pulse

[have/keep your finger on the pulse](bold) at → [finger](->finger) 1 sense 6

Remember to take your pulse at intervals while you are exercising.

The nurse left the room after checking the girl's pulse.

(=try to find and check someone's pulse)

I felt for a pulse, but I couldn't find one.

His pulse began to beat with a fierce rhythm.

His long fingers brushed hers, sending her pulse racing.

He heard a footfall in the passage outside and felt his pulse quicken.

He's breathing better. The pulse is stronger too.

Symptoms include a rapid pulse and dry skin.

A normal pulse is between 70 and 90 beats a minute.

The doctor checked my weight and pulse rate.

The rhythm was steady, as regular as a pulse beat.

the regular beat that can be felt, for example at your wrist, as your heart pumps blood around your body

His breathing was shallow and his [pulse](bold) was [weak](bold).

[take sb’s pulse](bold)(=count the beats of their pulse, usually by feeling their wrist)

The doctor listened to his breathing and checked his pulse.

医生听他的呼吸并检查了他的脉搏。

[find a pulse](bold)(=be able to feel a pulse, which shows that someone is alive)

I held his wrist, trying to find a pulse.

我抓住他的手腕，想找到脉搏。

她摸了摸他的颈部，没有脉搏。

[pulse rate](bold)(=the number of beats that can be felt in a minute)

If your pulse rate is between 90 and 100, it is likely that you are unfit.

Her [pulse raced](bold)(=beat very quickly) with excitement.

远处钢鼓乐队传来的鼓点声

an amount of sound, light, or electricity that continues for a very short time

the ideas, feelings, or opinions that are most important to a particular group of people or have the greatest influence on them at a particular time

Clinton had an uncanny ability to sense the pulse of the nation.

克林顿拥有洞察民众心态的神奇本领。

seeds such as beans,peas, and lentils that you can eat


pulse

to move or flow with a steady quick beat or sound

She felt the blood [pulsing through](bold) her [veins](bold).

她觉得血液冲击着自己的血管。

Colored lights pulsed in time to the music.

if a feeling or emotion pulses through someone, they feel it very strongly

to push a button on a food processor to make the machine go on and off regularly, rather than work continuously

Pulse several times until the mixture looks like oatmeal.

点动数次，直到混合物看上去和燕麦粉差不多。


pump

→ [heat pump](->heat pump) [all hands to the pumps](bold) at → [hand](->hand) 1 sense 37 [prime the pump](bold) at → [prime](->prime) 3 sense 4 → [parish pump](->parish pump)

a machine for forcing liquid or gas into or out of something

泵；唧筒；抽水机；打气筒

[water/air/beer etc pump](bold)(=for moving water, air etc)

[hand/foot pump](bold)(=operated by your hand or foot)

[petrol pump/gas pump](bold)(=for putting petrol into cars)

[stomach pump](bold)(=for removing the contents of someone’s stomach)

a flat light shoe for dancing, exercise, sport etc

〔跳舞、锻炼、运动等用的〕平底轻便鞋

a woman’s plain shoe with no laces,buckles etc

〔无鞋带、搭扣等的〕浅帮女鞋


pump

to make liquid or gas move in a particular direction, using a pump

〔用泵〕输送，抽运〔液体或气体〕

The fire department is still pumping floodwater out of the cellars.

消防人员仍在用水泵从地下室里往外抽积水。

to bring a supply of water, oil etc to the surface from under the ground

We were able to pump clean water from several of the wells.

我们能从几口井里抽出干净的水来。

[pump gas](bold) AmE(=put gasoline into a car)

He got a job pumping gas for the hotel guests.

他得到一份为宾馆客人的汽车加油的工作。

to move very quickly in and out or up and down

The furnace man’s job was to pump away furiously at the bellows.

火炉工的工作就是卖力地用风箱鼓风。

if a liquid pumps from somewhere, it comes out suddenly in small amounts

to ask someone a lot of questions in order to get information from them

I tried to pump him for information about their other contacts.

我试图从他嘴里套出有关其他联系人的情况。

to put a lot of drugs into someone’s body

to do exercises by lifting heavy weights

to have a medical treatment to remove things you have swallowed, using a pump


pumpkin

a very large orange fruit that grows on the ground, or the inside of this fruit

亲爱的，宝贝〔称呼心爱的人〕


pun

an amusing use of a word or phrase that has two meanings, or of words that have the same sound but different meanings

双关语，语义双关的俏皮话

[forgive/excuse/pardon the pun](bold)(=used to show you know you are making a pun)

[no pun intended](bold)(=used to show you do not mean to make a joke about something)

The clergy prey (no pun intended) on bereaved families.

人家痛失亲人，神职人员骑到人家头上——“骑到”可不是“祈祷”。


pun

[past tense and past participle](italic) [punned](bold) [present participle](italic) [punning](bold)

In this line, Hamlet puns on the meaning of ‘saw’.

这句台词里，哈姆雷特说saw时语意双关。


punch

to hit someone or something hard with your fistclosed hand

他朝我一拳，打落了我的牙齿。

to make a hole in something, using a metal tool or other sharp object

〔用金属工具或其他尖物〕在〔某物〕上打孔

The guard punched my ticket and I got on.

守卫在我的票上打孔后，我就上去了。

These bullets can [punch](bold) a [hole](bold) through 20 mm steel plate.

这些子弹可以穿透20毫米厚的钢板。

Just punch the button to select a track.

只需按下按钮即可选择曲目。

punch holes in sb’s argument/idea/plans etc

to criticize someone’s views, idea, plans etc by showing why they are wrong

批评某人的论点/观点/计划等并指出其毛病

to make a movement like a punch towards the sky, to show that you are very pleased

to record the time that you start or finish work by putting a card into a special machine

to move cattle from one place to another

if businesses, organizations, teams etc punch above their weight, they are successful in an activity or task which usually needs more money, power, skill etc than they seem to have – used especially in newspapers

完成超出自己能力的事〔尤用于报纸中〕


punch

[pack a (hard) punch](bold) at → [pack](->pack) 1 sense 8

Rob was so angry that he turned round and threw a punch at the man.

Who actually delivered the punch that killed the man?

I took a lot of punches but I gave a lot too.

My stomach took a couple of hard punches.

Tyson landed one good punch but it wasn’t enough.

(=a blow that knocks someone down so that they cannot get up again)

In the fourth round, Lewis produced a knockout punch that ended the fight.

a quick strong hit made with your fistclosed hand

I managed to [land a punch](bold) on his chin.

The two men started [throwing punches](bold)(=trying to hit each other).

a strong effective way of expressing things that makes people interested

〔语言文字的〕力量，感染力

Thirty years after it was written, Orton’s ‘Entertaining Mr Sloane’ still [packs a punch](bold).

写成30年以后，奥顿的《款待斯罗恩先生》依然很有感染力。

a drink made from fruit juice, sugar, water, and usually some alcohol

宾治，潘趣酒〔用果汁、糖和水制成，一般含酒精〕

a metal tool for cutting holes or for pushing something into a small hole

two bad events that happen close together

A meteorite collided with Earth at the same time, delivering a one-two punch to the magnetic field.

同时，一颗陨石撞上地球，给磁场造成了双重打击。

to express disapproval or criticism clearly, without trying to hide anything

The inquiry report doesn’t pull any punches in apportioning blame.

调查报告在追究责任方面毫不留情。

to do or get something before anyone else does

先发制人，抢先做某事[得到某物]

Hitachi has beaten its competitors to the punch with its new palmtop.

日立公司抢在其竞争者之前推出了新款掌上电脑。

He’s as pleased as punch about the baby.


punctuation

ˌpʌŋktʃuˈeɪʃən

ˌpʌŋktʃuˈeɪʃən

the marks used to divide a piece of writing into sentences, phrases etc


punctuation mark

the sign (') that is used to show that one or more letters or numbers have been left out, as in [don’t](bold), or used before ‘s’ to show that something belongs to someone or something, as in [Mark’s dog](bold)

a pair of signs ( ) used for enclosing information that interrupts a sentence

the sign : that is used to introduce an explanation, example, quotation etc

the sign ; that is used to separate words in a list, or different parts of a sentence that can be understood separately

the sign , that is used to separate things in a list, or between two clauses in a sentence

the sign – that is used to join words or syllables

the sign — that is used to separate two closely related parts of a sentence, especially in more informal English

the sign . that is used to mark the end of a sentence or the short form of a word

the sign ! that is used after a sentence or word that expresses surprise, anger, or excitement

the sign ? that is used at the end of a question

a pair of signs ‘ and ’ that are put around words, especially to show that you are quoting what someone has said

a pair of signs <> used for enclosing information

a line / that is used to separate words, numbers, or letters

a line \ that is used to separate words, numbers, or letters

the sign * that is used especially to mark something interesting or important

the sign @ that is used especially in email addresses

a sign, such as a comma or question mark, used to divide a piece of writing into sentences, phrases etc

标点符号〔如逗号或问号〕


punish

to do something unpleasant to someone because they have done something wrong or broken the law

She wanted to punish him for deceiving her.

to make someone pay money as a punishment

The company was fined for safety violations.

if a judge sentences a criminal, he or she gives them an official punishment, usually sending them to prison for a period of time

The judge sentenced Margolis to a year in prison.

to officially punish someone, especially by taking away their right to do something or by limiting their freedom in some way

New laws will penalize  firms that continue to pollute the environment.

to punish someone who has broken the rules of an organization that they belong to or work for

Officers are expected to discipline soldiers who do not keep their uniforms in good condition.

to punish someone or criticize them severely

The judge came down hard on Harris, saying that his crime was ‘inexcusable’.

to punish someone so that other people are afraid to do the same thing

Athletics officials felt they had to make an example of him for using banned drugs.

to do something in order to show someone that they must not do something again, when they have behaved very badly

I didn't want to hurt him - I just wanted teach him a lesson.

Maybe a night in jail will teach him a lesson.

to make someone wish they had never done something, by making them suffer

We should make him pay for all the mischief he's caused!

to make someone suffer because they have done something wrong or broken the law

处罚，惩罚〔做错事或犯法的人〕

Smacking is not an acceptable way of punishing a child.

要惩罚孩子，不应该用打的方式。

He promised to [punish severely](bold) any officials found guilty of electoral fraud.

他承诺要严惩任何在选举中有欺诈行为的官员。

It’s unfair to punish a whole class for the actions of one or two students.

因为个别同学的行为而惩罚全班是不公平的。

They [deserve to be punished](bold) for putting passengers at risk.

他们置乘客于危险之中，理应受到惩罚。

I felt I was being punished for what my mother had done.

我觉得自己在为妈妈的所作所为接受惩罚。

My parents decided to punish me by withdrawing financial support.

我的父母决定对我停止经济资助以示惩戒。

The House voted to punish the senator with a formal reprimand.

众议院投票决定正式对那位参议员予以谴责。

if a crime is punished in a particular way, anyone who is guilty of it is made to suffer in that way

In some societies, theft is punished by death.

在某些社会，偷盗要被处死。

[Punish](bold)  is usually passive in this meaning.

to make yourself feel guilty or bad for something you have done

〔因为做了某事而〕责备自己

如果失败了，不要责备自己。


punishment

→ [capital punishment](->capital punishment)

something that is done in order to punish someone, or the act of punishing them

I don’t think they deserved such a severe punishment.

a punishment given by a judge in a court

an amount of money that you must pay as a punishment

There are heavy fines for drink-driving.

a general word for a punishment given to someone who has broken a law, rule, or agreement

He called for stiffer penalties for crimes involving guns.

the system in which people are killed as a punishment for crimes

If he is found guilty, he faces the death penalty.

A number of states have abolished capital punishment.

unpaid work helping other people that someone does as punishment for a crime

He was given a choice between doing 200 hours of community service, or a big fine.

the punishment of children by hitting them

Corporal punishment was abolished in schools in 1987.

The court decided the original punishment was too severe.

Children respond more to affection than to physical punishment.

(=when someone punishes a child by hitting them)

Corporal punishment is banned in state schools.

The are trying to abolish capital punishment except in cases of terrorism.

The charge against him carries a maximum punishment of a year in jail.

He deserved the punishment he was given.

The teacher may impose reasonable punishments.

The courts are handing out harsher punishments to reckless drivers.

Life imprisonment should be the maximum punishment meted out by the state.

The thieves managed to escape punishment.

(=used when saying what the punishment for something is)

The offence carries a punishment of up to 10 years in prison.

(=punish someone, especially physically)

The abbot could inflict corporal punishment for gross disobedience.

The public believe that the punishment should fit the crime.

作为惩罚，我被打发上床睡觉。

tough plants that can [take](bold) any amount of [punishment](bold)


punitive

[adj](bold) <[usually before noun](bold)>

The agency sent a letter, but took no punitive action.

经办处寄了一封信，不过没有采取惩罚行动。

The jury awarded [punitive damages](bold)(=money paid to someone who is the victim of a crime).

陪审团判定支付惩罚性损害赔偿金。

The government is expected to [take punitive steps](bold) against offenders.

政府预计会对罪犯采取惩罚措施。

taxes etc that are so high that it is difficult for people to pay them

The US could impose [punitive tariffs](bold) on exports.

美国可能对出口产品征收惩罚性关税。


pupil

someone who is being taught, especially a child

大约20名小学生在这里学习音乐。

the small black round area in the middle of your eye


puppet

a model of a person or animal that you move by pulling wires or strings, or by putting your hand inside it

〔牵线〕木偶；〔套在手上操纵的〕布袋木偶，手偶

a person or organization that allows other people to control them and make their decisions

受他人操纵的人[组织]，傀儡

The government is in danger of becoming a mere puppet of the military.

[puppet government/regime/state](bold)(=a government etc controlled by a more powerful country or organization)


puppy

used instead of the name of a thing, especially when you do not know the name

这/那东西[玩意儿]〔尤指不知如何称呼时〕


purchase

[purchaser](bold) n. <C> eg: France was the no. 1 purchaser of Iraqi oil.

the growing demand to purchase goods on credit

不断增长的赊账购物的需求

Tickets may be purchased in advance from the box office.


purchase

something you buy, or the act of buying it

This product should be consumed on the day of purchase.

本产品应于购买当天食用。

I enclose my receipt as [proof of purchase](bold).

我附上小票作为购物凭证。

a loan towards the purchase of a new car

She [made](bold) two [purchases](bold) from my stall.

她从我的货摊上买了两样东西。

→ [hire purchase](->hire purchase) → [purchase price](->purchase price)

The ice made it impossible to get a purchase on the road.


pure

He had discovered the truth by pure chance.

It was pure coincidence that I arrived on the same plane.

Lucinda flashed him a smile of pure joy.

She remembered the look of pure hatred in his eyes.

(=a guess that is not based on any facts)

Most of what you hear is pure speculation.

He dismissed the allegations as ‘pure fantasy’.

That excuse you came up with was a flash of pure genius.

He has described this period as ‘pure hell’.

a pure substance or material is not mixed with anything

我们的牛肉饼是100%的纯牛肉。

我母亲的生活简直糟透了。

By pure chance, I met Sir Malcolm that morning.

纯属偶然，那天早上我碰到了马尔科姆爵士。

The chairman dismissed the report as pure speculation.

主席对那份报告不屑一顾，认为纯属臆断。

clean and not containing anything harmful

纯净的，洁净的，无有害物质的

We had trouble finding a [pure water](bold) supply.

我们很难找到洁净的水源。

Up here the [air](bold) was [purer](bold).

used to emphasize that there is only one thing involved or worth considering

完全，不折不扣〔用来强调只有一件事有关系或值得考虑〕

without any sexual experience or evil thoughts

纯洁的，贞洁的，无邪的，清白的

They’re too pure and innocent to know what’s really going on.

他们太纯洁太天真了，不了解实际上发生了什么。

纯正的，无杂色的，清晰而优美的

Her voice, clear and pure, soared up to the roof.

她的嗓音清晰纯净，声振屋宇。

他的音乐是典型的纽约风格。

My husband is pure Japanese and traces his family back 800 years.

我丈夫是纯正的日本人，他的家族可以追溯到800年以前。

The Highland is the oldest and purest breed of cattle in Britain.

done according to an accepted standard or pattern

Gothic architecture in its [purest form](bold)

work in science etc that increases our knowledge of the subject rather than using it for practical purposes

to be morally perfect – used humorously to say someone is not like this at all

像白雪一样纯洁，〔道德上〕完美无瑕〔谑指与此根本不符的人〕


purely

a decision made [for purely political reasons](bold)

纯粹出于政治原因而作的决定

The building was closed [purely on the grounds of](bold) safety.

那座大楼被关闭完全是出于安全考虑。

I do it [purely and simply](bold) for the money.


purity

纯；纯洁；洁净；纯正；纯粹


purple

a dark colour that is a mixture of red and blue


purple

having a dark colour that is a mixture of red and blue

with a face that is dark red, caused by anger

His face [turned purple](bold) with rage.

a time when you are very successful – used especially in news reports

处于顺境的日子〔尤用于新闻报道〕

Steve’s purple patch continued with a second victory on Tuesday.

史蒂夫势头继续保持，周二第二次获胜。

writing that uses difficult or unusual words – used to show disapproval

辞藻堆砌的散文/过于雕饰的段落〔含贬义〕


purpose

→ [purposely](->purposely) → [cross-purposes](->cross-purposes)

the reason you do something, and the thing you want to achieve when you do it

What is the purpose of your visit to England?

The plant is used for medicinal purposes.

what you want to achieve when you do something

The main aims of the project are as follows.

Their ultimate aim is to find a cure for cancer.

something that you hope to achieve in the future, even though this may take a long time

It took Mandela over forty years to achieve his goal of a democratic South Africa.

something that you are working hard to achieve, especially in business or politics

The bank achieved its objective of increasing its share of the market.

The government’s long-term objective is to cut CO2 emissions by 50%.

The object of the game is to get as many points as possible.

The students will benefit, and that must be the object of the exercisethe main thing that you are trying to do.

the purpose of doing something and the reason why it is right or necessary

At fourteen, I couldn’t see the point of going to school.

What’s the point in waiting? I don’t think it is useful or necessary

the purpose that you have in your mind when you do something

He kept his real intentions well hidden.

Although we made a lot of money, this wasn’t our original intention.

the result that someone is trying to achieve – used especially when you disapprove of what someone is doing

They are using religion for political ends.

The ends do not justify the meansyou should not use violence, cruelty, dishonest behaviour etc to achieve your aims.

The main purpose of our trip to Arran was to see golden eagles.

I used to bake cakes for the sole purpose of giving them away.

What was the real purpose of their visit?

The whole purpose of running a business is to make money.

The building is no longer needed for its original purpose.

Nuclear weapons serve no useful purpose and should be banned.

These materials are too fine to have a practical purpose in daily life.

A dog can fulfil a dual purpose by providing both company and security.

We were bound together by a common purpose.

Training is the acquisition of knowledge and skills for a specific purpose.

for political/military/educational/medicinal etc purposes

This technology could be used for military purposes.

About one in five of all trips are made for business purposes.

The building must have served a religious purpose.

Many old school buildings are no longer suitable for fulfilling their original purpose.

She had achieved her purpose, at least in part.

the purpose of something is what it is intended to achieve

The purpose of this meeting is to elect a new chairman.

这次会议的目的是选出一位新主席。

The purpose of conducting a business is to make money.

Troops were sent solely for the purpose of assisting refugees.

派遣军队目的只在于援助难民。

[for medical/political/decorative etc purposes](bold)

It should be legitimate to use cannabis for medical purposes.

为医疗用途使用大麻应当是合法的。

The protection of children is the primary purpose of this legislation.

保护儿童是这项立法的基本目的。

[serve a purpose](bold)(=achieve something)

It would [serve no useful purpose](bold) to re-open the investigation.

重新开始调查是没有意义的。

Nick [had no particular purpose in mind](bold) when he started.

尼克开始的时候心中并没有明确的目标。

Attending the race was not my purpose in coming to Indianapolis.

我来印第安纳波利斯不是为了参加比赛。

He came here with the purpose of carrying out the attack.

他来这里是为了实施攻击。

in a particular situation or when being considered in a particular way

[For tax purposes](bold), you will be treated as a married couple.

报税时你们俩将被视作已婚夫妇。

The details are, [for the present purposes](bold), irrelevant.

目前情况下，这些细节无关紧要。

For the purposes of this book, America is taken to include the continent north of Mexico.

在这本书里，美洲是指墨西哥以北的大陆。

You make it sound as if I did it on purpose!

你的话听起来好像是我有意那么做的！

a feeling of determination to achieve things in life

〔达到生活目标的〕决心，毅力

It’s so important to have a [sense of purpose](bold) that it underlies human happiness.

生活目标很重要，有了它人生才会幸福。

My football career was over and I [had no purpose in life](bold).

我的足球生涯结束了，生活失去了动力。

He possessed [great strength of purpose](bold).

(also: [to all intents and purposes](bold) )

used to say that something is so close to the truth that it can be considered to be the truth

The war, to all intents and purposes, was over.

We have a secretary of state for Scotland who is for all practical purposes a Scottish prime minister.

我们有一位苏格兰事务大臣，实际上就是苏格兰的首相。

if something has served its purpose, it has done what you needed it to do

We delete the data once it has served its purpose.

这些数据一旦用过我们就把它删除。

Anxiety will cause tension, which [defeats the purpose of the exercise](bold)(=the activity or plan).

忧虑会引发紧张情绪，一紧张就达不到目的了。

She called after them, but to no purpose.

她在他们身后叫他们，可是一点用也没有。


purse

a small bag in which women keep paper money, coins, cards etc

Julie opened her handbag and took out her purse.

朱莉打开手袋，拿出钱包。

(AmE also: [change purse](bold) [coin purse](bold) )

a small bag used to hold coins, used especially by women

〔放硬币的〕小钱包，零钱包〔尤指女式钱包〕

a bag in which a woman carries her money and personal things

I locked the door and dropped the keys in my purse.

我锁上门，然后把钥匙丢进手提包里。

the amount of money that a person, organization, or country has available to spend

〔个人、组织或国家的〕可使用资金，财力

Election expenses are met from [the public purse](bold)(=money controlled by the government).

竞选费用从政府经费中支出。

A visit to the new county museum will set the family purse back by around £12.

一个家庭去参观新的县博物馆要花费大约12英镑。

the amount of money given to someone who wins a sports event, such as a boxing match or a car race

〔给予体育比赛获胜者的〕奖金

他们将争夺10万美元奖金。

used to refer to the control of spending in a family, company, country etc

控制〔家庭、公司等的〕开支，掌管钱财

It all comes down to who holds the purse strings.

一切都得由掌管钱财的人说了算。

She keeps tight control over the purse strings.


purse

if you purse your lips, you bring them together tightly into a small circle, especially to show disapproval or doubt

噘起〔嘴唇，尤用于表示反对或怀疑〕

Mrs Biddell pursed her lips and shook her head.

比德尔太太噘起嘴，摇了摇头。


pursue

You have to be dedicated to pursue a career in medicine.

Always encourage children to pursue their interests.

She was known to be ruthless in pursuing her goals.

David left the company to pursue his political ambitions.

The organization is pursuing a policy of cost cutting.

to continue doing an activity or trying to achieve something over a long period of time

She plans to [pursue](bold) a [career](bold) in politics.

Students should [pursue](bold) their own [interests](bold), as well as do their school work.

除了完成课业之外，学生也应该追求自己的兴趣。

companies that pursue the traditional goal of profits

追求赢利这一传统目标的公司

a campaign promise to [pursue policies](bold) that will help the poor

to continue trying to find out about or persuade someone about a particular subject

追究某件事/继续争论/深究某问题等

Janet did not dare [pursue the matter further](bold).

珍妮特不敢进一步追查那件事。

The defence pursued the question of Dr Carrington’s state of mind.

被告方深究卡林顿博士精神状态这个问题。

to chase or follow someone or something, in order to catch them, attack them etc

〔为抓捕、袭击等而〕紧随 …之后；追捕，追击

Briggs ran across the field with one officer pursuing him.

布里格斯跑过农田，一名警察在后面追他。

to keep trying to persuade someone to have a relationship with you

I was pleased, but somewhat embarrassed, when she pursued me.

她追求我我很高兴，不过也有些尴尬。


pursuit

when someone tries to get, achieve, or find something in a determined way

People are having to move to other areas in pursuit of work.

为了找工作，人们不得不移居他处。

when someone chases or follows someone else

The quarterback sprinted toward the end zone with Jansen [in hot pursuit](bold)(=following closely behind).

那名四分卫快速冲向底线区，詹森穷追不舍。

an activity such as a sport or hobby, which you spend a lot of time doing


push

push ahead
push along
push around
push aside
push forward
push in
push off
push on
push over
push through

→ [pushed](->pushed) → [pushing](->pushing)

to make something or someone move by pressing them with your hands, arms etc

to push someone or something in a rough or careless way

People were shoving to get to the front of the queue.

to push something quickly and carelessly into a small space

She stuffed a few clothes into a bag and left.

to push someone or something with your finger or something sharp

I poked the snake with a stick but it was dead.

to push someone beside you gently with your elbow to get their attention

Toby nudged me and pointed out of the window.

to push something round or something on wheels so that it moves forward

The car still didn’t start so we tried to roll it off the road.

to push something with wheels, for example a bicycle or a , so that it moves forward, while guiding it with your hands

Rob wheeled his bike round the back of the house.

to make someone or something move by pressing them with your hands, arms etc

它一动不动，因此她加力去推。

I promised to push him on the swings for as long as he wanted.

我答应他想在秋千上荡多久我就推多久。

Maria pushed her hair back from her forehead.

玛丽亚把头发从额头往后拢。

to press a button, switch etc in order to make a piece of equipment start or stop working

I got in and pushed the button for the fourth floor.

我进去后按了四楼的按钮。

Push the green button to start the engine.

to use your hands, arms etc to make people or things move, so that you can get past them

A fat man pushed past me in his rush to leave.

一个胖男人急着离开，从我身边挤了过去。

to encourage or force someone to do something or to work hard

Encourage your kids to try new things, but try not to [push](bold) them too [hard](bold).

要鼓励你的孩子们尝试新鲜事物，不过尽量不要逼得太紧。

athletes who [push](bold) their bodies [to the limit](bold)

将体能发挥到极限的运动员

He’s been pushing himself too hard, working 12-hour days.

他给自己的压力太大了，每天工作12小时。

My husband pushed me into leaving the job.

The teachers pushed the students to achieve.

老师们鞭策学生要学有所成。

to try to persuade people to accept your ideas, opinions etc in order to achieve something

The president is trying to push his agenda in Congress.

总统正力劝国会接受自己的议题。

He was [pushing hard](bold) for welfare reform.

Company representatives are pushing to open foreign markets to their products.

公司代表正力图把产品推向国外市场。

We don’t try to push our religion on anyone.

我们不想把自己的信仰强加于任何人。

to change someone’s situation, or to make a situation change, especially when some people do not want it to change

促使改变〔尤指一些人不愿意改变时〕

The law would push even more children into poverty.

这条法令会把更多儿童推向贫困。

attempts to push the peace process forward

to increase or decrease an amount, value, or number

增加，减少〔数量、价值等〕

New technology has pushed the cost of health care even higher.

新技术进一步提高了卫生保健成本。

if an army pushes somewhere, it moves in that direction

to try to sell more of a product by advertising it a lot

〔通过大量广告〕推销〔商品〕

Sports stars earn big bucks for pushing everything from shoes to soft drinks.

体育明星们大做广告，从鞋子到软饮料，赚得盆满钵满。

to do something or ask for something, especially something you have done or asked for before, when this is likely to annoy someone or involves a risk

〔因曾经成功而〕再次冒险；得寸进尺；想（再）交好运

If she doesn’t want to go, don’t push it.

如果她不想去，就别勉强了。

It’s 26 miles, so you’re pushing your luck if you try to hike it in a day.

路途有26英里，要想在一天内走完未免太相信自己的运气了。

(also: [push sth to the back of your mind](bold) )

to try not to think about something, especially something bad or worrying

把某物抛在脑后，忘记〔不愉快的事情〕

He pushed the thought out of his mind and tried to concentrate.

他把那种念头抛诸脑后，尽量集中注意力。

使〔某人〕深有感触；打动，使感动

Movies shouldn’t be afraid to push a few buttons.

电影不应该害怕触动人们的某些情感。

to spend more money than you usually do, on something special

Push the boat out and get tickets to the theatre or ballet.

奢侈一下，买票去看看戏或芭蕾吧！

to keep trying to make someone accept your opinion in a way that they think is annoying

〔令人讨厌地〕拼命劝说某人接受自己的观点

to do something that is new and that goes beyond the limits of what has already been done in a particular area of activity

ideas that push the envelope of design and construction

开创设计和建筑新境界的观点

to automatically send your email to your smartphone, so that you receive it immediately

〔向智能手机〕自动推送〔电子邮件〕


push

Jodi had stopped swinging. ‘Want a push?’ her dad asked.

约迪的秋千停下了。“要推一下吗？”她的爸爸问道。

If the door’s stuck, just [give](bold) it a [push](bold).

要是门卡住了，只要推一下就行。

[at/with the push of a button](bold)(=used to emphasize how easy a machine is to use)

Files can be attached to your email at the push of a button.

只要点击一下按钮就可以给电子邮件附加文档。

when someone, especially a business, tries to get or achieve something

〔为了达到某目的而作出的〕努力

The company has recently [made](bold) a big [push](bold) into the Japanese market.

那家公司最近在努力打入日本市场。

if someone gives someone else a push, they encourage or persuade them to try something

She just needed a gentle push to get her to join in.

只要稍加劝说，就能让她加入。

a planned military movement into the area where the enemy is

The army has made another big push into enemy territory.

军队又在敌方领地挺进了一大步。

if your employer gives you the push, they make you leave your job

if someone you are having a romantic relationship with gives you the push, they tell you that they no longer want to continue the relationship

与情人分手，断绝恋爱关系

(BrE also: [if it comes to the push](bold) )

if a situation becomes very difficult or action needs to be taken

If push comes to shove, you can always sell the car.

实在没有办法的时候，你总还可以把车卖掉。

if you can do something at a push, it will be difficult, but you will be able to do it

We have room for five people, maybe six at a push.

我们有够五个人待的地方，不得已时也许可以挤下六个人。

used to say that something will be difficult because you do not have enough time to do it

时间紧迫〔因而觉得某事困难〕

I’ll do my best, but it’ll be a bit of a push.

我会尽我所能，但时间会有点紧迫。


put

put about
put across
put aside
put at
put away
put back
put behind
put by
put down
put down as
put down for
put down to
put forth
put forward
put in
put into
put off
put on
put onto
put out
put over
put through
put together
put towards
put under
put up
put up to
put up with

[put your finger on sth](bold) at → [finger](->finger) 1 sense 4 [put your foot down](bold) at → [foot](->foot) 1 sense 13 [put your foot in it](bold) at → [foot](->foot) 1 sense 15 [put the record straight](bold) at → [record](->record) 1 sense 11 [put sth to (good) use](bold) at → [use](->use) 2 sense 4 [put your back into it](bold) at → [back](->back) 2 sense 19

‘It’s beautiful,’ he said, placing it back on the shelf.

to put someone or something down carefully on a flat surface

to carefully put something in a suitable position

Position the microphone to suit your height.

to put something somewhere with a quick movement

Carrie quickly slipped the money into her bag.

to put something into a space or container quickly or carelessly

Shove anything you don’t want in that sack.

I’ve ironed those shirts so don’t just shove them in a drawer.

to put something somewhere quickly or carelessly

I stuck the address in my pocket and I can’t find it now.

Could you bung those clothes in the washing machine?

to put something down somewhere in a careless and untidy way

Don’t just dump all your bags in the kitchen.

People shouldn’t dump rubbish at the side of the street.

to quickly put something somewhere, usually for a short time

to put something somewhere suddenly or forcefully

‘Hide it,’ he said, thrusting the watch into her hand.

to put something into a liquid for a very short time and take it out again

She dipped her hand in the water to see how hot it was.

Prawns are delicious dipped in a spicy sauce.

to put something quickly, firmly, and deeply into a liquid

Plunge the pasta into a pan of boiling water.

I had to plunge my arm in up to the elbow to reach the keys.

to put something such as a piece of bread or cake into a hot drink or soup before eating it

to put something deep into a liquid so that it is completely covered

If the plant’s leaves look dry, immerse the roots in water for a while.

A Russian economist put it most succinctly: ‘People do not care about carbon.’

His theory is controversial, to put it mildly.

(=in a direct way that may offend people)

I would put it more bluntly. I think you are wallowing in self-pity.

He had been drunk, or as Hilton delicately put it, ‘talkative’.

I didn't agree with her, but she put her argument so cleverly that I was almost persuaded.

The dress was too small for me, or, to put it another way, I was too big for it.

Let me put it this way - she's not as young as she was.

‘He's been completely irresponsible.’ ‘I wouldn’t put it quite like that.’

She couldn’t put her feelings into words.

(=used before saying something in an indirect or polite way)

Mr Lewis is now – how shall we put it? – hardly the influence he once was.

I will be putting that very question to her.

You should put that point to the Chancellor.

He wanted to put his case to the full committee.

I put it to him that what we needed was some independent advice.

Both parties have put forward plans for political reform.

In 1829 he put forward the idea that the Earth is contracting.

Many theories have been put forward as to the building’s original purpose.

We should encourage individuals to put forward their views.

He rejected the arguments put forward by the company’s lawyers.

A variety of reasons have been put forward to explain these changes.

[past tense and past participle](italic) [put](bold) [present participle](italic) [putting](bold)

to move something to a particular place or position, especially using your hands

to make someone be in a situation or have a feeling

Don’t put yourself into a situation you can’t handle.

不要让自己陷入无法收拾的局面。

[put sb in a good/bad etc mood](bold)(=make them feel happy/annoyed etc)

The long delay had put us all in a bad mood.

长时间的延误使我们大家心情都不好。

I don’t want to [put](bold) you [in danger](bold).

Pit closures have [put](bold) thousands of miners [out of a job](bold)(=made them lose their job).

煤矿关闭使成千上万的矿工失去了工作。

[put sb in control/command/charge etc](bold)(=give someone authority over a group, activity, or organization)

His boss resigned and Murphy was put in charge.

上司辞职后墨菲受命主持工作。

Politics [puts](bold) me [to sleep](bold).

A knee injury [put](bold) him [out of action](bold) for three months.

膝盖受伤使他三个月不能行动。

to write or print something or to make a mark with a pen or pencil

〔在 …上〕书写；做〔标记〕

Put your name at the top of each answer sheet.

在每张答卷的顶端写上你的名字。

He put his signature to the contract (=he signed it to show he agreed with it).

to say or write something using words in a particular way

[put sth well/cleverly/simply etc](bold)

So it was an accident, an ‘act of God’ if you want to [put it like that](bold).

那么这是个意外，是“上帝的作为”，如果你想那么说的话。

When women joined the organization, it ‘took on a new look', [as](bold) news reports [put it](bold).

女性加入以后，就如新闻报道中所说，那个机构“面貌焕然一新”。

It is hard to [put into words](bold)(=express) how I feel now.

我现在的感觉难以用语言描述。

He’s not very musical, [to put it mildly](bold)(=he’s not musical at all).

说得婉转点，他不是很有音乐天赋。

We get on each other’s nerves, [to put it bluntly](bold)(=to say exactly what I mean).

我们俩都让对方烦，坦白地说。

It’s fairly risky. Or [to put it another way](bold)(=say it in different words), don’t try this at home.

这样相当危险，或者换句话说，别试着在家里这么做。

The subject matter makes the painting a little, [how shall I put it](bold)(=how can I say it politely?), undesirable for public display.

这个主题让这幅画有点，怎么说呢，不适合公开展览。

to stop an activity that is harmful or unacceptable

结束某事，停止某事〔指有害或者不被人接受的活动〕

我们必须让他们停止威胁。

to start using a plan, idea, knowledge etc

开始把〔计划、观点、知识等〕付诸实施[实践]

James was keen to put some of the things he had learned into practice.

詹姆斯渴望把自己学到的一些知识付诸实践。

to ask a question or make a suggestion, especially to get someone’s opinion or agreement

[put a proposition/proposal/case etc to sb](bold)

The budget was put before the board of directors.

I [put it to you that](bold) this proposal has to be considered.

我请你务必考虑这条建议。

to make a situation better, especially after someone has made a mistake or behaved badly

He has a chance to put things right by admitting a mistake was made.

他还有机会扭转局面，那就是承认犯了错。

to tell someone the true facts when they have made a mistake that annoys you

〔当某人犯了令人不悦的错误时〕说明事实真相

A young man was in here asking for ‘Miss’ Whalby, but I put him right on that one.

一名年轻男子来找威尔比“小姐”，不过我向他挑明他弄错了称呼。

It took us all weekend to put the garden straight.

我们花了整个周末才收拾好花园。

to make someone or something work or do something, or to use it

a scheme to [put](bold) unemployed people [to work](bold) on government construction projects

让失业人员参与政府施工项目的计划

If you have a spare room, [put](bold) it [to work](bold) for you – take in a lodger.

如果你有空闲的房间，就把它利用起来——收一个房客。

Computer games are being [put to use](bold) in the classroom.

电脑游戏正应用于课堂教学。

We [put](bold) 15 rain jackets [to the test](bold)(=we tested them).

我们测试了15件防雨夹克。

to consider something as having a particular level of importance or quality

认为〔某物具有某种重要性、品质等〕

A recent poll put Dr Martens among the world’s top thirty designer labels.

Some companies put profit before safety.

一些公司视利润高于安全。

The job’s important to him, but he puts his family first.

这份工作对他很重要，不过他还是把家庭放在首位。

to arrange for someone to go to a place, or to make them go there

安排[使]〔某人〕去某处

The company is putting in new management.

公司正在部署新的管理层。

Pneumonia put him in the hospital for a week.

[Put](bold) the boys [to bed](bold) around eight o'clock.

to take someone to a plane, train etc to start a journey

我送她上了去伦敦的飞机。

to spoil and end your hopes or plans completely

A car accident put paid to his chances of taking part in the race.

一起交通事故使他无缘参加此次赛跑。

used to say that you think someone could easily do something wrong or illegal

我看某人干得出〔错的或违法的事情〕

I wouldn’t put it past him to use force.

我看他干得出动粗的事情。

to make extra work or cause problems for someone

used to tell someone to put their hand in yours, either as a greeting or after making an agreement with them

来握握手〔表示问候或达成协议等〕

500 美元？好吧，成交了。握个手吧！

to throw a shota heavy metal ball in a sports competition


puzzle

a game or toy that has a lot of pieces that you have to fit together

a game in which you have to think hard to solve a difficult question or problem

〔需要动脑筋的〕益智游戏

something that is difficult to understand or explain

The meaning of the poem has always been a puzzle.

那首诗的含义始终是个谜。

He thought he had [solved](bold) the [puzzle](bold).

他认为他已经解开了那个谜。

a piece of information that helps you to understand part of a difficult question, mystery etc

〔有助于理解难题、神秘事物等的〕信息，线索


puzzle

to confuse someone or make them feel slightly anxious because they do not understand something

a question that continues to puzzle scientists

He was puzzled by the reactions to his remark.

他对自己的话引起的反应感到困惑不解。

What puzzles me is why his books are so popular.

令我不解的是，他的书为什么如此受欢迎。


puzzled

confused and unable to understand something

→see THESAURUS at [confused](->confused)

“吃饭？”萨姆问道，看上去很迷惑。

John seemed puzzled about what the question meant.

约翰似乎不明白那问题是什么意思。

Harry was puzzled that Nicholas didn’t seem to recognize him.

尼古拉斯似乎没有认出自己，哈里感到不解。

Alice read the letter with a puzzled expression on her face.

艾丽斯读了那封信，一脸迷惑。


puzzling

confusing and difficult to understand or explain

加里对她的反应感到迷惑。


pyjamas

-ˈdʒæ-, -ˈdʒɑː-

[pyjama](bold) adj. <only before noun> eg: pyjama bottoms

[the cat’s pyjamas](bold) at → [cat](->cat) sense 5

([BrE](special)) AmE pajamas  [n](bold) <[plural](bold)>

a soft pair of trousers and a top that you wear in bed

loose trousers that are tied around the waist, worn by Muslim men or women

〔穆斯林穿的〕束腰宽松裤


pyramid

a large stone building with four triangularthree-sided walls that slope in to a point at the top, especially in Egypt and Central America

〔尤指埃及和中美洲的〕金字塔

a system, society, company etc that is organized in different levels, so that there is a small number of people at the top and a much larger number of people at the bottom

different levels of the management pyramid

金字塔式管理体系中的不同层次

At the bottom of the pyramid are the poor.

位于社会金字塔最底层的是穷人。

a pile of objects that have been put into the shape of a pyramid


quaint

unusual and attractive, especially in an old-fashioned way

奇特的，别致的；〔尤指〕古色古香的

约克郡一个古色古香的小村庄


qualification

ˌkwɒlɪfɪˈkeɪʃən

You don't need to have any qualifications for this job.

40 percent of the prisoners lack any qualifications.

also: gain/obtain a qualification (formal)

I want to get the qualifications so that I can become a doctor.

Eva had excellent academic qualifications.

Too many children leave school without any educational qualifications.

a teaching/medical/legal etc qualification

She has a degree and a teaching qualification.

(=one relating to a professional job, such as a teacher, lawyer etc)

A professional qualification in accountancy would be an advantage.

(=one relating to a skilled job, such as a nurse or a builder)

You can study for a vocational qualification in the tourism industry.

(=official qualifications rather than experience)

(=documents showing that you have passed exams, rather than actual experience of doing something)

We often find that paper qualifications are no guide to ability.

(=one that is accepted by people as good)

Trainees can work towards a recognised vocational qualification.

Good qualifications are a passport to success.

if you have a qualification, you have passed an examination or course to show you have a particular level of skill or knowledge in a subject

〔通过考试或学习课程取得的〕资格，学历

He left school without any qualifications.

他离校时没有拿到任何文凭。

We are looking for graduates with qualifications in maths or science.

我们需要具备数学或理科学历的毕业生。

a skill, personal quality, or type of experience that makes you suitable for a particular job or position

〔胜任某一工作或职位所需的〕技能条件，资格，资历

health and fitness qualifications for membership in the Territorial Army

加入本土防卫义勇军所需要的健康条件

There have been questions about his qualifications to lead the company.

他领导公司的能力受到了质疑。

Does he have the right qualifications to become a Supreme Court Justice?

他具备担任最高法院大法官所需的条件吗？

when a person or team reaches a necessary standard, for example by passing an examination or defeating another team

取得资格，合格，达到标准

Upon qualification, you can expect to find work abroad fairly easily.

取得资格之后，你在国外找工作就会比较容易。

something that you add to a statement to limit its effect or meaning

I welcome without qualification the Minister’s proposal.

我无条件赞同部长的提议。


qualified

As a former footballer, he is well qualified to talk about the game.

All the other applicants seemed highly qualified.

If we can find a suitably qualified person, we'll start straight away.

His former wife is ideally qualified to comment on his character.

The pilots who fly these planes are highly qualified.

Make sure that the therapist is properly qualified.

All our staff are professionally qualified.

Decisions about such measures must rest with medically qualified personnel.

How much is a newly qualified nurse paid?

a qualified doctor/teacher/accountant etc

After seven years of training, she is now a qualified doctor.

having suitable knowledge, experience, or skills, especially for a particular job

〔尤指做某项工作〕有资格的，合格的，胜任的

Dawn is well qualified for her new role.

The guides are qualified to lead groups into the mountains.

这些导游有资格带团进山。

If you don’t speak German, you’re not qualified to comment.

如果你不会说德语，你就没有资格评论。

having passed a professional examination

具备 …的学历[资历]的

There are qualified instructors on hand to advise you.

随时都有合格的教练来指导你。

a [professionally qualified](bold) social worker

He’s qualified to teach biology at high school level.

有限度的；有保留的；有条件的

The proposal received qualified approval.

这个提议只得到有保留的赞同。

The program was considered a [qualified success](bold).

这个节目被认为只取得了一定程度的成功。

Is it worth the money? The answer is a [qualified yes](bold).

它值这么多钱吗？答案是未必。


qualify

[past tense and past participle](italic) [qualified](bold) [present participle](italic) [qualifying](bold) [third person singular](italic) [qualifies](bold)

to have the right to have or do something, or to give someone this right

(使)有资格；(使)有权利

Free school lunches are given to children who qualify.

符合条件的儿童可获得免费的学生午餐。

You may qualify for unemployment benefit.

你也许有资格领取失业救济金。

Membership qualifies you for a discount on purchases.

to pass an examination or finish a course of study that you need in order to do something

我终于取得了飞行员资格。

After qualifying, doctors spend at least two years working in hospitals.

医生在取得资格后至少还要在医院工作两年。

to have all the necessary qualities to be considered to be a particular thing

It doesn’t qualify as a date if you bring your children with you.

如果你带孩子一起来，那还算什么约会。

if something qualifies you to do something, you have the necessary skills, knowledge, ability etc to do it

Fluency in three languages qualifies her for work in the European Parliament.

她能流利地说三种语言，这使她有资格在欧洲议会工作。

The certificate qualifies you to work as a dental assistant.

这份证书能使你有资格当牙医助手。

to reach the necessary standard to enter or continue in a competition or sports event

She qualified for a spot on the U.S. Olympic speed skating team.

她入选了美国奥运速度滑冰队。

to add to something that has already been said, in order to limit its effect or meaning

修正，限定〔刚刚说过的话〕

Could I just qualify that last statement?

我能具体说明一下最后那句话吗？

if a word or phrase qualifies another word or phrase, it limits or adds to the meaning of it


qualitative

[qualitatively](bold) adv. eg: Women’s experiences are qualitatively different from men’s.

relating to the quality or standard of something rather than the quantity

[a qualitative analysis/study](bold) [qualitative research](bold)

a qualitative study of educational services


quality

I was impressed that the quality of their work was so high.

The magazine is printed on low quality paper.

The T-shirts are only $10 and the quality is excellent.

These speakers offer superior quality sound.

Our chef uses only top quality ingredients.

Scientists took samples to test the water quality.

I apologise for the poor sound quality of this recording.

Does this type of TV set have a better picture quality?

The measures will improve the quality of the water in the river.

Lack of sleep started to affect the quality of his work.

The equipment is used to monitor the city’s air quality.

Staffing problems made it difficult to maintain the quality of the service.

I think the quality has gone down over the years.

The picture quality suffers if the signal isn’t digital.

Greater investment is needed to meet the European Union’s strict quality standards.

The quality of the water is reasonably good.

something that people may have as part of their character, for example courage or intelligence

He shows strong [leadership qualities](bold).

他表现出很好的领导素质。

the [personal qualities](bold) necessary to be a successful salesman

the qualities of honesty and independence

something that is typical of one thing and makes it different from other things, for example size, colour etc

the physical and chemical qualities of the rock

岩石的物理特性和化学特性

his pride in the quality of his craftsmanship

how good or bad your life is, shown for example by whether or not you are happy, healthy, able to do what you want etc

drugs that improve the quality of life for very ill patients

能改善重病患者生活质量的药物


quality

very good – used especially by people who are trying to sell something

优质的，非常好的〔尤用作推销语〕

quality childcare at prices people can afford

人们负担得起的优质儿童护育服务

newspapers etc intended for educated readers

高质量的[内容严肃的]报纸/报刊等


quantify

[quantifiable](bold) adj. eg: The cost of unemployment to the government is quite easily quantifiable.

[past tense and past participle](italic) [quantified](bold) [present participle](italic) [quantifying](bold) [third person singular](italic) [quantifies](bold)

to calculate the value of something and express it as a number or an amount

测定 …的数量；用数量表示，量化

an attempt to quantify the region’s social and economic decline

对该地区社会和经济衰退进行量化的尝试

The damage caused to the tourist industry is difficult to quantify.

对旅游业所造成的损失难以量化。


quantitative

relating to amounts rather than to the quality or standard of something

(数)量的；与数量有关的；定量的

We need to do a proper quantitative analysis of this problem.

我们需要对这个问题作一个正确的定量分析。


quantity

[be an unknown quantity](bold) at → [unknown](->unknown) 1 sense 4

A large quantity of clothing was stolen from the shop.

The Romans imported a great quantity of sculpture from Greece.

Computers can handle vast quantities of data.

Dolphins need to eat considerable quantities of food.

How did they obtain sufficient quantities of food to survive?

Remove a small quantity of butter from the fridge.

This truly great wine is only made in tiny quantities.

The rock contains minute quantities of copper.

an amount of something that can be counted or measured

The police also found a quantity of ammunition in the flat.

警方还在公寓里发现了一些弹药。

Add 50 grams of butter, and the same quantity of sugar.

加入50克黄油和等量的糖。

[a large/small/vast etc quantity of sth](bold)

He had consumed a large quantity of alcohol.

Huge quantities of oil were spilling into the sea.

[in large/small/sufficient etc quantities](bold)

Buy vegetables in small quantities, for your immediate use.

蔬菜不要多买，现买现用。

Your work has improved in quantity and quality this term.

这学期你的作业在完成数量和质量上都有提高。

→ Don’t say ‘a big quantity’. Say [a large quantity.](bold)

The sheer quantity of text meant that people did not read the whole of their newspaper.

巨大的篇幅意味着人们读不完报纸的全部内容。

It’s a lot cheaper if you [buy](bold) it [in quantity](bold).


quarrel

Members of the gang were picking quarrels with strangers.

The brothers eventually patched up their quarrel.

A fresh quarrel broke out between the players.

Your family quarrels are none of my concern.

Outside, two teenagers were having a lovers’ quarrel.

(=involving strong feelings of anger or hatred)

They are locked in a bitter quarrel over ownership of the land.

That morning, after a violent quarrel, she threatened him with a kitchen knife.

Soon afterwards, they had their first serious quarrel.

Now is the time to patch up old quarrels.

[n](bold) <[C](bold)> ([especially BrE](special))

→see THESAURUS at [argument](->argument)

Jacob left after a quarrel with his wife.

雅各布和妻子吵了一架后走了。

他们为某个女孩吵了一架。

a reason to disagree with something or argue with someone

不同意的原因；争执的缘由

My only quarrel with this plan is that it’s going to take far too long.

我对这个计划唯一的意见是它太费时间了。

I [have no quarrel with](bold) the court’s verdict.

我对法庭的裁决没有异议。


quarrel

[Quarrel](bold)  is a reciprocal verb. This type of verb is used when saying that two or more people do something that involves both or all of them: The brothers quarrelled.  You can also say: The brothers quarrelled with each other. He quarrelled with his brother.

[past tense and past participle](italic) [quarrelled](bold) [present participle](italic) [quarrelling](bold) ([BrE](bold)) [past tense and past participle](italic) [quarreled](bold) [present participle](italic) [quarreling](bold) ([AmE](bold))

我希望你们两个别再吵了。

I always seem to be quarrelling with my parents.

我好像总是在和父母吵架。

We’re not going to quarrel about a few dollars.

我们不会为了几块钱争吵。


quarter

[at close quarters](bold) at → [close](->close) 2 sense 20

one of four equal parts into which something can be divided

roughly one quarter of the city’s population

这个城市大约四分之一的人口

在19世纪最后的25年里

[Cut](bold) the cake [into quarters](bold).

→ Say [a quarter of](bold) something, not ‘quarter of’ something.

I’ll meet you in [a quarter of an hour](bold).

She arrived [three quarters of an hour](bold)(=45 minutes) late.

[(a) quarter to (sth)](bold) [also](special) [(a) quarter of (sth)](bold) AmE(=15 minutes before the hour)

[(a) quarter past (sth)](bold) BrE [also](special) [(a) quarter after (sth)](bold) AmE(=15 minutes after the hour)

a coin used in the US and Canada worth 25 cents

〔美国和加拿大的〕二十五分硬币

a period of three months, used especially when discussing business and financial matters

The company’s profits rose by 11% in the first quarter of the year.

今年第一季度公司利润增加了11%。

我们的数据库每个季度都更新。

one of the four equal periods of time into which games of some sports are divided

〔某些分四节进行的体育比赛的〕节

The home side took the lead in the second quarter.

I found a small flat in the student quarter.

我在学生居住区找到一间小公寓。

格拉纳达古老的阿拉伯人居住区

the rooms that are given to someone to live in as part of their job, especially servants or soldiers

〔尤指用人或军人的〕宿舍，住房；营房

The top floor provided [living quarters](bold) for the kitchen staff.

Most of the officers live in [married quarters](bold)(=houses where soldiers live with their wives).

大多数军官居住在已婚军人宿舍里。

one of the four periods into which a year at school or college is divided, continuing for 10 to 12 weeks

学季〔四分之一学年，持续10至12周〕

What classes are you taking this quarter?

the period of time twice a month when you can see a quarter of the moon’s surface

among or from different groups of people

Offers of financial help came from several quarters.

多方人士提供了资金援助。

if someone gives no quarter, they do not show any pity or gentleness when dealing with someone, especially an enemy

不怜悯〔某人，尤指敌人〕/不被〔某人，尤指敌人〕怜悯

It was a fight to the death, with no quarter given.

那是一场殊死搏斗，谁也不会心慈手软。


quarter

to cut or divide something into four parts

把 …切成四部分，把 …四等分

Quarter the tomatoes and place them round the dish.

把番茄都切成四瓣，摆放在盘子周边。

to provide someone with a place to sleep and eat, especially soldiers

为〔某人，尤指军人〕提供食宿

Our troops were quartered in Boston until June.

我们的部队在波士顿一直驻扎到6月份。

[Quarter](bold)  is usually passive in this meaning.


quarterly

一年四次的[地]；每季度的[地]


quarterly

a magazine that is produced four times a year


queen

→ [beauty queen](->beauty queen) → [drag queen](->drag queen)

The next day she was crowned Queen of England.

Queen Victoria reigned for over 60 years.

the reign of Queen Elizabeth/Victoria etc

She was born in the reign of Queen Victoria.

Her Majesty the Queen will be visiting Australia in July.

At 18, Victoria was [crowned queen](bold)(=officially became ruler).

18岁时，维多利亚加冕为女王。

a playing card with a picture of a queen on it

the woman or place that is considered the best in a particular area or activity

〔某个领域的〕女王，最优秀的女子；最好的地方

With 42 albums, she was the queen of pop.

她推出了42张专辑，是流行乐天后。

the woman who wins a beauty competition, or who is chosen to represent a school, area etc

选美女王；〔学校、地区等的〕女性形象代言人

a large female bee,ant etc, which lays the eggs for a whole group

a woman who behaves as if she is the most important person in a place

an offensive word for a male homosexual who behaves very like a woman. Do not use this word.

〔举止像女人的〕男同性恋者

the most powerful piece in the game of chess


queen

to change a pawn into a queen in the game of chess

〔国际象棋〕使〔兵〕变后

if a woman queens it over other people, she behaves as if she is more important than them, in an annoying way

〔女性〕盛气凌人地对待某人，大摆架子


query

a question that you ask to get information, or to check that something is true or correct

→see THESAURUS at [question](->question) 1

Give us a ring if you [have](bold) any [queries](bold) about the contract.

如对合同有任何疑问，请给我们打电话。

Staff are always available to [answer](bold) your [queries](bold).


query

[past tense and past participle](italic) [queried](bold) [present participle](italic) [querying](bold) [third person singular](italic) [queries](bold)

to express doubt about whether something is true or correct

Both players queried the umpire’s decision.

两名球员都质疑裁判员的判罚。

Many people are querying whether the tests are accurate.

很多人都对测试的准确性表示怀疑。

‘What time are we leaving?’ Maggie queried.

“我们什么时候出发？”玛吉问道。


quest

a long search for something that is difficult to find

〔长期的〕寻求；探索；追求

World leaders are now united in their quest for peace.

世界各国领导人现在一致寻求实现和平。

They journeyed to the distant Molucca islands in quest of spices.

他们远赴摩鹿加群岛寻找香料。


question

[leading question](bold) at → [leading](->leading) 1 sense 4 [rhetorical question](bold) at → [rhetorical](->rhetorical) sense 1 [beg the question](bold) at → [beg](->beg) sense 6

something that you ask someone, either when speaking or when writing

I’ve emailed the hotel with one or two questions.

a question that you ask when you are not sure you have understood something or that the information you have is correct

If you have any queries, please contact your travel agent.

Our staff are always available to answer customers’ queries.

a question you ask in order to get information or find out the details about something

We’ve advertised the house, and we’ve already received lots of enquiries.

The police have been making some inquiries in the area.

a polite or formal question asking for something that you want or need

The bank said ‘no’ to our request for more money.

I just have one question: is the treatment effective?

He poses the question, ‘What should we teach our children?’

I recently put some of these questions to a psychologist.

He had skilfully evaded Margie’s questions.

He used to set the questions for a TV quiz show.

He didn’t answer, so I rephrased my question.

They bombarded him with questions about the case.

He fielded questions from reporters about the announcement.

Some of the questions in the last section were very difficult.

Did you win, or is that a stupid question?

(=one that someone does not want to answer)

How can we keep the press from asking awkward questions?

The media began to ask embarrassing questions about MPs' expenses.

(=one relating to someone’s private life)

All you have to do is answer the three simple questions below.

The immigration officer asked me some searching questions.

(=one that asks for information in a very direct way)

She was startled by the direct question.

You have to answer twenty exam questions.

She did not answer the maid’s impertinent question.

(=one that you ask without expecting an answer, in order to make a point)

(=where you are given a set of possible answers)

This study raises several important questions.

They discussed the question of the possible use of the atomic bomb.

We must also consider the question of compensation.

This question will be dealt with in Chapter 4.

(=try to deal with a difficult question )

Who has the ability to tackle the tough questions facing the nation?

We will proceed just as soon as we can resolve the question of the fee.

The book raises important questions about nationality and the role of a citizen.

Their experiences have highlighted fundamental questions of human rights.

The incident has raised serious questions about police conduct.

Finally, there’s the thorny question of money.

(=an important one that needs dealing with)

Little progress was made on the burning question of Africa’s debt.

(=one relating to principles of what is right and wrong)

This area of medical research poses serious ethical questions that doctors alone cannot answer.

At this point a key question remains unanswered.

Whether he will survive politically is open to question.

He brought into question all the principles on which the Soviet system was based.

The special protection given to these animals has come into question in recent years.

There’s no question that they have done an outstanding job.

a sentence or phrase that is used to ask for information or to test someone’s knowledge

I’m afraid I can’t answer that question.

我恐怕无法回答那个问题。

They asked me quite a lot of difficult questions about my job.

他们就我的工作问了很多刁钻的问题。

The survey included questions on age and smoking habits.

调查中包含关于年龄和吸烟习惯的问题。

对于你最后一个问题，我的回答是“是的”。

a subject or problem that needs to be discussed or dealt with

〔需要讨论或处理的〕问题

We discussed the question of confidentiality.

我们讨论了保密性的问题。

This [raises the question](bold) of government funding.

这就引出了关于政府资金的问题。

an urgent need to [address the question](bold) of crime

Several [questions](bold) have still not been [resolved](bold).

有几个问题仍然没有得到解决。

[The question is](bold) should I take the job in Japan, or should I stay here?

问题是，我应该接受在日本的那份工作，还是应该留在这儿？

Some important [questions remain unanswered](bold)(=still have not been dealt with or explained).

一些重要问题依然没有解决。

if there is some question about something, there is doubt about it, or people feel uncertain about it

The exact cause of death is still [open to question](bold)(=not certain).

确切的死亡原因依然没有确定。

[call/bring/throw sth into question](bold)(=make people doubt something)

This has called into question people’s right to retire at 60.

这就对人们在60岁退休的权利提出了质疑。

He’s by far the best candidate, there’s [no question about it](bold)(=it is completely certain).

他是到目前为止最合适的人选，这是毫无疑问的。

[There is no question that](bold)(=it is completely certain that) the government knew about the deal.

毫无疑问，政府是知道这笔交易的。

beyond question (=completely certain or definite)

Her efficiency and intelligence are beyond question.

她的效率和头脑是不容怀疑的。

There are questions about the system’s practicality.

对于系统的可行性尚有疑问。

used to emphasize that what you are saying is true or correct

Marilyn was, without question, a very beautiful woman.

玛丽莲毫无疑问是个大美人。

if you accept or obey something without question, you do it without expressing any doubt about whether it is correct or necessary

毫无异议地〔接受或服从〕

Clara accepted his decision without question.

克拉拉毫无异议地接受了他的决定。

there is no question of sth happening/sb doing sth

used to say that there is no possibility of something happening

某事是不可能发生的/某人是不可能做某事的

There is no question of the project being postponed.

the things, people etc in question are the ones that are being discussed

Where were you during the evening in question?

所说的那天晚上你在哪儿？

if something is in question, there is doubt about it

I’m afraid his honesty is now in question.

恐怕他的诚信现在令人怀疑了。

used to say what the most important fact, part, or feature of something is

问题在于，是一个 …的问题

Dance is a question of control and creative expression.

舞蹈关乎身体控制和创造性表达。

I would love to come, but it’s a question of time.

我倒是想来，但问题是要看有没有时间。

it’s just/only/simply a question of doing sth

used to say that what needs doing is easy or not complicated

It’s just a question of putting in a couple of screws.

只要拧上几颗螺丝钉就行了。

if something is out of the question, it is definitely not possible or not allowed

You can’t go in that old shirt – it’s out of the question.

你不能穿着那件旧衬衫去——这绝对不行。

used to admit that you do not know the answer to a question

好一个难题！问得好！〔用以表示不知道某问题的答案〕

‘How can we afford this?’ ‘Good question!’

“我们如何能负担得起这个呢？” “问得好！”

to ask someone to marry you – used humorously


question

to ask someone questions in order to get information about something such as a crime

The police questioned him for three hours before releasing him without charge.

When questioned by reporters, he denied all knowledge about the affair.

to keep asking a lot of questions for a long time, sometimes using threats, in order to get information

He was interrogated by US agents about his alleged links to al-Qaeda.

to ask someone questions for a newspaper, TV programme etc, or to ask someone questions to find out if they are suitable for a job, course etc

Did you hear him being interviewed on ‘the Today Programme’?

The woman who interviewed me offered me the job.

to ask someone a lot of difficult questions about something, in a way that is tiring or annoying

She started grilling me about why I was so late coming home.

to ask someone a series of questions in court about their previous statements, in order to find out whether they have been telling the truth

The defence lawyer cross-examined the witness in order to test his evidence.

to be questioned by the police about a crime – used especially in news reports when the police think that this person may be guilty of the crime

Last night, a 21-year-old woman was helping police with their inquiries.

Two men have been arrested and questioned.

已有两名男子被捕并受到盘问。

She hates being questioned about her past.

她讨厌被人问起她的过去。

Joseph [questioned](bold) the doctors [closely](bold)(=asked them a lot of questions).

约瑟夫问了医生很多问题。

to have or express doubts about whether something is true, good, necessary etc

怀疑；对 …提出质疑[异议]

One questions whether he’s telling the truth.

你会怀疑他是不是在讲真话。


questionable

The statistics are [highly questionable](bold).

It is questionable whether the taxpayer receives value for money.

纳税人的钱是否用得物有所值是个问题。

not likely to be good, honest, or useful

值得怀疑的，可能不诚实的，靠不住的

I suspected that his motives for helping us were questionable.

我怀疑他帮助我们是别有用心的。

他这个人的品行值得怀疑。


question mark

the mark (?) that is used at the end of a question

there is a question mark over sth/a question mark hangs over sth

used to say that there is a possibility that something will not be successful or will not continue to exist

某事还是个大问号，某事尚不确定

A big question mark hangs over the company’s future.

公司的将来如何还是个大问号。


questionnaire

a written set of questions which you give to a large number of people in order to collect information

〔用以收集资料的〕问卷，调查表

[fill in/fill out/complete a questionnaire](bold)(=answer all the questions in it)

All staff were asked to fill in a questionnaire about their jobs.

所有员工都被要求填写一张有关他们工作情况的调查表。


queue

[the dole queue](bold) at → [dole](->dole) 1 sense 2

I've been in this queue for fifteen minutes.

Other passengers for the train were forming a queue.

He went back inside to join the queue for the toilets.

I walked to the bus stop and took my place in the queue.

(=go to the front rather than joining the end of a queue)

An argument developed when she tried to jump the queue.

The queue stretched the full length of the building.

Already a long queue had formed outside the concert hall

There was a small queue of people waiting to see the doctor.

(=with no bad behaviour or pushing in front of other people)

She told the children to form an orderly queue.

He pushed his way to the front of the queue.

I wanted to be first in the queue when the doors opened.

a line of people waiting to enter a building, buy something etc, or a line of vehicles waiting to move

〔人或车辆为等候而排的〕队，行列

There was a long queue to get into the cinema.

[the front/head/back/end of a queue](bold)

At last we got to the front of the queue.

我们终于排到了队伍的前面。

all the people who are waiting to have or get something

〔为得到某物而〕等待的人群

the queue for kidney transplant operations

排队等待做肾脏移植手术的患者

It is possible to [jump the queue](bold)(=get something before people who have been waiting longer) if you are prepared to pay for your treatment.

你要是愿意自费看病，可以不用排队。

a list of jobs that a computer has to do in a particular order

队列〔计算机必须按一定顺序处理的一系列工作〕

a number of telephone calls to a particular number that are waiting to be answered


queue

[v](bold) also: [queue up](bold)  <[I](bold)> ([BrE](special))

to form or join a line of people or vehicles waiting to do something or go somewhere

Some of the people queuing for tickets had been there since dawn.

购票队伍中有些人天刚亮就来了。

We had to queue up for ages to get served.

得排很长时间队才会有人给我们上菜。

if people are queuing up to do something, they all want to do it very much

The school is one of the best, and parents are queuing up to send their children there.

这是最好的学校之一，父母都争先恐后地送子女到那里上学。

女演员都在竞相争取这个角色。


quick

taking only a short time to do something

Do I have time for a quick shower before we go out?

The meeting was shorter than I’d expected.

lasting only a short time. [Brief](bold) is more formal than [short](bold), and is used especially in written English

The president made a brief visit to Buenos Aires.

happening in a short period of time – used about changes, increases, improvements etc

the rapid rate of industrial development

happening or done as quickly as possible, especially so that you get the result that you want

The restoration work has been making speedy progress.

Discounts will be offered for prompt payment.

deciding or doing something very quickly, especially when this has bad results

It was a hasty decision, which he later regretted.

looking at something very quickly without much attention to detail

Even a cursory glance at these figures shows that there is a problem.

The police conducted a cursory search of the property.

[comparative](italic) [quicker](bold) [superlative](italic) [quickest](bold)

That was quick! I thought you’d be another hour.

很快啊！我以为你还要一个小时呢。

We stopped to have a quick look at the church.

我们停下来迅速地扫了一眼教堂。

Three bombs went off [in quick succession](bold)(=quickly, one after the other).

瞬间有三个炸弹连续爆炸。

They were great people to work with – very quick, very efficient.

他们是很好的工作伙伴——迅速，高效。

Boxers have to be [quick on](bold) their [feet](bold)(=able to move about quickly).

We’ve put the house on the market and we’re hoping for a [quick sale](bold).

我们已经把房子挂牌出售，希望很快能卖出去。

We need a [quick response](bold) from the government.

我们需要政府立即作出反应。

Robertson’s [quick thinking](bold) had saved the little girl’s life.

罗伯逊的急智救了小女孩的命。

able to learn and understand things fast

聪明的，敏锐的，脑子反应快的

He’s a good interviewer, tough and [quick on the uptake](bold)(=able to understand quickly what someone is saying).

他是一名优秀的采访记者，风格硬朗，领悟力强。

If you want to come with me you’ll have to be quick – I’m leaving in ten minutes.

如果你想和我一块去，就得赶紧点——我十分钟后就走。

‘Can I just finish this first?’ ‘OK, but [be quick about it](bold).’

“我能先完成这个吗？” “好的，但要快一点。”

to react quickly to what someone says or does

The government was quick to deny any involvement in the attacks.

政府立刻否认参与了袭击事件。

a solution to a problem that can be done quickly, but is not a good or permanent solution

〔很不完善的〕应急解决办法；权宜之计

There’s no quick fix for stopping pollution.

制止污染并没有什么权宜之计。

Congress is trying to avoid quick-fix solutions.

国会尽力避免采用权宜的解决办法。

to be able to pull a gun out quickly in order to shoot

to be good at reacting quickly and intelligently to difficult questions or in difficult situations


quick

used to tell someone to hurry or come quickly

快点！我们要赶不上公共汽车了！


quick

quickly – many teachers think this is not correct English

迅速地，快速地〔许多教师认为这种说法不正确〕

[Quick as a flash](bold)(=very quickly) she replied, ‘That’s not what I’ve heard!’

她随即答道: “我听到的不是那样！”


quick

the sensitive flesh under your fingernails and toenails

〔手指甲或脚趾甲下的〕活肉

Her [nails](bold) were [bitten to the quick](bold).

if a remark or criticism cuts you to the quick, it makes you feel extremely upset

〔言语或批评〕刺痛某人，深深伤害某人

She was cut to the quick by the accusation.

这样的指控使她深受伤害。

all people, including those who are alive and those who are dead


quickly

at a high speed or without taking much time

at a high speed – used especially when talking about how something moves

quickly – used in exclamations or in comparatives

She was surprised that he agreed so swiftly.

quickly – used especially about changes, increases, improvements etc

at a very fast speed – used especially in technical descriptions

The molecules are travelling at great speed.

quickly – used about changes, increases, improvements etc

Internet shopping is growing at a rapid rate.

As quick as a flash, I was back in my bed and under the covers.

Like lightning, the cat darted under the bushes.

We need to get this finished as quickly as possible.

In everyday English, people usually use a verb such as [rush](bold) , [run](bold) , or [hurry](bold)  rather than say [go quickly](bold) :

[She [went quickly](bold) to fetch the doctor.](strike)

I realized fairly quickly that this wasn’t going to be easy.

我马上就意识到这事没那么容易。

我就去那家商店很快看一下。

‘Have you talked to Vera about it yet?’ ‘Just quickly.’

“你跟薇拉谈过此事吗？” “只是简短地谈了谈。”


quiet

→ Do not confuse [quiet ](bold)with [quite](bold) (=fairly).

quiet – especially because you do not want people to hear or be disturbed

Doug was on the phone, speaking in a low voice.

Soft music was playing in the background.

deliberately quiet because you do not want people to hear – used about people’s voices

They were talking about money in hushed tones.

The doctor’s voice was hushed and urgent.

quiet and difficult to hear because it comes from a long way away

The men went ahead and their voices got fainter and fainter.

difficult to hear, for example because the sound comes from another room or someone’s mouth is covered by something

Muffled voices were coming from downstairs.

a dull sound is not loud – used especially about the sound of something hitting another thing

The sound is inaudible to the human ear.

Her answer came in an almost inaudible whisper.

This is the quietest room in the house to work in.

Life’s more peaceful in the countryside.

The hotel is set in tranquil surroundings.

quiet – used about a town or village where there are not many people and very little happens

You’re very quiet tonight, Suzy – are you OK?

Everyone was arguing but I decided to remain silent.

not talking much and seeming a little unfriendly or bad-tempered

He found Vaughn a taciturn and rather difficult person.

unwilling to talk to other people, especially about a particular subject

She’s always been reticent about her early life.

someone who does not talk much, especially because they only speak when there is something important to say

My father was a man of few words, but when he spoke everyone listened.

[comparative](italic) [quieter](bold) [superlative](italic) [quietest](bold)

not making much noise, or making no noise at all

We’ll have to be quiet so as not to wake the baby.

我们得安静点，免得吵醒宝宝。

It’s a nice car. The engine’s really quiet.

这车真好，发动机声音很小。

I’ll be [as quiet as a mouse](bold)(=very quiet).

我会像老鼠一样悄无声息的。

寡言的；不作声的，沉默的

You’re very quiet, Mom – is anything the matter?

你一言不发的，妈——出什么事了吗？

I didn’t know anything about it so I just [kept quiet](bold).

我对此一无所知，所以就保持沉默。

[quiet confidence/satisfaction/desperation](bold)(=having a particular feeling but not talking about it)

a woman whose life of quiet desperation threatens to overwhelm her

一个即将被生活中无言的绝望压垮的女人

[quiet authority/dignity](bold)(=not saying much but making other people have a particular feeling about you)

someone who is quiet does not usually talk very much

话不多的，沉默寡言的；文静的

used to tell someone to stop talking or making a noise

塔尼娅，安静！我在打电话呢。

You’re getting married? You kept that quiet!

你要结婚了？你竟然保密啊！

a place that is quiet has no noise or not much noise

Our hotel room was comfortable and quiet.

我们的酒店客房舒适安静。

When they walked into the pub, the place [went quiet](bold).

他们走进酒吧时，里面安静下来。

without much activity or without many people

It was a Sunday, about three o'clock, and the streets were quiet.

那是一个星期天，三点钟左右，街上一片寂静。

I’d love to go on holiday somewhere where it’s [nice and quiet](bold).

我很想到一个美丽又清静的地方去度假。

Anthony met her in the bar, and they found a [quiet corner](bold) where they could talk.

安东尼和她在酒吧碰了头，他们找了个安静的角落说话。

I’m going to have a [ quiet night in](bold)(=an evening when you stay at home and relax).

晚上我要在家里清静清静。

He wants a [quiet life](bold), while she wants to go out partying.

他想过安静平淡的生活，而她却想出去玩乐。

if business is quiet, there are not many customers

August is a quiet time of year for the retail trade.

to stop someone from talking, complaining, or causing trouble

Give the kids some crayons – that will keep them quiet for a while.

给孩子们一些蜡笔——那会让他们安静一会儿。

to talk to someone privately when you want to criticize them or tell them about something serious

Brian’s just not keeping up with the workload. Can you have a quiet word?

布赖恩真的应付不了那些工作，你能和他私下谈谈吗？


quiet

the state of being quiet, calm, and peaceful

We were enjoying [the quiet](bold) of the forest.

I’ve had an awful day – now I just want some [peace and quiet](bold).

我今天过得糟透了——现在只想清静清静。

We found out he’d been doing some freelance work on the quiet.

我们发现他一直在接私活。


quietly

“对不起。”她轻声说道。

a [quietly-spoken](bold) man (=one who always speaks quietly)

in a way that does not attract attention

The mayor had been aiming to quietly turn over control of the city’s water to private business interests.

市长一直想悄悄地把该市的供水控制权交给私营企业。

The government hoped that their early mishandling of the crisis could be [quietly forgotten](bold).

without protesting, complaining, or fighting

安静地〔指不抗议、不抱怨、不吵架〕

Now are you gonna [come quietly](bold), or do I have to use force?

你是乖乖地过来，还是非要我动武才行？

Speculation is growing that Grogan will be replaced at the end of the season, and he is unlikely to [go quietly](bold).

越来越多的人猜测格罗根将在本赛季结束时被替换掉，而他是不会善罢甘休的。

fairly confident of success, but without talking proudly about it

Adam came out of the interview feeling quietly confident.

亚当面试后出来，心中很有把握。


quilt

a warm thick cover for a bed, made by sewing two layers of cloth together, with feathers or a thick material in between them


quit

[past tense and past participle](italic) [quit](bold) , also [past tense](italic) [quitted](bold) ([BrE](bold)) [present participle](italic) [quitting](bold)

to leave a job, school etc, especially without finishing it completely

离开〔工作岗位、学校等〕；离任；辍学

He quit his job after an argument with a colleague.

他和一个同事争吵后就辞职了。

People are now calling on the chairman to quit.

人们现在正要求主席辞职。

to stop doing something, especially something that is bad or annoying

停止做〔尤指坏事或令人厌烦的事〕，戒除

The majority of smokers say that they would like to quit the habit.

大多数吸烟者都说他们是想戒烟的。

住手，罗比，否则我告诉妈妈！

He’s been given six months to live if he doesn’t quit drinking.

他如果不戒酒，就只能活六个月。

我希望你们都不要再抱怨了。

to leave a house or apartment that you have been renting

The landlord gave them [notice to quit](bold) the premises within seven days.

房东通知他们七天之内搬出去。

to no longer have to suffer or be involved with something bad

It was ten years since he had quit Russia.

他离开俄罗斯已经有十年了。


quite

The food in the cafeteria is usually quite good.

他头顶的头发现在很稀疏了。

Amy’s at college, and she’s doing quite well.

埃米在上大学，成绩很不错。

他是个相当不错的足球运动员。

You say [quite a](bold)  before an adjective and a noun: It took quite a long time to answer the questions.
Don’t say: [It took a quite long time.](strike)

fairly, or to a small extent, but not very

The film was quite good, but the book was much better.

电影还不错，但书更好看。

I got a letter from Sylvia quite recently.

不久前我收到了西尔维娅的一封信。

Quite a few towns are now banning cars from their shopping centres.

现在有不少城镇禁止汽车驶入购物中心。

I’m sorry. That’s [quite impossible](bold).

我很抱歉，那是完全不可能的。

What she’s suggesting is quite ridiculous!

I think you’ve had [quite enough](bold) to drink already!

They weren’t quite ready so we waited in the car.

他们没有完全准备好，所以我们在车里等着。

Dinner’s [almost](bold) ready, but [not quite](bold).

晚饭差不多好了，但还没有完全准备妥当。

不完全是因为/是 …那样/是某地等

那部剧和我们预期的不太一样。

used before a noun to emphasize that something is very good, large, interesting etc

不寻常的；出众的；相当不错的〔用于名词前作强调〕

We’ve been waiting for quite some time now.

我们已经等了相当长的时间。

used to show that you agree strongly with someone

‘I refuse to do any more work.’ ‘Quite right. They can’t expect you to work for nothing.’

“我拒绝再做任何事情了。” “说得对。他们不能让你无偿工作。”

used to reply to someone that you are not angry about something they have done

‘I’m sorry we’re so late.’ ‘That’s quite all right.’

“很抱歉我们来得太晚了。” “没有关系。”

used to show that you agree with what someone is saying

‘They really should have thought of this before.’ ‘Yes, quite.’

“他们之前确实就该想到这一点。” “正是。”

used to say that someone or something is very impressive

令人难忘的人[事]；不寻常的人[事]

[It’s quite something](bold) to walk out on stage in front of 20,000 people.

上台面对两万名观众这很了不起。


quiz

a competition or game in which people have to answer questions

I get fed up with television quiz shows.

我十分厌烦电视上的智力游戏节目。

当地酒吧举办的智力竞赛晚会

a short test that a teacher gives to a class


quiz

[past tense and past participle](italic) [quizzed](bold) [present participle](italic) [quizzing](bold)

Four men have been quizzed about the murder, but no one has yet been charged.

四名男子就这桩谋杀案接受了盘问，但目前尚无人被指控。

They quizzed me on my involvement in the scheme.

他们盘问我是否参与了这个计划。


quota

In 1993 the European Union imposed quotas on banana imports.

They have the right to set fishing quotas.

The minister for trade lifted all quotas on imports and exports.

The fishermen were accused of exceeding their quotas.

Five countries maintained national quotas on imports of Japanese cars.

The fishing quotas are strictly enforced.

With an excess of milk in the European Union, production quotas were imposed on dairy farmers.

British industry was sheltered from foreign competition by higher tariffs and import quotas.

The US immigration laws imposed a strict annual quota for each country of origin.

an official limit on the number or amount of something that is allowed in a particular period

The government has [imposed quotas](bold) on the export of timber.

政府已对木材出口实行配额制。

The government has decided to [scrap quotas](bold) on car imports.

政府决定取消汽车进口配额。

Several countries have now [set quotas](bold) for cod fishing.

现在已有几个国家对鳕鱼捕捞设定了限额。

There are plans to introduce [strict](bold) immigration [quotas](bold).

有计划要推行严格的移民限额制度。

an amount of something that someone is expected to do or achieve

Each person was given a quota of tickets to sell.

每个人都被分派了售票的指标。

In the 1990s the Navy couldn’t [fill](bold) its [quota](bold) for new recruits.

20世纪90年代海军无法完成征兵指标。

Workers only get paid if they make their quota.

工人只有完成定额才有工资。

They’re worried that they won’t achieve this year’s sales quota.

他们担心完不成今年的销售指标。

an amount of something that you think is fair, right, or normal

〔公正的、正确的或正常的〕份额

The committee has had [more than](bold) its [quota](bold) of problems.

委员会遇到了特别多的问题。

I think I’ve had my quota of coffee for the day.

我想我今天喝的咖啡已经够多了。

a particular number of votes that someone needs to get to be elected in an election

〔候选人当选所需的〕规定票数，最低票数


quotation

a sentence or phrase from a book, speech etc which you repeat in a speech or piece of writing because it is interesting or amusing

The following quotation is taken from a nineteenth century travel diary.

下文引自19世纪的一篇旅行日记。

a written statement of exactly how much money something will cost

Ask the builder to [give](bold) you a written [quotation](bold) for the job.

叫建筑商给你一份这项工作的书面报价。

[Get](bold) a couple of [quotations](bold) from different companies before you decide which one to use.

先从不同的公司拿到一些报价，然后再决定用哪一家。

the act of quoting something that someone else has written or said


quotation mark

one of a pair of marks (‘ ’) or (“ ”) that are used in writing to show that you are recording what someone has said


quote

to repeat exactly what someone else has said or written

她引用了报纸上一篇文章的内容。

He [quoted](bold) a short [passage](bold) from the Bible.

A military spokesman was [quoted as saying](bold) that the border area is now safe.

报道引述军方一位发言人的话，说边境地区现在很安全。

那是你说的，我能照实说吗？

to give a piece of information that is written down somewhere

You can order by phoning our hotline and quoting your credit card number.

拨打我们的热线电话、报出你的信用卡号码即可订购。

He quoted a figure of 220 deaths each year from accidents in the home.

他援引了一个数字——每年有220人在家中意外死亡。

to give something as an example to support what you are saying

Mr Jackson quoted the case of an elderly man who had been evicted from his home.

杰克逊先生举了一个老人被赶出家门的例子。

He quoted the example of France as a country with a good rail service.

他举了法国为例，说法国是铁路服务很完善的一个国家。

The nurses’ union was [quoted as an example of](bold) a responsible trade union.

护士协会被认为是负责任的工会组织的典范。

to tell a customer the price you will charge them for a service or product

The firm originally quoted £6,000 for the whole job.

公司最初给这整项工作报价6,000英镑。

to give the price of a share or currency

The pound was quoted this morning at just under $1.46.

今天早上英镑的牌价不到1.46美元。

The company is now [quoted on the stock exchange](bold)(=people can buy and sell shares in it).

这家公司现在已经在证券交易所挂牌上市了。

used when you are going to repeat what someone else has said, to emphasize that it is exactly the way they said it

这是某人的原话〔作插入语〕

The minister said, quote: ‘There will be no more tax increases this year.’

部长说，这是他的原话: “今年不会再加税了。”

used at the beginning and end of a word or phrase that someone else has said or written, to emphasize that you are repeating it exactly

〔用于引文的开始和结尾〕原话起 …原话止


quote

a sentence or phrase from a book, speech etc which you repeat in a speech or piece of writing because it is interesting or amusing

words that are in quotes are written with quotation marks around them to show that someone said those words

a statement of how much it will probably cost to build or repair something

〔对建造或修理费用的〕估价，报价

Always get a quote before proceeding with repair work.

找人修理一定要先叫他们报价。


rabbit

a small animal with long ears and soft fur, that lives in a hole in the ground


race

[play the race card](bold) at → [play](->play) 1 sense 14

one of the main groups of people in the world, who have the same colour of skin and other physical features

Everybody should be treated equally regardless of their race or sex.

race relationsthe relationship between people of different races

a country and its people, or a group of people with the same history and language

Japan has become one of the richest nations in the world.

the people who belong to a particular country, race, or area. The plural of this meaning of [people](bold) is [peoples](bold)

a group of people in a country who are the same race, with the same traditional way of life and the same leader

a group of people of the same race, nation, or tribe

Within Namibia there are more than a dozen different ethnic groups.

He is competing in his first race this year.

Runners from all over the world will take part in the race.

He did not win another race that season.

Congratulations to Matthew, who finished the race in three hours 17 minutes.

The horse is entered in a race at Worcester the day after tomorrow.

He said he expected the race to be tough.

There are only three days to go until the big race.

He finished first in the 100 metres race.

(=when people run, cycle etc on ordinary roads)

She regularly competes in 10 kilometre road races.

There was speculation that another candidate might enter the race.

He dropped out of the presidential race three weeks ago.

Forbes has the money to stay in the mayoral race as long as he likes.

It looks as though he will win the race to be the Democratic presidential candidate.

Most people were predicting a close race.

(=when three people have a chance of winning)

In a three-way race, Clinton received 47 percent, Dole 35 percent, Perot 10 percent.

It soon became clear that it would be a two-horse race.

He put $12 million of his own money into a Senate race.

Swindon Town is still in the race, despite losing to Manchester City on Saturday.

a competition in which people or animals compete to run, drive etc fastest and finish first

He will be the youngest runner in the race.

他将是比赛中最年轻的选手。

Over 80 cars will take part in the race.

将有80多辆汽车参加比赛。

the annual boat race between Oxford and Cambridge Universities

牛津大学与剑桥大学之间一年一度的划船赛

one of the main groups that humans can be divided into according to the colour of their skin and other physical features

The school welcomes children [of all races](bold).

该校欢迎各种族的学生就读。

The law forbids discrimination on the grounds of race or religion.

法律禁止以种族或宗教信仰为由歧视他人。

a group of people who are similar in some way

The 1960s produced a new race of young novelists.

20世纪60年代产生了一批新的年轻小说家。

Are schools breeding (=producing) a race of children incapable of making decisions for themselves?

a situation in which one group of people tries to obtain or achieve something before another group does

More and more drug companies are joining the race to beat cancer.

越来越多的制药公司加入攻克癌症的竞赛。

[The race is on](bold) to develop more environmentally friendly forms of energy.

人们正在竞相开发更环保的能源形式。

→ [arms race](->arms race) → [rat race](->rat race)

a situation in which you have to do something very quickly because you have very little time available

[race against time/against the clock](bold)

The pilot then began a desperate race against time to land the plane before it ran out of fuel.

于是飞行员开始争分夺秒，力争在燃油耗尽前着陆。

a situation in which people are competing with each other to win a prize or obtain a position of power

〔为获奖或得到权力的〕竞争，角逐

Mr Bird has now officially joined the race for the White House.

伯德先生现已正式参加入主白宫的角逐。

He [is](bold) no longer [in the race for](bold) academic awards.

他已经无缘学术奖的角逐了。

下一届奥运会主办权的角逐


race

to compete against someone or something in a race

She’ll be racing against some of the world’s top athletes.

她将与一些世界顶尖运动员一决高下。

Stevens will not be racing in the final due to a knee injury.

史蒂文斯由于膝伤将不能参加决赛。

我和你比，看谁先跑到路的尽头。

to use an animal or a vehicle to compete in a race

使〔动物或车辆〕参加比赛

He will be racing a Ferrari in this year’s Formula One championships.

他将驾驶法拉利参加今年的一级方程式锦标赛。

to move very quickly or take someone or something to a place very quickly

快速移动；把 …急送〔到某处〕

他骑着自行车飞快地进了村。

我不得不飞奔回家取我的包。

to try to do something very quickly because you want to be the first to do it, or because there is very little time available

Investors are racing to buy shares in the new hi-tech companies.

投资者争相购买这些新兴高科技公司的股份。

The astronauts are racing against time to repair the spaceship.

航天员正在抓紧抢修宇宙飞船。

if your heart or mind races, it works harder and faster than usual, for example because you are afraid or excited

〔心脏〕急速跳动；〔头脑〕快速运转

My heart was racing and my knees shook uncontrollably.

我的心跳加速，膝盖也不由自主地抖起来。

My mind was racing, trying to think where I had seen him before.

我的脑子飞速转动，努力回想以前在哪儿见过他。


racial

[racially](bold) adv. eg: They live in a [racially mixed](bold) area. eg: Police officers believe the attack was [racially motivated](bold).

(=when particular races of people are treated unfairly)

We found no evidence of racial discrimination.

(=when people of all races have the same rights and advantages)

We are firmly committed to achieving racial equality.

(=unreasonable bad opinions of someone based on their race)

He claimed that his opponents were motivated by racial prejudice.

He was prosecuted for inciting racial hatred.

(=threatening behaviour towards someone of another race)

The court case increased public awareness of sexual and racial harassment in the workplace.

(=bad feelings between people of different races, which could develop into violence)

His arrest is likely to heighten racial tensions.

We can't rest until there is no more racial violence.

(=when people of different races live or work together and trust each other)

Dr King's dream of racial harmony has never been fully realized.

(=when people of different races are kept apart and forced to live, work etc separately)

The 1964 Civil Rights Act prohibited racial segregation in public buildings.

(=insulting remarks based on someone's race)

Their children had begun to face racial abuse on the streets and in school.

relating to the relationships between different races of people who now live in the same country or area

a victim of [racial discrimination](bold)

This part of the community needs to be protected from [racial prejudice](bold).

需保护社区里的这一部分人，使其免受种族偏见的伤害。

the campaign for [racial equality](bold)

the need for tolerance and [racial harmony](bold)

relating to the various races that humans can be divided into

a broad range of racial and ethnic groups

形形色色的种族和民族群体

people of different [racial origin](bold)


racing

赛车/自行车赛/赛灵𤟥等


racing

designed or bred to go very fast and be used for racing


racism

unfair treatment of people, or violence against them, because they belong to a different race from your own

The government has promised to continue the fight against racism.

政府已承诺继续打击种族歧视。

the belief that some races of people are better than other races


racist

[racist](bold) adj. eg: the victim of a racist attack eg: racist violence eg: racist remarks

someone who believes that people of their own race are better than others, and who treats people from other races unfairly and sometimes violently – used to show disapproval

他否认自己是种族主义者。


rack

a frame or shelf that has bars or hooks on which you can put things

〔带有横档或钩子的〕架子，搁物架

→ [luggage rack](->luggage rack) → [roof-rack](->roof-rack)

a piece of equipment that was used in the past to make people suffer severe pain by stretching their bodies

拉肢刑架〔旧时一种酷刑刑具〕

Thousands of people were tortured on the rack.

曾有数千人受过拉肢酷刑。

The company is now well and truly on the rack.

if a building goes to rack and ruin, it gradually gets into a very bad condition because no one has looked after it

〔建筑因缺乏维护而〕破损，毁坏

The house had been left to go to rack and ruin.

房子已无人看管，日渐破败。

a three-sided frame used for arranging the balls at the start of a game of snooker or pool

〔斯诺克台球或花式台球开局时用于排列球的〕三角框

a fairly large piece of meat from the side of an animal, that contains several rib bones

if you can buy something off the rack, you can buy it in a shop rather than having it specially made

A lot of designer clothes are now available off the rack.

现在很多名牌服装都有成品卖了。


rack

to make someone suffer great mental or physical pain

使〔精神或肉体〕遭受巨大痛苦

Great sobs [racked](bold) her [body](bold).

[Rack](bold)  is often passive in this meaning.

to try very hard to remember or think of something

I racked my brains, trying to remember his name.

我绞尽脑汁想记起他的名字。


racket

The old machine used to [make](bold) an awful [racket](bold).

这台旧机器以前噪声大得吓人。

a dishonest way of obtaining money, such as by threatening people or selling them illegal goods

Police believe he is involved in an international smuggling racket.

警方认为他参与了国际走私的勾当。

[protection racket](bold) at → [protection](->protection) sense 5

a specially shaped piece of wood or metal that you use for hitting the ball in games such as tennis, that has a circle filled with tight strings at one end


radar

a piece of equipment that uses radio waves to find the position of things and watch their movement

The coastline can now be monitored by radar.

现在能用雷达监测海岸线了。

We could see the plane quite clearly on the radar screen.

我们在雷达屏幕上可清晰地看到飞机。

if something is on your radar, you have noticed it and are giving it some attention

这是我们所关注的事件之一。

这支乐队怎么会没受到关注？


radiation

ˌreɪdiˈeɪʃən

ˌreɪdiˈeɪʃən

Nuclear radiation has a devastating effect on living cells.

How can solar radiation be trapped and used?

The spacecraft is fitted with a shield to block cosmic radiation.

Ultraviolet radiation damages DNA in plants.

(=radiation given off by the atomic matter of gamma, alpha, or beta rays)

The conventional treatment for cancer is to bombard the tumour with gamma radiation.

(=the radiation normally present in the environment)

In some parts of the world, background radiation is very high.

A radiation leak occurred at a Russian nuclear power station.

The background radiation level was normal.

It is thought that a black hole absorbs any solar radiation that reaches it.

(=be put in a situation where you are not protected from harmful radiation, especially nuclear radiation )

The servicemen claimed they were illegally exposed to radiation during atomic tests.

(=an amount of radiation that someone experiences)

Workers at the site received high doses of radiation.

(=when someone is near to a substance that gives off harmful radiation, especially nuclear radiation)

One cause of leukaemia is exposure to radiation.

a form of energy that comes especially from nuclear reactions, which in large amounts is very harmful to living things

An accident at the power station could result in large amounts of radiation being released.

发电站事故会造成大量核辐射泄漏。

energy in the form of heat or light that is sent out as waves that you cannot see

Sun creams work by blocking harmful ultraviolet radiation.

防晒霜可隔离有害的紫外线辐射。


radiator

a thin metal container that is fastened to a wall and through which hot water passes to provide heat for a room

〔房间内借由热水循环供热的〕暖气设备

the part of a car or aircraft which stops the engine from getting too hot

〔汽车或航空器发动机的〕散热器


radical

If that offer is serious, it will mark a radical change in policy.

(=a complete change in appearance, especially when this is an improvement)

The city has undergone a radical transformation.

Instead of retreating, he suggested even more radical measures.

(=big changes to a system or organization in order to improve it)

He said the institution was in need of radical reform.

(=big changes in order to improve something)

government plans for a radical overhaul of the health care system

There is a radical difference between this and other dieting methods.

The design of the building is a radical departure from tradition.

(=when you think about a plan or idea again in a very different way)

The Conservative Party leader called for a radical rethink of economic policy.

a radical change or difference is very big and important

They are proposing [radical changes](bold) to the way the company is run.

他们建议对公司经营模式进行重大改革。

There are radical differences between the two organizations.

这两个组织有着根本差异。

radical ideas are very new and different, and are against what most people think or believe

He has put forward some very [radical ideas](bold).

他提出了一些非常激进的观点。

someone who is radical has ideas that are very new and different, and against what most people think or believe


radical

someone who has new and different ideas, especially someone who wants complete social and political change

激进分子〔尤指主张对社会和政治作彻底变革的人〕

radicals on the extreme left wing of the party


radically

if something changes radically, it changes a lot in an important way

The situation is [radically different](bold) from that of ten years ago.

a [radically new](bold) approach to the problem

Mozart radically altered the structure of the opera.

莫扎特大幅修改了歌剧结构。