hint

She was dropping quite a few hints about what she'd like for her birthday.

I looked hopefully at the cake, but he didn't get the hint.

He had dropped a heavy hint that they might get married.

(=one that is not very easy to understand – sometimes used ironically when someone is being very obvious)

I'm sick of her subtle hints that I'm not welcome here.

(=one that is not specific enough to understand)

In his article, he gave only vague hints as to what he had actually done.

(=used when you understand someone's hint)

All right, I can take a hint. I'm leaving.

something that you say or do to suggest something to someone, without telling them directly

There have been [hints that](bold) he may take up coaching.

他暗示过可能会出任教练。

‘Look, I can’t tell you.’ ‘Oh, come on, [give](bold) me [a hint](bold).’

“听着，我不能告诉你。”“得了，给我一点提示吧。”

Miles had been [dropping](bold) heavy [hints](bold) about the cost of petrol.

迈尔斯一直在露骨地暗示汽油的费用。

I made it clear I wasn’t interested in him, but he didn’t [take the hint](bold).

我清楚地表明我对他不感兴趣，但他不明白我的意思。

a very small amount or sign of something

‘When?’ he asked with a hint of impatience.

“什么时候？”他带着一丝不耐烦问道。

We shall have to turn back if there’s the slightest hint of fog.

只要有一丁点起雾的迹象我们就得往回走。

a useful piece of advice about how to do something

helpful hints on looking after houseplants


hint

to suggest something in an indirect way, but so that someone can guess your meaning

He hinted strongly that he might be prepared to send troops in.

他明确暗示他可能要派部队进驻。


hip

one of the two parts on each side of your body between the top of your leg and your waist

She stood there with her hands on her hips glaring at him.

她站在那里，双手叉腰瞪着他。

The old lady had fallen and broken her hip.

那老妇人摔了一跤，髋部骨折。


hip

doing things or done according to the latest fashion

McMillan’s novel gets my vote for hippest book of the year.

我认为麦克米伦的小说是今年最潮的书。

More and more people are getting hip to e-banking.

越来越多的人开始了解电子银行业务。


hip

加油！好哇！〔表示赞许的喊声〕


hire

to pay money to borrow something for a short period of time

The best way to explore the island is to hire a car.

在该岛寻幽访胜的最好方式就是租用一辆汽车。

What does it cost to hire a boat for a week?

一艘小船租用一星期的费用是多少？

to employ someone for a short time to do a particular job

〔短期〕雇用〔专门做某事的人〕

Employers hire skilled people on fixed-term contracts.

雇主雇用技术人员，与其签订固定期限的合同。

A City lawyer has been hired to handle the case.

聘请了一位伦敦商业区的律师来处理这一案件。

Businesses may only hire foreign workers where an American cannot be found.

the power to [hire and fire](bold)(=employ and dismiss people)


hire

[ply for hire](bold) at → [ply](->ply) 1 sense 3

an arrangement in which you pay a sum of money to borrow something for a short time

吊车是从当地一家公司租来的。


his

[determiner](bold) [pron](bold) <[possessive form of ‘he’](bold)>

used to refer to something that belongs to or is connected with a man, boy, or male animal that has already been mentioned

他的；它的〔指雄性动物〕

我喜欢他的幽默感，你呢？

Even [his own](bold) mother would not have recognized him.

即使他的亲生母亲也会认不出他的。

刘易斯否认那孩子是他的。

My relatives all live in the States – his are in France.

我的亲戚都住在美国——他的亲戚都在法国。

Garry introduced us to some [friends of his](bold).

盖瑞把我们介绍给他的一些朋友。

Perhaps he’s ashamed of that car of his.

可能他对自己的那辆车感到丢脸。

used to refer to something that belongs to or is connected with someone who may be male or female. Some people think this use is old-fashioned

他的；她的〔统指男女，有些人认为此用法已过时〕

每个人都有自己的工作要做。

the obligations of a doctor to his patients


hiss

[hiss](bold) n. <C> eg: She heard a faint hiss as the metal struck the water.

to make a noise which sounds like ‘ssss’

蛇只在恐惧时才发出咝声。

if a crowd hisses a speaker, they interrupt them with angry sounds to show that they do not like them

〔因不满而〕（对 …）发嘘声

He was booed and hissed during a stormy meeting.

他在闹哄哄的会议中被人喝倒彩、发嘘声。


historian

someone who studies history, or the history of a particular thing


historic

[adj](bold) <[usually before noun](bold)>

a historic place or building is very old

a historic event or act is very important and will be recorded as part of history

历史上重要的，将载入史册的

具有历史意义的世界领导人会议

‘It is a [historic moment](bold),’ he told journalists.

“那是历史性的一刻。”他告诉新闻记者。

having taken place or existed in the past

It’s unlikely that the share price will exceed historic levels.

股价不太可能超过历史水平。

historic times are the periods of time whose history has been recorded

有历史记载的，有史以来的

Extinct volcanoes are those that have not erupted in historic times.

死火山指有史以来没有喷发过的火山。


historical

[historically](bold) /-kli/  adv. eg: How historically significant is this discovery?

It is important to look at the novel in its [historical context](bold).

在历史背景下看待这部小说很重要。

historical events, facts, people etc happened or existed in the past

Was King Arthur a real historical figure?

亚瑟王是真实的历史人物吗？

describing or based on events in the past

描写历史事件的；基于史实的


history

→ [natural history](->natural history) → [case history](->case history)

The country’s recent history is powerfully told in this film.

(=history since people have written things down)

These were the worst floods in recorded history.

(=the history of events in a particular local area)

The building is now a museum of local history.

It was one of the worst peacetime disasters in American history.

(=the history of people rather than the world itself)

World War I was the most destructive war in human history up to that time.

(=history that is told by speaking and that often consists of personal memories)

Smith recorded the conversation for oral history.

The 1970s were the most successful in the theatre's long history.

History shows that the usual response to violent protests is repression.

She will go down in history as one of the greatest tennis players of all time.

(=do something important that will be recorded and remembered)

Ordinary Berliners made history when they tore down the wall.

(=change what we believe are the facts about the past)

They're trying to rewrite history to exaggerate their role in the war.

(=find out what the history of something is)

James traces the history of modern cricket back to its beginnings in the late 1700s.

He is one of the politicians who shaped 20th century history.

(=the first time something has ever happened)

For the first time in history, an American president resigned his office.

(=do something that has many important effects)

Roosevelt and Churchill helped to change the course of history.

(=be closely connected with important events in history)

Cambridge is steeped in history and tradition.

(=to forget about something that existed in the past – used especially when saying that you will feel glad when people have got rid of something)

One day nuclear weapons will be consigned to the dustbin of history.

all the things that happened in the past, especially the political, social, or economic development of a nation

[Throughout history](bold) the achievements of women have been largely ignored.

从古至今，妇女的成就都被大大地忽视了。

No man in [recent history](bold) has done more to rebuild the Democratic Party.

Other meteor storms have occurred in [recorded history](bold).

在有记载的历史上发生过其他的流星暴。

a museum devoted to [local history](bold)

专门介绍当地历史的博物馆

one of the darkest episodes in [American history](bold)

美国历史上最黑暗的事件之一

an interesting [period in](bold) Egyptian [history](bold)

埃及历史上一段有趣的时期

a decision that [changed the course of history](bold)

[History shows that](bold) the usual response to violent protest is repression.

历史表明，一般对待暴力抗议的回应就是镇压。

the events that took place from the beginning and during the development of a particular place, activity, institution etc

the worst disaster in the history of space travel

The 1970s were the most successful in the theater’s long history.

20世纪70年代是该剧院悠久历史中最成功的时期。

the study of past events as a subject in school or university

a [potted history](bold)(=very short) of Gielgud’s life([(BrE)](bold))

a record of something that has affected someone or been done by them in the past

Your doctor will ask for your medical history.

Is there any history of heart disease in your family?

The defendant [had a history of](bold) violent assaults on women.

被告曾有暴力袭击妇女的数次前科。

to do something important that will be recorded and remembered

创造历史，做出名垂青史的重要事情

Lindbergh made history when he flew across the Atlantic.

林德伯格飞越大西洋，创造了历史。

used to say that something is important enough to be remembered and recorded

This day will go down in history as the start of a new era in South Africa.

今天将作为南非新时代的开始而被载入史册。

used to say that things often happen in the same way as they did before

Mozart’s genius earned him a place in the history books.

莫扎特的天赋使他名垂青史。

used to say that everyone knows the rest of a story you have been telling

used to say that something is not important anymore

那已是往事了〔表示某事已不再重要〕


hit

hit back
hit on
hit out
hit out at
hit up for
hit with

[the shit hits the fan](bold) at → [shit](->shit) 2 sense 17 [hit/strike paydirt](bold) at → [paydirt](->paydirt)

to hit someone quickly and hard with your hand, a stick etc

I don’t like to see people hitting a dog.

to hit someone deliberately many times, especially very hard

to hit someone with your hand or a weapon. [Strike ](bold) is more formal than [hit](bold) and is mainly used in written English

Her husband struck her twice across the face.

Police say that the man had been struck on the head.

to hit someone hard with your closed hand, especially in a fight

She was screaming and punching him with her fists.

to hurt someone badly in a violent attack, by hitting them many times

If I tell the police, they'll beat me up.

He had been beaten up and tortured with lighted cigarettes.

to hit someone with your open hand, especially because you are angry with them

They had a big row and she ended up slapping him.

to hit someone, especially a child, with your open hand in order to punish them

In those days, children were spanked if they behaved badly.

Jack hit the ball and it flew over the fence.

to hit a door or window with your closed hand in order to attract the attention of the people inside

to hit a surface. [Strike](bold) is more formal than [hit](bold) and is mainly used in written English

to hit something hard, especially in a way that causes damage

The police had to bash the door down to get in.

to gently hit something with your fingers, often in order to attract someone’s attention

to knock quickly or hit something several times

He rapped the table with his pen to bring the meeting to order.

Two police officers rapped on the door at 7 o'clock in the morning.

to suddenly hit something hard, in a way that makes a loud noise

Her father banged his fist down on the table angrily.

to hit something many times with a lot of force

I could hear the sea pounding on the rocks.

She pounded on the door and shouted wildly.

to hit something quickly many times making a loud continuous noise

A crowd of people were outside hammering on the door angrily.

I’ve got a bad bruise where I hit my leg against the table.

to hit a part of your body against something, especially because you do not see or notice it

Careful you don’t bump your head – the ceiling’s very low.

to hit something hard, so that you hurt yourself or damage something

She fell and bashed her chin on the ground.

to hit your toe against something and hurt it

[past tense and past participle](italic) [hit](bold) [present participle](italic) [hitting](bold)

to touch someone or something quickly and hard with your hand, a stick etc

The robbers hit him over the head with a baseball bat.

劫匪用棒球棒击打他的头部。

to move into something or someone quickly and with force

The tanks exploded as the plane hit the ground.

飞机坠地时油箱发生爆炸。

to move a part of your body quickly against something accidentally, causing pain

The ceiling’s low, so be careful you don’t hit your head.

天花板很低，小心别撞头。

She slipped and hit her head on the sidewalk.

她滑了一跤，头撞在人行道上。

if you hit a ball or other object, you make it move forward quickly by hitting it with a bat, stick etc

〔用球拍、球棒等〕击打〔球等〕

[Hit](bold) the ball as [hard](bold) as you can.

to get points by hitting a ball in a game such as baseball or cricket

去年格里菲击出了49个本垒打。

to press a part in a machine, car, etc to make it work

to attack something or wound someone with a bomb, bullet etc

Our ship was [badly hit](bold) and sank within minutes.

我们的船遭到重创后，没过几分钟便沉没了。

The bomb failed to [hit](bold) its [target](bold).

if something bad hits a place or a person, it suddenly happens and affects people badly

The village has been hit by a devastating drought.

那个村庄遭受了严重的干旱。

Hurricane Louis is expected to hit at the weekend.

飓风“路易斯”预计本周末来袭。

The company has been hard hit by the drop in consumer confidence.

该公司因为消费者信心下滑遭受了沉重的打击。

The south of the country is [the worst hit](bold) by the recession.

该国的南部受经济衰退的冲击最为严重。

碰到，遇到〔困难、问题等〕

[hit a snag/problems/a bad patch etc](bold)

My father hit a bad patch, and had to sell the house.

我父亲遇到了大麻烦，只得把房子卖掉。

Sales have [hit the](bold) 1 million [mark](bold).

销售额达到100万大关。

20世纪80年代初利润达到最高水平。

[hit rock-bottom/an all-time low etc](bold)

if a fact hits you, you suddenly realize its importance and feel surprised or shocked

It’s impossible to pinpoint a moment when [it hit](bold) me [that](bold) I was ‘a success’.

无法准确说出是在哪一刻我突然意识到自己是个“成功人士”。

He was gone before they [knew what](bold) had [hit](bold) them (=realized what had happened).

他们还没意识到发生了什么，他就已经走了。

if a smell or sight hits you, you suddenly smell or see it

〔突然〕被 …闻到，被 …看到

The smell of stale smoke hit him as he entered.

他进去的时候一股难闻的烟味扑鼻而来。

They hit the main road two kilometres further on.

他们往前走了两公里后到了大路上。

I’ll look for work as soon as I hit town.

我一到镇上就会去找工作。

if a product hits the shops, it becomes available to buy

I managed to get a copy of the book before it hit the shops.

那本书上市前我设法弄到了一本。

to be reported widely on television, in newspapers etc

The couple hit the headlines last year when their relationship broke down.

这对夫妻去年因为关系破裂而上了报纸头条。

to start drinking too much alcohol regularly

After his marriage failed, he hit the bottle big time.

他婚姻失败后便开始酗酒。

to fall to the ground in order to avoid something dangerous

〔为躲避危险之物而〕扑倒在地

我的第一反应就是扑倒在地上。

to suddenly not be able to make any progress

我觉得我的演奏技巧突然停滞不前。

if a plan, project etc hits the buffers, it fails

Croft’s comeback hit the skids yesterday when she lost in the quarter-finals.

昨天克罗夫特在四分之一决赛中落败，她东山再起的计划落空了。

to upset or harm someone when they are already defeated

乘人之危打击某人，对某人落井下石

to do something that you know will upset someone in the most damaging way

攻击某人的要害，打某人的痛处

Hit your husband where it hurts – in his wallet!

要击中你丈夫的要害——瞄准他的钱包！

if two people hit it off, they like each other as soon as they meet

（与某人）一见如故，合得来

我就知道你与迈克会一见如故的。

(also: [hit it big](bold) ([AmE](bold)) )

to suddenly become very famous, successful, and rich

The 25-year-old painter hopes to hit it big in New York.

那位25岁的画家希望能在纽约一举成名。

to start doing something successfully without any delay

Law graduates are expected to hit the ground running.

人们认为法律系学生一毕业就能过得顺风顺水。

Owens hit the jackpot in his first professional game with the Cowboys.

欧文斯在加盟牛仔队后的第一场职业赛中便大获成功。

used to say that what someone has said is exactly right

正中要害，一针见血，一语中的

You’ve hit the nail on the head there, David.

if a remark, criticism etc about you hits home, you realize that it is true

〔评论、批评等〕使人豁然醒悟

Graham didn’t reply, but she could see her words had hit home.

格雷厄姆没有回答，但她能看出自己的话说到点子上了。

if a blow or kick hits home, it hits the thing it is aimed at

to have exactly the good effect that you wanted, especially when you are hungry or thirsty

恰到好处；切合需要；〔尤指〕让人吃饱喝足

Ranieri returned, saw the mess, and hit the roof.

拉涅里回来看到一片狼藉的情景便大发雷霆。

(also: [hit the hay](bold) ([AmE](bold)) )


hit

something such as a film, play, song etc that is very popular and successful

风行一时的事物〔如电影、戏剧、歌曲等〕

the hit musical ‘The Phantom of the Opera’

风靡一时的音乐剧《歌剧魅影》

披头士乐队最受欢迎的歌曲

Which band [had a hit](bold) with ‘Bohemian Rhapsody’?

《波希米亚狂想曲》是哪支乐队风行一时的歌曲？

It’s hoped the new museum will be a big hit with families.

人们希望新博物馆会受到众多家庭的喜爱。

an occasion when something that is aimed at something else touches it, reaches it, or damages it

Our ship took a [direct hit](bold) and sank.

我们的船被直接击中下沉了。

an occasion when someone visits a website

The site had 2,000 hits in the first week.

该网站在第一周内有2,000次点击量。

a result of a computer search, especially on the Internet

〔尤指在因特网上的〕搜索结果

〔在某方面〕受到严重影响

The region's economy will take a hit if the airbase is closed.

如果该空军基地被关闭，该地区的经济将受到严重影响。

a feeling of pleasure obtained from taking an illegal drug

a murder that has been arranged to happen


hitchhike

[hitchhiker](bold) n. <C> eg: I picked up a hitchhiker on our way back.

also: [hitch](bold)  [v](bold) <[I](bold)>

to travel to places by getting free rides from drivers of passing cars

She spent her gap year hitchhiking around the world.

她在上大学前的间隔年搭便车环游世界各地。


hitherto

a species of fish [hitherto unknown](bold) in the West

迄今在西方还不为人知的一种鱼


hobby

[hobbyist](bold) n. <C> eg: a magazine for aircraft modelling hobbyists

In everyday English, people often talk about what they do [in](bold)  their [free time](bold)  rather than use the word [hobbies](bold) :

In my free time, I like reading and cooking.

an activity that you enjoy, and that you like to spend time doing when you are not working

Stamp collecting has been a hobby of mine since I was a child.

We had to write an essay about our hobbies.

something that you are interested in and like doing or talking about

Her interests were the same as most young girls – pop music, boys and clothes.

something that you do because it is enjoyable or interesting

Gardening was her mother's favourite pastime.

In England talking about the weather is a national pastimesomething that a lot of people in a country do.

something that you feel extremely interested in and care a lot about

an activity that you spend time doing – used especially in the following phrases

The hills and lakes are used for a variety of outdoor pursuits.

Her son wasn't really interested in academic pursuits.

Mountaineering, golfing, and fishing were among his leisure pursuits

an activity that you enjoy doing in your free time

Susan’s hobbies include reading, cooking, and drama.

苏珊的业余爱好包括阅读、烹饪和戏剧。

Retirement gave him the time to pursue his hobbies.

退休以后他有充裕的时间来做自己喜欢做的事。


hockey

a game played on grass by two teams of 11 players, with sticks and a ball

a game similar to hockey, but played on ice

冰球，冰上曲棍球（运动）


hold

hold against
hold back
hold down
hold forth
hold off
hold on
hold on to
hold out
hold out for
hold out on
hold over
hold to
hold together
hold up
hold up as
hold with

[hold a course](bold) at → [course](->course) 1 sense 8

to have something in your hand, hands, or arms

to hold something very tightly and not let it go

He gripped her arm so she couldn’t walk away.

Jenny gripped the side of the boat to steady herself.

to hold something tightly, especially because you do not want to drop or lose it

A businessman hurried past, clutching his briefcase.

to hold someone or something tightly, closing your fingers or arms around them

She was clasping a bunch of small summer flowers.

He clasped her in his arms and kissed her.

to take something in your hand or hands and hold it

I took hold of the handle and pulled as hard as I could.

Quickly – try and get hold of that frog!

to take hold of something firmly, especially in a determined way

She grasped the lowest branch and pulled herself up into the tree.

to take hold of something suddenly and often violently

The other man grabbed hold ofsuddenly took hold of  my arms and threatened me with a knife.

A police officer ran after him and seized the gun.

to hold on to something or someone tightly to support yourself

He hung on to the rail at the back of the motorbike.

Greg was struggling to keep hold of the dog.

She tried to take her hand away but he kept hold of it.

[past tense and past participle](italic) [held](bold) /held/

to have something in your hand, hands, or arms

[hold hands](bold)(=hold each other’s hands)

[hold sb close/tightly](bold)(=with your arms around someone)

Max held her close and wiped away her tears.

马克斯抱紧她并给她擦去眼泪。

to move your hand or something in your hand in a particular direction

使〔手或手持之物〕处于某种位置

He [held out](bold) his [hand](bold) to help her to her feet.

to have a meeting, party, election etc in a particular place or at a particular time

This year’s conference will be held at the Hilton Hotel.

今年的会议将在希尔顿酒店召开。

A thanksgiving ceremony was held to mark the occasion.

举行了一个感恩仪式以庆祝这一特别的时刻。

The funeral was held on a grey day in November.

葬礼在11月的一个阴天举行。

In April, the president [held talks with](bold) Chinese leaders.

4月，总统和中国领导人举行了会谈。

to make something stay in a particular position

使〔某物〕保持〔在某种位置上〕

We used rolled-up newspapers to hold the windows open.

我们用卷起的报纸抵住窗户让它们开着。

Remember to hold your head up and keep your back straight.

A couple of screws should hold it in place.

几个螺钉就可以把它固定住了。

Lift your head off the floor and hold this position for five seconds.

把头抬离地面，保持这个姿势五秒钟。

to have a particular job or position, especially an important one

Do you really think he’s capable of holding such a responsible position?

你真的认为他能担任这个责任重大的职位吗？

[hold the post/position/office etc (of sth)](bold)

She was the first woman to hold the office of Australian state premier.

她是澳大利亚第一位担任州长的女性。

The governor had held the post since 1989.

那位州长自1989年起一直在任。

Whoever is elected will [hold office](bold)(=have an important political position) for four years.

to have a particular title or record, because you have won a competition, are the best at something etc

拥有〔头衔、称号〕；保持〔纪录〕

The programme still [holds the record for](bold) the longest running TV series.

该节目仍然保持着播放时间最长的电视系列节目这一纪录。

The last Briton to hold the title was Bert Nicholson.

最后一名拥有该称号的英国人是伯特•尼科尔森。

to keep something to be used when it is needed

Further copies of the book are held in the library.

这本书在图书馆还存有一些。

to agree not to give something such as a ticket, a place at a restaurant, a job etc to anyone except a particular person

〔为某人〕保留〔票、餐厅座位、工作等〕

We can hold the reservation for you until next Friday.

我们可以把您的预订保留到下星期五。

You can’t expect them to hold the job open for much longer – you’ll have to decide whether you want it or not.

不要以为他们还会保留这个空缺职位很长时间——你必须决定要不要接受。

to keep someone somewhere, and not allow them to leave

Police are holding two men in connection with the robbery.

警方拘留了同抢劫案有关联的两名男子。

A senior army officer was held hostage for four months.

一名高级军官被扣押为人质达四个月。

[hold sb incommunicado](bold)(=keep someone somewhere and not allow them to communicate with anyone)

持有，怀有〔某种观点或信念〕

Experts hold varying opinions as to the causes of the disease.

专家们对该病的病因各持不同意见。

[be widely/generally/commonly held](bold)(=be the opinion of a lot of people)

持这种观点的人并不多见。

She was held to be one of the most talented actors of her time.

她被认为是她那个时代最有天赋的演员之一。

The judge held that the child’s interests in this case must come first.

法官认为，该案必须首先考虑孩子的利益。

hold sb responsible/accountable/liable (for sth)

to say or decide that someone should accept the responsibility for something bad that happens

认为某人应该（为某事）负责，要某人（对某事）负责

If anything happens to her, I’ll [hold](bold) you [personally responsible](bold).

如果她出了什么事，我就唯你是问。

He may have had a terrible childhood, but he should still be held accountable for his own actions.

他的童年也许是很不幸，但他仍然要为自己的行为负责。

to officially own or possess money, a document, a company etc

持有，拥有〔金钱、证件、公司等〕

他持有帝国化学工业集团的股份。

to have the space to contain a particular amount of something

这家电影院能容纳500人。

The tank should hold enough to last us a few days.

油箱应该可以存足够的油，让我们用上几天。

to be strong enough to support the weight of something or someone

Careful! I’m not sure that branch will hold you.

小心！我觉得那根树枝承受不了你的重量。

The bridge didn’t look as though it would hold.

to stay at a particular amount, level, or rate, or to make something do this

（使）保持〔某种数量、水平或速度〕

The bank is holding interest rates at 4%.

Since then, the pound has [held steady](bold) against the dollar.

从那时起，英镑对美元的汇率一直保持稳定。

[hold sb’s interest/attention](bold)(=make someone stay interested)

Colourful pictures help hold the students’ interest.

色彩缤纷的图片有助于使学生保持兴趣。

to continue to be true, good, available etc

Twenty years on, his advice still holds good.

过了二十年，他的建议依然适用。

[weather/luck holds (out)](bold)(=continues to be good)

If our luck holds, we could reach the final.

如果继续走运，我们有望进入决赛。

used in particular phrases to tell someone to wait or not to do something

停止做，别做〔用于某些短语中〕

I’ll have a tuna fish sandwich please – and hold the mayo(=do not give me any).

请给我来一份金枪鱼三明治——不要蛋黄酱。

等等！我们还没准备好呢。

[hold your horses!](bold)(=used to tell someone to do something more slowly or carefully)

to behave as if you are proud of yourself or respect yourself

They may have lost the game, but I still think they’ve earned the right to hold their heads high today.

他们也许是输掉了这场比赛，但我仍然认为今天他们有权利昂首挺胸。

to deliberately not breathe out for a short time

to not breathe out and try not to make a sound because you do not want to be noticed

Julie shrank back against the wall and held her breath.

朱莉缩到墙边，屏住呼吸。

used to say that you do not expect something to happen, even though someone has said it will

He promised he’d phone, but I’m not holding my breath.

他答应要打电话的，不过我可不指望他会打。

to not shoot at someone when you were going to

to not criticize, attack, or oppose someone when you were going to

The president urged his party to hold fire on the issue a few days longer.

总统敦促他的政党在这个问题上再忍耐几天，不要“开火”。

to wait until the person you have telephoned is ready to answer

Mr Stevens is busy at the moment – would you like to hold?

史蒂文斯先生现在正忙，你要等吗？

Please hold the line while I transfer you.

if an army holds a place, it controls it or defends it from attack

防守，保卫；〔用武力〕占据

The French army held the town for three days.

法军在这个镇防守了三天。

to make a musical note continue for a particular length of time

if the future holds something, that is what may happen

Thousands of workers are waiting to see [what the future holds](bold).

几千名工人对未来的局势拭目以待。

[hold (little) interest/appeal/promise etc](bold)

Many church services hold little appeal for modern tastes.

许多教堂的礼拜仪式对于现代人缺乏吸引力。

to successfully defend yourself or succeed in a difficult situation, competition etc

〔在困境、比赛等中〕固守阵地，（与某人）针锋相对

He was a good enough player to hold his own against the Americans.

他是个优秀的球员，有足够的能力与美国人较量。

to be much worse than someone or something else

远比不上某人/某事物，无法与某人/某事物相比

([be left holding the bag](bold) ([AmE](bold)) )

to be left as the only person responsible for dealing with a difficult situation, especially something someone else started

He was left holding the financial baby when his musical partner joined another band.

他的音乐搭档加入了另一支乐队，所以在经济上他不得不独力承担。

Among people here, traditional values still hold sway.

在这里的人中，传统的价值观仍占主导地位。

to get the attention of everyone while you are talking, especially when you are trying to entertain people

Joey would walk into the bar and hold court all night.

乔伊进了酒吧就会成为人们整晚注意的焦点。

used to tell someone to stop talking or to not tell someone about something

I reckon you’ve just got to learn to hold your tongue.

我认为你要学会管好你的嘴巴。

to have all the advantages in a situation in which people are competing or arguing

‘There’s not much we can do. They seem to hold all the cards,’ said Dan gloomily.

“我们没什么办法了，他们好像已经占了绝对优势。”丹沮丧地说。

to be responsible for something while the person usually responsible for it is not there

〔负责人不在时〕代为处理事务

She’s holding the fort while the manager’s on holiday.

经理休假，她负责处理事务。

to be winning in a competition, game etc

在上半场比赛中，凯尔特人队领先。

used to say that someone is so determined to do something that you cannot prevent them from doing it

to be able to drink a lot of alcohol without getting drunk or ill

if an excuse, a statement etc does not hold water, it does not seem to be true or reasonable

〔借口、陈述等〕站不住脚，不可信

to care about something or someone a lot

We were facing the loss of everything we held dear.

我们面临着失去全部所爱的可能。

if a car holds the road well, you can drive it quickly around bends without losing control

〔汽车急转弯时〕抓地性能良好

used to tell someone to remember what has just been said and then continue discussing it or thinking about it later

记住刚才说到哪里〔以便下次继续讨论〕


hold

Maria winced as Luke tightened his hold on her fingers.

Laughing, he loosened his hold until she could pull her arms free.

As soon as his fingers released their hold, Robyn turned and ran.

I had to run to keep hold of the leather strap.

Wallace took hold of Fred’s jacket and pulled him roughly backwards.

(=start holding something quickly and firmly)

She grabbed hold of the letter and tore it open.

the action of holding something with your hands

She released her [tight hold on](bold) the dog.

她松开被她紧紧牵着的狗。

He [tightened](bold) his [hold](bold), refusing to let her go.

他抓得更紧了，不让她走。

Make sure you [keep hold of](bold) my hand when we cross the road.

过马路时你一定要抓住我的手。

I [took hold of](bold) her hand and gently led her away.

我抓住她的手，小心地带她离开。

[Grab hold of](bold) the rope and pull yourself up.

(also: [get a hold of sth](bold) ([AmE](bold)) )

to find or borrow something so that you can use it

(also: [get a hold of sb](bold) ([AmE](bold)) )

to find and speak to someone about something

I must get hold of Vanessa to see if she can babysit.

我必须找到瓦妮莎，看看她能不能帮忙照看一下孩子。

control, power, or influence over something or someone

He struggled to get a hold of his emotions.

他尽力控制住自己的情绪。

I’ve always kept [a tight hold](bold) on our finances.

我一直牢牢控制着我们的经济收入。

I realized that the woman [had a hold over](bold) my father.

我意识到那女人控制着我父亲。

if something is on hold, it is going to be done or dealt with at a later date rather than now

The plans are on hold until after the election.

那些计划被推迟到选举以后。

Since having the kids, my career has been [put on hold](bold).

自从有了孩子，我的事业被搁置下来。

if you are on hold, you are waiting to talk to someone on the telephone

We try not to keep people on hold for more than a couple of minutes.

我们尽量不让打电话的人等候超过几分钟。

The agent [put](bold) me [on hold](bold) while she consulted a colleague.

经纪人让我等着，她去问一个同事。

get hold of an idea/an impression/a story etc

得到[开始相信]某个想法/印象/说法等

Where on earth did you get hold of that idea?

你这想法到底是哪里来的？

a particular position that you hold an opponent in, in a fight or a sport such as wrestling

〔摔跤等运动中的〕擒拿招式，擒拿技法

somewhere you can put your hands or feet to help you climb something

支撑点，落脚点〔指攀爬时供手攀、脚踩之处〕

The cliff was steep and it was difficult to find a hold.

悬崖陡峭，很难找到攀踏的地方。

the part of a ship below the deck11 where goods are stored

when there are no rules or limits on what you are allowed to do

无规则的，无限制的，为所欲为的

It seems there are no holds barred when it comes to making a profit.

赚钱谋利似乎可以不择手段。


holder

Season-ticket holders are furious at the rise in rail fares.

买季票的人对火车票价上涨极为愤怒。

something that is used to hold an object


hole

[ace in the hole](bold) at → [ace](->ace) 1 sense 7 → [black hole](->black hole) [square peg in a round hole](bold) at → [square](->square) 1 sense 12 → [watering hole](->watering hole)

an empty space in the surface of something, which sometimes goes all the way through it

Rain was coming in through a hole in the roof.

an empty area between two things, into which you can put something

Are there any empty spaces on the bookshelf?

an empty area between two things or two parts of something, especially one that should not be there

He has a gap between his two front teeth.

a hole that something can pass through or that you can see through, especially at the entrance of something

The train disappeared into the dark opening of the tunnel.

I looked through the narrow opening in the wall.

a small hole where something has been damaged or broken that lets liquid or gas flow in or out

The plumber’s coming to repair the leak.

a small hole in a tyre through which air escapes

a very narrow space between two things or two parts of something

The snake slid into a crack in the rock.

She was peering through the crack in the curtains.

a straight narrow hole that you put a particular type of object into

You have to put a coin in the slot before you dial the number.

A small disk fits into a slot in the camera.

a round hole in the ground made by an explosion or by a large object hitting it hard

The meteor left a crater over five miles wide.

Make a hole in the bottom of the can using a hammer and nail.

to make a small hole in or through something, using a pointed object

Shelley wanted to have her ears piercedfor earrings.

to make a very small hole in the surface of something, using a pointed object

My finger was bleeding where the needle had pricked it.

to make a hole through paper or flat material using a metal tool or other sharp object

I bought one of those things for punching holes in paper.

You have to get your ticket punched before you get on the train.

to make a small hole in something, especially something where skin or a wall surrounds a softer or hollow inside part

Fragments of the bullet had perforated his intestines.

to make a hole using a special tool, often one which turns round and round very quickly

The dentist started drilling a hole in my tooth.

They won a contract to drill for oil in the area.

to make a deep round hole through a rock, into the ground etc

The men were boring a hole for the tunnel.

I began [digging](bold) a [hole](bold) for the plant.

→ Don’t say there is a hole ‘on’ something. Say there is a hole [in](bold) something.

a space in something solid that allows light or things to pass through

They climbed through a hole in the fence.

他们从栅栏的缺口爬了过去。

a place where someone or something should be, but is missing

Their departure will leave a gaping hole in Grand Prix racing.

他们的离去将给汽车大奖赛留下一个巨大的空白。

a weak part or fault in something such as an idea or plan

〔想法、计划等的〕漏洞，破绽，问题

If you have holes in your game, work on them.

假如你运动技能上有不足的地方，就要在这方面下功夫。

a hole in the ground that you try to get the ball into in the game of golf

one part of a golf course with this kind of hole at one end

when someone hits the ball in golf from the starting place into the hole with only one hit

〔高尔夫球运动中的〕一杆进洞

to use a large part of an amount of money, food etc

用去某物的一大部分，大量消耗某物

Holidays can make a big hole in your savings.

度假会花去你一大笔存款。

I was something like $16,000 in the hole already.

我已经负债大概1.6万美元了。

used to say that you definitely do not need or want something

I need this conversation like a hole in the head.


hole

〔高尔夫球运动中〕击（球）入洞

He [holed](bold) the [putt](bold) with ease.

if a ship is holed, something makes a hole in it


holiday

→ [bank holiday](->bank holiday) → [public holiday](->public holiday)

You use [holidays](bold)  when talking about a period when you are not working or studying, or when you are travelling.

You say [the holidays](bold) : Soon it will be the holidays.

You say [my/your/her etc holidays:](bold)  Where do you want to go for your holidays?

The children were excited about going on holiday.

Teachers cannot take holidays during term time.

They went on a camping holiday in France.

(=a holiday in which you pay a price that includes travel, room, and food)

The company organizes package holidays to Spain and Greece.

They were going to a house on the coast for their summer holidays.

Why not try a winter holiday for a change?

I first visited Orkney on a family holiday when I was a boy.

We were getting ready for our annual holiday in Cornwall.

They won a dream holiday for two to the Caribbean.

(=a place with many hotels where a lot of people go on holiday)

(=a town or country where a lot of people go on holiday)

Marmaris is one of Turkey's most popular holiday destinations.

(=a magazine that shows what holidays you can take)

We were looking through holiday brochures thinking about the summer.

(=photographs that you take when you are on holiday)

(=a brief romantic relationship with someone you meet on holiday)

It was just a holiday romance; I never saw him again.

(=a holiday in a country other than the one you live in)

They were planning a holiday abroad that year.

(=a very good or expensive holiday that you will only take once)

We took the family on a holiday of a lifetime to Orlando, Florida.

I’m away on holiday until the 1st of June.

我外出休假，6月1日回来。

He came to stay with us in the school holidays.

学校放假期间他来跟我们住。

a holiday from her usual responsibilities

她暂时放下日常工作去度假

In everyday British English, when someone is temporarily away from their work or studies, people often say they are [off](bold) , rather than [on holiday](bold) . Note, however, that [off](bold)  can also mean that someone is away from their work or studies because they are sick:

‘Where’s Kate?’ ‘She’s [off](bold) this week.’

a period of time when you travel to another place for pleasure

He caught malaria while on holiday in Africa.

他在非洲度假时染上了疟疾。

I haven’t had a proper holiday for two years.

我已经两年没有好好度假了。

a day fixed by law on which people do not have to go to work or school

The 4th of July is a [national holiday](bold) in the US.

7月4日是美国的全国性假日。

the period between Thanksgiving and New Year

假期季节〔从感恩节到新年的这段时间〕

the period in the summer when most people take a holiday

休假旺季〔指夏天大多数人休假的时间段〕


holiday

to spend your holiday in a place – used especially in news reports

度假〔尤用于新闻报道中〕


hollow

[hollowly](bold) adv. eg: Sam laughed hollowly.

He was short and thin, with hollow eyes.

a hollow sound is low and clear like the sound made when you hit something empty

〔声音〕空洞的，空荡回响的

There was a hollow thump as the cars collided.

车辆相撞时发出了空洞的撞击声。

words, events, or people that are hollow have no real worth or value

〔语言、事件或人〕虚假的，无价值的

They won, but it was a [hollow victory](bold).

他们赢了，但那是一个没有实际意义的胜利。

Even as he spoke, Ivan was well aware of the [hollow ring](bold) to his words.

即使是在演讲时，伊万也十分清楚自己的言辞是多么空洞无力。

a hollow laugh or voice makes a weak sound and is without emotion


hollow

a place in something that is at a slightly lower level than its surface

Make a slight hollow in the middle of each cake.

在每一块蛋糕中间挖一个浅浅的洞。


hollow

to make the surface of something curve inwards

The steps were hollowed by centuries of use.

经过几个世纪的踩踏，台阶上出现了凹痕。


holy

[take (holy) orders](bold) at → [order](->order) 1 sense 18

connected with God and religion, and therefore treated in a special way – used especially in the following phrases

They believe they are fighting a holy war.

The priest puts some holy water on the child’s head.

This place is sacred to both Jews and Muslims.

Human love should be a reflection of divine love, and so not be selfish or cruel.

relating to the soul, the spirit, and religion, and not with physical things or ordinary human activities

Your spiritual life is far more important than any material things you could acquire.

a hallowed place is considered to be very holy

The Golden Temple is Sikhism’s most hallowed shrine.

made holy by God – used especially about saints

[comparative](italic) [holier](bold) [superlative](italic) [holiest](bold)

（有关）上帝[宗教]的，神圣的

→see THESAURUS at [religious](->religious)

used to express feelings such as surprise or fear

天啊，上帝呀〔表示惊讶、恐惧等〕

someone, especially a child, who causes problems for other people


home

→ [home plate](->home plate) → [home run](->home run)

the house, apartment, or place where you live

More and more people are working from home.

It was past midnight by the time I got home.

a building that someone lives in, especially a building intended for one person, couple, or family

Have you seen Dave’s new house – it’s huge!

the house, apartment, or room where someone lives

We went to Sara’s place after the movie.

He’s just bought a fantastic place right by the sea.

the house or apartment where someone lives, especially a large or official one

The prime minister’s official residence is 10 Downing Street.

His wife transferred her main residence to Spain.

a house that someone owns by the sea, in the mountains etc, where they go for their holidays

They bought a luxury holiday home in Spain.

(=a caring family without a lot of changes)

(=a family in which the parents have separated)

Many of the youngsters came from broken homes.

The house was once the family home of the O'Dare family.

He left the marital home to move in with his lover.

I had not been back to my childhood home for ten years.

Flood victims were offered temporary homes.

More people in their twenties are still living at home because housing is so expensive.

(=stop living with your parents at home)

(=do your work at home instead of at an office)

They have a beautiful home in California.

他们在加州有个美丽的家。

Last night we stayed at home and watched TV.

昨晚我们待在家里看电视。

He was spending more and more time away from home.

他不在家的时间越来越多。

[work from/at home](bold)(=do your work at home instead of at a company office)

A family of birds [made](bold) their [home](bold)(=started living) under the roof.

the place where a child lived with his or her family

杰克16岁离开家独立生活。

Were you still [living at home](bold)(=with your parents)?

那时你仍和父母住在一起吗？

Carrie moved out of the [family home](bold) a year ago.

卡丽一年前搬离了父母的家。

the place where you came from or where you usually live, especially when this is the place where you feel happy and comfortable

She was born in Italy, but she’s [made](bold) Charleston her [home](bold).

她出生在意大利，但在查尔斯顿安了家。

The folks back home don’t really understand what life is like here.

家乡的父老乡亲并不了解这里的生活是怎样的。

the country where you live, as opposed to foreign countries

He’s been travelling, but he’s kept up with what’s going on back home.

他一直在旅行，不过他一直关注着国内发生的事情。

to feel comfortable in a place or with a person

I’m already feeling at home in the new apartment.

我在新公寓里已经习惯了。

After a while we began to feel at home with each other.

过了一会儿我们就彼此熟悉，不再拘谨。

to feel happy or confident about doing or using something

Practise using the camera until you feel quite at home with it.

练习下怎么用这台照相机，直到熟练为止。

a house, apartment etc considered as property which you can buy or sell

a place where people who are very old or sick, or children who have no family, are looked after

〔老人或病人的〕疗养所；〔儿童的〕养育院

I could never [put](bold) Dad [into](bold) a [home](bold).

我绝不会把爸爸送进养老院。

→ [children's home](->children's home) → [nursing home](->nursing home) → [rest home](->rest home)

used to tell someone who is visiting you that they should relax

请随便，别拘礼〔招呼客人时说〕

to make someone feel relaxed by being friendly towards them

We like to make our customers feel at home.

我们希望给客人宾至如归的感觉。

the place where something was first discovered, made, or developed

某事物的发祥地，某事物的发源地

the place where a plant or animal grows or lives

〔植物或动物的〕产地，生长地，栖息地

India is the home of elephants and tigers.

印度是大象和老虎的生息地。

if a sports team plays at home, they play at their own sports field

Birmingham Bullets are at home to Kingston.

伯明翰子弹队在主场与金斯顿队对阵。

a place that you think is as pleasant and comfortable as your own house

used to say how nice it is to be in your own home

可爱的家〔表示在家里愉悦的心情〕

a place where animals with no owners are looked after

流浪狗/猫之家，流浪狗/猫收容所

to find a place where something can be kept

used humorously to ask what a long or unusual word means

说白了是什么意思？〔幽默用法，询问长的或不常用单词的意思〕

a place in some games or sports which a player must try to reach in order to win a point


home

[close to home](bold) at → [close](->close) 2 sense 19

You [go home](bold) , [come home](bold) , or [get home](bold) : We all went home. I wish he’d come home. What time did you get home?
Don’t say: [We all went to home.](strike)  [I wish he’d come to home.](strike)  [What time did you get to home?](strike)

You [go back home](bold)  or [come back home](bold) : Why don’t you go back home and rest?
Don’t say: [back to home](strike)

They brought the baby home from the hospital on Friday.

他们周五把孩子从医院接回了家。

I’m [going home](bold) now. See you tomorrow.

我现在要回家了，明天见。

[come/get/reach etc home](bold)(=arrive at your home)

It was midnight by the time we got home.

take home £120 per week/$600 a month etc

to earn a certain amount of money after tax has been taken off

〔税后〕收入为每周120英镑/每月600美元等

The average worker takes home around $300 a week.

普通工人每周的税后净收入约为300美元。

to make sure that someone understands what you mean by saying it in an extremely direct and determined way

We really need to drive this message home.

我们确实需要明确表达这一信息。

to hit or push something firmly into the correct position

将某物敲/推/锤击等至合适的位置

to make you realize how serious, difficult, or dangerous something is

使某人充分意识到某性质〔如严重性、难度或危险性〕

The episode has brought home to me the pointlessness of this war.

这段经历让我充分意识到这场战争是毫无意义的。

if a remark, situation, or experience hits home, it makes you realize how serious, difficult, or dangerous something is

〔言语等〕正中要害；〔形势、经历〕使人豁然省悟

She could see that her remark had hit home.

to have succeeded in doing the most difficult part of something

If I last five years with no symptoms, I’ll be home free.

如果五年不出现症状，我就没事。


home

relating to or belonging to your home or family

[home address/number](bold)(=the address or telephone number of your house)

These children need a proper [home life](bold).

这些孩子需要正常的家庭生活。

done at home or intended for use in a home

played or playing at a team’s own sports field, rather than an opponent’s field

The home team took the lead after 25 minutes.

relating to a particular country, as opposed to foreign countries

The meat was destined for the home market.


homeland

a large area of land where a particular group of people can live

〔某一群人的〕定居点，聚居地


homeless

Thousands of people have been [made homeless](bold).

成千上万人被逼得无家可归。

people who have nowhere to live, and who often live on the streets


homepage

the first page of a website, which often contains links to other pages on that website


homesick

feeling unhappy because you are a long way from your home


homework

[Homework](bold)  is an uncountable noun and is not used in the plural. You say: The teacher gave us a lot of homework.
Don’t say: [The teacher gave us a lot of homeworks.](strike)

[Homework](bold)  is always followed by a singular verb. The homework [was ](bold) really difficult.

When talking about one essay or exercise that you have to do, you say a [piece of homework](bold) : I just have one more piece of homework to do.

The teacher gave them some homework to do by Monday.

I often have to help her with her homework.

You must hand in your homework by Friday.

You’re not going out until you’ve finished your homework.

(=give homework you have done to your teacher)

He always hands his homework in on time.

I still have one piece of homework left to do.

work that a student at school is asked to do at home

〔学生的〕家庭作业，功课

[For homework](bold), finish the exercise on page 14.

家庭作业是完成第14页的练习。

if you do your homework, you prepare for an important activity by finding out information you need

〔重要活动之前的〕准备工作

It’s worth [doing](bold) a bit of [homework](bold) before buying a computer.

买电脑之前做点准备工作是值得的。


homicide

the police department that deals with murders

凶杀科〔指警方负责处理谋杀案件的部门〕


homogeneous

ˌhəʊməˈdʒiːniəs◂

also: [ho·mo·ge·nous](bold) /həˈmɒdʒɪnəs
        -ˈmɑː-/  [adj](bold)

consisting of people or things that are all of the same type

由同种族人组成的；由同类组成的


homosexual

[homosexuality](bold) /ˌhəʊməsekʃuˈæləti, ˌhɒ-/ US /ˌhoʊ-/  n. <U>

if someone, especially a man, is homosexual, they are sexually attracted to people of the same sex


honest

always saying what is true, and not cheating, stealing etc

I liked them because they were good honest people.

You can trust Noah – he’s totally honest.

known to be honest and good in your business or work – used about people, companies, or organizations

It’s best to buy from a reputable company.

They were highly reputable sports physicians.

honest and legal – used about the way something is done, organized etc

Was the voting in the elections above board?

George was an upright man from a military family.

saying what you really think and not hiding the truth or the facts

I’m going to ask you something, and I want you to be honest with me.

To be honest, I didn’t think his speech was very good.

I can’t help you if you’re not straight with me.

willing to talk about what you think, feel etc in an honest way, rather than trying to hide it

People have become more open about their feelings.

She’s very easy to talk to because she’s so open.

speaking honestly and directly about something, especially something that people find difficult to discuss

In his book, he’s brutally frank about his experience with his illness.

saying exactly what you think in an honest clear way, even when this might annoy or upset people

speaking in a completely honest way, even if it upsets people, when it would be better to be more careful or polite

His hard tone and blunt words were hurtful.

She didn’t reply and I knew I had been too blunt.

talking and behaving in an honest way, even when it is difficult to do this, in a way that people respect

It’s best to be upfront about your financial problems.

expressing your opinions publicly in a very direct way, which may offend or annoy some people

He was known for his outspoken views on various controversies.

saying exactly what what you think, without being afraid of what other people will think

The opposition have not come up with a clear forthright statement of their policies.

At times, Helena was a little too forthright.

honest about the facts, or about your opinions and feelings, even if other people disapprove of them

He’d always been completely candid about his past.

It was an unusually candid admission for a politician.

someone who is honest always tells the truth and does not cheat or steal

not hiding the truth or the facts about something

坦诚的，直率的，不隐瞒真相的

想不想听听我的真实意见？

[Let’s be honest](bold): the only reason she married him was for his money.

说实话，她嫁给他就是为了他的钱。

She was always very honest about her feelings.

used when you tell someone what you really think

To be honest, I don’t like him very much.

我不是故意伤害他的，真的！

used to emphasize that something you say is true

确实，千真万确〔用于强调所说的话是真实的〕

honest work is done using your own efforts and without cheating

用正当手段的，努力认真的

I bet he’s never [done an honest day’s work](bold) in his life!

我敢说他这辈子从未认认真真工作过一天！

I’m just trying to [earn an honest living](bold).

honest people are not famous or special, but behave in a good, socially acceptable way

She came from a good honest working-class background.

她出身于一个正派的工薪阶层家庭。

to marry a woman because you have had a sexual relationship with her

和发生了性关系的女人结婚


honestly

used to emphasize that what you are saying is true, even though it may seem surprising

真的，的确〔强调所说的话是真实的，即使可能让人吃惊〕

I honestly don’t know how old my parents are.

我确实不知道我父母的年纪。

I can honestly say that I never worry about him now.

我不会再为他劳神操心了，我说这话是认真的。

used when you are shocked or annoyed by something someone has said or done

真是的，真不像话〔用以表示震惊或生气〕

太不像话了！你到底有没有听？

used to try to make someone believe that what you have just said is true

Tell me honestly, Kate, what do you think of John?

跟我说实话，凯特，你认为约翰怎么样？

“不。”她诚实地回答道。


honesty

a politician of rare honesty and courage

具备少见的诚实及勇气的政治家

used when telling someone that what you are saying is what you really think

It was not, in all honesty, a very good start.

说实话，开始并不很顺利。


honey

a sweet sticky substance produced by bees, used as food

亲爱的，宝贝〔用于称呼心爱的人〕


honeymoon

a holiday taken by two people who have just got married

the period of time when a new government, leader etc has just started and no one criticizes them

〔新政府、新领导人等上任初期的〕和谐时期，蜜月期

By 1987, the [honeymoon was over](bold).

到1987年，蜜月期已经过去。


honorary

an honorary title, rank, or university degree is given to someone as an honour

〔称号、头衔或学位〕荣誉的

Brown received an honorary doctorate from Seoul University.

布朗获得了首尔大学的名誉博士学位。

an honorary position in an organization is held without receiving any payment

〔职位〕名誉的，无报酬的

an honorary member of a group is treated like a member of that group but does not belong to it


honour

[guest of honour](bold) at → [guest](->guest) 1 sense 1 → [maid of honour](->maid of honour)

It was a great honour to meet my hero in person.

(=a very special honour that is not given to many people)

Being asked to paint a portrait for the queen is a rare honour for any artist.

(=something that you are not sure that you should be proud of)

The city has the dubious honor of being the smoggiest city in the world.

He received the signal honour of becoming an Honorary Fellow of the college.

As a young man, he had the honour of meeting Winston Churchill.

(=used when saying that you feel proud that someone has decided to do something)

Will you do me the honour of becoming my wife?

(=make people respect someone or something)

The bravery of these men has brought honour to their regiment.

(=do something to protect it when it is being attacked)

To defend his honour and his business interests, he was prepared to go to court.

Her father fought with him to save her honour.

She felt duty bound to uphold the honour of her country.

He would be forced to restore the honour of his family name.

For him this is a matter of both personal and national honour.

Refusal of a marriage offer is seen as an attack on the family honour.

French people believed that the country's honour was at stake over the incident.

I know Tom to be a man of honour and integrity.

(=something you feel you must do because of your moral beliefs)

To my mum, paying bills on time is a point of honour.

(=a set of moral rules, laws, or principles that people follow)

We abide by a strict military code of honor.

Is he marrying her out of some misplaced sense of honour?

(=a promise based on strong moral beliefs)

I give you my word of honour that you will not be harmed.

(=feel that you should do something, because it is morally right or your duty to do it)

My father felt honour bound to help his sister.

something that makes you feel very proud

Over 100 players competed for [the honour of](bold) representing the county in the National Finals.

100多位选手为争取代表郡参加全国总决赛的荣誉展开角逐。

先生，您大驾光临，我们深感荣幸。

the respect that you, your family, your country etc receive from other people, which makes you feel proud

He was prepared even to die in order to [defend](bold) the [honour](bold) of his family.

为了捍卫家族荣誉，他甚至愿意献出生命。

For the French team, winning tomorrow’s game is a matter of national honour.

对法国队来说，打赢明天的比赛事关国家荣誉。

in order to show how much you admire and respect someone

为了表示对某人/某事物的崇敬

The stadium was named in honour of the club’s first chairman.

该体育场以俱乐部的第一任主席命名以示纪念。

A special dinner will be held in her honour.

将举办一次特别晚宴向她致敬。

An oak tree was planted [in honour of the occasion](bold).

种下了一棵橡树以纪念这一盛会。

something such as a special title or medal given to someone to show how much people respect them for what they have achieved

Reverend Peters was nominated for the honour by colleagues at Walworth Methodist Church.

彼德斯牧师大人获沃尔沃思循道宗教会同仁提名角逐这一称号。

[highest honour](bold)(=most important honour)

The medal is the highest [honour](bold) the association can [bestow](bold)(=give).

这奖章是该协会可授予的最高荣誉。

strong moral beliefs and standards of behaviour that make people respect and trust you

My father was a [man of honour](bold) and great integrity.

我父亲是个高尚正直的人。

Her actions were always guided by a deep [sense of honour](bold)(=strong desire to do what is morally right).

她的行为一直受到强烈道德感的指引。

[matter/point/question of honour](bold)(=something that you feel you must do because of your moral principles)

It had become a point of honour not to tell him about Lori.

不把洛丽的情况告诉他已经事关道义。

if you pass a university degree with honours, you pass it at a level that is higher than the most basic level

if you finish high school or college with honors, you get one of the highest grades

the highest or second highest level of degree at a British university

〔英国大学中的〕一级/二级名誉学位

the seat or place which is given to the most important guest or object

贵宾席，上座；最重要位置

The vase she gave me occupies the place of honor in my living room.

她送我的花瓶放在我的起居室最尊荣的位置。

if someone is buried with full military honours, there is a military ceremony at their funeral

to pour the drinks, serve food etc at a social occasion

〔在社交场合上〕尽主人之谊〔指倒酒、布菜等〕

利兹，你能招待一下客人们吗？

a very serious promise that what you are saying is true

I won’t try to see you again. I [give](bold) you my [word of honour](bold).

to bring admiration and respect to your country, school, family etc because of your behaviour or achievements

He’s an honour to his family and his country.

to feel that it is your moral duty to do something

We felt honor bound to attend their wedding.

我们参加他们的婚礼是义不容辞的。

if you swear on your honour to do something, you promise very seriously to do it

if you are on your honour to do something, you are being trusted to do it

used to say that the people or teams in a competition, game etc have done as well as each other or have the same score

〔比赛双方〕实力相当，比分相同

if a woman loses her honour, she has sex with a man she is not married to


honour

([BrE](special)) AmE honor  [v](bold) <[T](bold)>

I felt very honoured to be included in the team.

能加入这个团队，我深感荣幸。

to show publicly that someone is respected and admired, especially by praising them or giving them a special title

He was honored with an award for excellence in teaching.

Two firefighters have been honoured for their courage.

两名消防队员因非凡的勇气获得嘉奖。

Once again, the government has failed to honour its promises.

We pray that both sides will continue to honour their commitment to the peace agreement.

我们祈盼双方继续履行对和平协定作出的承诺。

In a marriage, you need to honour one another.

婚姻中双方应该互相尊重。

I was treated like an [honored guest](bold).

if your bank honours a cheque that you have given someone, it pays the money to that person

sb has decided to honour us with their presence

used humorously when someone arrives late, or to someone who rarely comes to a meeting, class etc

某人决定赏光出席了〔幽默用法，用于迟到者、不常参加会议者、经常逃课者等〕


honourable

([BrE](special)) AmE honorable  [adj](bold)

an honourable action or activity deserves respect and admiration

〔行为或活动〕光荣的，值得尊敬的

My father didn’t think acting was an honorable profession.

我父亲认为当演员不是受人尊敬的职业。

behaving in a way that is morally correct and shows you have high moral standards

一个讲求原则、品德高尚的人

an honourable arrangement or agreement is fair to everyone who is involved in it

〔安排或协议〕公平的，公正的


hood

a part of a coat, jacket etc that you can pull up to cover your head

Why don’t you [put](bold) your [hood up](bold) if you’re cold?

你冷的话为什么不把风帽戴上？

a cloth bag that goes over someone’s face and head so that they cannot be recognized or cannot see

He was abducted by four men wearing hoods.

the metal covering over the engine on a car

Check under the hood and see what that noise is.

打开引擎盖查查是什么声音。

a cover fitted above a cooker to remove the smell of cooking

〔炉灶上方的〕排风罩，抽油烟罩

a folding cover on a car or pram, which gives protection from the rain

〔汽车或婴儿车上用于挡雨的〕折叠式车篷，篷盖


hoof

[plural](italic) hoofs or [plural](italic) hooves /huːvz/ US /hʊvz, huːvz/

the hard foot of an animal such as a horse, cow etc

if you do something on the hoof, you do it quickly while doing something else at the same time

顺便，顺带着〔做某件事情〕


hook

→ [boat hook](->boat hook) → [curtain hook](->curtain hook) [sling your hook](bold) at → [sling](->sling) 1 sense 4

a curved piece of metal or plastic that you use for hanging things on

Tom hung his coat on the hook behind the door.

汤姆把外套挂在门后的衣钩上。

a curved piece of thin metal with a sharp point for catching fish

to allow someone or help someone to get out of a difficult situation

I wasn’t prepared to let her off the hook that easily.

我不愿意如此轻易地放过她。

to leave or take the telephone receiverthe part you speak into off the part where it is usually placed so that no one can call you

〔因不想接听电话而〕摘下电话听筒

if your telephone is ringing off the hook, a lot of people are calling you

〔大量电话打进来时〕铃声大作，铃声不断

something that is attractive and gets people’s interest and attention

You always need a bit of a hook to get people to go to the theatre.

想让人们去戏院总得有一些吸引人的招数。

if you are going to do something by hook or by crook, you are determined to do it, whatever methods you have to use

The police are going to get these guys, by hook or by crook.

警方无论如何也要抓住这些家伙。

a way of hitting your opponent in boxing, in which your elbow is bent

if someone believes something hook, line, and sinker, they believe a lie completely

完全地，无保留地〔相信谎言〕


hook

我上周钓到一条20磅重的鲑鱼。

to fasten or hang something onto something else

Just hook the bucket onto the rope and lower it down.

只要把桶拴在绳子上往下送就可以了。

to bend your finger, arm, or leg, especially so that you can pull or hold something else

用〔手指、手臂或腿〕钩住

He tried to hook his leg over the branch.

to succeed in making someone interested in something or attracted to something

cigarette ads designed to hook young people

专为吸引年轻人而设计的香烟广告

to connect a piece of electronic equipment to another piece of equipment or to an electricity supply

We’ve got a CD player, but it’s not hooked up yet.

Computers from different manufacturers can often be hooked together.

不同厂家生产的电脑往往可以互连。

to throw or kick a ball so that it moves in a curve


hooray

hʊˈreɪ, ˌhuːˈreɪ◂

hʊˈreɪ, ˌhuːˈreɪ◂

[hip hip hooray](bold) at → [hip](->hip) 3

shouted when you are very glad about something

好哇〔表示高兴的呼喊声〕


hop

[past tense and past participle](italic) [hopped](bold) [present participle](italic) [hopping](bold)

if a bird, an insect, or a small animal hops, it moves by making quick short jumps

〔鸟、昆虫或小动物快速小步〕跳行

Patrick hopped out of bed and quickly got dressed.

帕特里克跳下床飞快地穿上衣服。

to get on a plane, bus, train etc, especially after suddenly deciding to do so

〔尤指突然决定〕跳上飞机/公共汽车/火车等

So we hopped a bus to Phoenix that night.

于是我们当晚便跳上了去凤凰城的公共汽车。


hop

to do something when someone is not expecting it and is not ready

parts of dried flowers used for making beer, which give the beer a bitter taste

the tall plant on which these flowers grow

It’s just a [short hop](bold) from Cleveland to Detroit.

从克利夫兰到底特律的航程很短。


hope

You [hope to](bold)  do something: We’re hoping to get tickets to the concert. I hope to see you soon.
Don’t say: [I hope see you soon.](strike)

You [hope that](bold)  something happens: I hope that the rain stops soon.

You[ hope that](bold)  something [will](bold)  happen: I hope that the weather will be fine.

You [hoped that](bold)  something [would ](bold) happen: She hoped that the weather would be fine.

You [hoped that](bold)  something [might](bold)  happen: I was hoping that you might come.

You [hope that](bold)  someone [can](bold)  do something: I hope that I can pass my exam.

You [hoped that](bold)  someone [could](bold)  do something: She hoped that she could pass her exam.

In more formal English, you say [it is hoped that](bold)  something [will](bold)  happen: It is hoped that the study will provide some useful information.

In all the above patterns, ‘that’ is often omitted, especially in spoken English: I hope the rain stops soon. She hoped the weather would be fine.

[Hope](bold)  is often used in the progressive: I’m hoping to meet him some day.

[Hope](bold)  is used in the phrases [I hope so](bold)  and [I hope not](bold) , often to give a short answer: ‘Will he be here soon?’ ‘I hope so.’ ‘Do you think it will rain?’ ‘I hope not!’
Don’t say: [I hope it.](strike)

to want something to happen or be true and to believe that it is possible or likely

We hope that more women will decide to join the course.

我们希望更多的女性会决定参加这一课程。

It was hoped that the job would be filled by a local person.

希望该职位由当地人来担任。

[Let’s](bold) just [hope](bold) someone finds her bag.

[I hope to God](bold) I haven’t left the car window open.

琼盼望能到哈佛大学攻读法律。

Liam decided to ignore the warning and just [hope for the best](bold)(=hope that a situation will end well when there is a risk of things going wrong).

利亚姆决定不理会警告，只希望事情顺利。

I rang my parents, [hoping against hope](bold)(=hoping for something that is very unlikely to happen or be true) that they hadn’t left yet.

我给父母打电话，抱着一丝希望，但愿他们还没走。

used to say that you hope something that has been mentioned happens or is true

‘Do we get paid this week?’ ‘I certainly hope so!’

“我们这星期能拿到工资吗？”“当然希望如此！”

used to say that you hope something that has been mentioned does not happen or is not true

I don’t think I’m busy that day, or at least I hope not.

我想那天我不会很忙，至少我希望不会忙。

used to say that you hope something will happen, especially because you are depending on it

I’m hoping the car will be fixed by Friday.

我非常希望能在星期五之前修好汽车。

我们本来以为今天能见到你的。

used when you want to be polite and to make sure that you are not interrupting or offending someone

我希望〔用于表示礼貌，确保自己没有打断别人的话或冒犯别人〕

[I hope you don’t mind](bold) me asking, but why are you moving?

希望你不介意我问一下，你为什么搬家？

(also: [I should hope not](bold) ([BrE](bold)) )

used to say that you feel very strongly that something should or should not happen

我（也）希望如此/我不希望这样

‘They’ll get their money back.’ ‘I should hope so too, after being treated like that.’

“他们会把钱要回来的。”“我也希望如此，他们已经吃够苦头了。”


hope

The situation looked bad, but we still had hope that things would get better soon.

The research has given hope to thousands of sufferers of the disease.

After so long without any word from David, Margaret was starting to lose hope.

(=make someone feel that what they want is likely to happen)

I don't want to raise your hopes too much.

Don’t build your hopes up, Julie. You’ll only get hurt.

(=say that you think something is likely)

Negotiators did not hold out much hope of a peaceful solution.

(=hope for one thing that everything else depends on)

After a difficult year, the company is pinning its hopes on its new range of products.

(=keep hoping that something will happen, even though it seems unlikely)

They clung to the hope that one day a cure would be found.

(=make what someone wants seem impossible)

The ending of the talks has dashed any hopes of peace.

(=people have much less hope of doing something)

Hopes are fading that rescuers will find any more survivors.

(=a little hope, or something that gives you a little hope)

The new treatment gives patients a glimmer of hope.

We talked about all our hopes and dreams for the future.

(=all the things someone hopes for and is afraid of)

The crew members have different hopes and fears about the trip.

(=used when saying that you hope very much that something will or will not happen)

It is our fervent hope that change is coming.

(=used to say that people will always hope for something)

It is unlikely these diets will work, but hope springs eternal.

(=something that makes people have hope)

Mandela was a symbol of hope for his whole country.

We don't want to give people false hopes.

(=hope for something that is impossible)

He traveled south in the vain hope of finding work.

My only hope is that someone may have handed in the keys to the police.

a feeling of wanting something to happen or be true and believing that it is possible or likely

When I first arrived in New York, I was full of hope for the future.

我初到纽约时，对未来充满希望。

The president has expressed the hope that relations will improve.

总统表达了改善关系的愿望。

Rita has hopes of studying to be a nurse.

Should they hang on in the hope that the shares will go up in value?

他们是否应该还抱有希望，认为股价会上升？

in the hope of doing sth (=because you hope that you will do something)

Shoppers flocked to the sales in the hope of finding a bargain.

购物者蜂拥来到特卖会，希望淘到便宜货。

She told him all her secret hopes and fears.

她把隐藏在心里的所有期望和担忧都告诉了他。

My hope is that by next summer I’ll have saved enough money to go travelling.

我希望明年夏天我能攒够钱去旅行。

a chance of succeeding or of something good happening

It was the rush hour, and there was no hope of getting a seat.

现在是高峰时间，不可能有座位。

It was a desperate plan, with little hope of success.

那是个孤注一掷的计划，成功的可能性很小。

There’s still a [faint hope](bold)(=a very small chance) that the two sides will reach an agreement.

双方还是有一丝希望达成协议。

[not a hope!](bold) [spoken](special)(=used to say that there is no chance of something happening)

[not a hope in hell (of doing sth)](bold) [spoken](special)(=not even the smallest chance of success)

They don’t have a hope in hell of winning.

他们压根儿没有希望获胜。

[some hope!](bold) [also](special) [what a hope!](bold) BrE [spoken](special)(=used humorously to say that there is no chance that something will happen)

‘Your dad might lend you the car.’ ‘Some hope!’

“你爸也许会把车借给你。”“想得美！”

to be someone’s last, only etc chance of getting the result they want

是某人最后/唯一/最好的希望

请帮帮我，你是我最后的希望。

Joshua’s only hope of survival was a heart transplant.

乔舒亚唯一的存活希望就是心脏移植。

if a situation is beyond hope, it is so bad that there is no chance of any improvement

没有好转的希望，无可救药

Some of the houses were beyond hope of repair.

有些房屋已经没有修复的希望了。

to be confident that someone or something will be successful

对某人/某事物抱有很高期望

The weather looked good, so we had high hopes for today.

天气看起来不错，所以我们对今天充满期望。

used when saying that you keep hoping that something will happen - often used humorously when saying that it seems unlikely

我/我们仍怀有希望〔常为幽默用法，表示某事似乎不可能发生〕

"Do you think your son will ever get a job?" "We live in hope!"

“你觉得你儿子能找到工作吗？”“只要活着，就有希望！”


hopeful

believing that what you hope for is likely to happen

抱有希望的，持乐观态度的

Everyone’s feeling pretty hopeful about the future.

I’m hopeful that we can find a solution.

我认为我们很有希望找到解决方法。

He is still hopeful of playing in Saturday’s game.

他仍希望自己能参加星期六的比赛。

making you feel that what you hope for is likely to happen

The vote is a [hopeful sign](bold) that attitudes in the church are changing.

投票结果是个好兆头，表明教会的态度正在转变。

Things might get better, but it doesn’t look very hopeful right now.

情况也许会好转，但目前看来希望不大。


hopeful

someone who is hoping to be successful, especially in acting, sports, politics etc

〔尤指演艺、体育、政界等〕希望获得成功的人

Thousands of [young hopefuls](bold) were auditioned for the role.

几千名雄心勃勃的年轻人参加了这一角色的试演。

有望获胜的共和党总统候选人


hopefully

a way of saying what you hope will happen, which some people think is incorrect

有望，可望〔有人认为此用法不正确〕

Hopefully, I’ll be back home by ten o‘clock.

By then the problem will hopefully have been solved.

届时该问题有望得到解决。

in a way that shows that you are hopeful

‘Will there be any food left over?’ he asked hopefully.

“会有吃的东西剩下吗？”他满怀希望地问道。


hopeless

if something that you try to do is hopeless, there is no possibility of it being successful

We tried to stop the flames from spreading, but we knew it was hopeless.

我们试图阻止火势蔓延，但我们知道这是不可能的。

Getting your work published often seems a [hopeless task](bold).

想让自己的作品出版似乎总是徒劳的。

I kept on struggling forward, even though I knew [it was hopeless](bold).

虽然知道无望，我还是奋力挣扎向前。

a hopeless situation is so bad that there is no chance of success or improvement

The situation is not as hopeless as it might seem.

情况并不像看上去那么毫无希望。

the millions who live in hopeless poverty

无数生活在贫困深渊中的人们

My brother was always pretty hopeless at ball games.

我弟弟玩球类游戏向来不行。

The public transport system was absolutely hopeless.

公共交通系统实在太糟了。

used, often humorously, to say that someone’s bad behaviour cannot be changed

〔人〕无药可救的〔常为幽默用法〕

Oh, James, you really are a [hopeless case](bold)(=it seems impossible to change your behaviour)!

哎，詹姆斯，你真是无药可救！

She was a hopeless romantic, always convinced that one day she would meet the man of her dreams.

她是个彻头彻尾的浪漫主义者，总是深信有一天会遇到梦中情人。


horizon

the line far away where the land or sea seems to meet the sky

我们能看见地平线上有一艘船。

→ Don’t say ‘in the horizon’. Say [on the horizon](bold).

the limit of your ideas, knowledge, and experience

〔思想、知识和经验的〕范围，界限；眼界

a course of study that will broaden your horizons

Business is good now, but there are a few problems on the horizon.

目前的生意很好，但有几个问题已初露端倪了。


horizontal

ˌhɒrəˈzɒntl◂

ˌhɑːrəˈzɑːntl◂


horn

[blow your own trumpet/horn](bold) at → [blow](->blow) 1 sense 19 [lock horns](bold) at → [lock](->lock) 1 sense 7 [take the bull by the horns](bold) at → [bull](->bull) 1 sense 3

the hard pointed thing that grows, usually in pairs, on the heads of animals such as cows and goats

the substance that animals’ horns are made of

a part of an animal’s head that sticks out like a horn, for example on a snail

the thing in a vehicle that you use to make a loud sound as a signal or warning

[sound/toot/honk/blow your horn](bold)(=make a noise with your horn)

a musical instrument like a long metal tube that is wide at one end, that you play by blowing

a musical instrument made from an animal’s horn

a container in the shape of an animal’s horn, used in the past for drinking from, carrying gunpowder etc

to be in a situation in which you have to choose between two equally unpleasant or difficult situations


horrible

ˈhɔː-, ˈhɑː-

[horribly](bold) adv. eg: Her face was horribly scarred. eg: The plan had [gone horribly wrong](bold).

horrible, especially in a way that makes you feel slightly sick

I had to take two spoons of some disgusting medicine.

very unpleasant – often used about a taste that stays in your mouth

Cheap wine sometimes leaves a nasty taste in your mouth.

horrible and making you feel that you are going to  – used especially about a smell

the nauseating smell of stale beer and cigarette smoke

horrible – used especially when there is decay or waste

There was a foul smell coming from the water.

Whatever it was in that cup, it tasted foul.

For one horrible moment, I thought I was going to fall.

The refugees were living in dreadful conditions.

It must have been a terrible worry for them.

Thousands of people lost their jobs – it was awful.

very unpleasant and shocking – used especially about events where people are hurt

There’s been a nasty accident on the motorway.

very bad – used, for example, about things you see, taste, or smell, or about the weather

糟糕的，令人不快的，极讨厌的

The weather has been really horrible all week.

The food looked horrible, but it tasted OK.

那食物看上去很糟，可吃起来还不错。

very unpleasant and often frightening, worrying, or upsetting

可怕的，吓人的，令人恐惧的

[I have a horrible feeling that](bold) we’re going to miss the plane.

我有一种很不好的感觉，我们要赶不上飞机了。


horrific

extremely bad, in a way that is frightening or upsetting

可怕的，恐怖的，令人恐惧的


horrify

ˈhɔː-, ˈhɑː-

[past tense and past participle](italic) [horrified](bold) [present participle](italic) [horrifying](bold) [third person singular](italic) [horrifies](bold)

to make someone feel very shocked and upset or afraid

Henry was horrified by what had happened.

亨利对所发生的事感到毛骨悚然。

She was horrified to discover that he loved Rose.

发现他爱罗丝，她感到很震惊。


horror

ˈhɔːrər, ˈhɑː-

Staff watched in horror as he set himself alight.

Many people recoil with horror when they see a big spider like this.

很多人看到这样一只大蜘蛛时都会吓得往后退。

[to sb’s horror](bold)(=making someone shocked or afraid)

To my horror, I realised my shirt was wet with blood.

我发现自己的衬衫被鲜血沾湿，大为惊恐。

You should have seen the [look of horror](bold) on his face.

你真该看看他脸上恐惧的表情。

something that is very terrible, shocking, or frightening

when a situation or event is very unpleasant or shocking

某事物带来的震惊[恐怖]

Dense smoke surrounded them, adding to the horror of the situation.

浓烟包围了他们，情形变得更加恐怖。

Only when the vehicle was lifted did [the full horror](bold) of the accident become clear.

当车辆被吊起来时才知道事故到底有多可怕。

to be afraid of something or dislike it very much

淘气鬼，讨厌鬼〔指小孩子〕

to make someone feel unreasonably frightened or nervous

令某人感到非常恐惧[紧张]

used to say how bad something is – often used humorously when you think something is not really very bad

老天爷呀，吓死人啦〔常为幽默用法，用于认为某事物并不真的糟糕时〕


horse

→ [dark horse](->dark horse) [never/don’t look a gift horse in the mouth](bold) at → [gift](->gift) 1 sense 7 [be flogging a dead horse](bold) at → [flog](->flog) sense 3 [hold your horses](bold) at → [hold](->hold) 1 sense 15 [put the cart before the horse](bold) at → [cart](->cart) 1 sense 5 → [stalking horse](->stalking horse) → [white horses](->white horses)

a large strong animal that people ride and use for pulling heavy things

a piece of sports equipment in a gymnasium that people jump over

if you hear or get information straight from the horse’s mouth, you are told it by someone who has direct knowledge of it

〔消息〕源自可靠出处，来自当事人

the process of matching people with suitable jobs or activities

a competition or an election that only two etc competitors can win

只有两个/三个/四个等参与者有获胜机会的比赛[竞选]

(also: [a horse of another color](bold) ([AmE](bold)) )

something that is completely different from another thing

sensible judgment gained from experience


hose

a long rubber or plastic tube that can be moved and bent to put water onto fires, gardens etc

tights
      ,stockings, or socks, used in shops and in the clothing industry

连裤袜；长筒袜；短袜〔尤用于商店和制衣业〕


hose

to wash or pour water over something or someone, using a hose

用软管冲洗；用软管向 …喷水

你帮我冲洗一下汽车好吗？


hospital

a large building where sick or injured people receive medical treatment

He was taken by ambulance to the local hospital.

a large hospital, which often has many different departments, including areas for research

a discovery by doctors at the New England Medical Center

a place, often in a hospital, where medical treatment and advice is given to people who do not need to stay in a hospital

a family-planning clinic which gives people help and advice about birth control

a special clinic for people with drug and alcohol problems

a special hospital for people who are dying

They are hoping to raise funds to build a hospice for sick and dying children.

a place where people who are old and ill can live and be looked after, by nurses

She doesn't want to end up in a nursing home.

a place where people recovering after a long illness were sent in the past, so that they could rest and receive special care

He was sent to a sanatorium in the Swiss Alps.

the part of a hospital where people who are injured or who need urgent treatment are brought

A 33-year-old man was brought to the emergency room in a coma.

a room in a hospital where operations are done

Mrs Barnett was in the operating theatre for 11 hours while the transplant was carried out.

the part of a hospital where people who are very seriously ill or badly injured are cared for

Mr Dye is in intensive care with head injuries.

part of a hospital where a particular kind of treatment is carried out

a large room in a hospital where people who need medical treatment stay

She works as a nurse on a busy hospital ward.

The pain got worse and she had to go to the hospital.

be taken/rushed/airlifted to the hospital (AmE)

Three people were taken to hospital after a crash on the motorway.

He was admitted to hospital suffering from chest pain.

be discharged/released from the hospital (AmE)

(=be allowed to leave a hospital because you are better)

It was several weeks before he was released from hospital.

He was admitted to a secure psychiatric hospital.

Many maternity hospitals have been forced to close.

What do older people think of hospital care?

(=the period someone spends in hospital)

New surgical techniques mean a hospital stay of less than 48 hours.

Two people are in the hospital with serious burns.

有两人因严重烧伤而住院。


hospitality

[corporate hospitality](bold) at → [corporate](->corporate) sense 1

Thanks for your hospitality over the past few weeks.

感谢你几周来的热情款待。

In everyday English, when thanking someone for their hospitality, you usually say [thanks for having me/us](bold) :

[Thanks for having us](bold). We had a great time.

services such as food and drink that an organization provides for guests at a special event

〔对客人的〕款待〔如食物、饮品、服务等〕

the use of a yacht for [corporate hospitality](bold)

There was a reception in the [hospitality suite](bold) before the game.

比赛开始之前在迎宾套房内举行了一场招待会。


host

someone at a party, meal etc who has invited the guests and who provides the food, drink etc

someone who introduces and talks to the guests on a television or radio programme

a country, city, or organization that provides the necessary space, equipment etc for a special event

主办国[城市，机构]，东道主

the host city for the next Olympic Games

下届奥林匹克运动会的主办城市

[play host (to sth)](bold)(=provide the place, food etc for a special meeting or event)

The gallery is playing host to an exhibition of sculpture.

这家美术馆正在举办雕塑展。

A host of show business celebrities have pledged their support.

许多演艺圈名人允诺支持。

the bread that is used in the Christian ceremony of Communion

〔基督教圣餐仪式中的〕圣饼

an animal or plant on which a smaller animal or plant is living as a parasite

〔寄生动植物的〕寄主，宿主


host

to provide the place and everything that is needed for an organized event

Which country is going to host the next World Cup?

哪个国家将主办下一届世界杯？

to introduce a radio or television programme

Next week’s show will be hosted by Sarah Cox.

下周的节目将由萨拉·考克斯主持。


hostage

someone who is kept as a prisoner by an enemy so that the other side will do what the enemy demands

The group are [holding](bold) two tourists [hostage](bold)(=keeping them as hostages).

这伙人挟持了两名游客作为人质。

a family [taken hostage](bold) at gunpoint

在枪口下被劫为人质的一家人

to be influenced and controlled by something, so that you are not free to do what you want

Our country must not be [held hostage to](bold) our past.

我们的国家决不要被过去所束缚。

something that you have promised to do that may cause you problems in the future


hostel

a place where people can stay and eat fairly cheaply

〔提供廉价食宿的〕旅舍，招待所

a place where people who have no homes can stay


hostile

angry and deliberately unfriendly towards someone, and ready to argue with them

怀有敌意的，敌对的，不友善的

→see THESAURUS at [unfriendly](->unfriendly)

Southampton fans gave their former coach a [hostile reception](bold).

南安普敦队的球迷对球队的前任教练很不友善。

Carr wouldn’t meet Feng’s stare, which was [openly hostile](bold).

卡尔不愿意面对冯公然敌视的目光。

The boy feels hostile towards his father.

那个男孩对父亲怀有敌意。

Senator Lydon was hostile to our proposals.

莱登参议员强烈反对我们的议案。

used to describe conditions that are difficult to live in, or that make it difficult to achieve something

〔生存环境〕恶劣的；〔条件〕不利的，造成阻碍的

a guide to surviving in even the most hostile terrain

Sales increased last year despite the hostile economic environment.

尽管去年的经济环境不佳，销售量还是有所增加。

a situation in which a company tries to buy another company that does not want to be bought


hostility

when someone is unfriendly and full of anger towards another person

[open/outright hostility](bold)(=hostility that is clearly shown)

They eyed each other with open hostility.

他们带着公然的敌意看着对方。

The reform program was greeted with hostility by conservatives.

改革方案遭到保守派人士的强烈反对。

There is a lot of public hostility to the tax.

Pictures of refugees aroused [popular hostility](bold)(=felt by a lot of people) towards the war.

难民照片激起了广大民众对这场战争的反对。


hot

used especially when you feel uncomfortable

The travellers were hot, tired, and thirsty.

a little hot, especially in a way that feels comfortable

We had to keep moving in order to keep warm.

‘I’m going for a swim,' said Gary. ’I’m boiling.'

I felt boiling hot and tried to open one of the windows.

Hannah was slightly feverish, so we decided to call the doctor.

a little hot, especially in a way that seems pleasant

It’s supposed to be a bit warmer tomorrow.

It was absolutely boiling this lunchtime.

The weather was baking hot and conditions at the camp became unbearable.

It’s baking out there in the garden – I need a drink.

When we got there, the weather was scorching.

This week sees a return to more humid conditions.

Hong Kong gets very humid at this time of year.

In June the weather was often muggy in the evenings.

It was a warm muggy afternoon, and it looked like it would rain.

used especially when you feel uncomfortable

The meeting was in a tiny hot room with no air conditioning.

They were all sitting in the warm kitchen, sipping mugs of cocoa.

It’s boiling in here. Can I open the window?

much too hot in a way that is uncomfortable – used about rooms and buildings

The inside of the shed was like an oven.

Boiling-hot steam shoots out from underground.

slightly warm, but not hot enough – used about liquids

[comparative](italic) [hotter](bold) [superlative](italic) [hottest](bold)

something that is hot has a high temperature – used about weather, places, food, drink, or objects

[It’s](bold) so [hot](bold) in here. Can I open the window?

这里太热了，我开开窗好吗？

The bar serves [hot and cold food](bold).

那家小吃店供应冷热食品。

people who live in [hot countries](bold)(=where the weather is usually hot)

[scorching/baking/roasting hot](bold) [also](special) [boiling/broiling hot](bold) AmE(=used about weather that is very hot)

[stifling/sweltering/unbearably hot](bold)(=used about weather that is very hot and uncomfortable)

The office gets unbearably hot in summer.

在夏天，办公室里热得让人受不了。

[boiling/scalding/steaming hot](bold)(=used about liquid that is extremely hot)

[piping hot](bold)(=used about food that is nice and hot)

[red hot](bold)(=used to describe an object or surface that is very hot)

[white hot](bold)(=used to describe metal that is extremely hot)

He held the metal in the flame until it became white hot.

他把金属放在火中烧至白热。

if you feel hot, your body feels hot in a way that is uncomfortable

旅行回来我觉得又热又累。

if clothes are hot, they make you feel too hot in a way that is uncomfortable

这件毛衣在室内穿太热了。

food that tastes hot has a burning taste because it contains strong spices

something or someone that is hot is very popular or fashionable, and everyone wants to use them, see them, buy them etc

one of the hottest young directors in Hollywood

好莱坞最受欢迎的青年导演之一

Gareth Bale is one of soccer’s [hottest properties](bold)(=actors or sports players who are very popular).

加雷思•贝尔是足球界最红的人物之一。

The movie is going to be this summer’s [hot ticket](bold)(=an event that is very popular or fashionable, and that everyone wants to go and see).

这部电影将是今年夏天的大热门。

[be the hottest thing since (sliced bread)](bold)(=used about someone or something that is very good and popular, so that everyone wants them)

very good, especially in a way that is exciting

His new film is [hot stuff](bold)(=very good).

[not so hot/not very hot](bold) [informal](special)(=not very good)

Some of the tracks on the record are great, but others are not so hot.

那张唱片有些曲目很好，有些却不怎么样。

[be hot shit](bold) AmE [informal not polite](special)(=used about someone or something that people think is very good)

someone who is hot is very attractive sexually

The girls all think he’s [hot stuff](bold).

a film, book, photograph etc that is hot is sexually exciting

〔电影、书籍、照片等〕色情的

a meeting with someone who you feel very attracted to sexually

她和米歇尔有一场激情约会。

If [things get too hot](bold)(=a situation becomes too difficult or dangerous to deal with), I can always leave.

要是事态发展过于严峻，我总可以抽身退出。

Wilkinson found his opponent a little [too hot to handle](bold)(=too difficult to deal with or beat).

威尔金森发现自己的对手有点难对付。

The climate was too hot politically to make such radical changes.

在如此糟糕的政治气候下无法进行这样激进的变革。

a subject that a lot of people are discussing, especially one that causes a lot of disagreement

The affair was a hot topic of conversation.

one of the hottest issues facing medical science

医学所面临的最有争议的话题之一

in an important position and responsible for making difficult decisions

if someone is in hot water, they are in trouble because they have done something wrong

The finance minister found himself in hot water over his business interests.

财政部长因染指商业利益而陷入尴尬的境地。

She got herself in hot water with the authorities.

她得罪当局，惹上了麻烦。

to become angry – used especially when people get angry in an unreasonable way about something that is not important

〔尤指为小事〕发怒，生气

I don’t understand why people are getting so hot under the collar about it.

我不明白为什么人们为这件事如此愤怒。

someone who has a hot temper becomes angry very easily

upset and confused because you have too much to think about or because you are in a hurry

烦躁不安的，焦急的；被搞糊涂的

People were struggling with bags and cases, looking hot and bothered.

人们吃力地拎着大包小包，神色慌张。

used to emphasize that you have something

You’ll have the report in your hot little hands by Monday.

星期一这份报告一定会交到你手里。

hot news is about very recent events and therefore interesting or exciting

Do you want to hear about all the latest [hot gossip](bold)?

想不想听听最新的小道消息？

if news or a newspaper is hot off the press, it has just recently been printed

〔消息〕刚见报；〔报纸〕刚印好

following someone quickly and closely because you want to catch them

〔因想抓住某人而〕紧追其后，穷追不舍

The car sped away, with the police in hot pursuit.

汽车飞驰而去，警察在后面紧追不舍。

close to and likely to catch someone you have been chasing

紧紧跟着某人，快要逮住某人

Mrs Bass’s dog was already hot on his heels.

巴斯太太的狗已经紧紧跟着他了。

to happen or be done very soon after something else

The news came hot on the heels of another plane crash.

这个消息是紧接在另一场坠机事故之后传来的。

journalists hot on the trail of a news story

to keep changing your mind about whether you like or want to do something

She keeps blowing hot and cold about the wedding.

她对要不要举行婚礼犹豫不决。

to experience a strange feeling in which your body temperature suddenly changes, because you are very frightened, worried, or shocked

〔因害怕、担心或震惊而〕感到浑身一阵热一阵冷

to be ready for something and want it very much

to be ready to do something or be involved with something

to feel sexually excited and want to have sex with someone

if the competition between people or companies is hot, they are all trying very hard to win or succeed

Competition for the best jobs is getting hotter all the time.

最好工作岗位的争夺日趋激烈。

the person, team, horse etc that people think is most likely to win

最被看好的选手，最热门的参赛者

a good piece of advice about the likely result of a race, business deal etc

〔有关赛马、交易等的〕好建议

music that is hot has a strong exciting rhythm

used to say that someone has had a lot of experience of something and has done it many times

She’s delivered more babies than you’ve had hot dinners.

她接生过的孩子比你吃过的饭还多。

money that is frequently moved from one country to another in order to make a profit

〔在各国间频繁流动以获利的〕游资，热钱


hot

[past tense and past participle](italic) [hotted](bold) [present participle](italic) [hotting](bold)


hotel

a building where people pay to stay and eat meals

a hotel for people travelling by car, usually with a place for the car near each room

a small hotel, especially an old one in the countryside. Also used in the names of some big modern hotels

a private house or small hotel, where you can sleep and have breakfast

There’s a nice bed and breakfast in the village.

I’ve got a list of bed and breakfasts from the tourist information.

a private house where people can pay to stay and have meals

We stayed in a well-run guesthouse near the sea.

a very cheap hotel where people can stay for a short time while they are travelling. Hostels are used especially by young people

New Zealand has a network of small hostels, ideal for backpackers.

He checked into the hotel a little after 2 pm.

The singer was staying in a luxury hotel suite.

Hotel guests have free use of the gym and pool.

(=a hotel that has been given a particular rating)

On our honeymoon, we stayed in a four-star hotel in Paris.


hour

[the eleventh hour](bold) at → [eleventh](->eleventh) 1 sense 2 → [hourly](->hourly) → [happy hour](->happy hour) → [rush hour](->rush hour) → [zero hour](->zero hour)

Mum was gone for about a quarter of an hour.

The journey takes three quarters of an hour.

(=used to say how much someone is paid or how much you pay to use something)

(=work that it took you an hour/six hours etc to do)

I had just seen him a few hours earlier.

It took about three hours to paint the whole room.

(=pay or charge someone according to the number of hours it takes to do something)

a unit for measuring time. There are 60 minutes in one hour, and 24 hours in one day

The interview will last about two hours.

I study [for an hour](bold) every night.

Her bag was stolen [within hours of](bold) her arrival.

她才到没几个小时，手提包就被偷了。

You weren’t interested in my story [a half hour](bold) ago.

半小时之前你还对我讲的事情不感兴趣呢。

It takes about [a quarter of an hour](bold) to walk into town.

步行进城大约需要一刻钟。

After four hours of talks, an agreement was reached.

经过四小时的商谈，一项协议达成了。

The hotel is only [an hour’s drive](bold) from the airport.

那家宾馆离机场只有一小时的车程。

a top speed of 120 [miles an hour](bold)

This was freelance work, [paid by the hour](bold).

这是自由职业工作，按小时计酬。

a fixed period of time in the day when a particular activity, business etc happens

〔某一活动、业务等固定的〕时间

the advantages of flexible working hours

[visiting hours](bold)(=the time when you can visit someone in hospital)

[after hours](bold)(=after the time when a business, especially a bar, is supposed to close)

used to say how long someone works or does things every day, or when they work or do things

（工作）时间长/固定/晚等

the [long hours worked](bold) by hospital doctors

Many hospital staff have to work [unsocial hours](bold)(=work in the evenings and weekends so that they cannot spend time with family or friends).

许多医院员工必须在常规工作时间之外上班。

She knew that he [kept ](bold)late [hours](bold)(=stayed up late).

[work all the hours God sends](bold)(=work all the time that you can)

a particular period or point of time during the day or night

〔一天里的某个〕时间段，时刻

[in the early/small hours (of the morning)](bold)(=between around midnight and two or three o’clock in the morning)

There was a knock on the door in the early hours of the morning.

Who can be calling [at this](bold) late [hour](bold)?(=used when you are surprised or annoyed by how late at night or early in the morning something is)

[the hours of darkness/daylight](bold) [literary](special)

Few people dared to venture out during the hours of darkness.

几乎没有人敢在夜里冒险外出。

[unearthly/ungodly hour](bold)(=used when you are complaining about how early or late something is)

We had to get up at some ungodly hour to catch a plane.

我们只得一大早就起床去赶飞机。

[at all hours/at any hour (of the day or night)](bold)(=at any time)

If you have a problem, you know you can call at any hour of the day or night.

如果遇到问题，你知道你可以随时打电话来。

She’s up studying [till all hours](bold)(=until unreasonably late at night).

[waking hours/life/day etc](bold) at → [waking](->waking)

我们只得花很长时间填表。

It’ll keep the children amused for hours on end.

这可以让孩子们玩乐好几个小时。

a really boring lecture that went on [for hours and hours](bold)

十分枯燥、没完没了的讲座

She lay awake for [hour after hour](bold)(=for many hours, continuously).

the time of the day when a new hour starts, for example one o’clock, two o’clock etc

[strike/chime the hour](bold)(=if a clock strikes the hour, it rings, to show that it is one o’clock, seven o’clock etc)

[(every hour) on the hour](bold)(=every hour at six o’clock, seven o’clock etc)

There are flights to Boston every hour on the hour.

每个整点都有航班飞往波士顿。

[10/20 etc minutes before/after the hour](bold) AmE(=used on national radio or television in order to give the time without saying which hour it is, because the broadcast may be coming from a different time zone)

It’s twelve minutes before the hour, and you’re listening to ‘Morning Edition’ on NPR.

现在是整点差12分，您正在收听的是全国公共广播电台的早间节目。

used to give the time in official or military reports and orders

13时/15时30分/18时05分等〔官方或军队在报告或命令中使用〕

The helicopters lifted off at 0600 hours.

if a situation is changing by the hour or from hour to hour, it is changing very quickly and very often

This financial crisis is growing more serious by the hour.

这场金融危机正在迅速加剧。

the period in the middle of the day when people stop work for a meal

I usually do the crossword in my lunch hour.

我通常在午餐时间做填字游戏。

an important moment or period in history or in your life

[sb’s hour of need/glory etc](bold)(=a time when someone needs help, is very successful etc)

important at a particular time, especially the present time

one of the burning questions of the hour

[the hero/man of the hour](bold)(=someone who does something very brave, is very successful etc at a particular time)