tie

[sb’s hands are tied](bold) at → [hand](->hand) 1 sense 43

[past tense and past participle](italic) [tied](bold) [present participle](italic) [tying](bold) [third person singular](italic) [ties](bold)

to fasten things together or hold them in a particular position using a piece of string, rope etc

〔用线、绳索等〕系，扎，拴，捆

把这个标签系在手提箱上。

They tied him to a tree and beat him up.

他们把他绑在树上狠狠地打。

I kept all his letters tied together with a ribbon.

我用丝带把他所有的信捆扎在一起。

One of them tied her hands behind her back.

他们中的一人把她的手反绑起来。

I [tie](bold) my hair [back](bold) when I’m jogging.

我慢跑时把头发扎在脑后。

to fasten something around, over etc something else and tie the ends together

He had only a towel tied around his waist.

他只在腰间系了一条浴巾。

to make a knot in a piece of string, rope etc, for example to fasten shoes or other clothes

把〔线、绳索等〕打结，系上

Can you [tie](bold) your [shoelaces](bold) by yourself?

She pulled the ribbon tightly and tied a bow.

她把丝带抽紧，打了一个蝴蝶结。

if a piece of clothing ties in a particular place, you fasten it there using a belt,bow etc

if two players, teams etc tie or are tied in a game or competition, they finish it with an equal number of points

〔在比赛或竞赛中双方〕得分相同，打成平局

At the end of the season, we were tied with the Tigers.

赛季结束时，我们与老虎队得分相同。

Woosnam and Lyle tied for fourth place on 264.

伍斯纳姆和莱尔并列第四，总杆数都是264。

to be related to something and dependent on it

和某物联系在一起；依附于某物

这套公寓是为这个职位配的。

Interest rates are tied to the rate of inflation.

利率和通货膨胀率紧密联系在一起。

to be restricted by a particular situation, job etc, so that you cannot do exactly what you want

被某事物束缚[约束，限制]

很多妇女觉得自己被束缚在家里了。

I didn’t want to be tied to commuting to London.

我不想受约束天天乘车到伦敦去上班。

With children, you’re tied by school holidays.

如果有孩子，你就会被学校的假期牵住。

to become very upset because you are confused, nervous, or worried


tie

He had developed close ties with many Republican governors.

Family ties have been weakened by older people living apart from their children.

Strong personal ties connect her to the area.

He was a loner who failed to develop emotional ties with other people.

Japan and South Korea have close economic ties.

the establishment of diplomatic ties between the two countries

Besides marriage, other social ties drew people together.

The ties of friendship that unite the two countries.

The U.S. is committed to maintaining close ties with Europe.

Israel established full diplomatic ties with the Vatican in 1994.

He said that he planned to sever his ties with the club.

a long narrow piece of cloth tied in a knot around the neck, worn by men

→ [black-tie](->black-tie) → [bow tie](->bow tie)

a strong relationship between people, groups, or countries

〔人、团体或国家之间的〕关系，联系

the importance of strong [family ties](bold)

Japan’s strong economic ties with Taiwan

[the ties of marriage/friendship/love etc](bold)

the result of a game, competition, or election when two or more people or teams get the same number of points, votes etc

〔比赛、竞赛或选举中〕分数相同，票数相同，平局，平手

a piece of string, wire etc used to fasten or close something such as a bag

one game, especially of football, that is part of a larger competition

England’s World Cup tie against Argentina

英格兰对阿根廷的世界杯淘汰赛

[first round/second round etc tie](bold)

something that means you must stay in one place, job etc or prevents you from being free to do what you want

If you enjoy travelling, young children can be a tie.

如果你喜欢旅游，小孩子可能会是个拖累。

a heavy piece of wood or metal supporting a railway track


tier

one of several levels or layers that rise up one above the other

一排排的橄榄树像阶梯一般级级上升。

[two-tiered/three-tiered etc](bold)(=having two, three etc levels or layers)

one of several levels in an organization or system

〔机构或系统的〕层次，等级

The second tier of the programme is in-house training.

该计划的第二层级是公司内部培训。


tiger

a large wild animal that has yellow and black lines on its body and is a member of the cat family


tight

→ [airtight](->airtight) → [watertight](->watertight)

[comparative](italic) [tighter](bold) [superlative](italic) [tightest](bold)

tight clothes fit your body very closely, especially in a way that is uncomfortable

My shoes were so tight that I could hardly walk.

鞋子很紧，我几乎不能走路。

The jacket is rather [a tight fit](bold)(=it fits too tightly).

string, wire, cloth etc that is tight has been pulled or stretched firmly so that it is straight or cannot move

The bandage must be tight enough to stop the bleeding.

She tied the rope around the post and [pulled](bold) it [tight](bold).

她把绳子绑在柱子上，然后拉紧。

a screw, lid etc that is tight is firmly attached and difficult to move

查看一下螺丝钉是否拧紧了。

if you keep or have a tight hold on something, you hold it firmly

His mother [kept a tight hold on](bold) his hand.

controlling something very strictly or firmly

The government is [keeping tight control on](bold) immigration.

政府对移民控制得非常严格。

[keep a tight grip/hold/rein on sth](bold)(=control it very firmly)

The former dictator still keeps a tight grip on power.

前任独裁者仍然牢牢控制着政权。

Anna was determined to keep a tight hold on her feelings.

安娜决意牢牢地控制住自己的情感。

[Security](bold) is always [tight](bold)  for the opening day of parliament.

议会开幕这天安保措施总是非常严密。

[run/keep a tight ship](bold)(=manage a company, organization etc strictly and effectively)

if money is tight, you do not have enough of it

〔钱〕紧的，拮据的，不宽裕的

Money was tight and he needed a job badly.

手头很紧，他急需一份工作。

As you know, I run the magazine on a pretty [tight budget](bold).

你也知道，我做这份杂志预算很紧。

if time is tight, it is difficult for you to do everything you need to do in the time available

[Time is tight](bold), and she has another meeting to go to this afternoon.

时间很紧，她今天下午还有一个会议要参加。

We should arrive on time, but it’ll be tight.

我们应该能按时到达，但时间很紧。

As usual, his [schedule](bold) on Saturday was [tight](bold)(=he had arranged to do several things in a short time).

和往常一样，他周六的日程排得很紧。

I'm working to a very [tight deadline](bold)(=I have to finish a piece of work very quickly).

我正在赶一项期限很紧的工作。

if space is tight, there is only just enough space to fit something into a place

not generous, or trying hard to avoid spending money

The animal’s body was curled up in a tight little ball.

这个动物的身体紧紧地缩成一小团。

她把头发紧紧地盘成一个髻。

a tight group of people, countries etc have a close relationship with each other

〔人与人、国家与国家等之间〕关系密切的

Together, the young film-makers formed a tight group.

这些年轻的电影制作人一起组成了一个关系密切的团体。

the tight bonds that had grown between them

他们之间慢慢形成的紧密关系

a tight bend or turn is very curved and turns quickly in another direction

Danny lost control on a tight bend, and the car ran off the road.

丹尼急转弯时失去了控制，车冲出了路面。

if your chest, stomach, or throat feels tight, it feels painful and uncomfortable, because you are ill or worried

Before she went on stage her chest felt tight and her throat hurt.

她上台前胸口发闷，喉咙疼痛。

a tight expression, smile, or voice shows that you are annoyed or worried

‘Look, I’m sorry ...,’ she said, forcing a tight smile.

He’s a good man to have around if ever you’re in a tight corner.

‘Did something go wrong?’ ‘Let’s just say I got into a bit of a tight spot.’

playing a piece of music or giving a performance very exactly and well, without any pauses or mistakes

The band gave a really tight performance.

a tight game, competition etc is one in which the teams, players etc play equally well, and it is not easy to win

The opening quarter of the game was very tight.


tight

[sit tight](bold) at → [sit](->sit) sense 8 [sleep tight](bold) at → [sleep](->sleep) 1 sense 4


tighten

to close or fasten something firmly by turning it

I’d put the new tyre on, but I hadn’t tightened up the wheel.

我把新轮胎装上了，但没有上紧轮子。

if you tighten a rope, wire etc, or if it tightens, it is stretched or pulled so that it becomes tight

When you tighten guitar strings, the note gets higher.

把吉他的弦紧一紧，音就会变高。

to become stiff or make a part of your body become stiff

（使）〔身体的某一部分〕变得僵硬，变得僵直

His mouth tightened into a thin, angry line.

他的嘴抿成了一条细线，一副生气的样子。

to control a place or situation more strictly

Rebel forces have tightened their hold on the capital.

叛军加强了对首都的控制。

to hold someone or something more firmly

更紧地抓住〔某人或某物〕

萨拉把我的手臂抓得更紧了。

to make a rule, law, or system more strict

加紧，加强〔规则、法律或制度〕

Efforts to tighten the rules have failed.

严抓规章制度的努力失败了。

a range of measures to tighten up on illegal share dealing

一系列严格控制非法股票交易的措施

to try to spend less money than you used to

勒紧裤带，设法更节俭地过日子

Businesses were tightening their belts and cutting jobs.

企业都在勒紧裤带，削减工作岗位。

to try to force someone to do something, by threatening them or making things difficult for them – used in news reports

胁迫，威逼（某人）；（对某人）采取更为严厉的措施〔用于新闻报道〕

Closing the border would tighten the screws on the terrorists.

封锁边境将使恐怖分子受到更为严厉的打击。

if a race or competition tightens, the distance between the competitors becomes smaller

〔比赛〕变得激烈[紧张]

He expects the presidential race to tighten.

他预计总统角逐还会更激烈。


tightly

He gripped the steering wheel more tightly.

Marie held the baby tightly in her arms.

玛丽把婴儿紧紧地抱在怀中。

The media is [tightly controlled](bold) in some countries.

in a way that shows you are annoyed or worried

with not much space between people or things

The houses were tightly packed together.


tile

a flat square piece of baked clay or other material, used for covering walls, floors etc

a thin curved piece of baked clay used for covering roofs

out drinking, dancing etc for enjoyment until late at night


tile

铺瓦于〔屋顶〕；贴地砖于〔地面等〕


till

I didn’t have a boyfriend till I was 17.

The shop’s open till nine o'clock on Fridays.

这家商店周五营业到9点。


till

a machine used in shops, restaurants etc for calculating the amount you have to pay, and for storing the money

〔商店、餐馆等的〕现金出纳机

money in the till is money that a company or organization has

〔公司或组织的钱〕储备的

You keep as much money as you need in the till to run your operations.

你做业务要储备足够的钱。

to steal money from the place where you work

盗用，挪用，贪污，侵吞〔款项〕

[be caught with your hands/fingers in the till](bold)(=to be caught stealing from your employer)


tilt

to move a part of your body, especially your head or chin, upwards or to the side

（使）〔头、下巴等〕倾斜，（使）倾侧

Ned’s mouth tilted upwards slightly at the corners.

to move or make something move into a position where one side is higher than the other

As it came in to land, the plane tilted sideways.

if an opinion or situation tilts, or if something tilts it, it changes so that people start to prefer one person, belief, or action to others

（使）倾向于，（使）偏向于

Crisis situations tend to [tilt the balance](bold) of power in favour of the president.

危急形势总是会把权力天平倾向于总统。

Government tax policy has tilted toward industrial development.

政府的税收政策已经向工业发展倾斜。


tilt

a movement or position in which one side of something is higher than the other

a slight [tilt of](bold) the [head](bold)

a preference for one person, belief, or action over others

〔对某人、某信仰或某行为的〕倾向，偏向

〔意欲赢得某物的〕企图，尝试

The team is preparing for another tilt at the European Cup.

球队正在为再一次问鼎欧洲冠军杯备战。

a spoken or written attack on someone or something

〔口头或文字的〕抨击，攻击


timber

trees that produce wood used for building or making things

〔用于建筑和制作物品的〕树木，林木

a wooden beam, especially one that forms part of the main structure of a house

〔尤指构成房屋主要结构的〕栋木，大梁

used to warn people that a tree being cut down is about to fall

大树要倒啦！〔用来警告人们所伐树木快要倒下〕


time

→ [big time](->big time) 1 → [full-time](->full-time) → [half-time](->half-time) → [part-time](->part-time) → [real-time](->real-time) [at the best of times](bold) at → [best](->best) 3 sense 11 [time is of the essence](bold) at → [essence](->essence) sense 4 [bide your time](bold) at → [bide](->bide) sense 1 [in the fullness of time](bold) at → [fullness](->fullness) sense 1 [give sb/sth time](bold) at → [give](->give) 1 sense 21 [kill time](bold) at → [kill](->kill) 1 sense 8 [lose time](bold) at → [lose](->lose) sense 8 [mark time](bold) at → [mark](->mark) 1 sense 11 [move with the times](bold) at → [move](->move) 1 sense 17 [in the nick of time](bold) at → [nick](->nick) 1 sense 1 [for old times’ sake](bold) at → [old](->old) sense 19 [once upon a time](bold) at → [once](->once) 1 sense 14 [play for time](bold) at → [play](->play) 1 sense 18 [the time is ripe](bold) at → [ripe](->ripe) sense 3 [at the same time](bold) at → [same](->same) 1 sense 3 [sign of the times](bold) at → [sign](->sign) 1 sense 9 [a stitch in time (saves nine)](bold) at → [stitch](->stitch) 1 sense 8 [have a whale of a time](bold) at → [whale](->whale) 1 sense 2

a time when something happens or when you should do something

The last time I saw her she was in high school.

The best time to visit Scotland is in late May.

a time when something happens. [Occasion](bold) is more formal than [time](bold)

They have been seen together on several occasions.

The last occasion the two teams met, the Giants won easily.

a particular point in time when something happens

At that moment at exactly that time, the door bell rang.

a particular time during a longer period of time

At one point during the play she completely forgot her lines.

a long period of time, especially many months or years

They’ve been married a long time – nearly 30 years.

The house has been empty for a long time.

continuing for the whole day, night, year etc – used especially to emphasize that it is a long time

It’s going to take me all night to finish this essay.

He’s in London all week, and only comes home at the weekends.

many hours, weeks, months, or years – used to emphasize that it is a long time, or much longer than it should be

My wife had to wait months for a hospital appointment.

I hadn’t seen Paul for a while, and he’d completely changed.

It may be some time before the company starts to make a profit.

For the longest time, my daughter wasn’t reading at all.

It took me the longest time to figure out how to work the sunroof in this car.

Can I show you something? It will only take a moment.

a short period of time, especially a few hours, days, or weeks

I’ve been to Tokyo, but I was only there for a short while.

As time passed, she thought less and less about her family back home.

I didn’t do it because I didn’t have time.

We never get time to do anything together.

I’m going to spend some time with my family.

(=spend a period of time doing something)

The prisoners pass the time reading, or writing letters.

You are wasting your time arguing with him.

I used a ready-made sauce in order to save time.

(=do something, even though you are busy)

You need to make time to do things you enjoy.

(=spend time doing something unimportant while waiting for something)

He was just killing time before his appointment.

A short time later, she heard him drive away.

The offer is available for a limited time only.

He spends all this free time watching television.

I’m sorry if I’m taking up your valuable time.

As the children get older, evenings become valuable family time.

(=the time it takes to travel somewhere)

By train, the journey time to London is about two hours.

Over a period of time the students develop their own ideas.

Customers only have a limited amount of time to inspect the goods.

There was no time to discuss it further.

It took them a long time to struggle through the crowds.

I understood him better as time went on.

(=there is not much time left to do something)

Doctors are looking for a suitable donor, but time is running out.

(=used to say that the time allowed for something has finished)

Time’s up, class. Put your pens down and hand your papers to the front.

(=have time to do something unimportant while waiting for something)

I still had some time to kill, so I thought I’d make a couple of phone calls.

the thing that is measured in minutes, hours, days, years etc using clocks

Einstein changed the way we think about space and time.

爱因斯坦改变了我们的时空概念。

close relationships established over a long [period of time](bold)

Customers have only a limited [amount of time](bold) to examine the goods.

顾客只有有限的时间可以检查商品。

Their marriage got better as time went by.

随着时间的推移，他们的婚姻越来越和美。

a particular point in time shown on a clock in hours and minutes

〔钟表上显示的〕时间，钟点，时刻

‘What time is it?’ ‘It’s about two thirty.’

“几点了？” “2点半左右。”

[what time do you make it?](bold) BrE, [what time do you have?](bold) AmE(=used to ask someone with a watch what time it is)

[have you got the time?](bold) BrE, [do you have the time?](bold) AmE(=used to ask someone if they know what time it is)

[tell the time](bold) BrE, [tell time](bold) AmE(=be able to understand a clock)

[look at the time](bold)(=used when you realize that it is later than you thought it was)

哦，坏了，你看都几点了。我要迟到了。

[is that the time?](bold)(=used when you suddenly realize what the time is)

都这个时候啦？我得走了。

[this time tomorrow/last week etc](bold)

By this time tomorrow I’ll know whether I’ve got the job.

明天这个时候我就知道我是否得到这份工作了。

an occasion when something happens or someone does something

那是我们唯一一次意见有分歧。

Do you remember the time I hit Tom Benson?

你还记得那次我打汤姆•本森的事吗？

玛丽已看过这部电影许多次。

[(for) the first/second/last etc time](bold)

It was the first time that he had lost a game.

Gerry had just had back surgery for the third time in two years.

格里刚做了背部手术，这是两年里的第三次。

[(the) next time/(the) last time/this time](bold)

Why don’t you drop in for a drink next time you’re over this way?

你下次路过进来喝一杯怎么样？

The last time (=the most recent time) I saw Jonathan was Thursday evening.

我上次看到乔纳森是在星期四晚上。

The freezing weather did not return until February but this time we were prepared.

直到2月份天气再次寒冷起来，不过这次我们做好了准备。

[the first/second/next/last etc time round](bold)(=the first, second etc time something happens)

I missed their concert the first time round so I’m going next week.

我错过了他们的第一次音乐会，所以下周我要去听。

I meet up with Julie every time I go to Washington.

我每次到华盛顿都和朱莉见面。

How many times did you take your driving test?

How many times have I told you not to wander off like that?(=I have told you many times)

我告诉过你多少次不要那样乱跑？

[One time](bold)(=once) I went to a garage sale and bought fifteen books.

有一次我去了旧物售卖会，买回15本书。

You say: The first time I saw it, I loved it.
Don’t say: [At the first time I saw it, I loved it.](strike)

the particular minute, hour, day etc when something happens or should happen

〔某事发生或应该发生的〕具体时刻

She was three months pregnant at the time of Stephen’s death.

斯蒂芬去世时，她怀孕三个月了。

He is performing as well as at any time in his career.

他表现出色，一如他事业生涯中的任何一个时候。

The UK has 500,000 stray dogs on its streets [at any one time](bold)(=at any particular time).

任何时候英国大街上都有50万条流浪狗。

At the time when this scheme was introduced, it was recognised that there might be problems.

这个计划刚刚启动的时候，大家就意识到可能会有问题。

The phone was ringing but by the time she got indoors, it had stopped.

电话铃在响，但是等到她进了门又不响了。

He glanced at his watch. ‘It’s time for me to go.’

他看了一眼手表说: “我该走了。”

Now is [the right time](bold) for us to move to London.

现在正是我们搬去伦敦的好时机。

This might be a good time to start planning the new garden.

也许这个时候开始规划新花园正好。

这个时候不能惹彼得生气。

[there’s no time like the present](bold)(=used to say that now is a good time to do something)

‘When do you want to meet?’ ‘Well, there’s no time like the present.’

“你想什么时候见面？” “嗯，再没有比现在更好的时间了。”

[opening/closing time](bold)(=the time when a shop, bar etc opens or closes)

We empty the till each night at closing time.

每晚打烊时我们都把现金出纳机清空。

[arrival/departure time](bold)(=the time when a train, plane etc arrives or leaves)

我们预计到达时间为下午2时30分。

England is so lovely at this time of year.

每年这个时候英格兰的景色都非常迷人。

We’ll sort that out [when the time comes](bold)(=when it becomes necessary).

a period of time during which something happens or someone does something

Dustin wanted to [spend](bold) as much [time](bold) as possible with his family.

达斯廷想尽可能多花时间和家人在一起。

我第一次遇见珍妮弗是在很久以前。

They stopped for a short time to rest the horses.

他们稍停了一会儿，让马歇口气。

Andy and Tom talked [for some time](bold)(=for a fairly short period).

Alison was married, [for a time](bold)(=for a fairly short period), to a comedian.

艾莉森曾和一位喜剧演员有过一段短暂的婚姻。

Martin disliked being away from his family [for any length of time](bold)(=for more than just a short period).

It [took](bold) her a long [time](bold) to make a decision.

她花了很长时间才作出决定。

Learning a language isn’t easy – it [takes time](bold)(=takes a long period of time).

学一门语言不容易——这需要时间。

[take time to do sth](bold)(=deliberately spend time doing something)

While in New York he took time to visit some friends.

在纽约时，他抽时间拜访了一些朋友。

I wanted to make better use of my travel time.

我想更好地利用旅行的时间。

an amount of time that is available for you to do something

如果有时间我会去拜访他。

Molly would like to do some diving if [there is time](bold).

有时间的话，莫莉想去潜水。

She realized she would have time for a coffee before her train left.

她发现在火车出发之前她还有时间喝杯咖啡。

We don’t have to rush. We [have all the time in the world](bold)(=have plenty of time).

我们不必匆忙，有的是时间。

June had little [time to spare](bold)(=available time) for making her own clothes.

琼几乎没有时间给自己做衣服。

[free/spare time](bold)(=time when you are not working)

Being prepared for meetings will [save time](bold).

做好会议准备可以节省时间。

I don’t want to [waste time](bold) arguing.

She spent [precious time](bold)(=valuable and important time) looking for a telephone.

她把宝贵的时间花在找电话上了。

I seem to [spend](bold) most of my [time](bold) on the phone.

我好像把大部分时间都花在打电话上了。

McDuff [passed the time](bold) writing letters (=wrote letters because he had nothing else to do).

[have time on your hands/time to kill](bold)(=not have enough to do)

Now the children have left home, she has too much time on her hands.

现在孩子们都离开家了，她有太多空闲时间。

[make/find time (for sth/to do sth)](bold)(=plan so that you have time available for something)

Book your ticket soon, as [time is running out](bold).

[time’s up](bold)(=used to say that it is the end of the time allowed for something such as a competition or examination)

[we’re out of time](bold)(=used on radio and television programmes to say that there is no more time available on the programme)

I keep practising and I’m improving all the time.

我不断练习，因此一直在进步。

I can speak German but we speak English most of the time.

我会说德语，但我们大多数时候说英语。

if something happens half the time, especially something annoying, it happens quite often

Half the time you don’t even notice what I’m wearing.

你常常连我穿什么都没注意。

sometimes, but not regularly or very often

These food safety scares happen from time to time.

这种食品安全恐慌事件时有发生。

反复多次；一而再，再而三

The police were catching the same kids stealing time after time.

警察几次三番地抓住同一批孩子在偷东西。

always – used especially in official rules and statements

随时，总是〔尤用于正式规定和声明〕

Children must be supervised at all times while in the park.

儿童在公园里必须一直有人照看。

nine times out of ten/99 times out of 100 etc

used to say that something is almost always true or almost always happens

at a particular moment or period in the past when something happened, especially when the situation is very different now

At one time she wanted to be a nurse, but the thought of working at night put her off.

她曾经想当一名护士，但想到上夜班她就退却了。

The president said his actions were ‘the right ones at this time’.

总统说他的行动“在此时此刻是正确的”。

used to say strongly that something never happened or should never happen

从来没有，在任何时候都不（应该）

At no time did anyone involved speak to the press.

任何相关人员都没有向媒体发表过言论。

公司从来没有得到过消息。

for a short period of time from now, but not permanently

Now, for the time being, she is living with her father in Tijuana.

眼下，她和父亲暂住在蒂华纳。

in 10 days’/five years’/a few minutes’ etc time

He has an appointment with the doctor in two days’ time.

before the time by which it is necessary for something to be done

They ran all the way to the corner [just in time](bold) to see the bus disappearing up the street.

他们一路跑到转角处，正好看到公共汽车消失在街头。

The painting was successfully repaired in time for the opening of the exhibition.

这幅画及时修复成功，正好赶上展览会开幕。

[in good time/in plenty of time](bold)(=a long time before the necessary time)

We arrived at the concert hall in good time.

after a certain period of time, especially after a gradual process of change and development

He wants to see changes in the company and I am sure he will, in time.

他想看到公司的变化，我相信过一段时间他一定会看到的。

还有剩余的时间〔指比预期要快〕

We should arrive in New York with time to spare.

我们应该可以提前到达纽约。

if something happens over time, it happens gradually during a long period

The research project will be assessed over time.

这个研究项目要假以时日才能作出评估。

Students are encouraged to consider the way language [changes over time](bold).

鼓励学生们去思考语言随着时间变化的方式。

These symptoms will start to get better with time.

这些症状过一段时间就会开始好转。

I would have thought of the answer, given time.

要是给我时间，我会想出答案的。

to do something slowly or carefully without hurrying

Marie took her time cutting my hair and did it really well.

玛丽仔细地给我剪发，剪得相当好。

He had planned to take his time over the journey.

他原来计划这一路慢慢地走。

to do something more slowly than seems reasonable

You’re taking your time with the lab tests. We need the results now.

你们实验做得太慢了。我们现在就要结果。

used to say how much greater, more etc one thing is than another

…的五倍/十倍/很多倍等

Sound travels four times faster in water than in air.

声音在水中的传播速度是在空气中的四倍。

There were three times as many girls as boys.

if someone deals with things one, three, ten etc at a time, they deal with them separately or in groups of three, ten etc

If you raise your hands, I’ll answer questions one at a time.

请你们举手，我会逐一回答你们的问题。

if something happens for hours, days, months etc at a time, it continues for several hours, months etc

Because of his work, he’s often away for weeks at a time.

因为工作的原因，他经常连续几周都不在家。

at the correct time or the time that was arranged

Jack was worried about whether he’d be able to get there on time.

杰克担心他是否能准时赶到那里。

[right/bang/dead on time](bold)(=at exactly the right time)

[On time](bold)  means ‘at the correct or agreed time’: Please arrive on time.
Don’t say: [Please arrive in time.](strike)

[In time](bold)  means ‘early enough for something or to do something’: He arrived in time for supper.

earlier or later than the time when something happens, should be done etc

Prepare what you plan to say in the meeting ahead of time (=before the meeting).

事先准备好你在会上的发言。

The train left twenty minutes behind time (=after it should have left).

火车晚点了20分钟发车。

used to say strongly that you think something should happen soon or should already have happened

我们早该举行一次聚会了。

used to say that something should have happened sooner

Philip is going to be punished and not before time.

菲利普要受到惩罚了，早该如此了。

the best, biggest etc of a particular kind of person or thing that has ever existed

有史以来最好/最大等的 …

He is the greatest athlete of all time, in my opinion.

我认为他是有史以来最伟大的运动员。

“她应该什么时候回来？” “马上。”

it’s (only/just) a matter/question of time

used to say that something will definitely happen at some time in the future, but you do not know when

这（只）是个时间问题〔指某事肯定会发生〕

I’ll find the key eventually. It’s just a question of time.

我总会找到钥匙的，只是个时间问题。

It’s only a matter of time before we catch the person who killed her.

我们迟早会抓到杀害她的凶手。

used to say that at some time in the future it will become clear whether or not something is true, right etc

Only time will tell if the treatment has been successful.

只有时间才能证明这种治疗是否有效。

Mankind has used the horse since [ancient times](bold).

人类从古时候起就使用马匹了。

In earlier times, servants would use the bare wooden stairs at the back of the house.

过去，仆人只能走房子后面光光的木楼梯。

He lived at the time of the Napoleonic wars.

他生活在拿破仑战争时期。

[our time(s)](bold)(=the present period in history)

Air pollution has become one of the most significant health problems of our time.

空气污染成了我们这个时代最重大的健康问题。

Our equipment is a bit behind the times.

to change when other things in society, business etc change

having or using the most advanced ideas, methods, designs, technology etc

最先进的，超越时代的，具有前瞻性的

Coleridge was far ahead of his time in his understanding of the unconscious.

柯尔律治对潜意识的理解远远超前于他所处的时代。

a good time, bad time, difficult time etc is a period or occasion when you have good, bad, difficult etc experiences

这是她一生中最幸福的时光。

They had their happy times, but they had their hard times too.

他们有过快乐的时光，但也经历过艰难的岁月。

[have a good/great/lovely etc time](bold)(=enjoy yourself)

Julie went to a wedding at the weekend and [had the time of](bold) her [life](bold)(=enjoyed herself very much).

朱莉周末去参加了一个婚礼，玩得非常开心。

the period of time when you were living in a particular place, working for a particular company etc

某人在〔某地生活或任职〕的时候

In her time at the United Nations she was considered a tough negotiator.

她在联合国的时候被认为是一个强硬的谈判对手。

before you were born or before you started working or living somewhere

在 …出生[开始工作，到某地生活]之前；早于 …的时代

They say he was a great actor but that was before my time.

他们说他是个伟大的演员，但那时我还没有入行。

if you do something, especially get old, before your time, you do it before the time when most people usually do it in their lives

He seemed to grow into an old man before his time.

the way of referring to points in time in one particular part of the world

〔世界上某一特定地区的〕时间

The flight to Boston arrives at 1.15 pm [local time](bold).

飞往波士顿的班机将于当地时间下午1点15分到达。

the amount of time taken by a competitor in a race

The Olympic medallist’s time in the 200 metres final was 19.21 seconds.

这位奥运会奖牌得主在200米决赛中的成绩是19秒21。

The journey time to London is approximately four hours.

前往伦敦的行程需时约4小时。

the end of the normal period of playing time in a sports game, especially football

〔尤指足球的〕全场比赛时间，终场

Mason’s goal 13 minutes from time earned his team a place in the finals.

梅森终场前13分钟的进球帮助球队进入了决赛。

the number of beats in each bar in a piece of music

华尔兹舞曲通常是四分之三拍。

if you do something in time to a piece of music, you do it using the same rhythm and speed as the music

Gloria was tapping her feet in time to the music.

格洛丽亚跟着音乐的节拍脚步轻点。

to show the rhythm and speed that a piece of music should be played at to a group of musicians, using your hands

if a clock keeps good time, it always shows the correct time

保罗因入室盗窃在监狱服刑。

to say hello to someone and have a short talk with them

（与某人）打招呼，（与某人）寒暄

People like to pass the time of day with neighbours.

used to say that there was a time when you used to be able to do something, when something used to happen etc

used to say that you must do something quickly because there is very little time

if you make good time on a journey, you travel quickly, especially more quickly than you expected

〔旅途中〕快速行进〔尤指比预期要快〕

We made good time and were at the hotel by lunchtime.

我们路上很快，午饭时间就到酒店了。

to try to finish or achieve something even though you have very little time

Mark was racing against time to complete the work by Friday.

马克争分夺秒，想赶在周五之前完成工作。

used to say that wasting time or delaying something costs money

时间就是金钱，一寸光阴一寸金

used to say that someone is young enough to be able to wait before doing something or until something happens

used to say that someone will become less upset as time passes

时间是疗伤的一剂良药/时间能治愈一切创伤

used to say that time seems to pass very quickly

玩得开心时，时间过得飞快。

if you study or do work in your own time, you do it outside normal school or work hours

Nurses in training study in their own time.

参加培训的护士在业余时间学习。

在自己做好准备之时，在自己认为合适之时

Bobby will tell them about it in his own good time.

博比会在他认为合适的时候把这事告诉他们的。

used to tell someone to be patient because something they are waiting for will certainly happen after a period of time, and probably quite soon

快了，别急〔告诉某人他期待的事最终肯定会发生，而且也许即将发生〕

‘I’d love to see it.’ ‘All in good time.’

“我真想看看。” “别急。”

if you have a lot of time for someone or something, you like or admire them, and if you have no time for them, you do not like or admire them

喜欢[欣赏]/不喜欢[不欣赏]某人/某事物

He has no time for (=does not like) people who talk too much.

At my time of life, you can’t take too many shocks like that.

我这个年纪的人，受不了太多那样的打击。

used in certain expressions to refer to the period when you are alive

I’ve met some rude women in my time but she’s the worst.

我这辈子也见过一些粗鲁的女人，但她是当中的极品。

He was many things in his time – musician, pilot, cattle-rancher, industrialist, journalist.

他一生有多重身份——音乐家、飞行员、养牛的牧场主、实业家和记者。

If I [had](bold) my [time over again](bold)(=lived my life again), I’d probably do exactly the same things.

如果人生重来，我很可能还会做同样的事。

a very long time, or a very long time ago


time

→ [ill-timed](->ill-timed) → [well-timed](->well-timed)

to arrange that something should happen at a particular time

安排 …的时间，选好 …的时间

I saw from the station clock that I had timed my arrival perfectly.

我从车站的钟上看到我到的时间正好。

The tour has been timed to allow visitors to attend the opening night of the Verona opera season.

这次游览的时间安排使得游客可以参加维罗纳歌剧节的开幕之夜。

Her book was [timed to coincide with](bold)(=arranged to be at the same time as) an exhibition of Goya’s paintings at the National Gallery.

她的书安排在国家美术馆举办戈雅画展的时候出版。

The meeting has been timed for three o'clock.

[Time](bold)  is often passive in this meaning.

to measure how fast someone or something is going, how long it takes to do something etc

测定 …的速度；记录 …所需的时间

We had to run up the stairs while the Sergeant timed us.

我们必须跑上楼梯，中士给我们计时。

They timed the winner at 2 minutes and 14.05 seconds.

他们给获胜者测定的时间为2分14秒05。

to hit a ball or make a shot at a particular moment

把握〔击球、射门或投篮〕的时机

基思传球的时机把握得很好。

时机把握得恰到好处的一记射门


timeless

remaining attractive and not becoming old-fashioned


timely

done or happening at exactly the right time

The fight ended only with the timely arrival of the police.

幸亏警察及时赶到，打斗总算停止。

[in a timely manner/fashion](bold)(=as quickly as is reasonable in a particular situation)

We aim to settle all valid claims in a timely manner.

我们力求做到及时处理所有有效索赔。

[a timely reminder (of sth)](bold) BrE(=one that makes you remember something important)

The crash served as a timely reminder of the dangers of drinking and driving.

这场车祸及时地提醒了人们酒后驾车的危险。


timescale

=time scale  [n](bold) <[C](bold)> ([especially BrE](special))

the period of time it takes for something to happen or be completed

〔做某事所需要的〕时间，时段

The timescale for completing the work would be fairly tight.

完成这项工作的时间很紧。


timetable

a list of the times at which buses, trains, planes etc arrive and leave

〔公共汽车、火车、飞机等的〕运行时间表，时刻表

a list of the times of classes in a school, college etc

a plan of events and activities, with their dates and times

〔事件或活动的〕时间表，日程表

The Council has set out a timetable for returning to civilian rule.

委员会已制订出恢复文官统治的时间表。


timetable

to plan that something will happen at a particular time in the future

The carnival parade is timetabled for 12.00 on both days.

狂欢节游行两天都定在12点举行。

to arrange the times at which classes will take place in a school or college

〔学校里〕安排（课程时间表）

The course is timetabled for one period each week.

这门课程被安排每周一节课。

Art students have very few timetabled hours.

学艺术的学生固定的上课时间很少。


timing

the skill of doing something at exactly the right time

He was just walking into the restaurant when we got there. Perfect timing.

我们到的时候他正好走进饭店，时间算得好准。

He told jokes with an exquisite [sense of timing](bold).

the time when someone does something or when something happens, especially when you are considering how suitable this is

〔某人做某事或某事发生的〕时间

The president and I did not discuss the timing of my departure.

我和总统没有讨论我离职的时间。

Ferry schedules and precise timings are subject to weather conditions on the day of departure.

渡轮时刻表和准确时间视出发当天的天气而定。

the way in which electricity is sent to the spark plugs in a car engine

〔汽车发动机的〕点火时间控制


tin

a soft silver-white metal that is often used to cover and protect iron and steel. It is a chemical element: symbol Sn

锡〔一种化学元素，符号为Sn〕

a small metal container in which food or drink is sold

a metal container with a lid in which food can be stored

a metal container in which food is cooked

〔烹饪食物的〕器皿，烤盘，烤模

a metal container with a lid, in which paint, glue etc is sold

〔盛涂料、胶水等的〕马口铁罐，白铁桶


tiny

[comparative](italic) [tinier](bold) [superlative](italic) [tiniest](bold)

中西部地区一个极小的社区

Bad teachers are a [tiny minority](bold).


tip

The service was great and we left a large tip.

He gave me some tips on how to improve my game.

The writer passes on many tips that she has learned over the years.

To keep your bike in good condition, follow these simple tips.

If you listen to the show, you’ll pick up some really useful gardening tips.

Go to their website to find useful tips on buying and selling a home.

He has some simple tips for saving money when you're at the supermarket.

Most recipes come with added cooking tips.

Marie was always willing to share her gardening tips.

The article contains some useful beauty tips.

Ensure the safety of your family with a few simple safety tips from the Fire Service.

the end of something, especially something pointed

a small amount of additional money that you give to someone such as a waiter or a taxi driver

I [gave](bold) the guy [a big tip](bold).

Perhaps she could [give](bold) us a few [tips](bold).

也许她能给我们一些建议。

This week's magazine has some tips on healthy eating.

这周的杂志刊载了一些有关健康饮食的建议。

a small sign of a problem that is much larger

The reported cases of food poisoning are only the tip of the iceberg.

那些被报道出来的食物中毒事件只是冰山一角。

if something is on the tip of your tongue, you really want to say it, but then you decide not to

It was on the tip of my tongue to say, ‘I’d rather have dinner with a snake.’

我已经话到嘴边: “我宁愿和一条蛇共进晚餐。”

if a word, name etc is on the tip of your tongue, you know it but cannot remember it

就在嘴边〔但想不起来了〕

What is her name? It’s on the tip of my tongue. Joan. Joan Simpson. That’s it!

她叫什么？就在我嘴边。琼——琼•辛普森。就是这名字！

an area where unwanted waste is taken and left

我要把这堆东西全都扔到垃圾场去。

special information about which horse will win a race

〔关于赛马中哪匹马会赢的〕特别情报，内部情报

a secret warning or piece of information, especially to police about illegal activities

Acting on a tip, the police were able to find and arrest Upton.

警方根据密报采取行动，找到并拘捕了厄普顿。


tip

[past tense and past participle](italic) [tipped](bold) [present participle](italic) [tipping](bold)

to move into a sloping position, so that one end or side is higher than the other, or to make something do this

His helmet had tipped forward and the boy pushed it back.

头盔向前耷拉下来，男孩把它往后推了推。

Eric fell asleep, his head gently tipping to one side.

埃里克睡着了，头微微倒向一边。

‘So what?’ asked Brian, tipping his chair back on its rear legs.

“那又怎么样？”布赖恩问道，翘起椅子腿向后倾倒。

to pour something from one place or container into another

Tip the onions and oil into a large ovenproof dish.

把洋葱和油倒入一个大的耐热盘子里。

Ben tipped the contents of the drawer onto the table.

本把抽屉里的东西倒在桌上。

to give an additional amount of money to someone such as a waiter or taxi driver

if someone or something is tipped to do something, people think that they are most likely to succeed in doing it

the man tipped to become the next president

被认为很有可能成为下一任总统的人

他被认为是未来的世界冠军。

He had been widely tipped to get the new post of deputy director.

大家都认为他有望获得副主任的新职。

[Tip](bold)  is usually passive in this meaning.

having a tip that is made of or covered with gold, steel etc

to give a slight advantage to someone or something

Three factors helped to [tip the balance in favour of](bold) the Labour leadership.

有三个因素促使天平向工党领导层倾斜。

to weigh a particular amount, used especially of someone who will be taking part in a sports competition

〔尤指参加拳击等比赛前〕称得重量为 …

At today’s weigh-in he tipped the scales at just over 15 stone.

他今天赛前称得体重正好超过15英石。

to touch or raise your hat as a greeting to someone

（向某人）抬帽[扶帽]致意

to say or do something that shows you admire what someone has done


tiptoe

if you stand or walk on tiptoe, you stand or walk on your toes, in order to make yourself taller or in order to walk very quietly

She [stood on tiptoe](bold) to kiss him.


tiptoe

[past tense and past participle](italic) [tiptoed](bold) [present participle](italic) [tiptoeing](bold)

to walk quietly and carefully on your toes, so that nobody hears you

他母亲踮着脚走进了房间。

我沿着走廊蹑手蹑脚地走。


tire

to start to feel tired, or make someone feel tired

（使）感到累，（使）感到疲劳

As we neared the summit, we were tiring fast.

接近山顶时，我们感到越来越累了。

In everyday English, people usually say [get tired](bold)  rather than [tire](bold) :

The climbers were starting to [get tired](bold).


tired

→ [dog-tired](->dog-tired) [be sick (and tired) of sth](bold) at → [sick](->sick) 1 sense 6

If you are [tired of](bold)  doing something, you do not want to do it anymore because it has started to annoy or bore you: I’m tired of explaining it.
Don’t say: [I’m tired from explaining it.](strike)

If you are [tired from](bold)  doing something, you feel tired because you have used a lot of effort: He was tired from walking all day.
Don’t say: [He was tired of walking all day.](strike)

I was exhausted after the long trip home.

She immediately fell into an exhausted sleep.

very tired because you have been working hard

With three small children to care for, she was always worn out.

tired because you have been travelling, worrying, or doing something for a long time

He looks tired and weary after 20 years in office.

They were too fatigued to continue with the climb.

Because of her illness, she often became fatigued.

very tired and feeling as if all your energy has gone

Afterwards, he felt drained, both physically and mentally.

I’m bushed. I think I’ll go to bed early.

I’m beat. I don’t think I’ll go for a run tonight.

very tired. [Knackered](bold) is a very informal use – do not use it in polite conversation

By the time I got home I was absolutely knackered.

When I first started teaching, I came home shattered every night.

extremely tired, so that you cannot do anything but sleep

I was absolutely dead by the time I got home.

wanting to sleep very soon, so that your eyes start to close

I’m feeling quite sleepy. I think I’ll go to bed.

starting to sleep because you are in a warm place, have drunk too much alcohol, or have taken medicine

She was beginning to feel a little drowsy after all the food and wine she had consumed.

can’t keep your eyes open/can hardly keep your eyes open

to feel so tired that you find it difficult to stay awake

I’d better get some rest – I can’t keep my eyes open.

He had been driving all night, and he could hardly keep his eyes open.

我累得一觉能睡一个星期。

He looks [tired out](bold)(=very tired).

“不。”弗兰克语带疲倦地说。

bored with something, because it is no longer interesting, or has become annoying

对（做）某事感到厌烦[厌倦]的

I’m tired of watching television; let’s go for a walk.

我看电视都看腻了，我们出去走走吧。

I was getting tired of all her negative remarks.

我对她的那些消极言论越来越感到厌烦了。


tiresome

the whole tiresome business of filling out the forms

→ Do not confuse with [tiring](bold) (=making you feel tired)[It was a long, tiring day.](italic)


tiring

making you feel that you want to sleep or rest

I had to drive nine hours without a break – it was exhausting.

an exhausting week of singing, acting, and dancing

very tiring and difficult – used about days, journeys etc

The last part of the journey was very hard.

tiring because you have to use a lot of your mental energy, and often become bored – used about people, situations etc

I find her constant questions rather wearing.

His films always tend to have the same plots, which does get rather wearing after a while.

very tiring physically or mentally – used when you have to keep doing something for a long time

backbreaking work is extremely tiring and needs a lot of physical effort

Clearing the land was slow backbreaking work.

Laborers were paid $2 a day for backbreaking farm work.

used when saying that something is extremely tiring

Factory work was repetitive and fatiguing.

令人困倦的；令人疲劳的，累人的

我们大家都经历了漫长而劳累的一天。


tissue

a piece of soft thin paper, used especially for blowing your nose on

light thin paper used for wrapping, packing etc

〔包装等用的〕薄纸，绵纸

the material forming animal or plant cells

a story or account that is completely untrue


title

the name given to a particular book, painting, play etc

〔书籍、绘画、戏剧等的〕题目，标题

这部剧的剧名是《奥赛罗》。

In everyday English, people usually say that something [is called ...](bold) , rather than saying [its title is ...](bold) :

[The play's [title is](bold) 'Blasted'.](strike)

a name such as ‘Sir’ or ‘Professor’, or abbreviations such as ‘Mrs’ or ‘Dr’, that are used before someone’s name to show their rank or profession, whether they are married etc

〔表明某人地位、职业、婚姻状况等的〕头衔，称谓

a name that describes someone’s job or position

the position of being the winner of an important sports competition

〔重大体育比赛中的〕冠军

泰森于1987年赢得了世界拳击协会冠军的头衔。

the legal right to have or own something

他拥有那块土地的所有权。


titled

having a title in the aristocracy, such as ‘lord’,duke,earl etc


to

<[used before the basic form of a verb to show that it is in the infinitive](bold)>

used after a verb, noun, or adjective when an infinitive completes its meaning

〔用于动词、名词或形容词后，使意思完整〕

This delicious dessert is easy to make (=you can make it easily).

这道美味的甜点制作容易。

used by itself instead of an infinitive in order to avoid repeating the same verb

〔代替不定式单独使用，以避免重复使用同一个动词〕

You can drive today if you want to (=if you want to drive).

你今天要是想开车，就开吧。

I could have helped, but nobody asked me to.

我本可以帮忙，但没人叫我。

used after a word such as ‘how’, ‘where’, ‘who’, ‘what’, or ‘whether’ to refer to an action about which someone is not certain

〔用于how、where、who、what或whether之后，表示某人不确定的某个行为〕

I know where to go but I don’t know how to get there.

我知道去什么地方，但我不知道怎样去。

She wondered whether or not to trust him.

They left early to catch the 7.30 train.

他们早早动身去赶7点30分的火车。

To find out more about university courses, write to this address.

想要了解更多大学课程的信息，按此地址来函。

We need more money to improve transport in London.

我们需要更多资金来改善伦敦的交通状况。

In written English, people often use [in order to](bold)  rather than just [to](bold)  when expressing a purpose or intention, because it sounds more formal:

Investment has been increased [in order to](bold) improve the transport system.

used to refer to an action or state, when describing it

〔用于描述某种行为或状态〕

To say I am disappointed is an understatement.

The simplest solution would be to increase the price.

最简单的解决办法就是提高价格。

used to say what can or cannot be done, or what should be done

〔用于表示能否做什么或应该做什么〕

You’ll soon be old enough to vote in elections.

你很快就到可以投票的年龄了。

我太累了，今晚没力气出去。

used after the verb ‘be’ to give an order or to state arrangements for the future

〔用于be动词后，表示下指令或说明未来的安排〕

他们将于5月25日结婚。

used to say what someone discovers or experiences when they do something

〔指某人做某事时的发现或经历〕

He arrived there to find that the last train had already left.

他赶到那里，发现最后一班火车已经开走了。

The princess stepped ashore to be greeted by an enthusiastic crowd of admirers.

王妃踏上岸，受到一群崇拜者的热烈欢迎。

She woke to see Ben standing by the window.

她醒来时看到本站在窗边。

used to say what your attitude or purpose is in saying something

〔说明说话的态度或目的〕

I’ve never heard of him, to be quite honest.

老实说，我从未听说过他。

首先，让我们来看第三章。


to

used to say where someone or something goes

These people go from house to house selling goods (=visit many different houses).

这些人挨家挨户兜售货物。

used to say who receives something or is told or shown something

She whispered something to the girl beside her.

她悄悄跟旁边的女孩说了些什么。

Give my best wishes to your parents when you see them.

见到你的父母，替我向他们问好。

Don’t show these letters to anyone else.

不要给其他任何人看这些信。

a message from the Emperor to his people

used to show in which direction something is in relation to something else

Knutsford is about 16 miles to the south of Manchester.

纳茨福德位于曼彻斯特以南约16英里。

There was a table to the left of the doorway.

used to show the purpose, event, or activity for which you go somewhere

Did you get an invitation to their wedding?

你接到他们婚礼的邀请函了吗？

Don’t forget, we’re going to a party tomorrow night.

别忘了，我们明晚要去参加聚会。

If he needed help, Mother came rushing to the rescue.

如果他需要帮助，母亲就赶紧来帮忙。

used to say what state someone or something is in as a result of an action or change

used to say that one thing is touching another

〔相互之间〕贴着，紧挨着

他拿着一把刀抵在她的喉咙上。

used to say where something is fastened or connected

Attach a recent photograph to your application form.

Cash machines are linked up to a central computer.

自动取款机和一台中央计算机连接。

used to show a relationship with someone or something

〔表明和某人或某事物的关系〕

George’s sister was married to an Italian.

乔治的姐姐嫁给了一个意大利人。

他是国王腓力六世的表亲。

The robbery may be linked to other crimes of violence.

这次抢劫可能和其他暴力犯罪有关联。

达到〔某一点或某个限度〕

She can already count from one to twenty.

她已经能从1数到20了。

水一直涨到了我们的膝部。

Temperatures dropped to 25 degrees below zero.

It’s ten kilometres from here to the coast.

从这儿到海边有10公里。

She read the novel from beginning to end.

她把小说从头到尾看了一遍。

Does your interest in nuclear physics extend to nuclear weaponry?

你对核物理的兴趣是不是还包括核武器？

until and including a particular time or date

〔时间或日期上〕直到，到 …为止〔并包括在内〕

They stayed from Friday night to Sunday morning.

他们从星期五晚上待到了星期日早上。

我从上午8点到晚上10点值班。

used to say what or who an action, attitude, situation etc affects or is related to

对，对于〔指受某一行为、某种态度或情况等影响的对象〕

The factory clearly represents a danger to health.

这家工厂对于健康显然是个危害。

What have you done to the radio? It’s not working.

你把收音机怎么了？它不响了。

Jane is secretary to the managing director.

used to say what something is needed for

I’m still waiting for an answer to my question.

我还在等待我的问题能有个回答。

used when comparing two things, numbers etc

England beat Scotland by two goals to one.

英格兰队以二比一击败了苏格兰队。

Yes, she was punished, but it was nothing to what she deserved.

是的，她受到了惩罚，但是与她应得的惩罚比起来根本不算什么。

used to say who has a particular attitude or opinion about something

对于 …而言，对 …来说

The whole thing sounds very suspicious to me.

整件事在我听来十分可疑。

Tickets cost £10 each and to some people that’s a lot of money.

门票每张10英镑，这对有些人来说是不少钱。

To my mind, age does not matter; love is what matters.

在我看来，年龄不是问题，爱情才最重要。

used to say what someone’s reaction is when something happens

〔表示某事发生时某人的反应〕

Much to everyone’s surprise she passed the exam with distinction.

让大伙吃惊的是，她竟然以优异的成绩通过了考试。

I discovered to my horror that my passport was missing.

我惊恐地发现我的护照不见了。

used when saying how much time there is before a particular event or time

〔离某事或某时间〕还差 …时间

离圣诞节只有两个星期了。

[ten to five/twenty to one etc](bold)(=ten minutes, twenty minutes etc before a particular hour)

used when talking about a rate or quantity to say how many smaller units equal a larger unit

等于，每一〔表示数量或比率〕

We’re only getting 130 yen to the dollar at the moment.

There are just over four and a half litres to a gallon.

1加仑大约有4.5升多一点。

used to show the relationship between two different measurements or quantities

〔用于表示两个不同度量或数量之间的关系〕

The car will do over 40 miles to the gallon.

这车1加仑汽油能行驶40多英里。

The scale of your map is one inch to the mile.

你这张地图的比例尺为一英寸比一英里。

used to say that a particular sound is heard at the same time as something happens

〔表示某事发生时伴随的声音〕

The royal couple arrived to a fanfare of trumpets.

王室夫妇在一片号角花彩声中抵达。

我喜欢听着音乐进行锻炼。

used between two numbers when you do not know exactly what the real number or amount is

至，到〔用于两个数字之间，表示估计数量〕

There must have been eighteen to twenty thousand people at the concert.

那场音乐会上肯定有一万八到两万人。

他淹死在10到12英尺深的水中。

if you have something or someone to yourself, you do not have to share them with other people

It was the first time I’d had a room to myself.

那是我第一次独自拥有一个房间。

used to say what the chances of something happening are

I’ll bet you ten to one he’ll forget all about it.

我和你打赌，他十有八九会把这事忘得干干净净。


to

if a door is pushed to, it closes or almost closes


toast

bread that has been heated so that it is brown on both sides and no longer soft

I had a [piece of toast](bold) for breakfast.

if you drink a toast to someone, you drink something in order to thank them, wish them luck etc

〔为答谢、祝福某人等而进行的〕祝酒，敬酒，干杯

I’d like to [propose a toast](bold)(=ask people to drink a toast) to the bride and groom.

to be very popular and praised by many people for something you have done in a particular field of work

百老汇/好莱坞等的大红人

他们坐在火边，温暖又舒适。

to be in trouble because of something you have done

如果你和她对着来，就是自找麻烦。


toast

to drink a glass of wine etc to thank someone, wish someone luck, or celebrate something

向 …敬酒，为 …举杯祝酒

They toasted the birth of their new baby with champagne.

他们用香槟酒庆贺自己孩子的出生。

to make bread or other food brown by placing it close to heat

烘，烤〔面包或其他食品〕

to sit near a fire to make yourself warm

〔坐在火边〕给 …取暖，使暖和


toaster

烤面包机，吐司[多士]炉


tobacco

the dried brown leaves that are smoked in cigarettes, pipes etc


today

I couldn’t go shopping yesterday so I’ll have to go today.

我昨天没能去买东西，所以今天我必须去。

[a week from today](bold) [also](special) [today week/a week today](bold) BrE

我们下周的这个时候要去度假。

Students today seem to know very little about geography.

如今的学生似乎对地理知识了解得很少。


today

Today’s computers are becoming much smaller and lighter.

现在的电脑越来越轻巧了。


toddler

a very young child who is just learning to walk

学步的孩童，刚学走路的幼儿


toe

[from head to toe](bold) at → [head](->head) 1 sense 1 [from top to toe](bold) at → [top](->top) 1 sense 23

one of the five movable parts at the end of your foot

He [stubbed](bold) his [toe](bold)(=hurt it by kicking it against something) on a rock.

他的脚趾踢到一块石头上受了伤。

[big toe](bold)(=the largest of your toes)

the part of a shoe or sock that covers the front part of your foot

to offend someone, especially by becoming involved in something that they are responsible for

〔尤指因涉足别人负责的事情而〕得罪某人，触犯某人

to make sure that someone is ready for anything that might happen

使某人随时准备行动；使某人保持警觉

They do random checks to keep workers on their toes.

他们进行随机抽查，让工人不懈怠。

to make someone feel very embarrassed or uncomfortable

使某人极度尴尬；使某人非常不自在

to bend downwards so that your hands touch your toes, without bending your knees

〔膝盖不弯曲〕躬身用手碰脚趾

to try a little of something or try an activity for a short time to see if you like it


toe

[past tense and past participle](italic) [toed](bold) [present participle](italic) [toeing](bold)

to do what other people in a job or organization say you should do, whether you agree with them or not

〔不管同意与否〕听从命令，服从纪律，按规定行事

You toe the line or you don’t stay on the team!

你要么服从纪律，要么就别待在队里！


toenail

the hard part that covers the top of each of your toes


together

[bring together](bold) at → [bring](->bring) [get together](bold) at → [get](->get) [get your act together](bold) at → [act](->act) 1 sense 4 [hold together](bold) at → [hold](->hold) 1 [piece sth together](bold) at → [piece](->piece) 2 [pull together](bold) at → [pull](->pull) 1

if two or more people do something together, they do it with each other

一起，共同，一齐，一块儿

We’ve very much enjoyed [working together](bold).

我们在一起工作非常开心。

They’ve decided to spend more time together.

他们决定要花更多时间在一起。

He and my father were at school together.

Together they went back inside the villa.

if you put two or more things together, you join them so that they touch or form one whole thing or group

He’d tried to glue the broken pieces together.

他曾试图把那些碎片粘在一起。

He took the engine apart and then put it [back together](bold) again.

他把发动机拆开，然后又重新装起来。

The model was held together with string.

那个模型是用细绳连在一起的。

if two people are together, they are married, or are having a romantic or sexual relationship

在一起〔指夫妻或有恋爱关系或性关系的两个人〕

Mark and I have been together eight years now.

马克和我在一起已经八年了。

A lot of people [live together](bold) before getting married.

Sometimes I don’t know what [keeps](bold) us [together](bold).

有时我都不知道是什么让我们在一起的。

if you keep, collect etc things together, you keep or collect them all in one place

She keeps all the important documents together in one file.

她把所有重要的文件都一起保存在一个文件夹里。

Embarrassed, she gathered her things together and left.

她尴尬地收起东西离开了。

Goods of a similar kind should be stored together.

if people or objects are close together, packed together etc, they are placed very near to each other

紧挨在一起/塞在一起/挤在一起等

The trees had been planted a little too close together.

The climbers were sitting huddled together for warmth.

登山者紧挨着坐在一起取暖。

if you rub or hit things together, you rub or hit them against each other

Max was rubbing his hands together with glee.

Knock the brushes together to clean them.

把刷子相互拍一拍弄干净。

if people are together, come together etc, they are or become united, especially in order to try and achieve something

团结一致地，齐心协力地，合作地

团结一致，我们就能取胜。

The Conference called on all good men to [come together](bold) to resist socialism.

He said that the main purpose of the Baha'i faith was to [bring people together](bold).

他说巴哈伊教的主要宗旨是把人们团结起来。

Both letters should have arrived. I mailed them together.

两封信都应该到了。我是一起寄的。

[all together (now)](bold)(=used to tell a group of people to all say or do something at the same time)

好的，伙计们。现在大家一起来——推！

when two amounts or quantities are added together, they are combined

Add these numbers together and then divide the total by 7.

把这些数字相加，然后把总数除以7。

Together they won only 21% of the votes.

他们一共只获得21%的选票。

The table and chairs are together worth about £200.

桌子和椅子合计约200英镑。

和某物/某人一起，连同某物/某人

Just bring it back to the store, together with your receipt.

把它连同收据一起拿回店里来就行了。

Becoming self-employed meant giving up a secure salary, together with sick leave and long vacation time.

自己单干意味着放弃稳定的工资，没有病假，不能休长假。

used to mention someone else who is also involved in an activity or situation

He, together with Bill Dunn, decided to climb out of the canyon.

他和比尔•邓恩一起决定爬出峡谷。


together

someone who is together is confident, thinks clearly, and does things in a sensible organized way – used to show approval

〔人〕思路清晰的，处事明智的，条理井然的〔含褒义〕


toilet

a room with a toilet in it, in someone’s house or in a public place

a room with a toilet in it, in someone’s house. In British English, [bathroom](bold) is used especially when you want to be polite. In American English, it is the usual word to use

a room in a public place that has one or more toilets in it

She went into the store to use the restroom.

a room with a toilet in it. In American English [lavatory](bold) is used mainly for toilets in a public building or on a plane. In British English it is used both about public toilets and toilets in people’s houses

He didn’t have time to visit the lavatory.

a room with a toilet in it. [Loo](bold) is very common in everyday spoken British English

a very informal word for a toilet, which is not considered polite

I’ve got to go to the men’s room. Excuse me.

an outdoor toilet in a camp or military area

a type of toilet for men that is attached to a wall

a chair with a bowl in it, used as a toilet, especially in hospitals and homes for old people

a container which is used as a toilet, especially in hospitals by people who are too ill or weak to get out of bed

He got up to go to the toilet in the middle of the night.

Does anyone need the toilet before we set off?

He set off across the square in search of a public toilet.

(=one that is outside a house, not in it)

The house was small, with no hot water and an outside toilet.

Many cottages lacked a bathroom or indoor toilet.

Toilet facilities are available at the bus station.

a large bowl that you sit on to get rid of waste liquid or waste matter from your body

He [flushed the toilet](bold)(=pulled the handle so that water ran into the toilet to clean it).

to pass waste liquid or waste matter from your body

the act of washing and dressing yourself


toilet paper

soft thin paper used for cleaning yourself after you have used the toilet


token

a round piece of metal that you use instead of money in some machines

〔在某些机器上用来代替钱的〕金属代币

something that represents a feeling, fact, event etc

[a token of your gratitude/respect/appreciation etc](bold)

Please accept this gift as a small token of our appreciation.

区区薄礼，略表谢意，还请笑纳。

[by the same token](bold) at → [same](->same) 1 sense 8

a special piece of paper that you can exchange for a book, record etc in a shop

〔商店的〕购书礼券/唱片礼券/礼品券


token

a token action, change etc is small and not very important, and is usually only done so that someone can pretend that they are dealing with a problem

〔行为、变化等〕装样子的，装模作样的

The government thinks it can get away with token gestures on environmental issues.

someone who is included in a group to make everyone think that the group has all types of people in it, when this is not really true

〔吸收进某团体以示平等的〕象征性女性/黑人等

done as a first sign that an agreement, promise etc will be kept and that more will be done later

象征性的〔指为了表示守信而做，并将会做得更多〕

A small token payment will keep the bank happy.

象征性地付点钱，银行就会满意了。


tolerance

willingness to allow people to do, say, or believe what they want without criticizing or punishing them

the degree to which someone can suffer pain, difficulty etc without being harmed or damaged

〔某人对痛苦、困难等的〕忍受程度，忍耐力

Many old people have a very limited tolerance to cold.


tolerant

allowing people to do, say, or believe what they want without criticizing or punishing them

Luckily, my parents were tolerant of my choice of music.

幸运的是，父母对我选择听什么音乐持宽容态度。

plants that are tolerant of particular weather or soil conditions can exist in those conditions

〔植物〕能在 …情况下生存的，耐 …的

trees that are tolerant of salt sea winds


tolerate

to accept unpleasant behaviour or an unpleasant situation, even though you do not like it

We will not tolerate any kind of racism.

to accept unpleasant behaviour or an unpleasant situation even though you do not like it. [Put up with](bold) is less formal than [tolerate](bold), and is the usual word to use in everyday English

I don’t see how you can put up with the constant noise.

Many people put up with poor pay and working conditions because they are afraid of losing their jobs.

to agree or deal with a situation you do not like but cannot change

to accept or be forced to accept an unpleasant situation – used especially about things which cause you pain or make you feel upset. [Bear](bold) is more formal than [stand](bold)

I don’t know how you’ve stood it for so long.

Maisie couldn’t bear the pain any longer.

to accept an unpleasant situation or someone’s unpleasant behaviour without becoming upset

She was shouting at him and he just stood there and took it.

to accept a bad situation as a permanent part of your life that you cannot change

I’ve had back pain for many years and I’ve just learned to live with it.

The guilt I felt was very hard to live with.

to accept an unpleasant or difficult situation for a long time

The victims of this war have endured tremendous pain and suffering.

The refugees endured cramped and filthy conditions.

to allow people to do, say, or believe something without criticizing or punishing them

We simply will not tolerate vigilante groups on our streets.

我们决不容许有自行惩办犯罪的组织出现在我们的街头。

to be able to accept something unpleasant or difficult, even though you do not like it

我受不了这种长时间工作。

In everyday English, people usually say [stand](bold)  rather than [tolerate](bold) :

I don’t know how she can [stand](bold) working there.

if a plant tolerates particular weather or soil conditions, it can exist in them

〔植物〕能在 …情况下生存，耐 …

if a person or their body can tolerate a food or other substance, it can use it without becoming ill

〔某人或人体〕对 …有耐受性

Women’s bodies can tolerate less alcohol than men’s.

女性的体质对酒精的耐受力比男性要差一些。


toll

the number of people killed or injured in a particular accident, by a particular illness etc

〔事故、疾病等造成的〕死亡人数，伤亡人数

死亡人数已上升到83人。

The bombings [took](bold) a heavy [toll](bold), killing hundreds of Londoners.

轰炸造成严重伤亡，有几百名伦敦市民丧生。

a very bad effect that something has on something or someone over a long period of time

Years of smoking have [taken](bold) their [toll](bold) on his health.

多年吸烟已严重损害他的健康。

the money you have to pay to use a particular road, bridge etc

〔道路、桥梁等的〕通行费

the sound of a large bell ringing slowly


toll

if a large bell tolls, or if you toll it, it keeps ringing slowly, especially to show that someone has died

〔尤指为丧者〕敲（钟），鸣（钟）


tomato

a round soft red fruit eaten raw or cooked as a vegetable


tomb

a stone structure above or below the ground where a dead person is buried


tomorrow

[a week from tomorrow](bold) [also](special) [a week tomorrow/tomorrow week](bold) BrE

特里的新工作从明天算起一个星期后开始。


tomorrow

来日，未来〔尤指不久的将来〕

The computers of tomorrow will be smaller and more powerful.

未来的电脑体积更小，功能更强大。

do something very quickly and carelessly, without worrying about the future

Rita’s spending money like there’s no tomorrow.

丽塔正在拼命花钱，就像过了今天没有明天似的。


ton

a unit for measuring weight, equal to 2,240 pounds or 1,016 kilograms in Britain, and 2,000 pounds or 907.2 kilograms in the US

to get very angry with someone about something they have done

to have a strong emotional effect on someone


tone

I tried to keep my tone pleasant and conversational.

(=showing that you do not want to be involved in an argument with someone)

(=showing no emotion when what you are saying is exciting, frightening, upsetting, etc )

His tone was matter-of-fact, but she noticed he was shaking.

He spoke slowly, in a calm and measured tone.

(=quick and clear, but not very friendly)

Davis’s secretary informed him in clipped tones: ‘Mr Davis is not here.’

They sat at the far end of the carriage, talking in hushed tones.

(=a very sweet and gentle voice – often used humorously to mean the opposite)

I could hear Martha’s dulcet tones bellowing that dinner was ready.

Try talking to the child in a firm but soothing tone of voice.

the way your voice sounds, which shows how you are feeling or what you mean

〔说话的〕语气，口气，腔调

‘You must be Annie,’ he said in a friendly tone.

“你一定是安妮。”他语气友好地说道。

It was obvious from her [tone of voice](bold) that she didn’t like me.

从她的语气明显听得出来她不喜欢我。

[don’t take that tone with me](bold)(=do not speak to me in that rude or unpleasant way)

the quality of a sound, especially the sound of a musical instrument or someone’s voice

〔尤指乐器或人声的〕音调，音色，音质

‘No I didn’t,’ he said in a [low tone](bold)(=quietly).

“不，我没有。”他轻声说。

[deep-toned/even-toned/shrill-toned etc](bold)(=having a low, calm etc tone)

the general feeling or attitude expressed in a piece of writing, a speech, an activity etc

〔作品、演讲、活动等的〕基调，格调；气氛

The meetings were noted for their deeply religious tone.

那些聚会以其浓厚的宗教色彩著称。

[set the tone (for/of sth)](bold)(=establish the general attitude or feeling of an event, activity etc)

Opening remarks are important since they set the tone for the rest of the interview.

开场白很重要，因为它为随后的访谈确定了基调。

one of the many types of a particular colour, each slightly darker, lighter, brighter etc than the next

可能再深一点的色调更好。

your [skin tone](bold)(=the colour of your skin)

The dried colour is slightly deeper in tone than it appears when first applied.

颜色干了之后比刚涂上去时要略深一点。

a sound made by electronic equipment, such as a telephone

〔电话等电子设备发出的〕声音

[dialling tone](bold) BrE, [dial tone](bold) AmE(=the sound you hear when you pick up the telephone that lets you know that you can make a call)

[engaged tone](bold) BrE, [busy tone](bold) AmE(=the sound you hear when you telephone someone but they are already talking to someone else)

to make a place or event more or less socially acceptable, attractive etc

提升/降低（ …的）格调

That horrible building lowers the whole tone of the neighborhood.

那栋丑陋的建筑物降低了周边的整体格调。

Trust you to lower the tone of the conversation (=by making rude remarks etc).

就知道你会拉低谈话的格调。

how firm and strong your muscles or skin are

〔肌肉的〕结实度，强健性；〔皮肤的〕紧实度，弹性

A regular brisk walk will improve [muscle tone](bold).

经常快走能使肌肉更加紧实。

the difference in pitch between two musical notes that are separated by one key on the piano

how high or low your voice is when you produce different sounds

There is a [falling tone](bold) on the first syllable and a [rising tone](bold) on the other.

第一个音节是降调，另一个音节是升调。


tone

to improve the strength and firmness of your muscles, skin etc

使〔肌肉等〕更强健，使〔皮肤〕更紧实

Exercise can strengthen and tone muscles.

锻炼能使肌肉更强健结实。

He began to use weights in order to tone up his body.


tongue

[on the tip of your tongue](bold) at → [tip](->tip) 1 sense 5 [hold your tongue](bold) at → [hold](->hold) 1 sense 29

the soft part inside your mouth that you can move about and use for eating and speaking

The taste of the chocolate was still on her tongue.

巧克力的余味依然留在她的舌尖。

The girl scowled at me, then [stuck out](bold) her [tongue](bold).

女孩怒视着我，然后吐了一下舌头。

to make a sharp noise with your tongue to show that you are annoyed or disappointed

She clicked her tongue and shook her head.

她咂了一下嘴，摇了摇头。

if you have a sharp tongue, you often talk in a way that shows you are angry

Gina’s sharp tongue will get her into trouble one day.

吉娜那张尖刻的嘴巴早晚会给她惹麻烦的。

if you have a silver tongue, you can talk in a way that makes people like you or persuades them that you are right

able to talk in a very angry or pleasant way

说话尖刻的/说话动听的等

if you say something with your tongue in your cheek, you say it as a joke, not seriously

〔说话〕不当真，开玩笑地

Did I say $100? It must have been a slip of the tongue.

我说100美元吗？那一定是口误。

to stop yourself saying something because you know it would not be sensible to say it

I wanted to argue, but I had to bite my tongue.

我想辩驳，但又不得不保持缄默。

used to ask someone why they are not talking

怎么不说话了？怎么哑巴了？

to be able to say a difficult word or phrase

说出〔某个拗口的词或短语〕

I couldn’t get my tongue around the names of the villages we’d visited.

我说不上来我们去过的那些村庄的名字。

if a name or phrase trips or rolls off your tongue, it is easy or pleasant to say

Their names trip off the tongue very easily.

if something such as alcohol loosens your tongue, it makes you talk a lot

〔喝酒等〕使某人话多，使某人管不住嘴

The wine had certainly loosened her tongue.

她喝了酒，话当然就多了起来。

to say something after you have been silent for a time because you were afraid or shy

〔因害怕或害羞而在沉默之后〕终于开口说话

Polly found her tongue at last and told them about the attack.

波莉终于开口说话，告诉了他们袭击的经过。

to do something that people will talk about in an unkind way

Angela’s divorce will certainly set tongues wagging.

安杰拉的离婚肯定会招来闲言碎语。

used to tell someone that they should talk politely to people

to say things that are not true – used humorously

to talk using strange words as part of a religious experience

〔在宗教仪式中〕讲不为人知的语言

Anton lapsed into his own tongue when he was excited.

[mother/native tongue](bold)(=the language you learn as a child)

She felt more comfortable talking in her native tongue.

the tongue of a cow or sheep, cooked and eaten cold

口条〔牛羊的舌头，可做凉菜〕

Huge tongues of fire were licking the side of the building.

巨大的火舌吞卷着大楼的一侧。

the part of a shoe that lies on top of your foot, under the part where you tie it


tongue

to use your tongue to make separate sounds when playing a musical instrument

〔演奏管乐器时〕用运舌法吹奏（音符）


too

阿曼达太小了，还不能结婚。

I was getting too old for romantic relationships.

我的年龄已经不适合谈情说爱了。

My boots were three sizes too big for me.

The correct word order is [too](bold)  + adjective + [a ](bold) + noun: It is too high a price to pay. It’s too big a risk.
Don’t say: [It is a too high price to pay.](strike)  [It’s a too big risk.](strike)

You use [too](bold)  before an adjective. You say: The house is too expensive.

You use [too much](bold)  before a noun. You say: The house costs too much money.

Don’t use [too much](bold)  before an adjective.
Don’t say: [The house is too much expensive.](strike)

There were people from all over Europe, and America too.

有来自欧洲各地的人，也有来自美国的人。

“我觉得饿了。” “我也是。”

It’s a more efficient system and it’s cheaper too.

这个系统更有效，也更便宜。

[Too](bold)  is usually used at the end of a sentence or clause: He was a teacher too.

In more formal English, [too ](bold)  is also used near the beginning of a sentence, after the subject, or after an adverb or phrase: We too must play our part. Here, too, there are problems with the economy.

〔与否定词连用，表示“不很”、“不是非常”〕

‘What was the weather like?’ ‘Oh, not too bad.’

“天气如何？” “噢，不是太糟。”

She was [none too](bold) pleased (=not at all pleased) when I told her.

我告诉她时，她一点也不高兴。

used to emphasize that a particular situation exists when you wish it did not exist

很，极，非常〔强调不希望存在但事实上存在之事〕

Beggars are becoming an all too familiar sight in our cities.

在我们的城市里，乞丐已经是见多不怪了。

I regret to say that these rumours are only too true.

我遗憾地说，这些传言完全属实。

used to emphasize a remark that you are adding

‘He’s been banned from driving.’ ‘A good thing too!’

“他被禁驾了。” “这也是好事！”

‘A woman farmer?’ asked Gabriel. ‘Yes, and a rich one too.’

“一个女农场主？”加布里埃尔问道。“对，还是一个有钱的女农场主。”

used to emphasize that you disagree with what someone has said about someone or something

我/他/你等其实[一定] …！〔用于断然表示不同意〕

‘You’re not smart enough to use a computer.’ ‘I am too!’

“你不够机灵，不会用电脑。” “我肯定会！”

used to say that something is so difficult, tiring, upsetting etc that someone cannot do it or bear it

非某人能力所及；非某人所能忍受

这个打击对他来说太大了。

used to complain that not enough is being done to solve a problem and that the action did not start early enough

太少也太晚〔用于抱怨没有及时采取充分行动解决某问题〕

Doctors have criticized the government’s response to the crisis as too little, too late.


tool

[down tools](bold) at → [down](->down) 2 sense 3

something that you hold in your hand and use to do a particular job

I don’t have the right tools to start fiddling around with the engine.

我没有合适的工具来捣鼓发动机。

a piece of equipment or a skill that is useful for doing your job

工具〔指职业上有用的器具或技能〕

Television is an important tool for the modern teacher.

电视是现代教师重要的工具。

These books are [the tools of](bold) my [trade](bold)(=the things I need to do my job).

这些书是我工作时的必备工具。

someone who is used unfairly by another person and who has to do things they do not really want to do – used to show disapproval

〔被人利用的〕工具〔指人，含贬义〕

The king was merely a tool of the military government.


tool

to drive along a street, especially for fun

He spent the afternoon tooling around town.

他下午开着车在城里转悠。


tooth

[armed to the teeth](bold) at → [armed](->armed) sense 1 [cut your teeth on sth](bold) at → [cut](->cut) 1 sense 23 [by the skin of your teeth](bold) at → [skin](->skin) 1 sense 9 [a kick in the teeth](bold) at → [kick](->kick) 2 sense 5 [lie through your teeth](bold) at → [lie](->lie) 2 sense 1 [have a sweet tooth](bold) at → [sweet](->sweet) 1 sense 7 [take the bit between your teeth](bold) at → [bit](->bit) 2 sense 9

(=clean between your teeth using dental floss)

My dentist said I should floss my teeth more.

He’s gone to the dentist to have a tooth out.

Many of the men had lost all their teeth by the age of 40.

The dentist announced that she would have to extract two teeth.

(=show them, especially in an angry or threatening way)

He was gritting his teeth against the pain.

(=move them against each other because you are angry)

(=put your teeth into someone’s flesh, into food etc)

The dog sank its teeth into the boy’s hand.

(=hit together quickly because someone is cold or afraid)

My teeth began to chatter, and I regretted leaving my jacket behind.

Poor little Patrick was cutting another tooth and we had hardly had any sleep.

The fish has small but very sharp teeth.

She smiled, showing a mouthful of perfect teeth.

She felt ashamed of her bad teeth and rarely smiled.

He grinned at me, showing rotten, crooked teeth.

Brushing regularly helps prevent tooth decay.

one of the hard white objects in your mouth that you use to bite and eat food

→ [baby tooth](->baby tooth) [canine tooth](bold) at → [canine](->canine) 2 sense 1 → [eye tooth](->eye tooth) sense 2 → [milk tooth](->milk tooth) → [wisdom tooth](->wisdom tooth) → [buck teeth](->buck teeth) → [false teeth](->false teeth) → [gap-toothed](->gap-toothed)

one of the sharp or pointed parts that sticks out from the edge of a comb or saw

if a law or an organization has teeth, it has the power to force people to obey it

〔法律或组织〕具有效力，有执行力

We need an Environment Agency that really has teeth.

我们需要一个有真正执行力的环境保护机构。

to try with a lot of effort or determination to do something

We fought tooth and nail to get these plans accepted.

我们全力争取让这些计划被接受。

to start to do something with a lot of energy and determination

全力投入某事；专注于某事

I can’t wait to get my teeth into the new course.

我迫不及待地想投入新课程中。

in spite of opposition or danger from something

Permission for the development was granted in the teeth of opposition from local shopkeepers.

这个开发项目在当地店主的一片反对声中获得了批准。

if a sound or taste sets your teeth on edge, it gives you an uncomfortable feeling in your mouth

〔声音、味道等〕使某人感到不舒服

a horrible scraping sound that set my teeth on edge

让我浑身难受的刺耳刮擦声


toothache

I had [terrible toothache](bold) all last night.

昨天一晚上我的牙疼得厉害。


toothbrush

a small brush that you use for cleaning your teeth


toothpaste

a thick substance that you use to clean your teeth


top

The tops of the mountains were still covered with snow.

She could only just see over the tops of their heads.

她从他们的头顶上望过去，勉强才能看到。

He was standing at the top of the stairs.

在页面的上端写下你的名字。

Stop and wait for us when you get to the top of the slope.

你到坡顶时停下来等等我们。

I filled the glass [right to the top](bold).

The book I wanted was at the [very top](bold) of the pile.

我想要的那本书在这摞书的最上面。

We could just see the white cliff tops in the distance.

远处白色的崖顶依稀可见。

We walked along the top of the ancient city walls.

She put the papers down on the top of the piano.

她把文件放在钢琴台面上。

Her fingers drummed on the [table top](bold).

the best, most successful, or most important position in an organization, company, or profession

〔机构、公司、行业等中的〕巅峰，最重要的职位，最高位

He has reached the top of his profession.

It’s the people at the top who make the decisions.

作出决策的是高层的那些人。

All young footballers dream of making it to the top.

所有年轻的足球运动员都梦想成为顶尖球员。

the groups that are currently at [the top](bold) of [the tree](bold)(=the highest position in a profession) in the pop world

目前流行乐坛最顶尖的组合

something that you put on or over an object to cover it, protect it, or prevent liquid coming out of it

You’ve left the top off the toothpaste again!

你又没有盖上牙膏的盖子！

Can you put the top back on the bottle when you’ve finished with it?

你用完以后把瓶盖盖回去好吗？

有人看到我的钢笔帽了吗？

a piece of clothing that you wear on the upper part of your body

她穿着一件条纹针织上衣。

我找不到我的睡衣上装了。

something that is at the top of a list will be dealt with or discussed first

是清单上/议事日程上的第一件事

Europe is once again at the top of the political agenda.

欧洲问题再一次成为政治议程上的头等大事。

on the highest part or surface of something

Can you cut it quite short on top, please.

请把我头顶上的头发理短一点。

After the first set, the Australian was comfortably on top.

第一盘后，这位澳大利亚选手轻松领先。

There should be an envelope on top of the fridge.

冰箱上面应该有一个信封。

完全控制某事物；对某事物摸得一清二楚

Don’t worry; I’m back on top of things now.

不要担心，我现在又完全控制了局面。

I should be more on top of my work next week.

下周我应该会把工作做得更好。

if something bad happens to you on top of something else, it happens when you have other problems

除 …之外（还有其他问题）

On top of everything else, I now have to go to work next Saturday!

除了这些，我下周六还要上班！

We stacked the crates one on top of the other.

我们把板条箱一个个摞起来。

if something dangerous or threatening is on top of you, it is very near you

〔危险或威胁〕非常接近某人，逼近某人

if your work or a problem gets on top of you, it begins to make you feel unhappy and upset

〔工作或问题〕压得某人受不了

Things are starting to get on top of him.

事情开始压得他招架不住。

to win a difficult struggle or argument, especially one that has continued for a long time

〔尤指经过长期的艰苦斗争或争论后〕胜出，获胜

It’s difficult to predict who will come out on top.

When I heard she’d been released I felt on top of the world!

听说她已释放，我真是高兴坏了！

the part of a fruit or vegetable where it was attached to the plant, or the leaves of a plant whose root you can eat

〔植物的〕顶梢部分；〔根部可食用的植物的〕叶子

我找到了一种烹饪甜菜叶的方法。

the part of the street or of a piece of land that is the furthest away from you

the cream that rises to the top of a bottle of milk

〔瓶装牛奶最上面的〕顶层乳

the part of a long dinner table where the most important people sit

〔长餐桌上地位最高者坐的〕餐桌首席，上席，上座

if you say something off the top of your head, you say it immediately, without thinking carefully about it or checking the facts

立即，马上，不假思索地〔说出某事〕

Just off the top of my head, I’d say there were about 50.

要马上说的话，我认为大约有50个。

Angela ran out of the house, shouting at the top of her voice.

安杰拉跑出房子，放声大喊。

to be doing your job, especially playing a sport, very well

发挥出色〔尤指体育运动〕

an expression meaning from the beginning, used especially in the theatre

从头，从最开始〔尤为戏剧用语〕

Right, let’s take it from the top once more.

好了，让我们从头再来一遍。

if you clean or search somewhere from top to bottom, you do it very thoroughly

The whole house needs cleaning from top to bottom.

整座房子需要彻底打扫一遍。

if a person is dressed or covered in something from top to toe, they are completely dressed or covered in it

从头到脚，浑身上下〔穿着某物或被某物覆盖〕

They were covered in mud from top to toe.

the general result or meaning of a situation, expressed in a few words

〔用几句话概括的某情况的〕结果，实质

He’s trying to embarrass you, that’s the top and bottom of it.

Poor Nigel, he doesn’t have very much up top.

可怜的奈杰尔，他没什么头脑。

a child’s toy that spins around on its point when you twist it

The impact of the blow sent me spinning like a top.


top

We have a flat on the [top floor](bold) of the building.

我们在这座大楼的顶层有一套公寓。

I managed to scrape off the top layer of paint.

我设法刮掉了最外层的油漆。

I found the letter in the top drawer of his desk.

我在他书桌最上面的抽屉里发现了那封信。

最佳的，最好的；最成功的

one of the world’s top engineering companies

Barcelona remain top of the league after beating Real Madrid.

巴塞罗那队击败皇家马德里队后继续位居联赛榜首。

Despite losing last night, Manchester United are still top (=the highest in a list of clubs in a competition).

曼联队尽管昨晚比赛失利，但仍位居榜首。

expressions meaning the picture at the top of a page on the left or right or in the centre, used in magazines and newspapers

左上/右上/中上图〔指报纸杂志中图片在页面上的位置〕

Top right: silk blouse £195 from Harrods.

右上图: 哈罗德百货的女式丝绸衬衫，售价195英镑。

〔交通工具的〕最高速，全速

我们在高速公路上全速行驶。

a sports car with a top speed of 140 miles per hour

最高时速140英里的跑车

the thing that you think is most important

需要优先考虑的事，当务之急

Education is this government’s top priority.

教育是本届政府的头等大事。

a letter or document from which copies can be made


top

[past tense and past participle](italic) [topped](bold) [present participle](italic) [topping](bold)

Their profits have reportedly topped £1,000,000 this year.

据报道，他们今年的利润已超过100万英镑。

to be in the highest position in a list because you are the most successful

居于 …之首，处于 …的最高位置

The Tower of London tops the list of London’s most popular tourist attractions.

在伦敦最受欢迎的旅游景点中，伦敦塔名列第一。

the team that has topped the Premiership for the last three seasons

在超级联赛最近三个赛季都高居榜首的球队

In 1998 the group [topped](bold) the [charts](bold) with the song ‘Don’t Stop Loving Me’.

1998年该组合凭借一首《不要停止爱我》高居排行榜榜首。

if you top something, you do something that is better than it

He topped his previous best performance, coming second in the 100 metres.

他刷新了之前的个人最好成绩，在100米项目中获得第二名。

A rival company topped our offer by $5 million.

一家竞争公司比我们的报价高出500万美元。

if food is topped with something, it has that thing on it or over the top of it

〔食物〕上面盖了一层某物

a strawberry tart topped with whipped cream

上面浇了掼奶油的草莓馅饼

The cake can be topped off with fresh fruit.

蛋糕上面可以放些新鲜水果。

in addition to other bad things that have happened to you

更糟糕的是，我还丢了工作。

used when you are asking someone if they have done something more exciting or successful than you

Well, I’ve been asked to appear on a TV show later this year, so top that!

嗯，我已经接到了邀请，今年晚些时候要参加一个电视节目，你能比这还厉害吗！

to cut the top and bottom off a piece of fruit or a vegetable

去掉〔水果或蔬菜〕的两头

if you top a hill, you reach the top of it

We topped the hill and looked down towards the valley below us.

我们登上山顶，俯瞰下面的山谷。


topic

Her favourite topic of conversation is herself.

The issue is a topic of great debate in the record industry.

The main topics covered are finance, health and leisure.

The legal team will discuss a number of important topics.

(=one that a lot of people are discussing or arguing about)

Gangs and drugs are the hot topics in this district.

(=one that causes a lot of disagreement, because many people have strong opinions about it)

Abortion is one of the most controversial topics in America today.

(=one that must be dealt with very carefully, because it may offend people)

It is unusual for a judge to speak publicly about a sensitive topic such as religion.

The book covers such topics as business strategy and marketing.

It’s still a very difficult topic to raise.

Before we leave this topic, may I add one more thing.

a subject that people talk or write about

〔讲话或写作的〕话题，论题，题目

The environment is a popular topic these days.

如今环境是一个热门话题。

We shall return to the topic of education in Chapter 7.

我们将在第7章再回到教育这个话题。

[topic of conversation/debate etc](bold)

The wedding has been the only topic of conversation for weeks.

婚礼成了几个星期来唯一的话题。

The main [topic for discussion](bold) will be the proposed new supermarket.

讨论的主要议题是拟建中的超级市场。


topple

to become unsteady and then fall over, or to make something do this

（使）不稳而倒下，（使）倒塌

A stack of plates swayed, and began to topple over.

一大摞盘子摇摇晃晃，接着就倒了下来。

to take power away from a leader or government, especially by force

〔尤指通过暴力〕使倒台，颠覆，推翻

This scandal could topple the government.


torch

a small electric lamp that you carry in your hand

a long stick with burning material at one end that produces light


torch

to deliberately make a building, vehicle etc start to burn

暴徒纵火烧毁了几辆废弃的汽车。


torture

an act of deliberately hurting someone in order to force them to tell you something, to punish them, or to be cruel

He died after five days of excruciating torture.

他在遭受五天的严刑拷打之后死了。

〔身心所受的〕折磨，煎熬

这样的等待对你来说肯定是一种煎熬。


torture

to deliberately hurt someone in order to force them to give you information, to punish them, or to be cruel

拷打，拷问；对 …施以酷刑

Political opponents of the regime may be tortured.

这个政权的政治异己可能会遭受酷刑。

if a feeling or knowledge tortures you, it makes you suffer a lot mentally

〔精神上〕使受到折磨，使痛苦；使苦恼

Rachel sat alone for hours at home, tortured by jealousy.

雷切尔独自在家里坐了好几个小时，备受嫉妒心的折磨。


toss

to throw something, especially something light, with a quick gentle movement of your hand

扔，掷，抛〔尤指轻的东西〕

She crumpled the letter and tossed it into the fire.

她把信揉成一团，扔进了火里。

‘Catch!’ said Sandra, tossing her bag to him.

“接着！”桑德拉边说边把她的包扔给他。

to move about continuously in a violent or uncontrolled way, or to make something do this

（使）动来动去；（使）翻转不停

The small boat was tossed about like a cork.

小船像软木般被水流抛来抛去。

to keep changing your position in bed because you cannot sleep

〔因睡不着在床上〕翻来覆去

I’ve been tossing and turning all night.

to throw a coin in the air, so that a decision will be made according to the side that faces upwards when it comes down

把（硬币）抛向空中〔以决定某事〕

They [tossed](bold) a [coin](bold) to decide who would go first.

We couldn’t make up our minds, so we decided to toss for it.

我们拿不定主意，所以决定抛硬币来定。

to throw something up into the air and let it fall to the ground

The crowd cheered, banging pots and tossing confetti into the air.

人群欢呼起来，又是敲锅敲碗，又是往空中抛撒五彩纸屑。

to throw a pancake upwards so that it turns over in the air and lands on the side that you want to cook

to move pieces of food about in a small amount of liquid so that they become covered with the liquid

〔在液体中〕摇晃，搅拌〔食物〕

Toss the carrots in some butter before serving.

上桌前把胡萝卜放在黄油里搅拌一下。

to move your head or hair back suddenly, often with a shaking movement showing anger

He tossed his head angrily and left the room.

他气愤地把头一甩，离开了房间。


toss

[argue the toss](bold) at → [argue](->argue) sense 5

the act of throwing a coin in the air to decide something, especially who will do something first in a game

[The toss of a coin](bold) decided who would go first.

马洛里抛硬币赢了，将由他来发球。

a sudden backwards movement of your head, so that your hair moves, often showing anger

‘I’ll see,’ the nurse said, with an officious [toss of](bold) her [head](bold).

护士架子十足地一甩头，说: “我看看再说。”

I really couldn’t give a toss what Sam thinks.

我对萨姆怎么想真的一点都不在乎。


total

The sales campaign was a total disaster.

那次促销活动彻底搞砸了。

a [total ban](bold) on cigarette advertising

He looked at her with a [total lack](bold) of comprehension.

a sport that demands [total commitment](bold)

需要全身心投入的体育运动

the number, amount etc that is the total

她一年的总收入是1万英镑。


total

The £1,750 raised by staff has been matched by the company, making a total of £3,500.

Police arrested more than 200 protesters yesterday, bringing the total detained to nearly 500.

He wants to add to his total of three Olympic gold medals.

Mrs Menzies said the final total could be as much as £750.

(=the whole of an amount, when everything is added together)

This was the sum total of her grandfather's possessions.

(=the sum of two or more amounts added together)

The Jones family has a combined total of 143 years' service with the company.

The Government plans to increase the annual total of 2,500 adoptions by up to 50%.

the final number or amount of things, people etc when everything has been counted

That’s £7 and £3.50, so the total is £10.50.

7英镑加上3.50英镑，所以总数是10.50英镑。

A total of thirteen meetings were held to discuss the issue.

总共举行了13次会议来讨论该议题。

There were probably about 40 people there in total.

[the sum total](bold)(=the whole of an amount when everything is considered together)

the final total, including all the totals added together

used humorously when you think the final total is small

〔自认为很小的〕总数〔幽默用法〕

我总共才挣了4.15美元。


total

[past tense and past participle](italic) [totalled](bold) [present participle](italic) [totalling](bold) ([BrE](bold)) [past tense and past participle](italic) [totaled](bold) [present participle](italic) [totaling](bold) ([AmE](bold))

The group had losses totalling $3 million this year.

该集团今年总计亏损300万美元。

[Total](bold)  is used especially in journalism. In everyday English, people usually say that something [makes](bold)  or [adds up to](bold)  a particular total:

to damage a car so badly that it cannot be repaired

查克把他爸爸那辆新丰田给毁了。


totally

That’s a [totally different](bold) matter.

It’s like learning a [totally new](bold) language.

这像是在学一门全新的语言。

Terrorism is totally unacceptable in a civilised world.

恐怖主义是文明社会绝不能容忍的。


touch

touch down
touch for
touch off
touch on/upon
touch up

[touch a (raw) nerve](bold) at → [nerve](->nerve) 1 sense 6 [touch wood](bold) at → [wood](->wood) sense 3

to put your fingers or hand onto someone or something for a very short time

to touch something with your fingers in order to find out about it

to touch something and pick it up and hold it in your hands

Children should always wash their hands before handling food.

The glass was very fragile, and she handled it with great care.

to touch or handle something with your fingers, especially while you are thinking of other things

She fingered the heavy necklace around her neck.

to move your hand over a surface while pressing it

to rub part of your body with your nails, often because it

to move your fingers lightly over someone’s body in order to make them laugh

to touch someone’s body in a sexual way when they do not want to be touched

The officer was accused of groping several women in his platoon.

to move your hand gently over something, especially in a loving way

to touch an animal or child lightly several times, with your hand flat

to touch and move your hand gently over someone, especially an animal or child

The goats, pigs, sheep, and cows here allow you to pet them.

to gently touch a part of someone’s body in a loving way

to touch a part of someone’s body in a loving or sexual way – use this especially about touching someone in a sexual way that is not wanted

He tried to fondle her and she immediately pulled away from him.

to put your hand, finger etc on someone or something

If your house has been burgled, you shouldn’t touch anything until the police arrive.

如果家中被盗，在警察赶到之前不要动任何物品。

有一只手碰了一下她的肩膀。

if two things touch, or one thing touches another thing, they reach each other so that there is no space between them

As our glasses touched, he said ‘Cheers!’

我们的酒杯相碰时，他说了声: “干杯！”

Her dress was so long that it was touching the ground.

她的连衣裙很长，都拖到地上了。

[Touch](bold)  is a reciprocal verb. This type of verb is used when saying that two or more people or things do something that involves both or all of them. It does not need to have an object: Their hands touched.  In this sentence, [touch](bold)  is intransitive and does not have an object.

You can also say: Their hands touched each other. His hand touched hers.  In these sentences, [touch](bold)  is transitive.

to move something so that it reaches something else with no space between the two things

She touched the handkerchief to her nose.

to affect someone’s emotions, especially by making them feel sympathy or sadness

Her plight has [touched the hearts](bold) of people around the world.

她的困境触动了全世界人的心弦。

She could sense his concern and it touched her.

她感到了他的关心，心里很感动。

→ [touched](->touched) → [touching](->touching) 1

to have an effect on someone or something, especially by changing or influencing them

He has touched the lives of many people.

Unemployment remains an evil that touches the whole community.

失业一直是影响整个社会的祸害。

He [was](bold) often [touched by](bold) doubt (=doubt affected him).

The law doesn’t allow him to touch any of the money.

法律不允许他动用一分钱。

It’s a long time since I’ve touched a piano.

我已有很长时间没碰过钢琴了。

What’s wrong? You’ve hardly touched your food.

怎么了？你都没怎么碰你的食物。

My grandfather was an alcoholic but I [never touch the stuff](bold)(=never drink alcohol).

我祖父是个酒鬼，但我滴酒不沾。

to not deal with something that you should deal with

I brought home loads of work, but I haven’t touched any of it yet.

我带了一大堆工作回家，但到现在为止还一点也没碰。

to not hurt someone or not damage something

The older boys swore they hadn’t touched the child.

那些大一点的男孩子发誓说没碰过那个小孩。

to become involved with or deal with a particular problem, situation, or person

He was the only lawyer who would touch the case.

他是唯一愿意接手此案的律师。

Everything he touches turns to disaster.

什么事一经他的手就糟糕。

No school would touch a teacher who had been convicted of assault.

没有一所学校愿意雇用一个犯过人身侵犯罪的老师。

At the time, the unemployment rate was touching 10 percent and rising.

当时，失业率达到了10%，而且还在上升。

to gently hit or kick a ball – used especially in reports of sports games

轻击，轻碰〔球；尤用于体育报道中〕

Evans was just able to touch the ball away from Wilkinson.

埃文斯刚好能够把球从威尔金森脚下踢开。

(AmE [not touch sth/sb with a ten-foot pole](bold) )

used to say that you think someone or something is bad and people should not be involved with them

决不与某事/某人有任何牵连；千万不要与某事/某人有瓜葛

Financial analysts have warned investors not to touch these offers with a ten-foot pole.

财经分析家告诫投资者千万不要理会这些提议。

to have a small amount of a particular quality

略微带点 …，轻微呈现 …

His voice was touched with the faintest of Italian accents.

他说话略微带一点意大利口音。

Her nails had been manicured and lightly touched with colour.

她的指甲修剪得整整齐齐，还涂了淡淡的颜色。

if an expression such as a smile touches your face, your face has that expression for a short time

〔笑容等〕在〔脸上〕闪现，掠过

to be about or to deal with a particular subject, situation, or problem

Though the question touched a new vein, Nelson answered promptly.

尽管这个问题涉及一个新的层面，纳尔逊还是迅速作了回答。

The discourse touches many of the issues which are currently popular.

这篇论文涉及很多时下热门的话题。

if light touches something, it shines on it

The sun was just touching the tops of the mountains.

used for saying that nothing or no one is as good as a particular person or thing

没有什么/没有人能比得上某人/某事物

He describes the events with a passion that no other writer can touch.

他以一种其他作家都无法比拟的热情描述了这些事件。

to talk to someone in order to find out how they are or what is happening

（与某人）交谈〔以得知某人的状态或发生了什么事〕

I just wanted to touch base and make sure you hadn’t changed your mind about seeing me.

我只是想问问，确认你没有改变主意不想见我。

to reach the ground at the bottom of a sea, river etc

He swam down but could not touch bottom.

他潜下水，但是碰不到底。

to reach the lowest level or worst condition

达到最低点；落到最坏的地步