等的〕货摊，摊位，摊档

a partly enclosed place in a restaurant, with a table between two long seats

〔餐馆内的〕雅座，火车座


border

the official line that separates two countries, or the area close to this line

The town lies on the border between Chile and Argentina.

Strasbourg is very close to the German border.

They crossed the Libyan frontier into Egypt.

the official line that separates states and counties in the US

His family lived across the state line in West Virginia.

the line that marks the edge of an area of land that someone owns, or one of the parts of a country

The fence marks the boundary between the two properties.

The Mississippi River forms the boundary between Tennessee and Arkansas.

A road runs along the western boundary of the site.

The army crossed the border and advanced on Warsaw.

Over 100,000 civilians fled across the border.

The river forms the border between the two countries.

The government moved quickly to close the border.

After fifty years the border was finally opened.

This small village straddles the border between the West Bank and Jerusalem.

They renewed their attacks on Ethiopia’s northern border.

the Austro-Hungarian/Hong Kong–China etc border

The village is on the Oxfordshire-Warwickshire border.

India and Pakistan each withdrew troops from their common border.

(=a disagreement about where the border should be)

a long-running border dispute between Iraq and Iran

The Afghan border area is open and wild.

There are problems of delays at border crossings.

Her friend lives on the other side of the border.

the official line that separates two countries, states, or areas, or the area close to this line

To cross the border, you will need a valid passport.

regular patrols along the border with France

沿与法国交界的边境地区的定期巡逻

a market town on the border of England and Wales

英格兰和威尔士边界上的一个集镇

He helped them to get across the border.

The coach took us south of the border to Tijuana.

长途客车把我们带到了边界以南的蒂华纳。

a band along or around the edge of something such as a picture or piece of material

an area of soil where you plant flowers or bushes, along the edge of an area of grass

花境〔草坪边缘的鲜花灌木带〕

something that separates one situation, state etc from another

〔区分两种情形、状态等的〕界线

new scientific discoveries that are stretching the borders of knowledge

拓展知识疆界的科学新发现


border

if one country, state, or area borders another, it is next to it and shares a border with it

（与 …）接壤，（与 …）毗邻

The area borders on the Yorkshire Dales.

这个地区与约克郡河谷相邻。

to form a border along the edge of something

形成 …的边界，沿 …的边

边上是一道高高砖墙的小路


borderline

In [borderline cases](bold), the student’s coursework is considered, as well as exam grades.

在难以界定的情况下，学生的作业和考试成绩都要考虑进去。

having qualities of both one situation, state etc and another more extreme situation or state

a borderline schizophrenic (=someone who has some signs of being mentally ill)


borderline

the point at which one quality, situation, emotion etc ends and another begins

〔介于两者之间的〕不明朗状态，暧昧状况，中间地带

She slipped over the borderline into sleep.

她先是半睡半醒，后来慢慢睡着了。

I was on the borderline between a first- and a second-class degree.

我的成绩介于一级和二级名誉学位之间。


bore

to make someone feel bored, especially by talking too much about something they are not interested in

He’s the sort of person who bores you at parties.

a film that will bore its young audience

会让年轻观众感到无聊的一部电影

I won’t bore you with all the technical details.

我不想讲技术上的细节让大家烦。

[bore sb to death/tears](bold)(=make them very bored)

to make a deep round hole in a hard surface

钻（孔），开凿，挖（洞）

The machine bores a hole through the cards.

To build the tunnel they had to bore through solid rock.

为了修建这条隧道，他们得钻通坚硬的岩石。

if someone’s eyes bore into you, they look at you in a way that makes you feel uncomfortable


bore

something that is not interesting to you or that annoys you

someone who is boring, especially because they talk too much about themselves or about things that do not interest you

He turned out to be a crashing bore (=used to emphasize that someone is very boring).

the measurement of the width of the inside of a long hollow object such as a pipe or the barrel of a gun

〔管道、枪管等的〕口径，内径

Take a length of piping with a bore of about 15 mm.

带上一根口径为15毫米左右的管子。

a wave of water that moves quickly along a river from the sea at particular times of the year

涌潮〔每年特定时间涌入河流的海潮〕


bored

You use [bored](bold)  about a person who is not interested in something: I'm bored!

You use [boring](bold)  about something that makes you feel bored: a boring film

feeling that you are not interested in something or that you have nothing interesting to do

Julia soon got bored with lying on the beach.

feeling very bored and annoyed or unhappy – used especially when something has continued for too long, and you do not want it to continue any longer

He got fed up with his old job and decided to start looking for a new one.

I’m fed up with listening to you complain!

You sound a bit fed up. Is everything alright?

to feel very annoyed and bored with something that has continued for too long. [Be sick of sb/sth](bold) sounds stronger and more annoyed than [be tired of sb/sth](bold)

People are tired of hearing politicians make promises that they never keep.

Do it yourself – I’m sick of cleaning up after you!

to be so bored with something that has continued for a long time that you decide to leave, do something different, or change the situation

She put up with him for ten years before she finally decided that she had had enough.

I've had enough of all this moaning! Can we try and be more positive?

I get bored if I’m at home on my own all day.

She grew bored and started gazing out of the window.

Some of the students were starting to look bored.

Teenagers are easily bored in the holidays.

Rob was bored to tears trailing around the shops.

Patti was bored stiff with small-town Massachusetts life.

In some of the lessons, I was bored out of my mind.

tired and impatient because you do not think something is interesting, or because you have nothing to do

厌烦的，不感兴趣的；烦闷的

After a while, I [got bored](bold) and left.

过了一会儿，我觉得无聊，就走了。

[bored stiff/to tears/to death/out of your mind](bold)(=extremely bored)


boredom

the feeling you have when you are bored, or the quality of being boring

a game to [relieve the boredom](bold) of a long journey

长途旅行中解闷的一个游戏

the [sheer boredom](bold) of being in jail


boring

very ordinary and therefore rather boring. People often use this phrase in everyday English, instead of saying directly that something is [boring](bold)

The conference was usually a dull affair.

very boring and continuing for a long time

Jake began the tedious task of sorting through his papers.

The work was monotonous and unchallenging.

He was only half listening to the monotonous voice of the teacher.

rather boring, because it is connected with things you do regularly as part of your daily life

He busied himself with the mundane task of cleaning the house.

Most arguments are over mundane issues like spending or saving money.

boring because nothing new or interesting ever happens

a subject, piece of writing etc that is dry is boring because it is very serious and does not contain any humour

The students complained that the lecture was dry and uninspiring.

Her husband is about the most boring person I’ve ever met.

她丈夫可以说是我见过的最无聊的人。

[dead/incredibly/terribly etc boring](bold)(=very boring)


born

when a person or animal is born, they come out of their mother’s body or out of an egg

今年春天有40头小羊羔出生。

斯威夫特生于1667年。

那个时候，大多数小孩都在家里出生。

be born into/to/of sth (=be born in a particular situation, type of family etc)

One third of all children are born into single-parent families.

有三分之一的孩子都生于单亲家庭。

be born with sth (=have a particular disease, type of character etc since birth)

Jenny was born with a small hole in her heart.

珍妮生下来心脏就有个小洞。

I was [born and raised](bold)(=was born and grew up) in Alabama.

我是土生土长的亚拉巴马人。

[be born blind/deaf etc](bold)(=be blind, deaf etc when born)

[be born lucky/unlucky etc](bold)(=always be lucky, unlucky etc)

[Australian/French etc born](bold)(=born in or as a citizen of Australia etc)

→ Don’t say ‘I born’, ‘I have been born’, or ‘I am born’. Say [I was born](bold)[I was born in Pakistan.](italic)

the country where the sport of cricket was born

(out) of (=as a result of a particular situation)

The alliance was born of necessity in 1941.

1941年，因为时局需要成立了这个联盟。

Bill spoke with a cynicism born of bitter experience.

比尔说话尖酸刻薄，那是因为他曾经有过痛苦的遭遇。

born and having grown up in a particular place and having the typical qualities of someone from that place

我是土生土长的利物浦人。

to be very suitable for a particular job, activity etc

天生适合做某事，有成为某类人的天赋

他天生就是当政治家的材料。

used to tell someone you think is lying to you that you are not stupid enough to believe them

used to say that someone has been very stupid or easily deceived

to always have good or bad luck in your life

生来就幸运/不幸，天生走运/倒霉

be born with a silver spoon in your mouth

含着银匙出生，生在富贵人家


born

someone who has a strong natural ability to lead, play music etc

天生的领袖/音乐家/教师等

someone who always seems to have bad things happen to them

永远的失败者，天生的倒霉蛋

used to express surprise or annoyance at something that you have never heard about before

〔用于表示惊讶或恼怒〕这辈子〔闻所未闻〕


borrow

ˈbɑːroʊ, ˈbɔː-

[be living on borrowed time](bold) at → [live](->live) 1 sense 17 [beg, borrow, or steal](bold) at → [beg](->beg) sense 8

to use something that belongs to someone else and that you must give back to them later

我可以借你的笔用一下吗？

You are allowed to borrow six books from the library at a time.

你每次可从图书馆借六本书。

They [borrowed heavily](bold)(=borrowed a lot of money) from the bank to start their new business.

他们向银行贷了巨款来创办新公司。

→ Do not confuse [borrow](bold) and [lend](bold) (=give someone permission to use something of yours)[I borrowed his bike.](italic)
						[Can you lend me your pen?](italic)

to take or copy someone’s ideas, words etc and use them in your own work, language etc

借用，引用〔思想、文字等〕

I borrowed my ideas from Eliot’s famous poem ‘The Waste Land’.

我的想法借鉴了艾略特的名诗《荒原》。

To [borrow a phrase](bold)(=use what someone else has said), if you can’t stand the heat, get out of the kitchen.

我借用一句老话，受不了热就别在厨房待着。

English has borrowed words from many languages.

英语借用了很多语言中的词汇。

to worry about something when it is not necessary


boss

the person who is in charge of you at work. [Boss](bold) sounds rather informal. The usual word to use in more formal English is [manager](bold)

Does your boss know you're looking for another job?

the person in charge of a business such as a shop, a bank, or a hotel, or of a part of a business

the person who is in charge of an organization or a department within that organization

My wife's head of the French department at the university.

He was the former head of the American Cancer Society.

the most important person or one of the most important people in an organization such as the police, the fire department, or the army

Health chiefs have secured cash to build two new hospitals.

the person who is in charge of a large company or a department within a company

Angry shareholders called for the resignation of the company president.

the person who is in charge of the daily management of a company or organization

He's the managing director of a small printing firm.

Universal Studios is looking for a new chief executive.

someone who is in charge of a group of workers, whose job is to make sure that the workers do what the manager wants

He was employed as a warehouse supervisor.

the manager who is directly in charge of you in a company

If you want to take a holiday, first ask your line manager.

if you report to someone in a company, that person is directly in charge of you

Jan is based in Birmingham and reports to the Head of Marketing.

the person who employs you or who is in charge of you at work

Since I’m [my own boss](bold)(=I work for myself, rather than for an employer), my hours are flexible.

我自己当老板，所以我的时间很灵活。

someone with an important position in a company or other organization

the person who is the strongest in a relationship, who controls a situation etc

When you first start training a dog, it’s important to let him see that you’re the boss.

刚开始训练狗时，一定要让它知道是你说了算。

You’ve got to [show](bold) the kids [who’s boss](bold).

你必须让孩子们明白是谁说了算。

a round decoration on the surface of something, for example on the ceiling of an old building

圆形装饰物，〔旧式建筑天花板上的〕饰球


boss

to tell people to do things, give them orders etc, especially when you have no authority to do it

对 …发号施令，指挥〔尤指无权这样做时〕

boss sb about [BrE](bold)  boss sb around [AmE](bold)

Five-year-old girls love to boss people around.

五岁的女孩就爱支使别人。


bossy

[comparative](italic) [bossier](bold) [superlative](italic) [bossiest](bold)

always telling other people what to do, in a way that is annoying

她那个好指挥人的大嗓门姐姐

someone who you think tells other people what to do too often


both

You use [both](bold)  before a plural noun: Both women were tall.

You use [both](bold)  or [both of](bold)  before a determiner such as ‘the’, ‘these’, or ‘my’: Both (of) the women were tall. Both (of) her parents are dead.
Don’t say: [the both women](strike)  [her both parents](strike)

You use [both](bold)  after a pronoun: [We both](bold) come from Scotland.

You use [both](bold)  after the first auxiliary verb: We [have both](bold) worked there. They [could both be](bold) described as robots.

[Both](bold)  is not usually used in negative clauses. You say: Neither of these methods is perfect.
Don’t say: [Both of these methods are not perfect.](strike)

used to talk about two people, things etc together, and emphasize that each is included

Oxford is not far from Stratford, so you can easily visit both in a day.

牛津镇离斯特拉特福不远，所以两个地方可以在一天内游览。

我的祖父和外祖父都是农民。

used to say that someone cannot have the advantages that come from two separate situations because they cannot exist together

It’s either me or her. You can’t have it both ways.

要么我，要么她，你不可能两个人都要。


both

used to emphasize that something is true not just of one person, thing, or situation but also of another

…和 …都；不仅 …而且 …；既 …又 …

他在英国和美国都生活过。

他和他妻子都喜欢打网球。


bother

He didn’t bother to answer the question.

‘Do you want me to wait for you?’ ‘No, don’t bother.’

“要我等你吗？”“算了，不用麻烦了。”

[Why bother](bold) to go abroad, when there are so many nice places here?

这里有这么多好地方，干吗还要费事去国外？

to make someone feel slightly worried, upset, or concerned

（使）担心，（使）生气，（使）苦恼

It was very noisy, but that didn’t bother me.

I try not to bother about what other people think.

我尽量不去管别人怎么想。

It really bothered me that he’d forgotten my birthday.

他把我的生日忘了，我很不高兴。

to annoy someone, especially by interrupting them when they are trying to do something

Danny, don’t bother Ellen while she’s reading.

丹尼，埃伦看书的时候不要去打扰她。

Would it bother you if I put on some music?

[It didn’t seem worth bothering](bold) the doctor about.

sb can’t/couldn’t be bothered (to do sth)

used to say that you do not want to make the effort to do something, or that you are not interested in doing something

某人不想费心（做某事），某人没兴趣（做某事）

It was so hot I couldn’t be bothered to cook.

天气这么热，我都懒得做饭了。

I should be revising, but I just can’t be bothered.

我应该温习功课，可就是不想去做。

if a part of your body bothers you, it is slightly painful or uncomfortable

used as a very polite way of interrupting someone when you want their attention

Sorry to bother you, but Mr. Grey is on the line.

对不起打扰您一下，格雷先生打电话找您。

to upset or frighten someone by talking to them when they do not want to talk to you, trying to hurt them, touch them sexually etc

别担心，我的狗不会咬你。

If he starts bothering you, let me know.

not bother yourself/not bother your head

to not spend time or effort on something, either because it is not important or because it is too difficult

〔因不重要或太难而〕不为 …操心[伤脑筋]

Cliff didn’t want to bother himself with details.

克利夫不想过问细节问题。

used to express a sudden feeling of annoyance about something

Oh bother it! The thread’s broken again!


bother

trouble or difficulty that has been caused by small problems and that usually only continues for a short time

It’s an old car, but it’s never caused me any bother.

这是辆旧车，但从来不给我添麻烦。

Joe’s been having a bit of bother with his back again.

最近乔的背部又有点儿不适。

‘Thanks for your help.’ ‘[It was no bother](bold)(=used to emphasize that you were happy to help someone) at all.’

“谢谢你帮忙。”“没什么。”

My mother hardly ever went to [the bother of](bold)(=the effort of) making cakes.

我母亲几乎从来不会费心去做蛋糕。

Are you sure the station is on your way? I don’t want to [give](bold) you any extra [bother](bold).

车站真的顺路吗？我不想给你添麻烦。

I should have phoned the shop first and [saved](bold) myself [the bother of](bold) going there.

我应该先给商店打个电话的，就省得跑一趟了。

[sth is more bother than it’s worth](bold)(=it is too difficult to be worth doing)

a person or job that slightly annoys you by causing trouble or problems

I hate to be a bother, but could you show me how the copier works?

对不起，麻烦一下，你能告诉我复印机怎样用吗？


bother

哎呀坏了！我忘记给琼打电话了。


bottle

→ [hot-water bottle](->hot-water bottle)

a container with a narrow top for keeping liquids in, usually made of plastic or glass

the amount of liquid that a bottle contains

Between us, we drank three bottles of wine.

a container for babies to drink from, with a rubber part on top that they suck, or the milk contained in this bottle

〔婴儿用的〕奶瓶；奶瓶中的奶

My first baby just wouldn’t [take a bottle](bold) at all.

我的第一个孩子根本就不肯用奶瓶喝奶。

alcoholic drink – used when talking about the problems drinking can cause

酒〔用于谈论喝酒引起的问题〕

[hit the bottle](bold)(=regularly drink too much)

She was under a lot of stress, and started hitting the bottle.

她压力很大，于是开始酗酒。

[be on the bottle](bold) BrE(=be drinking a lot of alcohol regularly)

courage to do something that is dangerous or unpleasant

〔做危险或不愉快的事情的〕勇气，胆量

I never thought she’d have the bottle to do it!

想不到她有胆量做这样的事！

used when you invite someone to an informal party, to tell them that they should bring their own bottle of alcoholic drink

自己带酒〔用于邀请某人自己带酒来参加聚会〕


bottle

to put a liquid, especially wine or beer, into a bottle after you have made it

把〔葡萄酒、啤酒等〕装进瓶中

The whisky is bottled here before being sent abroad.

威士忌在这里装瓶后运往国外。

to put vegetables or fruit into special glass containers in order to preserve them

把〔蔬菜或水果〕装瓶保存


bottom

[you can bet your bottom dollar](bold) at → [bet](->bet) 1 sense 6 [knock the bottom out of](bold) at → [knock](->knock) 1 sense 25 [from top to bottom](bold) at → [top](->top) 1 sense 22 [the bottom of the list](bold) at → [list](->list) 1 sense 2 [scrape the bottom of the barrel](bold) at → [scrape](->scrape) 1 sense 5

The house is at the bottom of that hill.

She scrolled down to the bottom of the screen.

the bottom surface on the outside of something

You will find the serial number on the underneath of the vacuum cleaner.

the lowest part or the wide bottom part on which something stands

He had broken a bone at the base of his spine.

the bottom of a tree, a hill, or some stairs

There was a small village at the foot of the mountain.

the ground at the bottom of a river, a lake, or the sea

They found some interesting stones on the river bed.

the layer of cement and stones that forms the bottom of a building

The builders have begun laying the foundations for the house.

Can you hold the bottom of the ladder for me?

你帮我扶住梯子下端好吗？

Grandma was standing at the bottom of the stairs.

Go downstairs and wait for me at the bottom.

你下楼去，在楼梯底下等我。

There should be a menu bar at the bottom of your screen.

在屏幕下方应该有一个菜单栏。

the flat surface on the lowest side of an object

the lowest inner surface of something such as a container

I found the keys – they were at the bottom of my handbag.

我找到钥匙了——在我手提包的底部。

The drugs had been hidden in a suitcase with a false bottom.

毒品藏在一个带假底板的手提箱里。

the lowest position in an organization or company

The Giants are at the bottom of the league.

巨人队在联赛中排名垫底。

[the bottom of the ladder/pile/heap](bold)(=the lowest position in society, an organization etc)

Immigrants were at the bottom of the pile.

Higgins had [started at the bottom](bold)(=in a low position in a company) and worked his way up to become managing director.

希金斯从公司底层做起，一步一步升至总经理。

United currently lie second from bottom of the Premier League.

联队目前排在英超联赛倒数第二位。

the ground under a sea, river etc, or the flat land in a valley

The bottom of the pool is very slippery.

A body was found at the bottom of the canal.

运河河底发现了一具尸体。

the part of a set of clothes that you wear on the lower part of your body

the part of a road, area of land etc that is furthest from where you are

There’s a shop at the bottom of the street.

to find out the cause of a problem or situation

这件事我从来都没有弄明白！

to be the basic cause of a problem or situation

Lack of money is at the bottom of many family problems.

缺钱是许多家庭问题的根本原因。

to be in a very bad situation that could not be any worse

I was at rock bottom, and knew I had to try and stop drinking.

我那时状况糟糕透顶，我知道自己必须得戒酒了。

We bought the house when prices were at rock bottom.

我们在房价触底时买下了这幢房子。

the bottom drops/falls out of the market

when people stop buying a particular product, so that the people who sell it can no longer make any money

产品滞销，市场出现萧条局面

used to tell someone to enjoy or finish their alcoholic drink

having a bottom or base that is big, round etc

屁股大的/圆的等；底部大的/圆的等

the way a person or situation really is, although they may seem different

她实际上是个善良的好人。


bottom

My passport’s in the bottom drawer of my desk.

Look at the bottom left-hand corner of your screen.

That’s me in the middle of the bottom row of the photograph.

There’s were only two windows in the bottom half of the building.

I put my foot on the bottom rung and started to climb.

Her bottom lip trembled and she started to cry.

The towels are in the [bottom drawer](bold).

You’ve got some butter on your [bottom lip](bold).

the [bottom](bold) right-hand [corner](bold) of the page

最不重要的，最末的，最差的

I was [bottom of the class](bold)(=the least successful student) in Spanish.

我的西班牙语在班上是最差的。

Britain [came bottom](bold) on efforts to tackle pollution and global warming.

在处理污染和全球变暖问题上，英国位居末流。

in the place furthest away from where you are


bounce

if a ball or other object bounces, or you bounce it, it immediately moves up or away from a surface after hitting it

（使）弹起，（使）反弹，（使）弹跳

The ball bounced off the post and into the goal.

The kids were bouncing a ball against the wall.

to move up and down, especially because you are hitting a surface that is made of rubber, has springs etc

Stop [bouncing up and down](bold) on the sofa.

if a cheque bounces, or if a bank bounces a cheque, the bank will not pay any money because there is not enough money in the account of the person who wrote it

〔支票〕被拒付；退回，拒付〔支票〕

to walk quickly and with a lot of energy

奥利维娅蹦蹦跳跳进了房间。

if something bounces, it moves quickly up and down as you move

她走起路来头发上下飘动。

if light or sound bounces, it hits a surface and then moves quickly away from it

The radio signals are bounced off a satellite.

无线电信号从卫星上反射回来。

if an email that you send bounces or is bounced, it is returned to you and the other person does not receive it because of a technical problem

〔电子邮件〕弹回，被退回

to talk about your ideas with someone in order to get their opinion

When you work in a team you can bounce your ideas off each other.

如果你们在一个小组里工作，互相之间可以探讨意见。

to force someone to leave a place, job, or organization, especially because they have done something wrong

Taylor was bounced from the team for assaulting another player.

泰勒因为殴打另一名球员而被球队开除。


bounce

the action of moving up and down on a surface

Try to catch the ball on the second bounce.

尽量在球第二次弹起时接住。

the ability to move up and down on a surface, or that surface’s ability to make something move up and down

The ball had completely lost its bounce.

这球已经彻底没有弹性了。

Exercise is great. I feel like there’s a new bounce in my step.

运动真好，我感觉自己的脚步轻快有力起来了。

hair that has bounce is in very good condition and goes back to its shape if you press it

a brand-new styling spray that gives your hair body and bounce

一款全新的定型喷雾，让你的头发浓密、有弹性

a sudden increase in something such as how popular a leader is

〔领导人支持率等的〕反弹


bound

the past tense and past participle of bind

bind的过去式和过去分词


bound

to be very likely to do or feel a particular thing

Don’t lie to her. She’s bound to find out.

别骗她，她肯定会发现的。

[it is bound to be](bold)(=used to say that something should have been expected)

‘It’s hot!’ ‘Well, it was bound to be – I just took it out of the oven.’

“真烫！”“肯定烫，我刚从烤箱里拿出来。”

When you are dealing with so many patients, mistakes are [bound to happen](bold).

你要照顾这么多病人，失误在所难免。

[Bound to](bold)  is used mainly in spoken English. In written English, people usually use [certain to, it is inevitable that](bold)  instead:

[Mistakes are [bound to](bold) happen.](strike)

[It is inevitable that](bold) mistakes will happen.

to be forced to do what a law or agreement says you must do

The Foundation is bound by the treaty to help any nation that requests aid.

根据条约规定，这个基金会应为任何请求援助的国家提供帮助。

You are [legally bound](bold) to report the accident.

法律上你有责任报告这起事故。

to feel that you ought to do something, because it is morally right or your duty to do it

有义务做某事，有责任做某事

Ian felt bound to tell Joanna the truth.

伊恩觉得有责任告诉乔安娜真相。

Well, I’m [bound to say](bold)(=I feel I ought to say), I think you’re taking a huge risk.

好吧，我必须告诉你，我觉得你在冒很大的风险。

[be duty bound/honour bound to do sth](bold)

A son is duty bound to look after his mother.

(also: [London-bound/Mexico-bound etc](bold) )

travelling towards a particular place or in a particular direction

We tried to get seats on a Rome-bound flight.

我们想办法弄到飞往罗马的机票。

[homeward-bound](bold)(=travelling towards home) commuters

All eastbound trains have been cancelled due to faulty signals.

由于信号故障，所有东行列车均已停运。

if two people or groups are bound together by something, they share a particular experience or situation that causes them to have a relationship

〔两者〕因为某事而联系在一起

The two nations were bound together by a common history.

这两个国家因为有着共同的历史而联系在一起。

to be very involved in something, so that you cannot think about anything else

忙于某事〔而无暇顾及其他〕

He was too bound up in his own problems to listen to mine.

他只顾自己的问题，无心倾听我的烦恼。

to be very closely connected with a particular problem or situation

Mark’s problems are all bound up with his mother’s death when he was ten.

马克的问题和他十岁丧母有很大的关系。

The people of Transkei began to realize that their future was inseparably bound up with that of South Africa.

特兰斯凯人开始明白，他们的未来和南非的未来休戚相关。

controlled or limited by something, so that you cannot do what you want or what other people want you to

被大雪困住[封锁]的/因罢工而停顿的/受传统束缚的等

a [desk-bound](bold) sergeant (=having to work in an office, instead of doing a more active job)

a bound book is covered on the outside with paper, leather etc

〔书〕装订好的，有封面的

a [leather-bound](bold) volume of Shakespeare’s plays

used when you are very sure that what you have just said is true

He had good reasons for doing that, I’ll be bound.

我确信，他那样做一定有道理。

very determined to do or achieve something, especially something difficult

Klein is bound and determined to win at least five races this year.

克莱因下定决心，今年至少要赢五场比赛。


bound

to run with a lot of energy, because you are happy, excited, or frightened

跳跃着前进，蹦蹦跳跳地跑

Suddenly a huge dog came bounding towards me.

突然，一条大狗跳着向我扑来。

if a country or area of land is bounded by something such as a wall, river etc, it has the wall etc at its edge

用木栅栏围起来的一个院子

The US is bounded in the north by Canada and in the south by Mexico.

美国北面与加拿大接壤，南面与墨西哥毗邻。


bound

the limits of what is possible or acceptable

界限，限度，极限，限制范围

We are here to make sure that the police operate within the bounds of the law.

我们此行的目的是确保警方依法执行公务。

[be/go beyond the bounds of credibility/reason/decency etc](bold)

The humor in the movie sometimes goes beyond the bounds of good taste.

这部影片中的幽默成分有时流于低俗。

[be within/beyond the bounds of possibility](bold)(=be possible/not possible)

It was not beyond the bounds of possibility that they could meet again.

他们再次相逢也不是没有可能。

if a place is out of bounds, you are not allowed to go there

The path by the railway line is officially out of bounds to both cyclists and walkers.

铁路沿线的小路按规定禁止骑车者和步行者进入。

if someone or something increases, develops etc by leaps and bounds, they increase etc very quickly

Julie’s reading is improving in leaps and bounds.

朱莉的阅读能力提高得很快。

if someone’s honesty, kindness etc knows no bounds, they are extremely honest etc

〔某人的诚实、善良等〕没有止境，无限

inside or outside the legal playing area in a sport such as American football or basketball

a long or high jump made with a lot of energy

〔向远处或高处的〕一跳，一跃


boundary

(=boundaries between countries or states)

Big companies usually aim to expand outside national boundaries.

(=boundaries between countries all over the world)

About 10% of hazardous waste is shipped across international boundaries.

The new housing estates stretch beyond the old city boundaries.

Today satellite communications cross all geographical boundaries.

Reforms could extend the geographical and political boundaries of the EU.

(=a river, line of mountains etc that form a boundary)

Here, the Andes form a natural boundary between Argentina and Chile.

The river Jordan marks the boundary between Israel and Jordan.

These are practical problems that cross political boundaries.

The boundary wall was about twenty foot high.

There was some disagreement about the exact position of the boundary line.

(=a disagreement about where a boundary should be, for example between neighbours)

We had to hire a lawyer to sort out the boundary dispute.

the real or imaginary line that marks the edge of a state, country etc, or the edge of an area of land that belongs to someone

The Mississippi River forms a [natural boundary](bold) between Iowa and Illinois.

密西西比河是艾奥瓦州和伊利诺伊州的天然边界。

[National boundaries](bold) are becoming increasingly meaningless in the global economy.

在全球经济中，国界已经变得越来越没有意义。

We would need their agreement to build outside the [city boundary](bold).

我们在市界以外的地方建房需要他们批准。

The stream curves round to [mark the boundary](bold) of his property.

小河打了个弯，为他这块地划出了边界。

Anything that [crosses the boundary](bold) of a black hole cannot get back.

任何物质只要跨越黑洞的界线就再也回不来了。

We walked through the churchyard towards the [boundary wall](bold).

我们穿过教堂墓地，向院墙走去。

The property’s [boundary line](bold) is 25 feet from the back of the house.

这块地产的边界线在屋后25英尺的地方。

[boundary disputes](bold) between neighbouring countries

the limit of what is acceptable or thought to be possible

[within/beyond the boundaries of sth](bold)

[push back the boundaries (of sth)](bold)(=to make a new discovery, work of art etc that is very different from what people have known before, and that changes the way they think)

the point at which one feeling, idea, quality etc stops and another starts

〔不同情感、思想、品质等之间的〕分野，分界线

the blurring of the boundaries between high and popular culture

高雅文化和通俗文化之间界线的模糊

the outer limit of the playing area in cricket, or a shot that sends the ball across this limit for extra points

〔板球场的〕边界；边界球


bouquet

an arrangement of flowers, especially one that you give to someone


bout

a short period of time during which you suffer from an illness

抑郁/流感/恶心等的发作（期）

a short period of time during which you do something a lot, especially something that is bad for you

一阵，一回，一场，一番〔尤指做对自己有害的事情〕


boutique

a small shop that sells fashionable clothes or other objects


boutique

special, good in quality, and expensive, or producing things that are special, good in quality, and expensive


bow

to bend the top part of your body forward in order to show respect for someone important, or as a way of thanking an audience

她鞠了一躬，离开了舞台。

Corbett entered the room, bowing respectfully.

科比特走进房间，恭敬地鞠了一躬。

The servant [bowed low](bold) and handed his master the sealed note.

仆人深深鞠了一躬，把那个封口的短笺递给了主人。

to bend your neck so that you are looking at the ground, especially because you want to show respect for God, or because you are embarrassed or upset

菲尔站在那里，羞愧地低着头。

to bend your body over something, especially in order to see it more closely

〔尤指为靠近些看〕俯（身），欠（身）

Teague sat at his desk, bowed over a book.

蒂格坐在桌边，欠着身子看书。

His back was bowed under the weight of the heavy bag.

沉重的包压得他背都弯了。

to show too much respect to someone in authority – used to show disapproval

点头哈腰，卑躬屈膝〔含贬义〕


bow

the act of bending the top part of your body forward to show respect for someone when you meet them, or as a way of thanking an audience

[take/give a bow](bold)(=bow to the audience at the end of a performance)

The music ended and the girl took a bow.

音乐结束，女孩鞠躬致谢。

He gave a final bow just as the curtains came down.

帷幕落下时，他鞠了最后一躬。

This is done with a [formal bow](bold) to the king or queen.

与此同时，还要向国王或女王正式鞠躬行礼。


bow

[have more than one string to your bow](bold) at → [string](->string) 1 sense 8

a weapon used for shooting arrows, made of a long thin piece of wood held in a curve by a tight string

a knot of cloth or string, with a curved part on either side and two loose ends, worn in the hair as decoration or for tying shoelaces

埃拉头发上扎着一个蝴蝶结。

用蝴蝶结束在脑后的红棕色长发

a long thin piece of wood with a tight string fastened along it, used to play musical instruments such as the violin or cello


bow

to play a piece of music on a musical instrument with a bow3


bowel

the system of tubes inside your body where food is made into solid waste material and through which it passes out of your body

[move/empty/open your bowels](bold)(=get rid of solid waste from your body)

the act of getting rid of solid waste from your body

[the bowels of the earth](bold)(=deep under the ground)


bowl

These work well as pasta or cereal bowls.

There are some apples in the fruit bowl if you want one.

Put the butter and sugar in a mixing bowl.

She put the strawberries in a glass serving bowl.

a wide round container that is open at the top, used to hold liquids, food, flowers etc

Mix all the ingredients thoroughly in a large bowl.

将所有配料放在大碗里搅拌均匀。

[a mixing/serving bowl](bold)(=a bowl used for mixing foods or serving them)

Beat the butter in a mixing bowl until creamy and soft.

将黄油放在拌菜碗中搅打至柔滑。

[a soup/salad/cereal etc bowl](bold)(=a bowl to eat or serve soup, salad etc from)

the amount of something contained in a bowl

an outdoor game played on grass, in which you try to roll big balls as near as possible to a small ball

a special game in American football played by the best teams after the normal playing season

a ball that you use in the game of bowls

the part of an object such as a spoon, pipe, toilet etc that is shaped like a bowl

碗状部分，〔匙、烟斗、抽水马桶等物体的〕凹处

a large stadium shaped like a bowl, where people go to watch special events such as sports games or music concerts

露天环形剧场；椭圆形体育场


bowl

to roll a ball along a surface when you are playing the game of bowls

〔草地滚球运动中〕滚（球）

to throw a ball at the batsmanthe person who hits the ball in cricket

〔玩板球时向击球员〕投（球）

to make a batsman have to leave the field by throwing a ball so that it hits the wicket behind him

〔玩板球时以球击中三柱门〕投杀〔击球员〕，迫使〔击球员〕出局

to travel along very quickly and smoothly

We were bowling along at about 90 miles per hour.

我们以每小时90英里左右的速度向前行驶。


bowling

an indoor game in which you roll a large heavy ball along a wooden track in order to knock down a group of pinswooden objects shaped like bottles

Do you want to [go bowling](bold) with us Friday?

星期五想和我们一起去打保龄球吗？

the act of throwing a ball at the batsman in cricket

〔玩板球时向击球员的〕投球


box

We packed all our things into big cardboard boxes.

Plastic storage boxes are useful for  putting things in the attic.

She used to keep photographs in old shoe boxes.

Most of the kids bring lunch boxes to school.

How much have you got in your money box?

(=for keeping a supply of money in, for example in a shop)

Thieves stole £100 from a cash box at the school.

There was a pile of boxes in the street outside the house.

a container for putting things in, especially one with four stiff straight sides

[toolbox/shoebox/matchbox etc](bold)(=a box used for keeping tools etc in)

the amount of something contained in a box

a small square on a page for people to write information in

Put an ‘X’ in the box if you would like to join our mailing list.

如果你想加入我们的邮寄名单，请在方框内打X。

a square or rectangle on a page where information is given or where an answer can be written

〔提供信息或填写答案的〕方框

The box on the left gives a short history of the battle.

左边方框内简要介绍了这场战役的经过。

a small area of a theatre or court that is separate from where other people are sitting

〔戏院的〕包厢；〔法庭的〕专席

a small building or structure used for a particular purpose

a box with a number in a post office, where you can have letters etc sent instead of to your own address

25号/450号等邮政信箱

a special area of a sports field that is marked by lines and used for a particular purpose

〔运动场上用线划定的〕区，特定区域

a piece of plastic that a man wears over his sex organs to protect them when he is playing a sport, especially cricket

〔尤指板球运动员的〕下体护身，护罩

a small tree that keeps its leaves in winter and is often planted around the edge of a garden or field

黄杨〔一种常绿小树，常种植在花园或田野四周〕

to be very drunk or have taken an illegal drug


box

to fight someone as a sport by hitting them with your closed hands inside big leather gloves

Help me box up the Christmas tree lights.

帮我把圣诞彩灯装进盒子。

to draw a box around something on a page

〔在纸上〕给〔某物〕画框

to hit someone on the side of their head


boxer

a large dog with short light brown hair and a flat nose


boxing

the sport of fighting while wearing big leather gloves


boy

→ [blue-eyed boy](->blue-eyed boy) [jobs for the boys](bold) at → [job](->job) sense 16 → [mama's boy](->mama's boy) → [mummy's boy](->mummy's boy) → [old boy](->old boy) → [wide boy](->wide boy)

a male child, or a male person in general

11到18岁之间的男孩和女孩

A group of teenage boys stood talking in a group outside.

一群十几岁的男孩站在外面交谈。

‘You naughty boy!’ she said in a harsh voice.

“你这个皮小子！”她厉声说道。

What a polite [little boy](bold)(=young male child) you are.

你真是个有礼貌的小男孩。

Come on, Timmy, act like a [big boy](bold)(=an older boy) now.

行了，蒂米，要有大男孩的样子了。

I love my boys, but I’d like to have a girl, too.

我爱我的儿子们，但还是希望再有个女儿。

How old is your [little boy](bold)(=young son)?

〔年轻男性〕办公室杂务员/送报员/送货员等

a man of any age who is typical of people from a particular place, or who feels a strong connection with the place he grew up in

The classic story of a local boy who’s made good (=who has succeeded).

讲一个本地人如何出息成材的经典故事

a group of men who are friends and often go out together

Friday is his [night out with the boys](bold).

星期五晚上是他和一帮弟兄们出去玩的时间。

He considers himself just [one of the boys](bold)(=not anyone special, but liked by other men).

他认为自己只是这群伙伴中的一分子。

〔用于称呼公马或公犬〕家伙

〔从事同一职业的〕一群男子

Oh no! Wait until the press boys get hold of this story.

噢，不！等记者发现这个新闻就好看了。

men in the army, navy etc, especially those who are fighting in a war

〔尤指在战场上作战的〕士兵

used to say that you should not be surprised when boys or men behave badly, are noisy etc

男孩子总归是男孩子〔表示不需为男性的淘气、吵闹感到惊讶〕

a friendly way for one man to speak to another man

老兄〔男人之间的友好称呼〕

an offensive way of talking to a black man

小子〔对黑人男性的冒犯语〕


boy

used when you are excited or pleased about something

好家伙〔表示兴奋、欣喜〕

used when you are slightly annoyed or disappointed about something

唉！〔表示有点儿厌烦或失望〕


boycott

to refuse to buy something, use something, or take part in something as a way of protesting

We boycott all products tested on animals.

我们抵制所有拿动物做试验的产品。


boycott

an act of boycotting something, or the period of time when it is boycotted

They are now trying to [organize](bold) a [boycott](bold).

他们正试图组织一场抵制行动。

He [called for](bold) a [boycott](bold) of the elections.


boyfriend

a boy or man that you have a romantic relationship with, especially for a fairly long time

the person you are married to, or the person you are living with and having a sexual relationship with

Sweden allows gay partners to receive many of the same benefits that married couples get.

someone who you have a sexual relationship with, without being married to them

Her ex has caused a lot of trouble for her.

someone who was your boyfriend in the past

In a box in the closet, I found love letters from one of her old flames.

a woman’s boyfriend or lover – a very old-fashioned use

a young man who is having a sexual relationship with an older woman

A woman with a toy boy gets a lot more disapproving looks than a man with a younger woman.

an older man who gives a younger woman presents and money in return for their company and often for sex

I can imagine her cashing checks from some mysterious sugar daddy.

if you are going out with a boy or man, you have him as your boyfriend

She’s been going out with Jack for a couple of months.

a man that you are having a romantic relationship with

used to refer to a piece of clothing for women that is quite big and loose

男友风牛仔裤/开襟羊毛衫/夹克等〔指比较宽松的女性服装〕


bra

a piece of underwear that a woman wears to support her breasts


bracelet

a band or chain that you wear around your wrist or arm as a decoration


bracket

one of the pair of signs ( ) put around words to show extra information

Last year’s sales figures are given in brackets.

去年的销售额在括弧中给出。

→ [angle brackets](->angle brackets) → [square bracket](->square bracket) → [punctuation mark](->punctuation mark)

收入等级/税级/年龄组别等

a piece of metal, wood, or plastic, often in the shape of the letter L, fixed to a wall to support something such as a shelf

〔钉在墙上的〕托架，托座，角撑架〔通常为L形〕


bracket

to consider two or more people or things as being similar or the same

把 …视为同类；将 …相提并论

Women and minors were bracketed together for the legislation.

这项法规中妇女和未成年人被归为一类。

Arizona has been bracketed with Iowa in the tournament.

这次锦标赛，亚利桑那队和艾奥瓦队被分在一组。

to put brackets around a written word, piece of information etc


brag

[past tense and past participle](italic) [bragged](bold) [present participle](italic) [bragging](bold)

to talk too proudly about what you have done, what you own etc – used to show disapproval

‘I came out top in the test,’ he bragged.

“我测验得了最高分。”他吹嘘道。

Ben’s always bragging about his success with women.

本总是吹嘘他对女人有一套。

Julia used to brag that her family had a villa in Spain.

朱莉娅以前老吹嘘她家在西班牙有一栋别墅。


brain

→ [bird-brain](->bird-brain) → [hare-brained](->hare-brained) [beat your brains out](bold) at → [beat](->beat) 1 sense 22 [pick sb’s brains](bold) at → [pick](->pick) 1 sense 7 [rack your brain(s)](bold) at → [rack](->rack) 2 sense 2

You should have more brains than to smoke.

If we all rack our brains we should come up with some ideas.

I thought I’d pick Greg’s brains about what to take with us.

It takes brains to think of a plan like that.

It was obvious that Ann  had a good brain.

the organ inside your head that controls how you think, feel, and move

Messages from the brain are carried by the central nervous system.

大脑发出的信息是通过中枢神经系统传递的。

[the right/left hemisphere of the brain](bold)(=the right or left side of the brain)

Emotional responses are a function of the right hemisphere of the brain.

情绪反应是右脑的一项功能。

the ability to think clearly and learn quickly

If you had any brains, you’d know what I meant.

你如果有点儿脑子，就会知道我的意思。

Something’s [addled](bold) your [brains](bold)(=made you confused).

什么事让你脑子糊涂了吧。

Come on, [use](bold) your [brain](bold), John.

someone who is intelligent, with good ideas and useful skills

Some of our best brains are leaving the country to work in the US.

一直想着某事物，牵挂着某事物

今天我脑子里一直想着那首歌。

to be the person who thought of and developed a particular plan, system, or organization, especially a successful one

是某事的策划者[智囊，中枢人物]

Danny’s definitely the brains of the project.

丹尼绝对是这个项目的策划者。

in a state where your brain has stopped working properly, even though your heart may still be beating

in a state in which you seem stupid or uninteresting, especially because you live a boring life or are very tired

不会动脑子的，愚蠢的〔尤因生活无聊或极其疲惫〕

used to say that something is not difficult to do


brain

to hit someone very hard on the head – used humorously

重击〔某人〕的头部〔幽默用法〕


brainstorm

if you have a brainstorm, you are suddenly unable to think clearly or sensibly

I must have [had a brainstorm](bold) that afternoon.

那天下午我肯定是一时糊涂了。


brainstorm

to have a discussion or meeting with other people at work, to suggest a lot of ideas for an activity or for solving a problem

进行头脑风暴；集思广益提出〔想法或办法〕

Employees get together and [brainstorm ideas](bold) some of which get developed and some don't.

员工们齐聚一堂，献计献策，有的想法阐述透彻了，有的则没有。


brainwave

I’ve had a brainwave! Let’s go this weekend instead.

我有好主意！我们改在这个周末去吧。

an electrical force that is produced by the brain and that can be measured


brainy

[comparative](italic) [brainier](bold) [superlative](italic) [brainiest](bold)

→see THESAURUS at [intelligent](->intelligent)


brake

Put the brakes on – you’re going too fast.

Apply the brakes as you approach the roundabout.

(=use them suddenly and with a lot of force)

The car in front stopped suddenly and I had to slam on the brakes.

The traffic lights turned green and I released the brake.

Going down the mountain I was afraid the brakes might fail.

The brakes screeched and the train finally stopped.

Faulty brakes may have caused the accident.

(=one you apply with your foot, to slow the car down)

AmEalsothe emergency brakethe parking brake

(=one you apply with your hand, to stop the car moving when parked)

I tried to drive off with the hand brake still on.

(=that do not cause the wheels to lock and skid if the brakes are used suddenly)

The car comes equipped with anti-lock brakes.

She pressed the brake pedal but nothing happened.

What should you do in the event of a brake failure?

(=the loud unpleasant sound of a car stopping suddenly)

I heard the screech of brakes in the road outside.

a piece of equipment that makes a vehicle go more slowly or stop

Test your brakes after driving through water.

车子涉水之后要检验一下刹车。

I managed to [put the brakes on](bold) just in time.

Moira [slammed on the brakes](bold)(=used them suddenly and with a lot of force).

[apply the brakes](bold) [formal](special)

He applied the brakes but failed to stop in time.

他踩了刹车，可未能及时停下来。

the [screech of brakes](bold)(=the loud unpleasant noise they can make)

→ [anti-lock braking system](->anti-lock braking system) → [emergency brake](->emergency brake) → [handbrake](->handbrake) → [parking brake](->parking brake)

to make something develop more slowly, be more difficult to do, or happen less

对某事物起抑制作用，遏制某事物

Rises in interest rates act as a brake on expenditure.


brake

to make a vehicle or bicycle go more slowly or stop by using its brake

他突然急刹车，想避开那条狗。


branch

a part of a tree that grows out from the trunkmain stem and that has leaves, fruit, or smaller branches growing from it

After the storm, the ground was littered with twigs and branches.

风暴过后，满地都是大大小小的树枝。

The [topmost branches](bold) were full of birds.

a local business, shop etc that is part of a larger business etc

The bank has branches all over the country.

这家银行在全国各地都有分行。

现在她在我们的丹佛分部工作。

They’re planning to [open](bold) a [branch](bold) in St. Louis next year.

他们计划明年在圣路易斯开一家分店。

Have you met our [branch manager](bold), Mr. Carlson?

你有没有见过我们的分公司经理卡尔森先生？

a part of a government or other organization that deals with one particular part of its work

All branches of government are having to cut costs.

所有政府部门都必须削减开支。

[the executive/judicial/legislative branch](bold)(=the three main parts of the US government)

one part of a large subject of study or knowledge

[a branch of mathematics/physics/biology etc](bold)

a group of members of a family who all have the same ancestors

the wealthy South American branch of the family

这个家族在南美洲的富裕分支

a smaller less important part of a river, road, or railway that leads away from the larger more important part of it

The rail company may have to close the [branch line](bold) to Uckfield.

铁路公司有可能不得不关闭到阿克菲尔德的支线。


branch

to divide into two or more smaller, narrower, or less important parts

When you reach the village green, the street [branches into two](bold).

到了村中心的公共草地，这条街就分岔成两条路。


brand

Kids want to have Nike and Reebok and other top brands.

It’s the most popular brand of tequila in Mexico.

(=sold by a particular store under its own name)

A supermarket’s own brand should cost less than the nationally advertised brands.

Schwartz is the brand leader for herbs and spices in the UK.

The use of tobacco brand names in sponsoring sports has been banned.

(=the way a product or organization seems to the public)

A company carefully protects its brand image.

Advertising is used to sell a product and create brand loyalty.

a type of product made by a particular company, that has a particular name or design

[brand leader/leading brand](bold)(=the brand that sells the most)

products which lack a strong [brand image](bold)

[brand loyalty](bold)(=the tendency to always buy a particular brand)

[own brand](bold) BrE, [store brand](bold) AmE(=a product made and sold by a particular store)

a particular type of humour, politics, religion etc

某种类型的幽默/政治/宗教等

a mark made or burned on a farm animal’s skin that shows who it belongs to


brand

to describe someone or something as a very bad type of person or thing, often unfairly

给 …加上〔往往是不公的〕恶名

You can’t brand all football supporters as hooligans.

你不能给所有的足球迷都加上流氓的恶名。

Stealing that money has [branded](bold) Jim [for life](bold) – no one will trust him again.

吉姆偷了那笔钱，就背上了一辈子的恶名，再也没有人信任他。

to burn a mark onto something, especially a farm animal, in order to show who it belongs to

给〔牲畜〕打烙印〔以标明其主人〕

Each cow was branded with the ranch’s logo.

每头母牛都烙上了该牧场的标记。

to give a name to a product or group of products so that they can be easily recognized by their name or design


brand-new

全新的，崭新的，未用过的

他的衣服看上去是全新的。


brass

[as bold as brass](bold) at → [bold](->bold) sense 2

a very hard bright yellow metal that is a mixture of copper and zinc

musical instruments that are made of metal, such as the trumpet and the trombone

→ [percussion](->percussion) → [stringed instrument](->stringed instrument) → [wind instrument](->wind instrument) → [woodwind](->woodwind)

the people in an orchestra or band who play musical instruments that are made of metal

〔管弦乐队等的〕铜管乐器部

an object made of brass, usually with a design cut into it, or several brass objects

to start talking about the most important facts or details of something

言归正传，谈实质性问题，谈正事

people who hold the most important positions


brave

[bravely](bold) adv. eg: She smiled bravely.

showing that you are not afraid to do things that other people find dangerous or difficult

I think he was incredibly brave to do a parachute jump.

very brave – used especially about someone fighting for what they believe in, or fighting against a disease

brave and willing to take a lot of risks

willing to make difficult decisions or say what you think, even though it may involve risks

It was a bold move to set up his own company.

She was very bold in criticizing the leadership.

willing to do dangerous things or go to dangerous places

We sent our intrepid reporter to find out what is happening.

used about someone who enjoys going to new places and doing new, possibly dangerous, things

More adventurous visitors can go skiing or snowboarding.

Despite heroic efforts to save him, he died.

brave and determined – often used in newspapers

Plucky Megan, aged 10, has beaten cancer twice.

[comparative](italic) [braver](bold) [superlative](italic) [bravest](bold)

dealing with danger, pain, or difficult situations with courage and confidence

It was brave of you to speak in front of all those people.

你很勇敢，能在那么多人面前说话。

Today we remember the brave who died in the last war.

今天我们要纪念在上一场战争中牺牲的勇士。

Despite their captain’s brave performance, Arsenal lost 2–1.

尽管队长表现出色，但阿森纳队还是以1比2告负。

the brave efforts of the medical staff to save his life

医务人员为挽救他的生命所作的极大努力

to pretend that you are happy when you are really very upset

a situation or a way of doing something that is new and exciting and meant to improve people’s lives

美好的新世界〔指旨在改善人们生活的美好新事物〕

the brave new world of digital television


brave

to deal with a difficult, dangerous, or unpleasant situation

I decided to take the train to work rather than brave the traffic.

我决定乘火车上班，不和拥挤的交通较劲。

[brave the elements/weather etc](bold)(=go out in bad weather)

More than 100 people braved the elements and attended the rally.

有一百多人不顾天气恶劣参加了集会。

to deal bravely with something that is frightening or difficult


brave

a young fighting man from a Native American tribe


bravery

actions, behaviour, or an attitude that shows courage and confidence

勇敢的行为[态度]；勇气


breach

an action that breaks a law, rule, or agreement

This was a clear breach of the 1994 Trade Agreement.

这显然违反了1994年的《贸易协定》。

They sued the company for [breach of contract](bold).

他们起诉这家公司违反合同。

a serious disagreement between people, groups, or countries

Britain did not want to risk a breach with the US over sanctions.

英国不想为制裁问题去冒与美国决裂的风险。

What had caused the sudden breach between Henry and his son?

是什么事情让亨利和他儿子突然闹翻的？

She wanted to help [heal](bold) the [breach](bold) between them.

她想帮助他们修复破裂的关系。

an action in which someone does something that people have trusted them not to do

We regard the publication of this information as a serious breach of trust.

我们认为公开这一信息就是严重的失信。

an action in which someone manages to learn secret information or manages to get into a place that is guarded

There had been a major breach of security at the airbase.

空军基地发生了一宗严重违反安全规则的事故。

the crime of making too much noise or fighting in a public place

He was arrested and charged with breach of the peace.

他被警方拘捕并被指控扰乱治安罪。

a hole made in a wall that is intended to protect a place

〔防护墙上的〕缺口，破洞

to help by doing someone else’s job or work when they are unable to do it

Thanks for stepping into the breach last week.

谢谢你上个星期代理我的工作。


breach

违背，违反〔法律、规定、协议〕

The company accused him of breaching his contract.

to break a hole in a wall that is intended to protect a place

The storm had breached the sea wall in two places.

风暴在海堤上造成两处缺口。


bread

Eat the bread while it’s nice and fresh.

This bread’s stale – shall I throw it away?

(=having a hard crust that is nice to eat)

(=covered with a green substance that grows on old food)

All there was in the house was a loaf of mouldy old bread.

Would you like white bread or brown bread?

(=bread made with flour that contains all of the grain)

(=a piece that you pull off a loaf instead of cutting it)

He tore off a chunk of bread and dipped it in the sauce.

a type of food made from flour and water that is mixed together and then baked

Would you like some bread with your soup?

the work that provides you with most of the money that you need in order to live

你的/某人的生计[谋生手段]

know which side your bread is buttered on

to know which people to be nice to in order to get advantages for yourself

知道该讨好谁才对自己有利


breadth

→ [hair's breadth](->hair's breadth) [the length and breadth of](bold) at → [length](->length) sense 8

the distance from one side of something to the other

The boat measured 15 feet in length and 4 feet in breadth.

这条船长15英尺，宽4英尺。

the quality of including a lot of different people, things, or ideas

The job wasn’t giving him the breadth of experience he wanted.

这个工作没有让他获得他想要的丰富经验。

His [breadth of knowledge](bold) was amazing.

a politician known for his [breadth of vision](bold)

We need to provide more breadth in the college curriculum.

我们需要扩大学院课程的范围。


break

break away
break down
break for
break in
break into
break of
break off
break out
break through
break up
break with

[Break](bold)  belongs to a group of verbs where the same noun can be the subject of the verb or its object.

You can say: I broke a glass.  In this sentence, ‘a glass’ is the object of [break](bold) .

You can also say: A glass broke.  In this sentence, ‘a glass’ is the subject of [break](bold) .

to damage something and make it separate into pieces, for example by dropping it or hitting it

to break something into two pieces, making a loud noise – used especially about long thin objects

to separate something into two pieces along a straight line

Using a sharp knife, split the melon in half.

to damage a bone, especially so that a line appears on the surface

to damage paper or cloth by pulling it so that it separates into pieces

She tore up the letter and put it in the bin.

to become damaged and separate into pieces

to break after being hit with a lot of force

The glass shattered all over the pavement.

if something cracks, a line appears on the surface, which means that it could later break into separate pieces

if a tyre, balloon, pipe etc bursts, it gets a hole and air or liquid suddenly comes out of it

to break into a powder or a lot of small pieces

I’ll never forgive him for breaking his promise to me.

I’ve promised to do it and I never break my word.

He accused her of breaking her marriage vows.

In the end she decided to break their engagement.

He took the company to court for breaking the contract.

This action broke the international agreement of 1925.

[past tense](italic) [broke](bold) /brəʊk/ US /broʊk/ [past participle](italic) [broken](bold) /ˈbrəʊkən/ US /ˈbroʊ-/

if you break something, you make it separate into two or more pieces, for example by hitting it, dropping it, or bending it

I had to break a window to get into the house.

我只得打破一扇窗户进屋。

Don’t lean on the fence like that – you’ll break it!

不要那样靠在篱笆上——会把它弄断的！

He broke the biscuit in half and handed one piece to me.

他把饼干掰成两半，递了一块给我。

[Break](bold) the chocolate [into](bold) small [pieces](bold) and melt it over a gentle heat.

把巧克力分成小块，放在文火上化开。

if something breaks, it separates into two or more pieces

He kept pulling at the rope until it broke.

他一直拉绳子，直到把它拉断。

The frames are made of plastic and they tend to break quite easily.

这些框架是塑料做的，很容易碎裂。

to damage a bone in your body by making it crack or split

她从楼梯上摔下来，髋部骨折。

to damage a machine so that it does not work properly

Don’t mess about with my camera – you’ll break it.

别乱动我的照相机，你会把它弄坏的。

if a machine breaks, it stops working properly

They’re [breaking the law](bold) by employing such young children.

他们雇用这么小的孩子是违法的。

If you [break](bold) the [rules](bold), you will be punished.

The cameras catch motorists who break the speed limit.

摄像头会拍下超速的司机。

to not do something that you have promised to do or signed an agreement to do

违反，违背〔诺言或协议〕

I never [break](bold) my [promises](bold).

You betrayed me. You [broke](bold) your [word](bold).

你出卖了我，你说话不算数。

He was worried that he might be breaking his contract.

to stop for a short time in order to have a rest or eat something

我们现在停下来吃午饭好吗？

We need to break the cycle of poverty and crime in the inner cities.

我们需要打破内城区里贫困和犯罪的恶性循环。

We took turns driving, in order to try and break the monotony.

我们轮流开车，免得乏味。

New talks will begin on Monday in an effort to [break](bold) the [deadlock](bold).

为打破僵局，星期一将开始新的会谈。

to make someone feel that they have been completely defeated and they cannot continue working or living

I won’t give in. I won’t be broken by him.

我决不服输，我不会被他击垮的。

to damage an organization so badly that it no longer has any power

The government succeeded in breaking the unions.

when the day or the dawn breaks, the sky gets light

Dawn was breaking by the time we arrived home.

我们到家的时候天蒙蒙亮。

We were keen to get back to the hotel before the storm broke.

我们急于赶在风暴来临之前回到宾馆。

if the weather breaks, it suddenly changes and becomes cold or wet

The following day the weather broke and we had ten days of solid rain.

第二天天气突变，一连下了十天雨。

when waves break, they fall onto the land at the edge of the water

We sat and watched the waves breaking on the shore.

我们坐着看波涛拍打海岸。

when a boy’s voice breaks, it becomes lower and starts to sound like a man’s voice

He was fifteen, and his voice was just beginning to break.

if your voice breaks, it does not sound smooth because you are feeling strong emotions

Her voice broke as she told us what had happened.

她向我们诉说发生的一切时，声音都变了。

if news about an important event breaks, it becomes known

News of his resignation broke yesterday.

昨天传出了他辞职的消息。

The minister has refused to give any interviews since the scandal broke.

自从丑闻传出以后，部长就拒绝接受采访。

if you break unpleasant news to someone, you tell it to them

告诉〔某人不愉快的消息〕

I didn’t know how I was going to [break](bold) the [news](bold) to my mother.

我不知道该怎样把这个消息告诉母亲。

The doctor finally broke it to me that there was no cure.

医生最后终于和我明说，这个病没法治愈。

to stop doing something that you do regularly, especially something that you should not do

改掉某习惯〔尤指坏习惯〕

a new drug which helps smokers to break their habit

帮助吸烟者戒烟的一种新药

to do something even faster or even better than the previous best time, amount etc

an attempt to break the 10,000-metres world record

打破10,000米世界纪录的努力

to stop somewhere for a short time during a long journey

We decided to break our journey in Oxford.

我们决定中途在牛津停留。

to make someone very unhappy by ending a relationship with them or doing something that upsets them a lot

他离开我时，我的心都碎了。

It’ll break your father’s heart if you tell him you’re giving up college.

如果你告诉父亲你不上大学了，他会很伤心的。

The government has threatened to bring in the army to break the 10-month-old strike.

政府威胁要调派军队来结束这场历时十个月的罢工。

to end a relationship with a person or organization

The US has now broken all diplomatic links with the regime.

美国现已和这个政权断绝了所有外交关系。

Sometimes it is necessary to break family ties in order to protect the child.

Their teeth are sharp enough to break the skin.

它们牙齿锋利，足以咬破皮肤。

to finish the main or worst part of something

完成某事物的主要部分；攻克某事物的难关

I think we’ve broken the back of the job now.

我想我们现已把这工作最难的部分完成了。

to cost a lot of money, or more money than you have

A new hard drive doesn’t have to break the bank.

一个新的硬盘驱动器要不了多少钱。

to interrupt someone and stop them from being able to continue thinking or talking about something

The slightest sound would break his concentration.

稍有一点儿动静就会分散他的注意力。

to end a period of silence by talking or making a noise

The silence was broken by a loud scream.

to destroy someone’s feeling of determination

摧毁某人的意志，挫某人的锐气

The spirit of our soldiers will never be broken.

我们战士的意志永远不会被摧垮。

to take away someone’s position of power or control

At last the power of the Church had been broken.

最后，教会的权力被削弱了。

to make people feel more friendly and willing to talk to each other

Sam’s arrival broke the ice and people began to talk and laugh.

萨姆的到来打破了沉默，大家开始说笑起来。

to succeed in understanding something that is written in a secret way

Scientists worked day and night to break the code.

为了破译密码，科学家们日夜工作。

to allow gas to escape from your bottom, making a noise and an unpleasant smell

to win a game in tennis when your opponent is starting the game by hitting the ball first

〔网球中〕破掉（某人的）发球局

Hewitt broke serve twice in the second set.

休伊特在第二盘中两次破发。

used to wish someone luck, especially just before they perform on stage

祝你成功，祝你好运〔尤用于某人上台表演前〕