pack

[send sb packing](bold) at → [send](->send) sense 11

to put things into cases, bags etc ready for a trip somewhere

（把 …）打包；（把 …）装箱

我忘记把剃须刀放入行李包了。

Kelly packed her things before breakfast.

凯莉早饭前整理好了行装。

You’d better pack your bags. We’re leaving in an hour.

你最好把自己的行李收拾好，我们一小时后出发。

我要不要带点吃的东西大家一起野餐？

to put something into a box or other container, so that it can be moved, sold, or stored

把 …装盒[包装，装箱]

Now wild mushrooms are available all year, packed in handy 25 g boxes.

如今，野生蘑菇全年有售，是便捷的25克小盒装。

to go in large numbers into a space, or to make people or animals do this, until the space is too full

Fifty thousand fans packed into the stadium.

五万名球迷涌进了体育场。

The sheep had been packed into a truck and transported without food or water.

那些羊被塞入一辆卡车运走，不给吃也不给喝。

to cover or fill an object with soft material so that it does not get damaged

〔用柔软材料〕把 …裹[包]起来

Glass must be packed in several layers of paper.

to press snow, soil, sand etc down so that it becomes hard and firm

把〔雪、土壤、沙等〕压实［捣固］

to leave a place and not return, especially because of a disagreement

〔尤因意见不合〕永远离开

to have a very strong or impressive effect

The Spanish wine, with the flavour of honey, packed quite a punch.

那种蜂蜜味道的西班牙葡萄酒劲儿很大。


pack

something wrapped in paper or packed in a box and then sent by post or taken somewhere

Send away for your free [information pack](bold) today.

今天就来函索取免费资料包吧。

a small container, usually made of paper, that something is sold in

〔一般为纸质的装商品的〕小盒，小包

a bag that you carry on your back, especially when climbing or walking, used to carry equipment, clothes etc

a group of wild animals that hunt together, or a group of dogs trained to hunt together

a group of the same type of people, especially a group who you do not approve of

A pack of reporters were waiting outside.

be leading the pack/be ahead of the pack

to be more successful than the other people or companies you are competing against

something you are told that is completely untrue

Don’t believe what it says in the paper – it’s a pack of lies.

别相信报纸上说的——全是一派谎言。

a group of children who belong to a particular children’s organization

→ [Cub Scout](->Cub Scout) → [brownie](->brownie) → [Girl Scout](->Girl Scout)

a thick soft piece of cloth that you press on a wound to stop the flow of blood

〔压在伤口上止血用的〕敷布，裹布，绷带


package

something wrapped in paper, packed in a box, and then sent by mail or delivered

There’s a package here for a Miami Lakes address.

这里有一个寄往迈阿密湖的包裹。

the paper or plastic container that food or other goods are sold in

a set of ideas or services that are suggested or offered all together as a group

〔建议或提供的想法或服务的〕一套，一揽子

[package of measures/proposals/incentives etc](bold)

The government has announced a package of measures to assist affected areas.

政府宣布了一整套措施以帮助受影响地区。

Many banks are offering financial packages for students.

许多银行向学生提供各种助学金计划。

a set of related programs sold together for use on a computer


package

to put food or other goods into a bag, box etc ready to be sold or sent

把 …装箱，将 …包装好〔准备出售或寄出〕

The code informs us where and when a product was packaged.

这个代码告诉我们一件产品的包装地点和包装时间。

The videos were packaged up, ready for distribution.

这些录像带已经包装完毕，等待付运。

[Package](bold)  is usually passive in this meaning.

to prepare something for sale, especially by making it attractive or interesting to a particular group of people

〔尤为了增加某商品对某一群体的吸引力而〕包装

They try to package their product to give it mass appeal.

他们打算包装自己的产品以吸引大众。


packaging

the container or material that a product is sold in

包装盒[瓶，袋]；包装材料

the process of wrapping something for sale

a way of making something seem attractive and interesting to people


packed

containing a lot of a particular type of thing

充满某物的，有大量某物的

a new magazine packed with exciting recipes

一本收录大量诱人食谱的新杂志

if you are packed, you have put everything you need into cases ready to go somewhere

收拾好行李的，整装待发的

pressed, arranged etc closely or not closely together

紧密地/稀松地/密密地压[排列]在一起


packet

a container made of paper, plastic, or cardboard that something is sold in

〔装商品的〕小包，小盒，小袋

a small flat paper or plastic container that a liquid or powder is sold in

〔装有供出售的液体或粉末的〕小袋，小包

a small flat package that is sent by post or delivered to someone

Paul tore open the packet as soon as it arrived.

保罗一收到包裹就拆开了。

我敢打赌那辆车花了他一大笔钱。

a quantity of information that is sent as a single unit from one computer to another on a network or on the Internet


pact

a formal agreement between two groups, countries, or people, especially to help each other or to stop fighting

The two countries signed a non-aggression pact.

两国签署了互不侵犯条约。

a peace pact between the rebels and the government

叛军和政府之间的和平协议


pad

→ [launch pad](->launch pad) → [helicopter pad](->helicopter pad)

a thick flat object made of cloth or rubber, used to protect or clean something, or to make something more comfortable

Press on the wound with a large pad of cotton wool.

Use an abrasive pad for stubborn stains.

[knee/elbow/shin/shoulder pad](bold)(=a pad that you wear to protect a part of your body when you are playing a sport)

several sheets of paper fastened together, used for writing or drawing

手边准备一本电话记事簿和一支笔。

a piece of flat ground where small aircraft can land

The hospital has built a helicopter pad.

那家医院建了一块直升机停机坪。

the flesh on the bottom of the foot of a cat, dog etc

〔猫、狗等动物的〕肉掌，爪垫

someone’s apartment or the room where they live


pad

[past tense and past participle](italic) [padded](bold) [present participle](italic) [padding](bold)

The cat came padding silently back to its home.

那只猫悄无声息地回家来了。

(also: [pad (sth) out](bold) ([BrE](bold)) )

to fill or cover something with a soft material in order to protect it or make it more comfortable

给（某物）填充软物；用软物保护（某物）

jackets padded out with a soft cotton filling

to dishonestly make bills more expensive than they should be

[padding](bold) the [bills](bold) of Medicare patients

to make a speech or piece of writing longer by adding unnecessary words or details

〔用多余的话或细节〕拉长〔演讲、文章等〕，扩充〔某物〕的篇幅

Don’t pad out your answer to make it seem impressive.

不要夸夸其谈，显得你的回答很高明似的。

His autobiography is padded with boring anecdotes.

他的自传因为加了不少无聊的逸事而拉长了篇幅。


paddle

a short pole that is wide and flat at the end, used for moving a small boat in water

when you walk for pleasure without shoes or socks in water that is not very deep

If it’s not too cold, we can [go for a paddle](bold).

如果不太冷的话，我们可以蹚水玩玩。

a small round flat bat with a short handle, used for hitting the ball in table tennis

a tool like a flat spoon, used for mixing food


paddle

[past tense and past participle](italic) [paddled](bold) [present participle](italic) [paddling](bold)

to move a small light boat through water, using one or more paddles

I desperately tried to paddle for the shore.

She and her husband paddled a canoe down the Mississippi.

她和丈夫划着独木舟沿密西西比河顺流而下。

to walk for pleasure without shoes or socks in water that is not very deep

The dog was paddling furiously after the ducks.

那条狗在拼命刨水追赶鸭子。

to hit a child with a piece of wood as a punishment

用戒尺打〔孩子，作为惩罚〕

to do things yourself, without help from anyone else


page

Something is [on a page](bold) : I stared at the words on the page.

Something is [on the first/last/next etc page](bold) : The answer is on the next page.
Don’t say: [The answer is in the next page.](strike)

Something is [on page 1/10 etc](bold) : There is a diagram on page 35.
Don’t say: [There is a diagram on the page 35](strike) . [There is a diagram in page 35](strike) .

Her picture was on the front page of every newspaper.

(=the part of a newspaper that deals with sport, art etc)

There were a couple of blank pages at the back of the book.

Start each section of your essay on a new page.

I turned the page in order to find out what happened next.

flick/flip/leaf through the pages of sth

She was flicking through the pages of a magazine.

one side of a piece of paper in a book, newspaper, document etc, or the sheet of paper itself

〔书、报纸、文件等的〕页，面；〔纸的〕一张

The full address is given [on page](bold) 15.

You will find the answers [over the page](bold).

We took out a [full page advertisement](bold) in the ‘Village Voice’.

我们在《村声》上投放了一整版广告。

all the writing etc that you can see at one time on a computer screen

a [web page](bold)(=a single screen of writing, pictures etc on a website)

a student or young person who works as a helper to a member of the US Congress

if a group of people are on the same page, they are working well together and have the same aims

We need to get environmentalists and businesses on the same page to improve things.

我们需要使环境保护主义者和企业同心协力以改善状况。

a boy who served a knight during the Middle Ages as part of his training

〔中世纪以服侍骑士作为训练的〕学习骑士

a boy who in the past served a person of high rank

〔旧时地位较高者的〕男侍从

历史上的一页〔指某重要事件或时期〕


page

to call someone’s name out in a public place, especially using a loudspeaker, in order to find them

〔尤指用扩音器在公共场合〕呼叫

She hurried to the reception desk and asked the girl to page her husband.

她急忙跑到前台，请女服务员用广播呼叫她的丈夫。

to send a message to someone’s pager asking them to go somewhere or telephone someone

〔透过传呼机〕传呼〔某人〕

He was constantly being paged during meetings.

他开会时接二连三收到传呼。


pain

the feeling when part of your body hurts

a continuous pain, especially one that is not very bad. Most commonly used in compounds such as [headache](bold), [toothache](bold), and [backache](bold)

I felt an ache in my back after decorating all day.

a sudden slight pain that comes and then disappears quickly

When I bent down I felt a twinge in my back.

an uncomfortable feeling in your body, or a slight pain

The procedure takes five minutes and only causes slight discomfort.

a feeling of great pain, or a situation in which you feel a lot of pain

I was in agony by the time I got to the hospital.

It was agonyvery painfulgetting up out of bed.

continuous physical or mental pain, which makes someone very unhappy

I just wanted someone to put an end to my suffering.

Later that evening, the pain was really bad.

I woke up with a terrible pain in my side.

Ever since the accident, Mike’s suffered from severe back pain.

She felt a sharp pain in the back of her throat.

Rob felt fine, apart from a nagging pain in his left wrist.

(=pain that you suffer from for long periods of time)

Many of the elderly patients suffer chronic pain.

(=a severe pain that goes from one part of your body to another)

The shooting pains in her arms and legs slowly began to die away.

(=very severe, as if you have been burnt)

His elbow struck the side of the table, sending a searing pain through his arm.

Marcus heard a shot and felt a stabbing pain at the back of his ankle.

(=a pain that gets stronger and then weaker, in a steady continuous beat)

I’ve still got this throbbing pain in my leg.

Several of the hotel’s guests had persistent abdominal pain and diarrhoea.

(=felt by a woman at the time she is having a baby)

Becky was at work when labour pains began.

The dentist told me that I wouldn’t feel any pain.

Despite being in great pain, he managed to call for help.

She suffers from chronic pain in her legs.

The guards enjoyed inflicting pain on them.

Exercise can help to relieve lower back pain.

Animals caught in the trap experience great pain before they die.

(=say that you have a pain in a part of your body)

After we finished our run, Tom complained of pains in his chest.

If the pain gets any worse, see your doctor.

He lay still until the pain had subsided to a dull ache.

The pain comes and goes but it’s never too severe.

(=a drug or treatment that makes pain less severe)

These drugs offer effective pain relief for the very sick.

Everyone has a different pain threshold.

Everyone has a few aches and pains when they get older.

the feeling you have when part of your body hurts

〔肉体上的〕疼，痛，疼痛

→ [growing pains](->growing pains) sense 2

the feeling of unhappiness you have when you are sad, upset etc

the [pain and grief](bold) of bereavement

[cause (sb) pain/inflict pain on sb](bold)

She hated to say the words, for fear of causing pain.

她不愿说那些话，怕伤害了别人。

(also: [be a pain in the ass/arse/backside/butt](bold) (not polite) )

There were times when Joe could be a real pain in the neck.

It’s a pain, having to go upstairs to make the coffee every time.

每次都得上楼去煮咖啡，真讨厌。

(also: [take pains with/over sth](bold) )

to make a special effort to do something

把做某事当成自己的职责，认为是自己应做的事

He’s taken great pains to improve his image.

他煞费苦心要改善自己的形象。

to be especially careful to make sure people understand what you are saying or what you plan to do

小心翼翼地做某事〔以免别人误解〕

Roy was at pains to point out that English was the only exam he’d ever failed.

罗伊特地说明英语是他唯一曾经考试不及格的科目。

as a reward for something you worked to achieve – used especially when this is disappointing

作为辛劳的报酬〔尤指结果令人失望〕

I fetched the file, and all I [got for](bold) my [pains](bold) was a dirty look from Simon.

我去拿来了文件，而我得到的回报竟是西蒙厌恶的一瞥。

used to say that you can only achieve something, for example become fitter, by suffering or working hard

不劳无获；一分耕耘，一分收获

at the risk of being killed as punishment, if you do not obey

Communist activity was prohibited on pain of death.


pain

used to say that it is very difficult and upsetting for someone to have to do something

某人因不得不做某事而感到苦恼


painful

→ Do not use [painful](bold) to mean ‘feeling pain’[He didn’t feel much pain (NOT feel very painful) at first.](italic)

used for describing a part of the body that hurts

Her leg is still painful where she broke it.

She was suffering from painful stomach cramps.

The skin around the wound is very tender.

Her body was stiff from sitting in the car for so long.

painful as a result of a wound, infection, or too much exercise

The photograph brought back painful memories.

It must have been a painful experience for you.

It was just part of the painful process of growing up.

The US is in for a painful period of adjustment.

I made the painful decision to move far away from my family.

The violence is a painful reminder that many issues have not yet been resolved.

We won’t be able to keep the painful truth from the children.

Patients are encouraged to talk about their painful feelings.

if a part of your body is painful, it hurts

The neck becomes swollen and [painful to the touch](bold)(=hurts when you touch it).

脖子肿起来了，一碰就疼。

making you feel very upset, or very difficult and unpleasant for you

令人痛苦[难受]的；困难的，令人不快的

He sobbed as he recalled the painful memory.

回想起那段痛苦的往事，他啜泣起来。

Venice was a [painful reminder of](bold) her marriage.

威尼斯是个伤心地，让她回想起自己的婚姻。

He and his wife took the [painful decision](bold) to switch off their son’s life support machine.

他和妻子痛苦地决定切断儿子的生命维持器。

the long and [painful process](bold) of growing up

It can be painful to leave the house in which you were born.

离开自己出生时的房子会让人很难过。

Even hearing his name was painful to her.

甚至连听到他的名字都让她觉得痛苦。

他发现呼吸的时候很痛苦。

if someone’s behaviour or a performance is painful, it is so bad that it embarrasses people

[painful to watch/listen to/hear etc](bold)

It’s painful to watch her making the best of a terrible script.

看着她尽全力去演好那个蹩脚剧本，真是令人心痛。


painfully

very – used to emphasize a bad or harmful quality that someone or something has

非常地〔用于强调不好或有害的特性〕

我十几岁的时候非常害羞。

The road to peace is a painfully slow process.

和平之路是个很漫长的过程。

We are only too [painfully aware](bold) of the damage his actions have caused.

我们非常清楚他的行为所造成的损害。

It was painfully obvious he’d rather not see her again.

很显然，他不愿意再见到她。

all the knowledge that he had so painfully acquired


painkiller

a medicine which reduces or removes pain


painless

The train is a quick and painless way to travel.

火车是一种快捷轻松的旅行方式。

The interview was [relatively painless](bold).


painstaking

[painstakingly](bold) adv. eg: The old painting was painstakingly restored.

[adj](bold) <[usually before noun](bold)>

小心的；费尽心思的；精心的

The work had been done with painstaking attention to detail.

这项工作被一丝不苟地完成了。

Chris described in painstaking detail what had happened.

克里斯非常详细地描述了所发生的事情。


paint

He had spilt a can of paint on the floor.

There was a painting on one of the easels and a table with his brushes and tubes of paint.

(=a layer of paint that is put on something)

Walls usually need at least two coats of paint.

(=a layer of paint used to make something more attractive)

All she needed to do to the kitchen was give it a lick of paint.

I decided to use white paint throughout the house.

(=new – used especially about the smell of new paint)

The place smelled of fresh paint and new carpets.

(=starting to come off a surface because it is old)

She lived in a gloomy old building with peeling paint on the walls.

Clean the surface before applying the paint with a brush or roller.

(=send paint out from a container in a stream of very small drops)

Vandals had sprayed paint all over the walls.

We decided to strip the paint off the doors.

(=take most of the paint off a surface using a tool)

Scrape off any loose or flaking paint and rub the surface with sandpaper.

The paint was starting to peel off the window frame.

a liquid that you put on a surface, using a brush to make the surface a particular colour

Wet paint (=used as a warning on signs when something has just been painted)

The whole house could do with a fresh [coat of paint](bold).

整座房子该重新粉刷一次了。

[peeling/flaking paint](bold)(=old paint that is starting to come off the surface)

All this room needs is [a lick of paint](bold)(=paint used to make a place more attractive).

这个房间只要刷上点涂料就行。

tubes or dry blocks of a coloured substance, used for painting pictures


paint

[not be as black as you are painted](bold) at → [black](->black) 1 sense 10

（给 …）上油漆；（给 …）涂颜料

[paint sth (in) blue/red/green etc](bold)

Paint the walls in a contrasting colour.

The living room was painted in pastel shades of pink and blue.

起居室被漆成淡雅的粉色和蓝色。

to make a picture, design etc using paint

Turner is famous for painting landscapes.

[paint in oils/watercolours etc](bold)(=paint using a particular type of paint)

to put a coloured substance on part of your face or body to make it different or more attractive

〔用有颜色的材料〕涂，搽，擦

The children’s faces were painted to look like animals.

孩子们的脸被涂成动物的模样。

She’d painted her toenails with red nail polish.

她把红色指甲油涂在自己的脚指甲上。

to describe someone or something in a particular way

She’s often been painted as a tough businesswoman.

她经常被描述成商界女强人。

[paint a grim/rosy/gloomy picture of sb/sth](bold)

Dickens painted a grim picture of Victorian life.

狄更斯描绘了一幅暗淡的维多利亚时代生活图景。

The article [painted](bold) him [in a bad light](bold)(=described him in a way that made him seem bad).

to go out to bars, clubs etc to enjoy yourself

〔到酒吧、夜总会等处〕花天酒地，寻欢作乐


paintbrush

a brush for spreading paint on a surface


painter

Gerry’s ambition was to become a portrait painter.

格里的志向是成为一名肖像画家。

someone whose job is painting houses or other buildings


painting

a painted picture that you put on a wall for people to see

There was a large painting of his father on the wall.

墙上有一张他父亲的大幅肖像画。

Can you help me [hang](bold) this [painting](bold)(=put it on a wall)?

你帮我把这幅画挂起来好吗？

the act or skill of making a picture, using paints

the Cubist school of painting (=a particular style used by a group of people)

the work of covering a wall, house etc with paint

〔墙壁、房屋等的〕粉刷，上漆


pair

[plural](italic) pairs or [plural](italic) pair

an object that is made from two similar parts that are joined together

〔由连在一起的相似两部分构成的〕一副，一把，一条

[pair of trousers/scissors/glasses etc](bold)

two things of the same type that are used together

〔由两个一起使用的同类东西组成的〕一双，一对

She felt as if every pair of eyes in the room was on her.

她觉得似乎屋里的每一双眼睛都在注视自己。

We have five pairs of free tickets to give away.

我们有五套双人票要免费送出。

两个一组地，成对地，成双地

We [worked in pairs](bold) for the role-play exercise.

我们两个一组地进行角色扮演练习。

The leaves of the tree are arranged in pairs.

这种树的叶子是成对生长的。

two people who are standing or doing something together, or who have some type of connection with each other

〔一起做某事或相互关联的〕两个（人），一对

The pair are looking for sponsorship from local businesses.

两人正在寻求当地企业的赞助。

→ Do not use [pair](bold) to talk about a husband and wife (or two people in a similar relationship). Use [couple](bold)[They’re a nice couple (NOT pair).](italic)

used when you are angry or annoyed with two people

你们/他们两个〔用于生气或厌烦时〕

a male and a female animal that come together in order to breed

〔一起干活的〕两匹马，双套马

used to say that you are busy and cannot do any more than you are already doing

我只有一双手〔意指在忙着，干不了更多的工作〕

someone who helps you do something when you are busy

Having an extra pair of hands during busy periods can take the pressure off.

繁忙时段多一个帮手可以减轻压力。

someone you can trust and depend on because they are sensible – used especially in news reports

可靠的人〔尤用于新闻报道中〕

Colleagues regard him as a safe pair of hands.


pair

to put people or things into groups of two, or to form groups of two

（使）结成一对，（使）配成一对

We were each paired with a newcomer to help with training.

我们每个人都和一名新手组对，帮助他们训练。

[Pair](bold)  is usually passive in this meaning, when used as a transitive verb.

if animals pair, they come together in order to breed


palace

the official home of a person of very high rank, especially a king or queen – often used in names

王宫；宫殿；〔官位极高者的〕府邸〔常用于名称中〕

the people who live in a palace – used in news reports

住在王宫里的人；王室〔用于新闻报道中〕

The Palace has announced that the Duke and Duchess are to separate.

王室宣布公爵和公爵夫人即将分居。


pale

pastel colours have a lot of white in them

light in colour because of being washed many times or affected by the sun

having a skin colour that is very white, or whiter than it usually is

Sharon went [deathly pale](bold) and looked as if she might faint.

莎伦脸色变得惨白，好像要晕倒似的。

a pale colour has more white in it than usual

something that is similar to, but not as good as, something else

The cheese is a pale imitation of real Parmesan.

这种干酪是帕尔梅森干酪的仿制品，但味道要差一些。


pale

if your face pales, it becomes whiter than usual because you have had a shock

Kent’s face paled when he saw that Rob had a knife.

肯特看到罗布拿着把刀子，顿时面无血色。

to seem much less important when compared to something bigger, worse, more serious etc

The amounts of money involved pale into insignificance when compared with the sums spent each year on research.

涉及的金额与每年花在研究上的费用相比就是沧海一粟。

to seem small or unimportant compared to something else

相比之下微不足道，相形失色

Today’s economic problems pale in comparison with those of the 1930s.

如今的经济问题和20世纪30年代的相比是小巫见大巫。


pale

His opinions are entirely beyond the pale.

他的观点让人根本无法接受。


palm

[cross sb’s palm (with silver)](bold) at → [cross](->cross) 1 sense 18 [grease sb’s palm](bold) at → [grease](->grease) 2 sense 2

the inside surface of your hand, in which you hold things

He held the pebble [in the palm of his hand](bold).

他把那颗卵石握在手心里。

a tropical tree which grows near beaches or in deserts, with a long straight trunk and large pointed leaves at the top

to have a strong influence on someone, so that they do what you want them to do

把某人攥在手心里，完全操纵[控制]某人

to tell someone what is going to happen to them in the future by looking at the lines on their hand


palm

to hide something in the palm of your hand, especially when you are performing a magic trick or stealing something

〔尤指变戏法或偷东西时〕把 …藏在手心里[藏于手中]


pamphlet

a very thin book with paper covers, that gives information about something


pan

→ [warming pan](->warming pan) [a flash in the pan](bold) at → [flash](->flash) 2 sense 5

a round metal container that you use for cooking, usually with one long handle and a lid

〔长柄有盖的〕锅，平底锅

Cook the pasta in a large pan of boiling water.

把意大利面放在一大锅开水里煮。

a wide, usually round, open container with low sides, used for holding liquids

to be wasted or become useless or ruined

被浪费[糟蹋]；变得无用

The business is rapidly going down the pan.


pan

[past tense and past participle](italic) [panned](bold) [present participle](italic) [panning](bold)

to strongly criticize a film, play etc in a newspaper or on television or radio

〔在报纸、电视或广播上〕严厉批评〔电影、戏剧等〕

→see THESAURUS at [criticize](->criticize)

那部电影遭到了评论家的猛烈批评。

if a film or television camera pans in a particular direction, it moves in that direction and follows the thing that is being filmed

〔拍摄电影或电视时摄影机〕摇摄，摇动拍摄

The camera panned slowly across the crowd.

摄影机镜头慢慢扫过人群。

（使）〔摄影机〕摇摄，摇动拍摄

to wash soil in a metal container in order to separate gold from other substances


pancake

a thin flat round cake made from flour, milk, and eggs, that has been cooked in a flat pan and is eaten hot

very thick make-up for your face, that is worn especially by actors

〔尤为演员化妆用的〕粉底，粉饼


panel

In this meaning, [panel](bold)  is usually followed by a singular verb: The panel [has](bold) reached a decision.

In British English, you can also use a plural verb: The panel [have](bold) reached a decision.

a group of people with skills or specialist knowledge who have been chosen to give advice or opinions on a particular subject

〔由选定人员组成的〕专家咨询组

A panel of experts has looked at the proposal.

一组专家审核了那项提议。

There will be at least three senior doctors on the panel.

专家小组中至少有三名资深医生。

a group of well-known people who answer questions on a radio or television programme

〔由知名人士组成的在广播或电视节目中回答问题的〕专家嘉宾组

We have two senior politicians on our panel tonight.

今晚参加讨论的有两位资深政界人士。

a group of people who are chosen to listen to a case in a court of law and to decide the result

The panel spent 14 hours going over the evidence.

陪审团花了14个小时审查证据。

a flat piece of wood, glass etc with straight sides, which forms part of a door, wall, fence etc

〔门、墙、栅栏等的〕镶板，嵌板；窗玻璃片

There were a few panels missing from the fence.

栅栏上有几块板条不见了。

a piece of metal that forms part of the outer structure of a vehicle

One of the door panels was badly damaged and had to be replaced.

一块车门板严重损坏，必须更换。

a piece of material that forms part of a piece of clothing

a board in a car, plane, boat etc that has the controls on it

〔汽车、飞机、船等的〕仪表板/控制面板

a thin board with a picture painted on it


panic

When the shooting started, there was panic.

The innocent question threw her into a panic.

Suddenly, everything went dark and panic broke out.

Before panic could set in, she realised that the clock was fast.

Panic ensued as people ran out of the burning building.

(=starts to affect more people in more places)

Panic spread as news of the invasion reached Paris.

There was a big panic about the virus last year.

She quickly packed a bag, trying all the time to control her mounting panic.

Florrie exclaimed in sudden panic: ‘I’ve left my bag on the bus!’

There was a note of mild panic in her voice.

She was in a constant state of panic that he would carry out his threat.

She looked out to sea with a rising sense of panic.

(=a feeling of panic that you suddenly have)

He had had a panic attack in the street.

a sudden strong feeling of fear or nervousness that makes you unable to think clearly or behave sensibly

a feeling of [sheer panic](bold)(=complete panic)

She [got into a panic](bold) when she couldn’t find the tickets.

The whole nation is [in a state of panic](bold) following the attacks.

袭击过后整个国家一片恐慌。

She suffers from terrible [panic attacks](bold).

她时常会出现一阵极度慌乱之感。

a situation in which people are suddenly made very anxious, and make quick decisions without thinking carefully

the recent panic over the safety of baby milk

最近对婴儿奶粉安全性的恐慌

a situation in which you have a lot to do and not much time to do it in

the usual [last minute panic](bold) just before the deadline

a situation in which everyone is busy and anxious because something needs to be done urgently


panic

[past tense and past participle](italic) [panicked](bold) [present participle](italic) [panicking](bold)

to suddenly feel so frightened that you cannot think clearly or behave sensibly, or to make someone do this

（使）恐慌，（使）惊慌失措

He started to panic when he saw the gun.

[Don’t panic](bold)! We’ll soon get you out of there.

别慌！我们马上就把你从那儿弄出来。

The protests became more violent and many people were panicked into leaving the country.

抗议变得更加激烈，吓得许多人离开了那个国家。


pant

to breathe quickly with short noisy breaths, for example because you have been running or because it is very hot

He came in panting after running up the steps.

他跑上台阶，气喘吁吁地走了进来。

那条狗躺在门阶上喘着气。

她气喘吁吁地说:“我跑不动了。”


pants

[do sth by the seat of your pants](bold) at → [seat](->seat) 1 sense 10 [catch sb with their pants down](bold) at → [catch](->catch) 1 sense 6 [wear the pants/trousers](bold) at → [wear](->wear) 1 sense 7

a piece of clothing that covers you from your waist to your feet and has a separate part for each leg

She was wearing dark blue pants and a white sweater.

她穿着深蓝色长裤和白色毛衣。

a piece of underwear that covers the area between your waist and the top of your legs

to make someone feel very bored, very frightened etc

to defeat someone very easily in a game or competition

used to say that someone is just like everyone else

Go on, ask him for his autograph – he puts his pants on one leg at a time just like you do.

去吧，跟他要一个签名——他和你一样，没什么特别的。

（自从某人）还是小孩，未成年

I’ve known Eric since he was in short pants.

埃里克很小的时候我就认识他了。


pants

[adj](bold) <[not before noun](bold)> ([BrE](special)) [spoken](special) [informal](special)


paper

[put/set pen to paper](bold) at → [pen](->pen) 1 sense 3 → [waste paper](->waste paper)

Each recipe was written down on a separate sheet of paper.

He scribbled Pamela’s address on a scrap of paper.

(=many sheets of paper fixed together at one edge)

Chris took out a pad of paper and started writing.

(=good quality paper for writing letters)

Can you fetch me a piece of writing paper and a pen?

(=with nothing written or printed on it)

The package was wrapped in plain brown paper.

(=printed with horizontal lines, for writing)

He carefully removed the wrapping paper so it wouldn’t tear.

All the clothes were wrapped in tissue paper.

The envelopes are made from 100 percent recycled paper.

You could try putting an advert in the local paper.

The story had been in all the national papers.

Which of these daily papers do you usually read?

I only get a Sunday paper if I’ve got lots of spare time.

Ian usually buys an evening paper on his way home.

(=one with small pages, especially one without much serious news)

Don’t believe everything you read in the tabloid papers.

(=one with large pages, usually one containing serious news)

Tabloid newspapers are usually about half the size of a broadsheet paper.

Readers of quality papers, such as the Telegraph and the Guardian, are mainly employed in professional jobs.

material in the form of thin sheets that is used for writing on, wrapping things etc

I’ll get you a piece of paper so you can write the number down.

我给你找张纸，你好把号码写下来。

→see THESAURUS at [newspaper](->newspaper)

You’ll read about it in tomorrow’s papers.

你会在明天的报纸上看到的。

pieces of paper with writing on them that you use in your work, at meetings etc

〔工作、会议等上用的〕文件

I left some important papers in my briefcase.

我把一些重要文件落在公文包里了。

documents and letters concerning someone’s private or public life

〔有关私人生活或公众生活的〕文件，书信

While I was organizing Simon’s papers I came across his diaries.

我在整理西蒙的文件时发现了他的日记。

official documents such as your passport,identity card etc

证明；证件〔如护照、身份证等〕

My papers are all in order (=they are legal and correct).

我的证件全都是合法有效的。

→ [White Paper](->White Paper) → [green paper](->green paper) → [order paper](->order paper)

if you put ideas or information on paper, you write them down

You need to get some of these thoughts down on paper.

你得把这些想法中的一些写在纸上。

if something seems true on paper, it seems to be true as an idea, but may not be true in a real situation

It’s a nice idea on paper, but you’ll never get it to work.

理论上这是个好主意，但你永远无法付诸实践。

a set of printed questions used as an examination in a particular subject, and the answers people write

a piece of writing or a talk on a particular subject by someone who has made a study of it

（研究）论文；（学术）讲话

Professor Usborne [gave](bold) a [paper](bold) on recent developments in his field.

厄斯本教授就自己领域的新动态发表了讲话。

a piece of writing that is done as part of a course at school or university

〔作为学校课程作业的〕文章，论文

a report prepared by a government or committee on a question they have been considering or a proposal for changes in the law

We will publish a [discussion paper](bold) on the future of the BBC.

我们将发表一篇关于英国广播公司前景的讨论报告。

the 1998 White Paper on political reform

1998年政治改革白皮书

a [working paper](bold)(=a report that is not final) on funding the Health Service

关于为卫生服务系统提供资金的初步工作报告

paper for covering and decorating the walls of a room

stock
        s
       and shares  that can be bought and sold on a financial market

soft thin paper used for cleaning yourself after you have used the toilet

not worth the paper it is written on/printed on

if something such as a contract is not worth the paper it is written on, it has no value because whatever is promised in it will not happen

〔合同等〕毫无价值的，不会兑现的


paper

The brochure is available in electronic and paper versions.

这本小册子电子版和印刷版均有。

an expression meaning documents showing that you have passed particular examinations, used specially when you think that experience and knowledge are more important

纸质资历，证书〔尤用于认为经验及知识更重要时〕

Paper qualifications are no guide to ability.

证书绝不是衡量能力的准绳。

existing only as an idea but not having any real value

paper profits (=a record of the value of something, that is not real until the thing is sold)


paper

to decorate the walls of a room by covering them with special paper

to try to hide disagreements or difficulties

隐瞒[掩盖]分歧[困难]

We need to discuss disagreements honestly without papering over the cracks.

我们应该开诚布公地讨论分歧而不是遮遮掩掩。


paperback

Her first novel sold over 20,000 copies in paperback.

她第一部小说的平装本卖了两万多册。


paperwork

work such as writing letters or reports, which must be done but is not very interesting

Police work involves so much paperwork these days.

如今当警察也要做这么多文书工作。

the documents that you need for a business deal, a journey etc

〔商贸、旅行等所需的〕资料，文件

I’m leaving the solicitors to sort out the paperwork.

我准备让律师们去整理文件。


parachute

a piece of equipment fastened to the back of people who jump out of planes, which makes them fall slowly and safely to the ground


parachute

1968年，他们跳伞降落到越南境内。

to drop something from a plane with a parachute

Supplies have been parachuted into the area.


parade

→ [identification parade](->identification parade) → [hit parade](->hit parade)

a public celebration when musical bands, brightly decorated vehicles etc move down the street

a military ceremony in which soldiers stand or march together so that important people can examine them

on parade (=be standing or marching in a parade)

a line of people moving along so that other people can watch them

a series of people, events etc that seems to never end

一连串没完没了的人[事]

She had a constant parade of young men coming to visit her.


parade

to walk or march together to celebrate or protest about something

The marchers paraded peacefully through the capital.

游行队伍有秩序地列队穿过首都。

if you parade your skills, knowledge, possessions etc, you show them publicly in order to make people admire you

夸示，炫耀〔财产、知识等〕

Young athletes will get a chance to parade their skills.

年轻运动员将有机会一展身手。

to walk around, especially in a way that shows that you want people to notice and admire you

〔尤指炫耀地〕走来走去，招摇而过

A trio of girls in extremely tight shorts paraded up and down.

三个女孩穿着极紧身的短裤招摇过市。

if prisoners are paraded on television or through the streets, they are shown to the public, in order to prove that the people holding them are important or powerful

The prisoners were paraded in front of the TV cameras.

囚犯被带到电视镜头前曝光。

to proudly show something or someone to other people, because you want to look impressive to them

war medals paraded for public admiration

为供民众瞻仰而展示的战争勋章

if soldiers parade, or if an officer parades them, they march together so that an important person can watch them

if something parades as something else that is better, someone is pretending that it is the other better thing – used to show disapproval

冒充为某事物/被冒充为某事物〔含贬义〕

It’s just self-interest parading as concern for your welfare.

这貌似关心你的幸福，实则只是自私自利。


paradigm

[paradigmatic](bold) /ˌpærədɪɡˈmætɪk◂/  adj.

a model or example that shows how something works or is produced

〔展示工作原理或制作方法的〕模型，例子

a very clear or typical example of something

Pius XII remained the paradigm of what a pope should be.


paradise

→ [bird of paradise](->bird of paradise) [be living in a fool’s paradise](bold) at → [fool](->fool) 1 sense 9

a place or situation that is extremely pleasant, beautiful, or enjoyable

极乐（世界）；至美，至福

The hotel felt like paradise after two weeks of camping.

两个星期的野营之后，酒店让人感觉像是天堂。

A home near the sea is my idea of paradise.

靠近海边的家是我理想中的天堂。

a place that has everything you need for doing a particular activity

〔所需物一应俱全的〕乐园，乐土

这个市场是购物者的乐园。

in some religions, a perfect place where people are believed to go after they die, if they have led good lives

〔某些宗教中的〕天堂，天国

according to the Bible, the garden where the first humans, Adam and Eve, lived


paradox

[paradoxical](bold) /ˌpærəˈdɒksɪk/ US /-ˈdɑːk-/  adj.

a situation that seems strange because it involves two ideas or qualities that are very different

It’s a paradox that in such a rich country there can be so much poverty.

在如此富有的国家却有这么多的贫穷现象，真是矛盾。

a statement that seems impossible because it contains two opposing ideas that are both true

The paradox is that fishermen would catch more fish if they fished less.

悖论就是: 如果渔夫减少捕鱼，反而会打到更多的鱼。

the use of statements that are a paradox in writing or speech


paradoxically

in a way that is surprising because it is the opposite of what you would expect

Paradoxically, the prohibition of liquor caused an increase in alcoholism.

矛盾的是，禁酒反而导致酗酒的增加。


paragraph

part of a piece of writing which starts on a new line and contains at least one sentence


parallel

two lines, paths etc that are parallel to each other are the same distance apart along their whole length

She was travelling parallel to her previous route.

她现在的行进线路和先前的线路平行。

Take the road [running parallel](bold) to the main road just after the village.

过那个村子后走与主干道平行的路。

Social changes in Britain are matched by parallel trends in some other countries.

在英国发生社会变革的同时，其他国家也出现了相似的趋势。


parallel

a relationship or similarity between two things, especially things that exist or happen in different places or at different times

〔尤指不同地点或不同时间的两事物之间的〕联系，相似（之处）

Entering the world of fine art, she found many parallels with the world of fashion.

当她踏入美术界后，发现这里与时装界有许多共通之处。

There are many parallels between Yeats and the Romantic poets.

叶芝和浪漫主义诗人之间有很多相似之处。

books that attempt to [draw parallels](bold) between brains and computers

试图比较人脑和计算机相似处的书籍

together with and at the same time as something else

和某人/某物一起；和某人/某物同时

She wanted to pursue her own career in parallel with her husband’s.

在丈夫追求事业的同时，她也想追求自己的事业。

be greater, better, worse etc than anything else

没有可相比拟的事物；无可匹敌

The poverty of hill farmers had no parallel.

an imaginary line drawn on a map of the Earth, that is parallel to the equator


parallel

[past tense and past participle](italic) [paralleled](bold) [present participle](italic) [paralleling](bold) also [past tense and past participle](italic) [parallelled](bold) [present participle](italic) [parallelling](bold) ([BrE](bold))

if one thing parallels another, they happen at the same time or are similar, and seem to be related

与〔某事〕同时发生；与〔某事〕相似

The rise in greenhouse gases parallels the reduction in the ozone layer.

在温室气体增加的同时，臭氧层在变薄。

His career parallels that of his father.

他的事业轨迹和父亲的如出一辙。


parameter

a set of fixed limits that control the way that something should be done

The inquiry has to stay within the parameters laid down by Congress.

调查必须局限于国会设定的范围之内。


paramount

→see THESAURUS at [important](->important)

During a war the interests of the state are paramount, and those of the individual come last.

战争时期国家利益是首要的，个人利益置于最后。

Women’s role as mothers is [of paramount importance](bold) to society.

女性作为母亲的角色对社会至关重要。


paraphrase

to express in a shorter, clearer, or different way what someone has said or written

To paraphrase Finkelstein, mathematics is a language, like English.

芬克尔斯坦的意思是，数学是一门语言，就像英语一样。


paraphrase

a statement that expresses in a shorter, clearer, or different way what someone has said or written


parcel

[be part and parcel of sth](bold) at → [part](->part) 1 sense 28

an object that has been wrapped in paper or put in a special envelope, especially so that it can be sent by post

He sends regular food parcels to his family in Libya.

他定期给在利比亚的家人邮寄食品包裹。

an area of land that is part of a larger area which has been divided up

〔土地的〕一块，一片〔指已被分割的较大块土地的一部分〕

a small quantity of food that has been wrapped up, usually in pastry

食品的馅料〔通常指油酥点心中的馅料〕


parcel

[past tense and past participle](italic) [parcelled](bold) [present participle](italic) [parcelling](bold) ([BrE](bold)) [past tense and past participle](italic) [parceled](bold) [present participle](italic) [parceling](bold) ([AmE](bold))


pardon

also: [#pardon =me](bold)  [interjection](bold)

used when you want someone to repeat something because you did not hear it

嗯，啊〔表示未听清，请对方重复一遍〕

‘Hurry up Jonathan!’ ‘Pardon?’ ‘I said hurry up!’

“快点，乔纳森！” “你说什么啊？” “我说快点！”

used to say ‘sorry’ after you have made an impolite sound such as a burp

对不起，请原谅〔在发出打嗝等不礼貌的声音后的道歉语〕


pardon

to officially allow someone who has been found guilty of a crime to go free without being punished

The two spies were pardoned yesterday by the president.

那两名间谍昨天得到了总统的赦免。

He could never pardon her for the things she had said.

他永远不会原谅她说的话。

used to say that it is easy to understand why someone has done something or why they think something

Anyone reading the advertisement might be pardoned for thinking that the offer was genuine.

那些看了那则广告认为报价属实的人都情有可原。

used to say ‘sorry’ politely when you have accidentally pushed someone or interrupted them

对不起，请原谅〔无意中碰到某人或打断某人说话时的礼貌用语〕

Oh, pardon me, I didn’t mean to disturb you.

噢，对不起，我不是有意要打扰你。

used to say ‘sorry’ politely after you have made an impolite sound such as a burp

对不起，很抱歉〔在发出打嗝等不礼貌的声音后的礼貌用语〕

used before you politely correct someone or disagree with them

对不起，不好意思〔在纠正或不同意某人时的礼貌用语〕

James, if you’ll pardon me, you’ve got it all wrong.

詹姆斯，不好意思，你全都搞错了。

used to politely get someone’s attention in order to ask them a question

对不起，劳驾〔为提问而吸引别人注意力时的礼貌用语〕

Pardon me, can you direct me to City Hall?

劳驾，您能告诉我去市政厅怎么走吗？

pardon me for interrupting/asking/saying

used to politely ask if you can interrupt someone, ask them a question, or tell them something

Pardon me for saying so, but you don’t look well.

请原谅我这么说，不过你看上去气色不太好。

used when you want to say something which you think may make you seem not to know enough or not to be polite enough

Pardon my ignorance, but what does OPEC stand for?

请原谅我的无知，OPEC代表什么？

used when you are saying that you are sorry for using an impolite phrase

It was a bit of a cock-up, if you’ll pardon the expression.

这事搞得有点混乱，请原谅我这么说。

used humorously to say that you are sorry for using a swear word

请原谅我讲了无礼的话〔幽默用法〕

used when you are annoyed because you think someone has answered you angrily for no good reason

请原谅我活着让你受气了〔表示因别人无缘无故气冲冲地回答而感到恼火〕

‘Shut up, Callum!’ ‘Well, pardon me for breathing.’

“闭嘴，卡勒姆！” “请原谅我活着让你受气了。”


pardon

[I beg your pardon](bold) at → [beg](->beg) sense 4

an official order allowing someone who has been found guilty of a crime to go free without being punished

Tyler was convicted but was granted a [royal pardon](bold)(=one given by a king or queen).

泰勒被判有罪，但得到了王室赦免。

Walter begged her pardon for all the pain he had caused her.

沃尔特请求她原谅自己给她造成那么多痛苦。


parent

(=someone who has their children living with them, but no partner)

Most children are reared by their natural parents.

(=the ones who are biologically related to them)

Only half the children who are adopted wish to discover their birth parents.

I was thrilled to have found my real parents.

(=the people who take someone else's child into their home and legally become his or her parents)

Adoptive parents often have little practical preparation for parenthood.

(=someone who has other people's children living with them)

Teresa was removed from her mother's care and placed with foster parents.

the father or mother of a person or animal

〔人的〕父，母；〔动物的〕亲体，亲本

Children under 14 should be accompanied by a parent.

14岁以下儿童须由一位家长陪同。

那些蛋由两只亲鸟共同守护着。

Melissa’s spending the weekend at her parents’ house.

梅利莎正在父母家度周末。

→ [birth parent](->birth parent) [foster parents](bold) at → [foster](->foster) 2 sense 1 [lone parent](bold) at → [lone](->lone) sense 2 → [one-parent family](->one-parent family) → [single parent](->single parent)

something that produces other things of the same type

New shoots appear near the parent plant.

a company which owns a smaller company or organization


parent

to look after your child and help them to develop well and learn how to behave

We help people to parent their children more effectively.


parental

relating to being a parent and especially to being responsible for a child’s safety and development

Opening a new school will increase parental choice.

开办一所新学校将会扩大父母的选择范围。

Parental consent is required before the operation can take place.


parenthesis

→ [punctuation mark](->punctuation mark)

The figures in parentheses refer to page numbers.

圆括号内的数字表示页码。

if you say something in parenthesis, you say it while you are talking about something else in order to add information or explain something

In parenthesis, I should add that the results have not yet been proven.

插一句，我想补充的是这些结果还未得到证实。


park

→ [amusement park](->amusement park) → [ball park](->ball park) sense 1 → [car park](->car park) → [national park](->national park) → [safari park](->safari park) → [science park](->science park) → [theme park](->theme park) → [trailer park](->trailer park)

a large open area with grass and trees, especially in a town, where people can walk, play games etc

一套可以俯瞰海德公园的公寓

a large area of land in the country which has been kept in its natural state to protect the plants and animals there

a large enclosed area of land, with grass and trees, around a big house in the countryside

〔乡村大宅周围的〕庭园，园林

the field where a game of football or rugby is played

He was easily the best player on the park.

无疑他是绿茵场上的最佳球员。

the field where a game of baseball is played


park

to put a car or other vehicle in a particular place for a period of time

You can’t park here – it’s private property.

不能把车停在这里——这是私人宅邸。

她把车停在了私人车道上。

to put something in a particular place for a period of time, especially in a way that annoys someone

把〔某物〕放在〔某处，尤以令人不快的做法〕

他把一大摞文件放在我桌上。

to sit down in a particular place, especially with the intention of staying a long time

坐在某处〔尤指打算待上一段时间〕


parking

a space in a street, car park etc where a car can be left

a building for keeping a car in, usually next to or attached to a house

a building near or under a public place where cars can be parked

a building with many levels where cars can be parked

a shelter for a car which has a roof but no sides

the hard area between your house or garage and the street. on which you can leave a car

the act of parking a car or other vehicle

I couldn’t find a parking space near the shops.

我在商店附近找不到停车位。

spaces in which you can leave a car or other vehicle


parliament

In meanings 1 and 2, [parliament](bold)  is usually followed by a singular verb: Parliament [has](bold) been unable to agree.

In British English, you can also use a plural verb: Parliament [have](bold) been unable to agree.

Ms Jackson stood for Parliament as a Labour candidate.

Tony Blair first entered Parliament in 1983.

Creevey was returned to Parliament as MP for Appleby.

The bill was passed by Parliament last May.

(=it goes through the process of being made a law)

The bill is currently going through Parliament.

The Bill goes before Parliament on November 16.

(=officially end parliament before holding an election)

The prime minister will ask the Queen to dissolve Parliament and call an election.

He was the Conservative member of Parliament for Edgbaston.

(=a law that has been passed by parliament)

Their rights are guaranteed by Act of Parliament.

If Morgan resigns his seat in Parliament, there will be a bye-election.

The Queen opened a new session of Parliament last week.

(=from when a government is elected until it calls an election)

We shall not make changes in this area, at least in the lifetime of this Parliament.

the group of people who are elected to make a country’s laws and discuss important national affairs

They demanded a free parliament and press.

the main law-making institution in the UK, which consists of the House of Commons and the House of Lords

〔英国〕议会〔由上议院和下议院组成〕

The government has actually increased its majority in Parliament.

政府事实上增加了它在议会中的多数席位。

the period during which the British Parliament meets

We expect to get these laws passed during the present parliament.

我们期望这些法律能在本届议会通过。


parliamentary

议会的，国会的；由议会[国会]支配的

the world’s oldest parliamentary democracy


parody

a piece of writing, music etc or an action that copies someone or something in an amusing way

〔文章、音乐等的〕滑稽模仿作品

一出对古典舞蹈精彩有趣的模仿作品

He swung the door wide open in a parody of welcome.

他一下子把门大开，夸张地表示欢迎。

Her performance contains a strong element of [self-parody](bold)(=when someone makes fun of their own style).

她的表演包含了强烈的自嘲元素。

something that is not a correct or acceptable example of something

Although his comment was a parody of the truth, Diana was upset by it.

虽然他的话未能全然还原事实，却还是让黛安娜很不安。

The trial was a [parody of justice](bold)(=very unfair).

这场审判是对正义的嘲弄。


parody

[past tense and past participle](italic) [parodied](bold) [present participle](italic) [parodying](bold) [third person singular](italic) [parodies](bold)

to copy someone or something in a way that makes people laugh

他的风格经常被人滑稽地模仿。


parrot

[sick as a parrot](bold) at → [sick](->sick) 1 sense 10

a tropical bird with a curved beak and brightly coloured feathers that can be taught to copy human speech

if you learn something parrot fashion, you repeat what someone has just said without understanding it

我们鹦鹉学舌般机械地背诵诗歌。


parrot

to repeat someone else’s words or ideas without really understanding what you are saying – used to show disapproval

不假思索[不明就里]地重复，鹦鹉学舌般重复〔含贬义〕

他只是机械地重复父亲的观点。


part

something that together with other things forms a whole

one of several different parts that you join together to make something

One of the pieces of the jigsaw puzzle was missing.

The company supplies engine components for trucks.

Education is a major component in a child’s growth and development.

a part of something that is clearly different and separate from other parts

one of the numbered parts that a book is divided into

The opening chapter of the book sets the scene.

one of the parts that a film or play is divided into

Some scenes had to be cut because they were too violent.

a part of a story on the television or the radio, which is told in separate parts

The school dates from the early part of the nineteenth century.

In the first part of the book he describes his childhood.

(=the part towards the end of a period of time )

in the later part of the twentieth century

(=the second half rather than the first)

The festival lasts for ten days during the latter part of May.

We had reached the last part of our journey.

The worst part was having to work even when it was raining.

Deciding what you’re going to cook is the easy part.

Fresh fruit is an important part of our diet.

(=an extremely important and necessary part )

A ceasefire in the region is an essential part of any peace process.

These workshops are an integral part of the course.

Public transport varied between different parts of the country.

He had access to all parts of the factory.

The body is a complex thing with many constituent parts.

There are wars going on in many parts of the world.

He sometimes went to visit friends in other parts of the country.

The cancer may spread to other parts of the body.

The questionnaire is in two parts: part one asks for your personal details and part two asks for your comments on the course.

She plays the part of an ageing beauty queen.

(=agree to play a part that you have been offered)

When I was offered the part of the prince, I decided to take it.

I was thrilled when I was told I’d got the part.

She felt the studio hadn’t given her enough big parts.

Every time we do a play, the boys get all the good parts.

Taking the lead part of Annie will be 11-year-old Zoe Jones.

(=one in which you have some words to say)

I had hoped to be given a speaking part.

(=a small part in which you do not have any words to say)

She had had walk-on parts in a couple of soap operas.

a piece or feature of something such as an object, area, event, or period of time

In parts of Canada, French is the first language.

在加拿大的部分地区，法语是第一语言。

The cost of living is becoming unbearable for retired people in our [part of the world](bold)(=where we live).

在我们这里，生活费用已经高得让退休人士难以承受了。

More heat is lost through the head than any other [part of the body](bold).

头部散发的热量比身体其他部位都要多。

The best part of the holiday was the food.

假期里最开心的事是吃东西。

You can see the final part of that series on Tuesday.

星期二你能看到那部连续剧的大结局。

I shall be explaining this further in Part Two.

这个我会在第二部分做进一步解释。

Getting Dad to agree will be the hard part.

[different parts/all parts of sth](bold)

The jobs attracted people from all parts of the world.

那些工作吸引了世界各地的人。

the traditions that are an integral part of Jewish life

和犹太人生活息息相关的传统

这部电影有些片段非常暴力。

one of the separate pieces that something such as a machine or piece of equipment is made of

〔机器、设备等的〕零件，部件

Lay all the parts out before you start assembling the model.

开始组装模型之前把所有的零件都摆放出来。

[spare parts](bold)(=kept for when a part breaks, needs replacing etc)

some, but not all, of a particular thing

Part of the money will be spent on a new playground.

部分钱款将用于建造新操场。

Part of the castle was destroyed by fire.

这个城堡的一部分毁于火灾。

For part of the day, you will be outside doing practical work.

你们每天将有一部分时间在户外实际操作。

Part of me hates him (=I partly hate him).

[(only) part of the story/problem/explanation etc](bold)

Poor working conditions are only part of the problem.

恶劣的工作条件仅仅是问题的一方面。

→ Don’t say ‘(the) most part of’. Say [most of](bold)[We spent most of (NOT most part of) the morning shopping.](italic)

if something or someone plays a part in something else, they are involved in it

Health education will play a part in preparing us for old age.

健康教育将为我们进入老年生活做好一定准备。

Britain should [play its full part](bold) in the negotiations.

英国应全力参与这些谈判。

[play a big/important part in sth](bold)

Pictures play an important part in publishing.

图片在出版业中起到重要作用。

to have a particular job or be responsible for something

The church used to have a more important part to play in the community.

to be involved in an activity, sport, event etc with other people

About 400 students took part in the protest.

约有400名学生参加了抗议活动。

She wanted to take part but she was too ill.

她想参加，但她病得太厉害了。

At college I took an active part in student politics.

在大学里我积极参与学生政治活动。

→ Don’t say ‘take a part in’ something. Say [take part in](bold) something.

There was a plan to change the production style, and he wanted no part of it.

有计划要改变生产方式，他不想参与其中。

某事物的绝大部分/大部分

A large part of the budget will be spent on advertising.

一大部分预算将花费在广告上。

They controlled the greater part of North Africa.

他们控制了北非的大部分地区。

His reluctance to help could, in part, be explained by his poor eyesight.

他不愿意帮忙，在某种程度上可能是由于他视力不好。

多半，在很大程度上；在大多数地方

Success was due in large part to good teamwork.

成功在很大程度上归因于良好的团队合作。

大多数时候他工作很有耐心。

Falling over is part of learning how to ski.

If you decide to work for our organisation, you will be part of a great team.

如果你决定为我们机构工作，你将成为我们优秀团队中的一员。

to be one of the things that make up something larger or more important

Practical work [forms an integral part of](bold) the course.

实习是这门课必不可少的一部分。

the words and actions of a particular character in a play or film

〔角色的〕台词和动作；角色

Could someone [take the part of](bold) Romeo, please?

Katharine’s [playing the part of](bold) Mary in the school play.

凯瑟琳在学校的话剧中扮演玛丽一角。

the music that one type of instrument or voice within a group plays or sings

〔乐器或声音的〕部，声部，音部

那个合唱队用四部和声演唱。

used to say how much of each substance there is or should be in a mixture

Prepare the glue with one [part](bold) powder [to](bold) three [parts](bold) water.

用一份粉和三份水来配制糨糊。

The sulphur dioxide level in the air was 32 parts per billion.

to look like a typical person of a particular type

In his smart suit, he certainly looked the part.

穿着考究的西装，他看上去真像那么回事。

to perform well and seem likely to be successful – used in sports reports

崭露头角〔用于体育报道中〕

He’s beginning to look the part on the soccer field.

他开始在足球场上崭露头角。

She’s got a new high-powered job, and she’s certainly dressing the part.

她找到一份位高权重的新工作，当然穿得符合自己的身份。

what a particular person did in an activity that was shared by several people, especially something bad

某人在某事中的参与〔尤指不好的事〕

He was imprisoned for six years for his part in the murder.

他因参与谋杀而被监禁了六年。

We don’t get many tourists in these parts.

我们这一带没有多少游客。

to support someone in a quarrel or argument

〔在争论中〕站在某人这边

Dad always takes my brother’s part when we argue.

我和弟弟争吵的时候，爸爸总是站在弟弟那一边。

used when saying what a particular person thinks or does, as opposed to other people

For my part, I prefer living in the country.

就我而言，我宁愿住在乡下。

used when describing a particular person’s feelings or actions

某人所感觉[做]的；就某人而言

It was probably just a mistake on her part.

这可能只是她的一个失误。

There has never been any jealousy on my part.

to accept jokes or criticism about you without being upset

对某事一笑置之，对某事物并不见怪

Working irregular hours is all part and parcel of being a journalist.

工作时间无规律是记者这一行的基本特征。

to have been in a place for so long that people no longer notice you

习以为常的人[物]，久在某处故不被人注意的人[物]

someone who is able to do many different things

He was a man of many parts: writer, literary critic and historian.

他是个多面手: 既是作家，又是文学评论家和历史学家。


part

to move the two sides of something apart, or to move apart, making a space in the middle

When he parted the curtains, the sunlight flooded into the room.

他拉开窗帘，阳光洒进屋内。

Ralph’s lips parted in a delighted smile.

to separate from someone, or end a relationship with them

They were hardly ever parted in 30 years of marriage.

结婚30年，他们几乎从没有分开过。

He hates being parted from the children.

to go in different directions after having gone in the same direction

The two women parted company outside their rooms.

那两名女子在各自的房间外分手告别。

George parted company with the band in 1996.

乔治于1996年脱离了乐队。

to disagree with someone about something

（和某人）意见不合，（和某人）有分歧

He parted company with Lloyd George over post-war diplomacy.

他和劳合·乔治在战后外交问题上意见不合。

if you part your hair, you comb some of your hair in one direction and the rest in the other direction

〔用梳子〕给〔头发〕分缝


part

if something is part one thing, part another, it consists of both of those things

部分是某物，部分是某物；既有某物，又有某物

The exams are part written, part practical.

这次考试既有笔试，又考实际操作。

The room is part sitting room, part bedroom.

这个房间既是起居室，又是卧室。

The project is part funded by the council.

这个项目部分由地方议会出资。

The object was part hidden by the grass.


part

payment of only a part of something, not all of it

someone who is one of the people who own something


partial

The exhibition was only a partial success.

那次展会只获得部分成功。

a partial solution to traffic congestion in Oxford

部分解决牛津地区交通拥堵问题的方法

unfairly supporting one person or one group against another

偏向一方的，偏袒的，不公平的


partially

The operation was only partially successful.

Remember that you are partially responsible for their unhappiness.

记住，你对他们的不幸负有部分责任。


participant

pɑːˈtɪsəpənt

someone who is taking part in an activity or event

an [active participant](bold) in the negotiations


participate

pɑːˈtɪsəpeɪt

to do an activity together with other people

He always participates in classroom activities.

The people should have the right to participate in discussions about their future.

There are many ways people can participate in sports.

to participate in something. [Take part](bold) is less formal that [participate](bold) and is more common in everyday English

Nearly 500 teams took part in the competition.

She was asked to take part in a TV debate on drugs.

to take part in something in a useful way

Everyone can play a part in improving the security of their neighborhood.

Schneider played a key role in getting the organization started.

He has denied being involved in the murder.

It was a big project and many people were involved.

to actively take part in the work of an organization such as a political group or church

He is very active in the church’s work with homeless people.

Athletes from all over the world will be competing.

She’s hoping to compete in the Olympic Games.

Everyone in the class is expected to [participate actively](bold) in these discussions.

全班同学都应该积极参与这些讨论。

They welcomed the opportunity to [participate fully](bold) in the life of the village.

他们很高兴有这个机会充分参与到该村的生活中去。

→
        [Participate](bold) is never followed immediately by a noun, or by ‘on’ or ‘to’. Say that you [participate in](bold) something[More people should participate in elections (NOT More people should participate elections).](italic)

In everyday English, people usually say [take part ](bold)  rather than [participate](bold) :

She refused to [take part in](bold) any of the activities.


participation

pɑːˌtɪsəˈpeɪʃən

the act of taking part in an activity or event

We want more participation in the decision-making.

entertainment with plenty of [audience participation](bold)

有许多观众参与的娱乐活动


participle

ˈpɑːtəsɪpəl, pɑːˈtɪsəpəl

one of the forms of a verb that are used to make tenses. In English,present participles end in -ing and past participles usually end in -ed or -en.


particle

There’s not a particle of truth in what he says.

他说的话没有半点是真的。

one of the very small pieces of matter that an atom consists of

an adverb or preposition that can combine with a verb to form a phrasal verb

〔与动词构成短语动词的〕小品词，虚词


particular

a particular thing or person is the one that you are talking about, and not any other

In this particular case, no one else was involved.

这件事没有其他人牵涉其中。

Most students choose one particular area for research.

大多数学生选择一个特定领域进行研究。

特殊的，特别的；不寻常的

You should pay particular attention to spelling.

For [no particular reason](bold), he quit the job.

没有什么特别原因他就辞了工作。

[of particular interest/concern/importance etc](bold)

Of particular concern is the rising cost of transportation.

特别令人担忧的是交通成本日益上升。

very careful about choosing exactly what you like and not easily satisfied

讲究的；挑剔的，吹毛求疵的


particular

It was a good concert – I enjoyed the last song in particular.

那是一场不错的音乐会——我尤其喜欢最后那首歌。

Was there anything in particular that you wanted to talk about?

[nothing/no one/nowhere in particular](bold)

‘What did you want?’ ‘Oh, nothing in particular.’

“你想要什么？” “噢，没什么特别想要的。”

the facts and details about a job, property, legal case etc

You may be required to [give particulars](bold) of the change in your financial position.

你可能会被要求详细说明你财务状况的变化。

For [further particulars](bold), contact the College secretary.

欲了解详情，请与学院秘书联系。

Send your particulars (=details such as your name, address, profession etc) to the address above.

请将个人资料寄往上述地址。

The documents were identical in almost every particular.

这些文件几乎在每个细节上都是完全一样的。


particularly

Steve was in a particularly bad mood when he got back.

史蒂夫回来时情绪特别不好。

The restaurant is particularly popular with young people.

那家餐厅尤其受到年轻人的欢迎。

We are hoping to expand our business, particularly in Europe.

我们希望扩大业务，尤其是在欧洲。

British farmers, particularly those producing lamb, are very worried.

英国农场主，尤其是那些养殖羔羊的，非常担忧。

I’m not particularly impressed with their performance.

‘Do you want to come to the party?’ ‘Not particularly.’

“你想来参加聚会吗？” “不是特别想。”


partly

The poor weather was [partly responsible](bold) for the crash.

天气不好是造成坠机事故的部分原因。

The company’s problems are [partly due to](bold) bad management.

那家公司的问题部分是由于管理不善造成的。

It is [partly because of](bold) her sick mother that she hasn’t taken the job abroad.

她没有接受那份去国外的工作，部分原因是母亲病了。

The group is funded partly by the government.

那个团体的部分资金由政府提供。


partner

→ [sparring partner](->sparring partner)

one of two people who are married, or who live together and have a sexual relationship

配偶；〔同居的〕伴侣，情人

Only 29% of lone parents receive financial support from their [former partners](bold).

她是一家律师事务所的合伙人。

→ [sleeping partner](->sleeping partner)

someone you do a particular activity with, for example dancing or playing a game against two other people

[Take](bold) your [partners](bold) for the next dance.

a country or organization that another country or organization has an agreement with

Nigeria is our principal [trading partner](bold) in Africa.

尼日利亚是我们在非洲的主要贸易伙伴。

The group is a [junior partner](bold)(=less important group) in the PLO’s governing coalition.

该团体是巴勒斯坦解放组织执政联盟中的一个小派别。

two people who have planned and done something together, especially something that slightly annoys other people – used humorously

〔尤指恶作剧的〕同伙，共犯〔幽默用法〕


partner

to be someone’s partner in a dance, game etc

〔在跳舞、游戏等中〕做 …的搭档[同伴]

I used to partner him in tennis matches.

我过去常在网球比赛中与他搭档。


partnership

They formed a partnership solely to enter the competition.

He has forged a highly successful partnership with the Dublin singer Frances Black.

Developing international partnerships is vital to our continued success.

Theirs is one of the most fruitful working partnerships in modern science.

The two companies have built up a close partnership over the past four years.

The agency tries to forge effective partnerships with communities and private businesses.

We are looking forward to a successful partnership.

It’s a good partnership and we think it’s going to get better.

They regard marriage as an equal partnership.

the state of being a partner in business

〔生意中的〕合伙（关系）

[be/work in partnership (with sb)](bold)

I’ve been in partnership with her for five years.

我和她合伙已经有五年了。

She’s [gone into partnership with](bold) two local doctors.

她已和当地的两名医生合伙开业。

It’s one of the most [successful partnerships](bold) in the country.

它是该国最成功的合伙企业之一。

a relationship between two people, organizations, or countries

〔两个人、组织或国家之间的〕合作关系，伙伴关系

Several youth charities have [formed](bold) a [partnership](bold) to help these homeless teenagers.

为帮助这些无家可归的少年，一些青年慈善团体建立了合作关系。

The [close partnership](bold) between Britain and the US will continue.

英国和美国将继续保持亲密的伙伴关系。


part of speech

one of the types into which words are divided in grammar according to their use, such as noun, verb, or adjective


part-time

[part-time](bold) adv. eg: She wants to [work part-time](bold) after she’s had the baby.

someone who has a part-time job works for only part of each day or week

〔工作〕部分时间的，兼职的

women wishing to return to work [on a part-time basis](bold)

希望以兼职形式重返职场的女性


party

a social event when a lot of people meet together to enjoy themselves by eating, drinking, dancing etc

We’re having a party for Sarah’s 40th birthday.

Christmas is the perfect time for a family get-together.

a large party which is held outside or in an empty building, where people dance to music and take illegal drugs

a large formal party, especially one after a wedding or to welcome an important person

The wedding reception is at a nearby hotel.

a reception for the Thai Foreign Minister

They attended a White House reception to mark the Queen’s visit.

He has been asked to play at many corporate functionsan official party held by a company.

a party or special event that is organized in order to celebrate something

the country’s 50th anniversary celebrations

It was a 21st birthday celebration which Mary would never forget.

a party, especially a big one that a lot of famous people go to – used especially in journalism

We’re having a do to celebrate Margaret’s birthday.

a party where people are invited to someone’s house for an evening meal

a party that you have when you move into a new house

a party that people go to in order to talk and have a drink together for a few hours

a party where people dress in special clothes, for example to look like a famous person or a character in a story

a social event just before a wedding, for a woman who is getting married and her female friends

a social event just before a wedding, for a man who is getting married and his male friends

an event at which people give presents to a woman who is going to have a baby or get married

Staff threw a party to celebrate the news.

The party was hosted by the Danish ambassador.

About 500 people will attend a party in her honour.

I’ve been invited to Greg’s party next weekend.

(=go to it even though you have not been invited)

Some older boys tried to gatecrash the party.

(=people at a party are having a good time talking, dancing etc)

At 3 am, the party was still in full swing.

Somewhere near the hotel there was a party going on.

The party broke up a little after midnight.

They met at her sister’s 18th birthday party.

I hope you’re going to the office Christmas party.

I don’t really like going to big parties.

(=one where people are invited to someone’s house for an evening meal)

It’s a favorite topic of conversation at fashionable dinner parties these days.

(=a fairly formal party, at which alcoholic drinks are served)

I first met him at a cocktail party at the American embassy.

(=one where people wear unusual clothes, for example so they look like someone from a story)

She went to the fancy dress party as Snow White.

I danced with my boss at the office party.

Amy has planned a surprise party for his birthday.

You didn’t come to Ken’s farewell party, did you?

Thousands flocked to the street party on Princess Street to celebrate New Year.

(=one where a lot of money has been spent)

He threw lavish parties for his celebrity friends.

(=the way people feel when they are really enjoying a party)

There’ll be plenty of free champagne to get the party spirit going.

Kate wasn’t really in a party mood, so she stayed home.

The children had great fun playing party games.

The little girls were wearing white party dresses.

The Labour Party and the Conservative Party are the two main political parties in Britain.

The leadership race within the Republican Party is almost over.

The tax increase was criticized by opposition parties.

The ruling party’s level of support grew throughout the year.

Support for the right-wing parties was strongest among young working-class men.

He’s been a Conservative party member for 20 years.

(=someone who represents a political party in an election)

The seat was won by the Socialist Party candidate with 68% of the vote.

His policies appeal to the party faithful.

Campaign literature is distributed by unpaid party activists.

(=a political party’s official plan or position on important subjects)

There has been a change in party policy.

He will give a speech at the Tory party conference this morning.

He resigned as Conservative party chairman.

The incident has angered senior party officials.

Do you think the Labour Party can win the next election?

Bloomfield joined the Communist Party in 1946.

The two politicians broke away from the PDF to form a new political party.

From 1945 until 1951 the Labour Party was in power in Britain.

The ruling party came to power in May 2001.

We’re [having](bold) a small [party](bold) this evening to celebrate our wedding anniversary.

我们今晚有个小聚会，庆祝我们的结婚纪念日。

The university threw a party to welcome them.

大学举办联欢会欢迎他们。

I met John at a party a couple of months ago.

几个月前我在一次聚会上遇到了约翰。

the [party spirit](bold)(=the way someone feels when they are really enjoying a party)

→ [hen party](->hen party) → [house party](->house party) → [stag party](->stag party) → [party animal](->party animal)

a political organization with particular beliefs and aims, which you can vote for in elections

→see THESAURUS at [organization](->organization)

I have always voted for the Labour Party.

He failed to win the party’s nomination for president.

他未能获得党内总统候选人提名。

The conference is open to all party members.

此次会议向全体党员开放。

a group of people who go somewhere together or do a job together

〔同去某地或同做某事的〕一组，一队，一群

There were several students in our party.

A [search party](bold) was sent out to look for the missing climbers.

一支搜救队被派去寻找失踪的登山者。

Admission is free for [school parties](bold).

In meanings 2 and 3, [party](bold)  is usually followed by a singular verb: The party [has](bold) accepted the need for change.

In British English, you can also use a plural verb: The party [ have](bold) accepted the need for change.

one of the people or groups who are involved in a legal argument or agreement

〔法律争议或协议的〕一方

helping the two parties to reach an agreement

He sees himself as the innocent party in this dispute.

他认为自己在这场纠纷中是无过错方。

to be involved in an activity or decision


party

[past tense and past participle](italic) [partied](bold) [present participle](italic) [partying](bold) [third person singular](italic) [parties](bold)

to enjoy yourself with a group of other people by drinking alcohol, eating, dancing etc

〔通过饮酒、吃饭、跳舞等〕取乐，玩乐


pass

pass around
pass as
pass away
pass by
pass down
pass for
pass off
pass on
pass out
pass over
pass up

[pass muster](bold) at → [muster](->muster) 2 sense 1 [pass the buck](bold) at → [buck](->buck) 1 sense 3

to come up to a particular place, person, or object and go past them

他经过时对我微笑了一下。

We passed a group of students outside the theatre.

我们在戏院外从一群学生身旁经过。

I pass the sports centre on the way to work.

我上班的路上经过体育中心。

to go or travel along or through a place

He passed along the corridor to a small room at the back of the building.

他穿过走廊来到大楼后面的一个小房间。

We passed through the gates into a courtyard behind.

我们穿过大门进了后面的院子。

We were [just passing through](bold)(=travelling through a place) and thought we’d drop in to see you.

我们正好经过，于是就想到顺便来看看你。

to put something around, through, or across something else

He passed the rope carefully around the post.

他把绳子小心地绕在柱子上。

a road, river, or railway line that passes a place goes through or near the place

The road [passes](bold) right [through](bold) the town centre.

The main railway line passes just north of Manchester.

那条铁路干线正好经过曼彻斯特北面。

to hold something in your hand and give it to someone else

能把你脚边的那个包递给我吗？

She passed a cup of tea to the headmaster.

to give information or a job to another person so that they can deal with it

把〔信息或工作〕转给某人〔以便处理〕

I’ll pass the information on to our sales department.

我会把信息转给我们的销售部。

They’ve passed the enquiry over to the police.

他们把调查事宜转给了警方处理。

In everyday English, people usually say that they [spend](bold)  time doing something rather than [pass](bold)  time:

I [spent](bold) the whole day watching TV.

She became more ambitious as the years passed.

一年年过去，她变得愈加雄心勃勃。

They sat in silence while the minutes passed.

时间一分一秒地过去，他们坐着沉默不语。

[Hardly a day passes without](bold) more bad news about the economy (=there is bad news almost every day).

几乎没有哪一天不传出经济方面的坏消息。

if you pass time or pass your life in a particular way, you spend it in that way

〔以某种方式〕度过〔时间或一生〕

我们相当愉快地度过了那个冬季。

We played cards [to pass the time](bold)(=to help us stop feeling bored).

She [passed with flying colours](bold)(=got very high marks).

to officially decide that someone has succeeded in an examination or test

让〔某人〕通过考试[测试]

The examiners will only pass you if they feel that you have done the work properly.

只有考官认为你把工作做好了，他们才会让你通过考试。

to officially accept a law or proposal, especially by voting

〔尤指以投票方式〕通过〔法律或提案〕

Plans to extend the hotel have now been passed.

扩建酒店的计划现已获得通过。

The motion was passed by 16 votes to 11.

那项动议以16票对11票获得通过。

The first Transport Act was passed in 1907.

首部《交通法》于1907年通过。

The government has [passed](bold) new [legislation](bold) to protect consumers.

政府通过了新法律以保护消费者。

The United Nations Security Council has [passed a resolution](bold) asking the two countries to resume peace negotiations.

联合国安全理事会通过了一项决议，敦促两国重启和平谈判。

if a law or proposal passes an official group, it is officially accepted by that group

（被 …）通过，（被 …）批准

The bill failed to pass the House of Representatives.

那项法案没有在众议院获得通过。

if something passes between people, they speak to each other or do something together

A glance of recognition passed between them.

他们对视了一下，认出了对方。

Please say nothing of what has passed here today.

今天在这里说的一切请严格保密。

to say something that gives your opinion

I’m afraid I can’t pass any comment on this matter.

关于这件事我恐怕无可奉告。

He passed some remark about doctors being paid too much.

他说了一些医生工资过高的话。

to deliberately not say anything when someone says or does something that you do not like

对某事物不予理会[不加追究]

Carla made some comment about my work but I decided to [let it pass](bold).

卡拉对我的工作作了一些评论，但我决定不予理会。

After a couple of hours the storm passed.

几个小时之后暴风雨停止了。

恶心的感觉很快就过去了。

to kick, throw, or hit a ball to a member of your own team during a game

He passed to Beckham on the edge of the penalty area.

他把球传给在禁区边缘的贝克汉姆。

Are you allowed to pass the ball back to the goalkeeper?

允许把球回传给守门员吗？

to become more than a particular number or amount

The number of unemployed has [passed the](bold) two million [mark](bold) for the first time.

失业人数首次突破两百万大关。

to happen without anyone noticing or saying anything

His resignation passed largely unnoticed.

to talk to someone for a short time in order to be friendly

to change from being controlled or owned by one person to being controlled or owned by someone else

〔控制权或所有权〕转移，转让

The land will pass to my son when I die.

我死后土地归我儿子所有。

Control of these services has now [passed into the hands of](bold) the local authorities.

这些机构现在转由地方当局管理。

to change from one state or condition into another

〔状态或情况〕转变，转化

The chemical passes from a liquid to a solid state during the cooling process.

这种化学物质在冷却过程中由液态转化为固态。

to officially decide how a criminal will be punished, and to announce what the punishment will be

Judges no longer have the power to pass the death sentence.

法官们再也无权判处犯人死刑。

to give your opinion about someone’s behaviour

I don’t want to pass judgment on my colleagues.

to give no answer to a question because you do not know the answer

不知道；〔因不知道答案而〕略过

‘Who won the World Cup in 1998?’ ‘Pass.’

“1998年谁赢了世界杯？” “过。”

I’m afraid I’ll have to pass on that offer of coffee.

used to say that someone does not talk about something that is secret

Don’t worry. Not a word of this will pass my lips.

别担心，这件事我一个字也不会说出去。

used to say that someone does not eat or drink a particular thing

〔某东西〕不会被某人吃［喝］

Not a drop of liquor has passed my lips.

to let out a waste substance from your bladder or bowels

See your doctor immediately if you pass any blood.

如果便中有血要马上去找医生看看。

He was having difficulty [passing water](bold)(=letting out [urine](bold,->urine)).


pass

an official piece of paper which shows that you are allowed to enter a building or travel on something without paying

出入证，通行证；（免费）乘车证

警卫检查了我们的通行证。

They issued us with free passes to the theatre.

他们发给我们那家剧院的免费入场券。

You can buy a cheap one-day [bus pass](bold).

你可以买一张便宜的一日有效的公共汽车乘车证。

You will need at least three passes to get onto the course.

你至少需要三门及格才能上这门课。

The [pass mark](bold)(=the mark you need to be successful) is 55%.

when you kick, throw, or hit a ball to another member of your team during a game

那是霍尔登的一记精彩传球。

to try to kiss or touch another person with the intention of starting a sexual relationship with them

a high road or path that goes between mountains to the other side

one part of a process that involves dealing with the whole of a group or thing several times

On the first pass we eliminated all the candidates who didn’t have the right experience.

第一轮我们淘汰了所有不具备相关经验的候选人。

a movement in which an aircraft flies once over a place which it is attacking

〔航空器在攻击目标上空的〕飞越

if things have come to a pretty or sorry pass, a situation has become very bad


passage

[rite of passage](bold) at → [rite](->rite) sense 2

A narrow passage led to a small room at the back of the house.

He groped his way along the dark passage.

The air in these underground passages is cold and damp.

The bookcase moved to reveal a secret passage.

(=many passages, in which it is easy to get lost)

a long narrow area with walls on either side which connects one room or place to another

我的办公室就在过道旁边。

We walked down a narrow passage to the back of the building.

我们沿着一条狭窄的通道来到大楼的后面。

a short part of a book, poem, speech, piece of music etc

〔书、诗歌、演讲、乐曲等的〕一段，一节

He read out a short passage from the Bible.

the movement of people or vehicles along a road or across an area of land

The bridge isn’t strong enough to allow the passage of heavy vehicles.

那座桥不够坚固，无法让重型车辆通过。

Both sides agreed to allow the [free passage](bold) of medical supplies into the area.

双方都同意允许医疗用品自由运入该地区。

He was guaranteed [safe passage](bold) out of the country.

他得到保证可以安全离境。

when a new law is discussed and accepted by a parliament or Congress

The bill was amended several times during its passage through Congress.

那项法案在提交国会通过时作过几次修正。

They are expecting the new legislation to have quite a [rough passage](bold)(=be discussed and criticized a lot) through Parliament.

他们预计新的法律在议会通过时会遭遇重重困难。

My parents couldn’t afford the passage to America.

我父母付不起去美国的船费。

a tube in your body that air or liquid can pass through

The police forced a passage through the crowd.

警察在人群中辟出一条通道。

With the passage of time, things began to look more hopeful.

随着时间的流逝，事情开始显得更有希望。


passenger

The aeroplane was carrying over 500 passengers.

More than 7.6m rail passengers travelled on the Eurostar rail service last year.

The bus stopped and half the passengers got off.

The first three cars were reserved for passengers boarding in Queens.

At least 1,000 passengers were stranded at the airport because of the storm.

Rail passengers will have to pay more for their tickets next year.

All airline passengers arriving at Heathrow must go through customs.

(=passengers on a boat, who are not in a car or other vehicle)

A queue of foot passengers was waiting to get on the ferry.

The driver of the passenger train was unable to stop in time.

It was recently converted from a passenger plane to cargo use.

It is the biggest passenger ship afloat.

someone who is travelling in a vehicle, plane, boat etc, but is not driving it or working on it

〔车辆、飞机、船舶等的〕乘客，旅客

Neither the driver nor the passengers were hurt.

涉及一辆客运列车的撞车事故

Rail passengers now face even longer delays.

铁路旅客目前面临着更长时间的晚点。

someone in a group who does not do their share of the group’s work

〔团体中〕不做分内事的成员

The company can’t afford to carry any passengers.


passing

Most of the old traditions have died out with the passing of time.

随着时间的推移，大多数古老传统都已消亡。

The passing of the years had done nothing to improve his temper.

岁月的流逝一点也没有让他的坏脾气有所好转。

if you say something in passing, you mention it while you are mainly talking about something else

〔在谈论别的事情时〕顺便说起某事物，附带提及某事物

He did mention his brother’s wife, but only in passing.

他确实提到了他的弟媳，但只是顺带而已。

the passing of something is the fact that it has ended

The old regime was defeated, and few people mourned its passing.

旧政权被打垮，几乎没有人对其消亡感到痛惜。

the passing of a person is their death – use this when you want to avoid using the word ‘death’

去世，过世〔死亡的委婉说法〕

Nothing could fill the gap in her life left by his passing.

他去世后什么都无法填补她生活的空虚。


passing

迈克尔注视着来往的汽车。

一位驾车经过的司机停下来帮忙。

流逝的一天天/一周周/一年年等

Her grief became less intense with the passing years.

随着光阴的流逝，她的悲伤不那么强烈了。

With each passing day she grew stronger.

a passing thought or feeling is short and not very serious

〔想法或感觉〕短暂的，一时的

He had only ever shown a [passing interest](bold) in sport.

对于体育运动，他只是曾经表现出一时的兴趣。

a passing remark is one that you make while you are talking about something else

He made only a passing reference to her achievements.

他仅仅顺便提了提她的成就。


passion

[crime of passion](bold) at → [crime](->crime) sense 5

In this area, the issue has already stirred strong passions.

The case aroused passions throughout the country.

(=people are very excited, angry, or upset)

The judge's decision is expected today and passions are running high.

His lifelong passion for natural history began in childhood.

(=a very strong interest, or something you are very interested in)

The young Wordsworth had a consuming passion for poetry.

For years, acting and the stage had been his consuming passion.

(=do something that you enjoy doing very much)

The money enabled him to indulge his passion for horses.

a very strong belief or feeling about something

He spoke with considerable passion about the importance of art and literature.

他激动地谈起艺术和文学的重要性。

The issue arouses [strong passions](bold).

那件事激起了人们强烈的情绪。


passionate

[passionately](bold) adv. eg: He kissed her passionately. eg: Peter is passionately involved in environmental issues.

We had a passionate belief in what we were doing.

There was no doubt about his passionate commitment to peace.

She developed a passionate concern for human rights.

President Johnson was a passionate supporter of the space programme.

The actress is a vocal and passionate defender of women's rights.

Senator McCarthy delivered a powerful and passionate speech.

She made a passionate plea for tolerance.

showing or involving very strong feelings of sexual love

He had a brief but passionate love affair with an older woman.

他和一个比他年长的女子有过一段短暂而炽热的情史。

someone who has a passionate belief believes something very strongly

〔对某事〕具有强烈信念的

a passionate supporter of women’s rights

He had a [passionate belief](bold) in justice.

if you are passionate about something, you like it a lot

She developed a [passionate interest](bold) in wild flowers.

她对野花产生了强烈的兴趣。

I’ve always been passionate about football.


passive

[passively](bold) adv. eg: He listened passively as his sentence was read out.

someone who is passive tends to accept things that happen to them or things that people say to them, without taking any action

Kathy seems to take a very passive role in the relationship.

凯茜在这一关系中似乎扮演着十分被动的角色。

a passive verb or sentence has as its subject the person or thing to which an action is done, as in ‘His father was killed in a car accident.’


passive

the passive form of a verb, for example ‘was destroyed’ in the sentence ‘The building was destroyed during the war.’


passport

You can apply for an Italian passport if your parents are Italian.

It took quite a long time to get a new passport.

The men were convicted of travelling on a false passport.

She was born in India but has a British passport.

For travel abroad, you must have a valid passport.

He used a false passport to enter Kenya.

British passport holders must obtain a visa before entering the country.

a small official document that you get from your government, that proves who you are, and which you need in order to leave your country and enter other countries

They need to check that your passport is in order.

他们要检查一下你的护照是否有效。

something that makes it easy for you to achieve success, good health etc

获取成功/健康/爱情等的通行证

She saw a good diet as a passport to good health.

她认为合理饮食能带来健康。

Don’t assume that winning a talent contest is a passport to success.

不要以为在才艺比赛中得了奖今后就一定会成功。


password

a secret group of letters or numbers that you must type into a computer before you can use a system or program

〔使用计算机系统或程序所用的〕密码

Enter your password, then click on the ‘proceed’ icon.

键入密码，然后点击“继续”图标。

a secret word or phrase that someone has to say before they are allowed to enter a place such as a military camp

〔进入军营等地的〕口令，暗号


past

Judging by her past performance, Jane should do very well.

从以往的表现来看，简应该会干得很好。

From past experience she knew that it was no use arguing with him.

根据过去的经验，她知道和他争论是没有用的。

Study some past exam papers to get an idea of the questions.

仔细看看以前的一些考卷，了解一下考题。

During the past two weeks, 12 people have died of the disease.

过去两周内已有12人死于这种疾病。

She has been feeling tired for the past few days.

这些天来她一直感到疲倦。

Winter is past and spring has come at last.

冬天过去，春天终于来临。

a tradition rooted in times [long past](bold)

having held a particular position in the past or achieved a particular honour in the past

这家高尔夫俱乐部的前任会长

a celebration for past and present employees of the newspaper

为该报社的前雇员和现雇员举办的庆祝会

布鲁斯·詹纳，前奥运会冠军


past

I should be finished by half past (=30 minutes after the hour).

我应该可以在半点之前完成。

It was past midnight when the party ended.

派对结束的时候已经过了午夜。

Come on Annie, it’s [long past](bold) your bedtime.

快点，安妮，早就过了你的上床时间了。

The hospital’s just up this road, about a mile past the school.

医院就在这条路上，经过学校再往前约一英里。

There are parking spaces over there, [just past](bold)(=a little further than) the garage.

那边有停车位，就在那个车库过去一点的地方。

up to and beyond a person or place, without stopping

她开车经过的时候挥了挥手。

Will you be going past my house on your way home?

你回家的路上会经过我家吗？

[straight/right past](bold)(=used to emphasize that someone passes close to you and does not stop)

Monica hurried straight past me and down the steps.

莫妮卡从我身边匆匆经过，走下了台阶。

if a period of time goes past, it passes

几周过去了，一点消息也没有。

beyond or no longer at a particular point or stage

过了，不再处于〔某一点或某一阶段〕

Reid never really got past the stage of copying other artists.

里德从未真正脱离模仿其他艺术家的阶段。

a pot of yoghurt [well past](bold) its sell-by date

an Italian singer who was then past her prime (=no longer strong and active)

当时已经过气的意大利女歌手

I’m past caring about my appearance (=I do not care about it anymore).

我已不再关心自己的外表了。

used to say that you would not be surprised if someone did something bad or unusual because it is typical of them to do that type of thing

我认为某人很有可能（做某事）〔指坏事或不寻常的事〕

too old to be able to do what you used to do, or too old to be useful

〔人〕比不上年轻时；〔物〕太旧而无用

People seem to think that just because I’m retired, I’m past it.

人们似乎认为我退休了就不中用了。

something that is past due has not been paid or done by the time it should have been

〔某物〕到期未付款；〔某事〕到期未做


past

at a time before now, especially a long time ago

In the past, most children didn’t go to school at all.

We had a big argument, but it’s all in the past now.

a long time ago in your life, or in your parents’ or grandparents’ lives, when things were different

In the old days, only very rich people had cars.

used for saying that something was true in the past, but is not now

At one time there were six schools in the village.

I would have agreed with you at one time.

used when you are talking about a time in the past, especially one that you remember as being very good

Back in the day, everyone would meet at the boys’ club.

The optimistic economic climate of the recent past has gone.

Rivers of molten lava clearly flowed here in the distant past.

In order to understand the present, we must look at the immediate past.

Forget the past and focus on the future.

We hope that smoking will become a thing of the past.

(=when something is done in a completely different way to how it was done in the past)

These policies are a break with the past.

I think she sang Ireland's entry in the Eurovision Song Contest sometime in the dim and distant past.

the time that existed before the present

Good manners have become [a thing of the past](bold)(=something that does not exist anymore).

It’s time she stopped [living in the past](bold)(=thinking only about the past) and began to think about her future.

她不该再沉湎过去，是时候开始想想将来了。

She allowed her mind to drift towards the recent past.

她让自己的思绪飘到了不久以前。

I did a law degree some time [in the dim and distant past](bold)(=a long time ago).

很久以前我攻读过法律学位。

used to say that an unpleasant experience has ended and can be forgotten

You mustn’t think about it. It’s all in the past now.

你千万不要再想那件事，现在一切都过去了。

the past life or existence of someone or something

〔某人〕过去的经历；〔某事物〕曾经的情况

At some time in its past the church was rebuilt.

历史上这座教堂曾重建过。

The woman who ran the bar had a very [shady past](bold)(=events in her past which might be considered bad).

开这家酒吧的女人有非常见不得人的过去。


pasta

an Italian food made from flour, eggs, and water and cut into various shapes, usually eaten with a sauce


paste

→ [paste-up](->paste-up) → [pasting](->pasting)

to stick something to something else using glue

to make words that you have removed or copied appear in a new place on a computer screen

〔在计算机屏幕上〕粘贴（词句）

Data can be pasted into word processing documents.

数据可以粘贴到文字处理文件中。


paste

a soft smooth food, made by crushing meat, fish etc

a soft thick mixture that can easily be shaped or spread

Mix the powder with enough water to make a smooth paste.

把粉末和足够的水混合调成均匀的糊状。

a type of glue that is used for sticking paper onto things

pieces of glass that are used in jewellery to look like valuable stones

〔制作人造宝石的〕含铅玻璃


pastime

something that you do because you think it is enjoyable or interesting

阅读是她最喜爱的消遣方式。


past participle

the form of a verb used with the verb ‘to have’ in perfect tenses (for example ‘eaten’ in ‘I have eaten’), or with the verb ‘to be’ in the passive (for example ‘changed’ in ‘it was changed’), or sometimes as an adjective (for example ‘broken’ in ‘a broken leg’)


pastry

a mixture of flour, butter, and milk or water, used to make the outer part of baked foods such as pies

〔做派等烘焙食物用的〕油酥面皮，油酥面团


pat

[past tense and past participle](italic) [patted](bold) [present participle](italic) [patting](bold)

to lightly touch someone or something several times with your hand flat, especially to give comfort

他亲热地轻轻拍了拍那只狗。

to praise someone or yourself for doing something well

〔因干得好而〕赞扬某人/自己

You can pat yourselves on the back for a job well done.

你们干得很出色，可以自我表扬一下。


pat

a friendly act of touching someone with your hand flat

Mrs Dodd [gave](bold) the child a [pat](bold) on the head.

多德夫人轻轻拍了拍那个孩子的头。

praise for something that you have done well

Alex deserves a pat on the back for all his hard work.

亚历克斯干活十分卖力，应该受到表扬。


pat

a pat answer or explanation seems too quick and too simple and sounds as if it has been used before

〔回答或解释〕脱口而出的，预先准备好似的

There are no pat answers to these questions.

这些问题没有现成的答案。


pat

to know something thoroughly so that you can say it, perform it etc immediately without thinking about it

对某事物滚瓜烂熟，对某事物熟悉得可随口说出[随即表演等]

to refuse to change your opinion or decision


patch

Some of the hills still had small patches of snow.

The bird has a large black patch on each side of its neck.

There were damp patches on the ceilings.

He stroked the bald patch on the back of his head .

She noticed two dark patches on the sleeve of his shirt.

Clear patches of brilliant blue sky appeared briefly through the white storm clouds.

Poppies and daisies provided bright patches of colour along the edge of the field.

Some icy patches are likely on roads as temperatures drop tonight.

There'll be a widespread frost with mist and one or two fog patches

a small area of something that is different from the area around it

〔与周围部分不同的〕小片，小块

We finally found a patch of grass to sit down on.

我们最后找到一小片草地可以坐下来。

Belinda watched a patch of sunlight move slowly across the wall.

贝琳达看着一小片阳光从墙的一边缓缓移到另一边。

He combs his hair over his [bald patch](bold).

他把头发梳过来盖住秃掉的地方。

a small piece of material that is sewn on something to cover a hole in it

a jacket with leather patches at the elbows

a small area of ground for growing fruit or vegetables

〔用于种水果或蔬菜的〕小块土地

a small computer program that is added to software to solve problems

a piece of material that you wear over your eye to protect it when it has been hurt

a small piece of cloth with words or pictures on it that you can sew onto clothes

〔缝在衣服上带有文字或图画的〕缀饰，徽章

a period of time when you are having a lot of difficulty

Gemma’s [going through](bold) a [bad patch](bold) right now.

an area that someone knows very well because they work or live there

Policemen know what’s going on in their [home patch](bold).

警察了解自己辖区的情况。

to be much less attractive, good etc than something or someone else

远不如某人/某物，比某人/某物差得远

The second film isn’t a patch on the first.

第二部电影比第一部差远了。


patch

also: [patch up](bold)  [v](bold) <[T + with](bold)>

to repair a hole in something by putting a piece of something else over it


path

[beat a path (to sb’s door)](bold) at → [beat](->beat) 1 sense 16 [off the beaten path](bold) at → [beaten](->beaten) sense 1 → [flight path](->flight path) [lead sb up the garden path](bold) at → [lead](->lead) 1 sense 12 [stand in sb’s path](bold) at → [stand](->stand) 1 sense 30

They kept carefully to the paths and did not go across the farmer's fields.

There are many paths leading to the top of the mountain.

A narrow path wound down towards the beach.

I could see the line of a path that climbed up from the bay.

We walked along a narrow path beside a stream.

Our guide trod carefully down the rocky path.

He climbed the winding path up the hill.

I followed what seemed to be a well-worn path heading in the right direction.

From the cliff path, you get superb views out to sea.

They should put a cycle path along the edge of each new road they build.

He knows all the bridle paths through the woods.

[plural](italic) paths /pɑːðz/ US /pæðz/

a track that has been made deliberately or made by many people walking over the same ground

I walked nervously up the [garden path](bold) towards the front door.

我提心吊胆地沿着花园的小道向前门走去。

[Follow](bold) the [path](bold) along the river to the bridge.

沿着河边的小路走到那座桥。

a [path leading](bold) to the summer house

the space ahead of you as you move along

Police cleared a path through the protesters.

警察从抗议者中开辟出了一条通道。

达米安挡住了他们的去路。

the direction or line along which something or someone is moving

〔事物或人移动的〕方向，路线

The tornado destroyed [everything in its path](bold).

龙卷风摧毁了沿途的一切。

She walked into the path of an oncoming vehicle.

她走到了迎面有辆汽车驶来的路中。

a plan or series of actions that will help you achieve something, especially over a long period of time

〔有助于实现某事的〕道路，途径

[path to freedom/success/independence etc](bold)

She saw a college degree as her path to success.

她认为大学学位是自己通往成功的途径。

I hope you will choose a different path.

我希望你会选择一条不同的道路。

if two people’s paths cross, they meet by chance


pathetic

[pathetically](bold) /-kli/  adv. eg: She whimpered pathetically.

something or someone that is pathetic is so useless, unsuccessful, or weak that they annoy you

无用的；差劲的；令人生厌的

你真没用！来，让我做吧。

I know it sounds pathetic now, but at the time I was frightened.

我知道现在听起来挺窝囊，不过当时我很害怕。

Vic made a pathetic attempt to apologise.