long

[at (long) last](bold) at → [last](->last) 3 sense 2 [it’s a long story](bold) at → [story](->story) sense 10 [cut/make a long story short](bold) at → [story](->story) sense 11 [a little (of sth) goes a long way](bold) at → [little](->little) 2 sense 5 [have a long way to go](bold) at → [way](->way) 1 sense 19

If there is more than one adjective, the adjectives are usually used in a fixed order.

You say: I had a nice long bath.
Don’t say: [I had a long nice bath.](strike)

You say: She wore a long black coat.
Don’t say: [She wore a black long coat.](strike)

There has been a long period without rain.

continuing for a long time, especially longer than you want or expect

Drivers face lengthy delays on all roads out of the city.

Police are going through the lengthy process of re-examining all the evidence.

continuing for a long time – used especially about disputes, campaigns, or shows

He has been involved in a long-running dispute with his neighbour.

The programme is one of the longest-running series on television.

a long-running campaign to prevent the airport from being built

continuing for a long time – used especially about effects or relationships

While at the school, she made many long-lasting friendships.

continuing for a long time, especially an unusually long time

Despite protracted negotiations, they were unable to reach an agreement.

The couple have been involved in a protracted battle for custody of their children.

continuing for a long time, especially longer than expected, or longer in a way that makes a situation worse

He returned to work after a prolonged absence.

Studies have linked prolonged use of the drug to cancer.

continuing for a long time – used especially about visits, trips, breaks etc that last longer than was planned

He took an extended break from work after his father died.

She didn’t like being away from home for extended periods.

strong enough or great enough to continue for a long time

The negotiations were aimed at achieving a lasting peace.

This affair has done lasting damage to the president’s credibility.

The book left a lasting impression on me.

continuing for a long time – used especially about memories, influences, or feelings of liking someone or something

One of my most enduring memories is of going on holiday to France with my parents.

the enduring appeal of Conan Doyle’s stories

continuing for a very long time and needing a lot of energy, patience, or determination

It was a marathon session of talks which continued until 3 am.

He arrived after a marathon journey across Europe.

continuing for too long – used about speeches, answers, explanations etc

a very long-winded answer to a simple question

He gave a long-winded speech about the company’s vision for the future.

They faced an interminable wait in the departure lounge of the airport.

used about a process that continues for much too long

The news heightened expectations that the long-drawn-out investigation might be coming to a close.

[comparative](italic) [longer](bold) [superlative](italic) [longest](bold)

measuring a great length from one end to the other

continuing or travelling a great distance from one place to another

Springfield is [a long way](bold) from Chicago.

斯普林菲尔德离芝加哥很远。

Liz lives in Cheltenham, which is [a long way away](bold).

利兹住在切尔滕纳姆，那地方很远。

[long journey/walk/flight/drive etc](bold)(=a journey etc over a large distance that takes a lot of time)

It’s a long walk to the shops from here.

continuing for a large amount of time, or for a larger amount of time than usual

It [took](bold) a [long time](bold) to get everything ready.

花了很长时间才把一切准备就绪。

There was a long silence before anybody spoke.

沉默了很长时间才有人说话。

She’s recovering from a [long illness](bold).

她病了很久，现正在康复。

Doctors often [work long hours](bold)(=work for more time than is usual).

医生经常要工作很长时间。

[the longest time](bold) AmE [spoken](special)(=a very long time)

It took me the longest time to figure out how to open the windows.

我花了很长时间才琢磨出怎么开这几扇窗。

used to talk or ask about a particular length, distance, or time

长〔用以谈论或询问长度、距离或时间〕

The cable is not quite [long enough](bold).

containing a lot of words, letters, names, or pages

He owes money to a list of people [as long as your arm](bold)(=a very long list).

他欠了很多人钱，债主名单排起来有很长一大串。

a long vowel in a word is pronounced for a longer time than a short vowel with the same sound

used when there is no definite answer to a question

‘How long will it take to finish the project?’ ‘How long is a piece of string?’

“这个项目要多长时间才能完成？” “很难说。”

used when you are telling someone the most important facts about something rather than all the details

The long and the short of it is that we missed the train.

长话短说吧，我们没有赶上火车。

the power of someone or something that has authority, especially to catch and punish someone

某人/某事物的权力[权威]〔尤指拘捕和惩罚某人的权力〕

He won’t escape [the long arm of the law](bold).

a sad or disappointed expression on someone’s face

I’m getting a bit long in the tooth for this sort of thing.

我有点儿快老掉牙了，不太适合做这类事情。

He was [short on](bold) patience, [but long on](bold) a sense of his own worth.

他耐心不足，但自信有余。

if there are long odds against something happening, it is very unlikely that it will happen

used when talking about what will happen at a later time or when something is finished

All our hard work will [be worth it in the long run](bold).

从长远来看，我们的一切努力都是值得的。

someone or something with very little chance of success

成功可能性不大的人[事物]

Chelsea are a 20–1 long shot to win the championship.

切尔西队夺冠的赔率为1赔20，希望渺茫。

used humorously to say hello when you have not seen someone for a long time

to think about the effect that something will have in the future rather than what happens now

从长远考虑，从长计议（某事）

very much, far, or a great amount or degree

We’re still [a long way from](bold) achieving our sales targets.

我们离完成销售指标还有很长的路。

Psychiatry has [come a long way](bold)(=developed a lot) since the 1920s.

自20世纪20年代以来，精神病学已有很大发展。

Your contributions will [go a long way towards](bold) helping children in need (=will help to reach a goal).

你的捐助对生活困难的孩子大有帮助。

[by a long way/shot](bold) [informal](special) [also](special) [by a long chalk](bold) BrE(=used when something is much better, quicker, cheaper etc)

It was his best performance this year, by a long way.

这是他今年最好的表现，远胜以往。

[not by a long way/shot](bold) [informal](special) [also](special) [not by a long chalk](bold) BrE(=not at all or not nearly)

He had not told Rory everything, not by a long shot.

他没有全部告诉罗里，远远没有。

three or more days, including Saturday and Sunday, when you do not have to go to work or school


long

Reform of the law is [long overdue](bold).

used to ask and talk about particular amounts of time

〔用于询问或谈论多长时间〕

[How long](bold) will it take to get there?

Try to keep going for [as long as possible](bold).

It [took](bold) me [longer](bold) than I thought it would.

我用的时间比原先想的要长。

at a time that is a long time before or after a particular time

This all happened long before you were born.

这一切在你出生以前早就发生了。

[It wasn’t long before](bold)(=soon) Lisa arrived.

I haven’t seen her [for so long](bold) that I’ve forgotten what she looks like.

我很久没有见到她，都已经忘记她的样子了。

used to say that one thing can happen or be true only if another thing happens or is true

You can go out to play as long as you stay in the back yard.

你可以出去玩，只要不出后院。

used to say that one thing will continue to happen or be true if another thing happens or is true at the same time

只要，只有〔表示只有一件事发生或属实，另一件事才会同时发生或属实〕

As long as we keep playing well, we’ll keep winning games.

只要我们一直打得好，我们会一直赢下去。

used to talk about something continuing for the amount of time that you want, need, or is possible

You can stay for [as long as](bold) you [want](bold).

你想逗留多久就逗留多久。

She tried to stay awake for [as long as](bold) she [could](bold).

她尽量不让自己睡去，能醒就醒着。

The fruit should be left on the tree [as long as possible](bold).

应该让水果尽可能在树上多生长一些时间。

used when something used to happen or be true in the past but does not happen or is not true now

The extra workers won’t be needed any longer.

In everyday English, people usually say [not any longer](bold)  or [not anymore](bold)  (especially AmE)[/not any more](bold)  (BrE), rather than [no longer](bold) , which sounds slightly formal or literary:

[He [no longer](bold) lives here.](strike)

He doesn’t live here [any longer](bold) OR [anymore](bold).

Before long a large crowd had gathered outside the building.

不久大楼外面就聚集了一大群人。

It’s likely that the law will be abolished before long.

这项法律很有可能不久就会废除。

used to say that someone or something will be ready, will be back, will happen etc soon

某人/某事/这事不会很久

在这里等着，我马上就回来。

整整一天/一年/一个夏天等

used to show support for a person, idea, principle, or nation


long

→ [longed-for](->longed-for) → [longing](->longing)

to want something very much, especially when it seems unlikely to happen soon

She longed for the chance to speak to him in private.

她渴望有机会和他私下交谈。


long-distance

a telephone call to a place that is far away


long-term

[in the long term](bold) at → [term](->term) 1 sense 6

[adj](bold) <[usually before noun](bold)>

continuing for a long period of time, or relating to what will happen in the distant future

长期的，长远的；有长期打算的

the [long-term future](bold) of the fishing industry

the [long-term interests](bold) of the company

[the long-term unemployed](bold)(=people who have not had a job for a long time)

the [long-term effects](bold) of alcohol on the body


look

look after
look ahead
look around
look at
look back
look down on
look for
look forward to
look in
look into
look on
look out
look out for
look over
look round
look through
look to
look up
look up to

to turn your eyes towards someone or something, so that you can see them

You should never look directly at the sun.

After a while, he turned and looked at me.

to look at something quickly, especially in order to find or check something

to look at someone or something for a short time and then look quickly away

to look quickly at something – used especially when you are not supposed to look, or when you are looking through a small gap

Katy peeped at her birthday present on the table.

to look very carefully, especially because you cannot see well

to look at someone or something for a long time without moving your eyes

to look at someone or something for a long time, often without realizing that you are doing it

He lay on his bed gazing at the ceiling.

to look at someone or something for a long time, usually with your mouth open, because you are very shocked or surprised

People gaped at him with wide-open mouths.

to look at someone or something, especially in a particular way

to turn your eyes towards something, so that you can see it

We sneaked out while Jessie’s mom wasn’t looking.

我们趁杰茜的妈妈没有看到，偷偷地溜了出去。

If you look carefully you can see that the painting represents a human figure.

如果仔细看，就会看出画上是一个人形。

‘It’s time we left,’ Ian said, looking at his watch.

“我们该走了。”伊恩看了看表说。

The men all turned to look at her as she entered the room.

她走进房间的时候，所有男人都转过来看她。

Dad looked up from his paper and smiled.

爸爸从报纸上抬起头来看了看后笑了。

‘We can’t go out in this weather,’ said Bob, looking out of the window.

“这样的天气我们不能出去。”鲍勃看着窗外说。

You [look at](bold)  someone or something: She was looking at the baby. I looked at the screen.
Don’t say: [She was looking to the baby. ](strike)  [I looked to the screen.](strike)

If you [look to](bold)  someone, you depend on them: He always looked to his father for advice.

I looked everywhere but Jimmy was nowhere to be found.

我到处都找遍了，可吉米还是不见踪影。

Could you help me look for my contact lens?

你帮我找一下隐形眼镜好吗？

If you’re looking for a bargain, try the local market.

如果你想找便宜货，到当地的市场去看看吧。

From the way things look at the moment, the Republicans are unlikely to win this election.

照目前的形势来看，本届大选共和党获胜无望。

[it looks as if/as though/like](bold)(=it seems likely that)

It looks like they won’t be needing us anymore.

看来他们不再需要我们了。

You [made](bold) me [look](bold) really stupid in front of all my friends!

你让我在所有朋友面前出尽了洋相！

你看上去很累，应该上床睡觉了。

He looked as if he hadn’t washed for a week.

他看上去好像一个星期没有洗澡了。

My sister doesn’t [look](bold) anything [like](bold) me.

我妹妹长得一点也不像我。

[look like a million dollars](bold) at → [million](->million) sense 4

[Look](bold)  is a linking verb in meanings 3 and 4. This type of verb links the subject of the sentence with an adjective or noun: It looks windy outside. You look beautiful. She made him look a fool.

to look at someone with a very angry expression on your face

to look at someone carefully from their head to their feet, as if you are forming an opinion about them

to look directly at someone when you are speaking to them, especially to show that you are not afraid of them or that you are telling the truth

正视某人〔尤表示不怕对方或自己说的是实话〕

Owen didn’t dare look his father in the eye.

to behave as if you think that someone or something is not good enough for you

看不起某人/某事物，轻视某人/某事物

He looks down his nose at anyone foreign.

to ignore something bad that is happening and not try to stop it

Prison guards looked the other way as the man was attacked by fellow prisoners.

那人遭其狱友殴打时，狱警掉过头去装作没看见。

used to say that something you are offering is exactly what someone has been trying to find

不用到别处找了〔表示你所提供的正是某人一直在寻找的〕

Want a quiet country retreat for your weekend break? Then look no further!

周末想在乡村找一个安静的去处吗？那不用到别处找了！

if a building looks in a particular direction, it faces that direction

The cabin looks east, so we get the morning sun.

小屋朝东，所以我们早上晒得到太阳。

used to say that it is sensible to think about the possible dangers or difficulties of something before doing it

to be planning or expecting to do something

We’re looking to buy a new car early next year.

我们打算明年年初买一辆新车。

([look under the hood](bold) ([AmE](bold)) )

to look at or find out about the less noticeable features of something

进一步细察；查明细微之处

Look under the bonnet of the company before investing in it.

深入了解公司详情再投资。

used to tell someone to look at something that you think is interesting, surprising etc

瞧，当心，注意，留神〔用于让某人注意有趣、令人惊讶等的事〕

used to get someone’s attention so that you can suggest something or tell them something

瞧，听好〔用于让人注意你要说的事〕

Look. Why don’t you think about it and give me your answer tomorrow?

这样吧，这事你考虑一下，明天给我答复，好吗？

Look, I’ve had enough of this. I’m going home.

听着，我已经受够了，我要回家。

used to warn someone that they are in danger

used to tell someone to look at something that you think is interesting, bad etc

看看那个！简直是一团糟！

Well, look who’s here! It’s Jill and Paul!

哎，看谁来了！是吉尔和保罗！

used to say that you have seen someone but do not want them to know you have noticed them

现在可别看〔以免让人看到〕

Oh no! Don’t look now but here comes Tony.

哦，不好！现在别看，托尼来了。

look what you’re doing/look where you’re going etc

Look where you’re putting your feet! There’s mud all over the carpet!

你落脚要小心！地毯上到处都是泥巴！

used to angrily tell someone to look at the result of a mistake they have made or something bad they have done

Look what you’ve done – my jacket’s ruined!

看你干了什么呀——我的夹克完蛋了！

used to get someone’s attention in order to tell them something, especially when you are annoyed with them

听着〔用于引起某人的注意以告知其某事，尤用于对其感到恼火时〕

Look here, you can’t say things like that to me!

听着，你不可以跟我那样说话！

used when you are in a shop, to say that you are only looking at things, but do not intend to buy anything now

（我）只是看看〔不打算现在就买〕

‘Can I help you?’ ‘No, thanks. I’m just looking.’

“你要买什么吗？” “不，谢谢。我只是看看。”

[look kindly on sb/sth](bold) at → [kindly](->kindly) 1 sense 3


look

used to tell someone to look at something that you think is interesting, surprising etc

瞧，当心，注意，留神〔用于让某人注意有趣、令人惊讶等的事〕

used to get someone’s attention so that you can suggest something or tell them something

瞧，听好〔用于让人注意你要说的事〕

Look. Why don’t you think about it and give me your answer tomorrow?

这样吧，这事你考虑一下，明天给我答复，好吗？

Look, I’ve had enough of this. I’m going home.

听着，我已经受够了，我要回家。


look

a quick look at something before looking away again

Susan cast a quick glance at me she looked quickly at me.

He could not resist a sidelong glance  quickly looking to the side to see what was happening on the other side of the road.

a short look at someone or something in which you do not see them very clearly

Fans were hoping to catch a glimpse of the singer as he left the hotel.

I had only a fleeting glimpse  a very quick look of the two men as they ran away.

She looked up and met his gazelooked at him when he was looking at her.

a long direct look, especially in an unfriendly way or in a way that shows you are surprised

My cheery ‘Good Morning’ was met with a blank starea stare which shows no emotion.

She gave him a hostile glare as he entered the room.

‘Anyway,’ she said with a frown, ‘I don’t see how there could be a connection.’

Let me have a look at that – I think it’s mine.

让我看一下那个东西——我想它是我的。

Take a [good look](bold) at the photo and see if you recognize anyone in it.

好好看看这张照片，看你能不能认出来里面的哪个人。

I [took one look](bold) at the coat and decided it wasn’t worth £50.

我看了那件外套一眼，觉得不值50英镑。

[have/take a look around](bold) [also](special) [have/take a look round](bold) BrE(=look at all the things in a particular place)

I have a special interest in old houses. Do you mind if I take a look around?

我对老房子特别感兴趣，我四处看看行吗？

an expression that you make with your eyes or face

Mike gave him such a severe look he didn’t dare argue.

迈克严厉地看了他一眼，他就不敢再争论了。

Why has Jake been giving me [dirty looks](bold)(=unfriendly looks) all morning?

为什么杰克整个上午都不给我好脸色看？

an act of examining something and thinking about it

Have you had a chance to take a look at my proposal yet?

I asked the vet to have a [quick look](bold) at the puppies as well.

我叫兽医顺便也看一下这些小狗。

It’s time to take a [fresh look](bold) at the old problem of low pay.

是时候该重新考虑一下低薪这个老问题了。

This month, take a [long hard look](bold)(=examine very carefully) at where your money is going.

这个月，好好想一下你的钱怎么用。

I can’t find them anywhere. [Have a look](bold) yourself.

我哪里也找不着，你自己找吧。

She had a [good look](bold)(=searched carefully) through the files.

她在文件中仔细地找过了。

the appearance that someone or something has

这个地区看上去乌烟瘴气。

Mr Flynn had a tired, ill look in his eyes.

弗林先生的眼中显出倦意，看着病恹恹的。

[not like the look of sb/sth](bold)(=think that something bad has happened or will happen because of something’s appearance)

We should turn back now. It’s getting dark and I don’t like the look of those rain clouds.

我们现在应该回去了。天越来越黑，这乌云密布的样子有些不妙。

The neighbours are back from holiday [by the looks of it](bold)(=that is how it seems).

看样子邻居已经度假回来了。

I don’t like [the look of](bold) this new policy (=I do not like the way it seems).

Fiona’s got everything – looks, money and youth.

菲奥娜什么都有——美貌、财富和青春。

You get your [good looks](bold) from your mother.

When she [lost her looks](bold)(=became less attractive) she found it difficult to get work.

没有了当年的美貌，她觉得找工作难了。

a particular style in clothes, hair, furniture etc

〔服装、头发、家具等的〕时尚，风格，样式

嬉皮士风格又再度流行了。

used to say that someone is looking at someone else in a very angry or unfriendly way

如果眼神能杀人〔指怒目而视〕


loom

to appear as a large unclear shape, especially in a threatening way

〔尤指阴森森地〕隐约出现，赫然耸现

Suddenly a mountain loomed up in front of them.

一座大山赫然耸立在他们面前。

if a problem or difficulty looms, it is likely to happen very soon

〔问题或困难〕逼近，临近

An economic crisis is [looming on the horizon](bold).

to seem important, worrying, and difficult to avoid

〔指因事情重要或令人担忧而〕压在心头，萦绕心中

Fear of failure loomed large in his mind.

对失败的担忧沉重地压在他的心头。


loom

a frame or machine on which thread is woven into cloth


loop

a shape like a curve or a circle made by a line curving back towards itself, or a piece of wire, string etc that has this shape

[belt loop](bold)(=a loop of material for holding a belt on trousers etc)

a set of operations in a computer program that are continuously repeated

〔计算机程序中的〕循环，回路

a film or music loop contains images or sounds that are continuously repeated

循环胶片，循环磁带〔可循环播放〕

to be or not be part of a group of people who make important decisions

a road or railway line that leaves the main road or track and then joins it again further on


loop

to make a loop or make something into a loop

（使）成圈[环]；把 …绕成圈

他把绳子在柱子上绕了一圈。

to move in a circular direction that forms the shape of a loop

The ball looped over the goalkeeper into the back of the net.

那个球绕过守门员射入网底。

to fly a plane up and around in a circle so that the plane is upside down for a time

to give someone the latest news or information about a situation

Keep me looped in on any further developments.


loose

The screw has [come loose](bold)(=became loose).

→ Do not confuse the adjective [loose](bold)/luːs/  with the verb [lose](bold)/luːz/  (=stop having something, become unable to find something etc)[They thought they might lose their jobs.](italic)

His rear wheel spun on the [loose stones](bold).

他的后轮在散落的石子上打转。

The potatoes are sold loose (=not packed in a container).

The driver had forgotten to fasten the safety chain and the trailer [came loose](bold)(=became unattached).

驾驶员忘了拴上安全链，拖车松脱了。

if your hair is loose, it hangs freely rather than being tied back

Her hair fell loose around her shoulders.

loose clothes are big and do not fit your body tightly

free from being controlled or held in a cage, prison, or institution

自由的，无束缚的，未被关住的

A 34-year-old inmate broke loose from the sheriff’s office yesterday.

昨天一名34岁的囚犯从治安官办公室里逃走了。

[turn/let/set sth loose](bold)(=let something go free)

不要让你的狗在沙滩上乱跑。

a [loose interpretation](bold) of the law

控制不严的；组织不严密的；松散的

loose arrangement (=an arrangement that can easily be changed)

not pressed tightly together in a solid mass

not under the control of either team in a game of football, rugby  etc

Sheringham was the first player to reach the [loose ball](bold).

谢林汉姆第一个抢到了这个无人控制的球。

to free yourself from someone or something, or their influence

He cut himself loose from the constraints of family life.

他摆脱了家庭生活的束缚。

to start enjoying yourself in a happy noisy way after a period of controlled behaviour

〔在一段时间的压抑之后〕放任，发泄

I’m ready to cut loose and enjoy the weekend.

我准备放任一下自己，好好过一个周末。

to speak or behave in an uncontrolled way

痛快地说出（某事物）；自由地表现出（某事物）

She let loose a string of four-letter words.

to allow someone to deal with something in the way they want to, when you think they will make mistakes or do something wrong

让某人随意做某事〔认为其会做错事或坏事〕

Whatever you do, don’t let Derek loose on the garden.

你们做什么都行，就是不能让德里克在花园里乱来。

I was at a loose end so I decided to go see an old movie.

我闲来无事，便决定去看一部老电影。

parts of something that have not been completed or correctly done

We’ve nearly finished, but there are still a few [loose ends](bold) to be [tied up](bold)(=dealt with or completed).

我们差不多已经完成，还剩些收尾工作。

coins that you have in your bag or pocket

someone who cannot be trusted because they say or do things you do not want them to

失控的大炮，脱缰炮〔指说话、做事随便因而不能相信的人〕

used to tell someone to stay calm, or not to worry about something

having a problem in which the waste from your bowels has too much liquid in it

behaving in a way that is considered to be sexually immoral

not careful about what you say or who is listening

There’s been a bit of [loose talk](bold) about it.

对这件事有些不负责任的言论。


loose

释放，发泄〔不愉快的事物〕

And now the anger Maggie had feared was loosed.

现在，玛吉所害怕的怒火发泄出来了。

to make something loose or to untie someone or something, especially an animal

释放〔某人或某物，尤指动物〕

to fire an arrow, a bullet from a gun etc


loose

if a criminal or dangerous animal is on the loose, they have escaped from prison or from their cage


loosely

A towel was loosely wrapped around his neck.

他的脖子上松松地裹着一块毛巾。

The film is [loosely based on](bold) the novel.

影片大致根据这部小说改编。

‘El Libre’ was loosely translated as ‘the free one’.

El Libre约略译作“自由人”。

in a way that is not strictly controlled or organized

不严密地；不正式地；松散地


loosen

to make something less tight or less firmly fastened, or to become less tight or less firmly fastened

You’ll need a spanner to loosen that bolt.

你需要扳手来拧开那个螺栓。

Congress has loosened the restrictions on immigration.

to reduce the control or power you have over someone or something

放松〔对 …的〕控制[操纵]

The government has loosened its hold on the media considerably.

to start holding someone or something less tightly than you were before

他松开了抓着戴维胳膊的手。

to make someone talk more than usual, especially about things they should not talk about

使某人说话不拘束〔尤指说不该说的事〕


lorry

a large vehicle for carrying heavy goods

used humorously to say that something was probably stolen

多半是偷来之物〔幽默用法〕


lose

→ [lost](->lost) 2 [lose count](bold) at → [count](->count) 2 sense 3 [lose sleep over sth](bold) at → [sleep](->sleep) 2 sense 4

[past tense and past participle](italic) [lost](bold) /lɒst/ US /lɒːst/

to stop having a particular attitude, quality, ability etc, or to gradually have less of it

丧失，失去〔某种态度、品质、能力等〕

The business community has lost confidence in the government.

商界已经对政府失去了信心。

Carol lost interest in ballet in her teens.

卡萝尔在十多岁的时候对芭蕾舞失去了兴趣。

Try not to [lose heart](bold)(=become sad and hopeless) – there are plenty of other jobs.

不要灰心——还有很多其他的工作。

[lose face](bold)(=stop having as much respect from other people)

A settlement was reached in which neither side lost face.

达成了一个双方都不失面子的协议。

You’re looking slim. Have you lost weight?

你看上去很苗条啊，是不是变瘦了？

The plane emptied its fuel tanks as it started losing altitude.

飞机开始从高空下降时排空了油箱。

[lose your sight/hearing/voice/balance etc](bold)

艾埃尔先生有一只眼睛可能会失明。

The tour was postponed when the lead singer lost his voice.

由于主唱失声，巡回演出推迟了。

[lose your touch](bold)(=become less skilled at doing something you used to do well)

This latest movie proves Altman is by no means losing his touch.

这部最新影片证明奥特曼宝刀未老。

By the time the ambulance arrived, Douglas had [lost consciousness](bold).

救护车赶到时，道格拉斯已经失去知觉。

[lose all sense of time/direction/proportion etc](bold)

When he was writing, he lost all sense of time.

他在写作的时候完全没有了时间概念。

[lose sight of sth](bold)(=forget an important fact about a situation)

We must never [lose sight of the fact that](bold) man must work in harmony with nature.

我们绝不能忘记这一点——人类必须与大自然和谐共处。

to not win a game, argument, election, war etc

输掉〔比赛、辩论、选举、战争等〕

They played so badly they deserved to lose.

他们打得这么差，输了活该。

克林格在选举中失去了他的席位。

Arkansas just lost three games in a row.

阿肯色队一连输了三场比赛。

他和别人争论的时候就是输不起。

The Beavers have dropped only one game since losing to Oregon in January.

海狸队自1月份败给俄勒冈队以来只输过一场比赛。

[lose (sth) by 1 goal/10 votes/20 points etc](bold)

The Communist candidate [lost by a whisker](bold)(=a very small amount).

Freddie died in 1982 after [losing](bold) his [battle](bold) against AIDS.

弗雷迪与艾滋病抗争失败，于1982年去世。

It was a rash decision, and it lost him the race (=caused him to lose the race).

这个决定太轻率，使他输掉了比赛。

to become unable to find someone or something

I’ve lost the tickets for tonight’s show.

我把今晚演出的票弄丢了。

I followed her on foot, but lost her in the crowd.

我走在她后面，可是在人群中跟丢了。

It was thought the manuscript had been [lost forever](bold).

原以为这份手稿再也找不着了。

[be/get lost in the post](bold) BrE, [be/get lost in the mail](bold) AmE

The parcel must have got lost in the post.

包裹肯定是在邮递过程中弄丢了。

[lose track of sth/sb](bold)(=stop knowing where someone or something is)

He lost track of her after her family moved away.

她家搬走以后，他就失去了她的音信。

[lose sight of sth/sb](bold)(=stop being able to see someone or something)

Don’t try to walk in a heavy snowstorm as you may lose sight of your vehicle.

在强雪暴天气不要试着下车步行，你可能会看不到自己的车子。

if you lose something that is important or necessary, you then no longer have it, especially because it has been taken from you or destroyed

丧失，失去〔重要或需要的东西〕

David’s very upset about [losing](bold) his [job](bold).

戴维失去了工作非常难过。

Hundreds of people [lost](bold) their [homes](bold) in the floods.

成百上千的人在水灾中失去了家园。

My family [lost everything](bold) in the war.

我家在战争中失去了一切。

He was over the limit and will [lose](bold) his [licence](bold).

他查酒驾时超标驾驶，将被吊销驾驶执照。

Ninety naval aircraft were lost and thirty damaged.

90架海军飞机被毁，30架受损。

If you hesitate, you may lose the opportunity to compete altogether.

你如果犹豫不定，可能连参赛的机会都会失去。

We were losing customers to cheaper rivals.

我们的客户被出价更低的竞争对手抢去了。

She was about to lose her husband to a younger woman.

她的丈夫就要被一个更年轻的女人抢去了。

California has lost 90% of its wetlands to development.

加州有90%的湿地都被用于开发建设了。

He lost his leg in a motorcycle accident.

他在摩托车事故中失去了一条腿。

He’s [lost a lot of blood](bold) but his life is not in danger.

他失血很多，但是没有生命危险。

the mistakes which lost him his kingdom (=caused him to lose his kingdom)

a memorial to honor those who lost their lives in the war

if you lose a relative or friend, they die – use this when you want to avoid saying the word ‘die’

失去〔亲属、朋友；die的委婉语〕

One woman in Brooklyn lost a husband and two sons in the gang wars.

在黑帮争斗中，布鲁克林的一名妇女失去了丈夫和两个儿子。

Sadly, Anna [lost the baby](bold)(=her baby died before it was born).

He lost his father to cancer (=his father died of cancer) last year.

Peter was [lost at sea](bold) when his ship sank.

轮船沉没，彼得葬身大海。

if you lose money, you then have less money than you had before

The company is in debt after losing an estimated $30 million on its dotcom enterprise.

公司因在网络公司业务上亏损约3,000万美元而负债。

Creditors and investors [stand to lose](bold)(=risk losing) vast sums after the company’s collapse.

公司倒闭之后，债权人和投资者可能会蒙受巨大的损失。

A lot of people [lost](bold) their [shirts](bold)(=lost a lot of money) on Ferraris in the eighties.

80年代，许多人投资法拉利都赔光了老本。

这笔生意很合算——我们不会赔钱！

The stock market crash lost the banks £70 million (=caused them to lose £70 million).

股市暴跌使银行损失了7,000万英镑。

if you have nothing to lose, it is worth taking a risk because you cannot make your situation any worse

〔即使不成功也〕不会损失什么，不会吃亏

You might as well apply for the job – you’ve got nothing to lose.

你不妨申请这份工作——你不会损失什么的。

[have nothing to lose but your pride/reputation etc](bold)

The working class has nothing to lose but its chains(=disadvantages, restrictions etc).

工人阶级能失去的只有束缚他们的枷锁。

[have a lot/too much to lose](bold)(=used to say that you could make your situation much worse)

These youngsters know they have too much to lose by protesting against the system.

这些年轻人知道，如果对体制提出抗议，他们会损失惨重。

if you lose time, you do not make progress as quickly as you want to or should

Vital minutes were lost because the ambulance took half an hour to arrive.

救护车半个小时后才到，错过了最关键的几分钟时间。

In 1978, 29 million days were lost in industrial action.

1978年因罢工损失了2,900万个工作日。

Come on, [there’s no time to lose](bold)(=do not waste time).

[lose no time in doing sth](bold)(=do something immediately)

Murdock lost no time in taking out a patent for his invention.

默多克一分钟也没有耽误，马上为他的发明申请了专利。

if a watch, clock etc loses time, it runs too slowly and shows an earlier time than it should

to stop knowing where you are or which direction you should go in

I lost my way in the network of tiny alleys.

我在纵横交错的小巷子里迷了路。

to become uncertain about your beliefs or what you should do

The company seems to have lost its way of late.

近来公司似乎迷失了方向。

if two people lose touch, they gradually stop communicating, for example by no longer phoning or writing to each other

I’ve lost touch with all my old school friends.

我和所有老同学都失去了联系。

They lost touch when Di got married and moved away.

迪结婚搬走以后，他们就失去了联系。

if you lose touch with a situation or group, you are then no longer involved in it and so do not know about it or understand it

〔因不再接触某情况或团体而〕不了解（某事），不明白（某事）

They claim the prime minister has lost touch with the party.

他们声称首相对该党事务已不再了解了。

It sometimes appears that the planners have lost touch with reality.

有时候规划者好像与现实脱节。

Diana was determined not to lose her temper with him.

to become unable to behave calmly or sensibly

You’ve all heard that Nadal lost his head over a girl?

你们都听说了吗？纳达尔疯狂地爱上了一个女孩。

Nicholas looked at her as if she’d lost her mind.

尼古拉斯看着她，就好像她发疯了一样。

She completely lost it with one of the kids in class.

她被班上的一个孩子气疯了。

I could see people thinking I’d totally lost the plot.

我看得出来，人们都以为我彻底发疯了。

to be paying so much attention to something that you do not notice anything else

全神贯注于某事，专心于某事

She listened intently to the music, losing herself in its beauty.

她专注地听着音乐，完全沉浸在美妙的旋律之中。

if you lose someone who is chasing you, you manage to escape from them

There’s a better chance of losing him if we take the back route.

我们如果走小路，就更有可能摆脱他。

to confuse someone when you are trying to explain something to them

〔试图解释时〕把 …搞糊涂

Explain it again – you’ve lost me already.

再解释一遍吧——你都把我搞糊涂了。

to remove a part or feature of something that is not necessary or wanted

You could lose the last paragraph to make it fit on one page.

你可以把最后一段删掉，这样就能放到一页里了。

lose something in the translation/telling

翻译/转述过程中失去了味道

The joke loses something in the translation.

这个笑话翻译过来就失去味道了。


loser

someone who is in a worse situation than they were, because of something that has happened

If the strike continues, the people of Galway will be the real losers.

如果罢工继续下去，真正受害的将是戈尔韦地区的人。

someone who is never successful in life, work, or relationships

〔在生活、工作或人际关系方面〕屡屡失败的人，失败者

这家伙生来就是个失败者。

someone who has lost a competition, game, election etc

〔竞争、比赛、选举等中的〕失败者，输家

[good/bad loser](bold)(=someone who behaves well or badly after losing)


loss

[cut your losses](bold) at → [cut](->cut) 1 sense 29 [a dead loss](bold) at → [dead](->dead) 1 sense 10

the fact of no longer having something, or of having less of it than you used to have, or the process by which this happens

The court awarded Ms Dixon £7,000 for damages and [loss of earnings](bold).

法院判给狄克逊女士7,000英镑，赔偿她所受的损害和收入损失。

a disease which causes fever and a [loss of appetite](bold)

引起发烧和食欲不振的一种疾病

This did not explain his apparent [loss of interest](bold) in his wife.

这不能解释他为什么明显对妻子失去了兴趣。

her [loss of confidence](bold) in herself

a certain feeling of [loss of control](bold)

The animal was weak through [loss of blood](bold).

这个动物因为失血而身体虚弱。

The company is closing down two of its factories, leading to 430 [job losses](bold).

公司要关闭其中的两家工厂，这将造成430人失业。

a type of [hearing loss](bold) that affects language development

一种会影响语言能力发展的听力丧失

if a business makes a loss, it spends more than it earns

The company [made a loss](bold) of $250,000 last year.

公司去年亏损了25万美元。

The magazine’s losses totaled almost $5 million.

这家杂志一共损失了将近500万美元。

[run/operate etc at a loss](bold)(=to earn less money from something you sell than it costs you to produce it)

She must be feeling very lonely after the loss of her husband.

丈夫过世以后她一定感到非常寂寞。

I’m sorry to hear of your family’s [sad loss](bold)(=the death of someone you love).

听说你们家痛失亲人，我感到非常难过。

US forces withdrew after suffering [heavy losses](bold)(=many deaths).

美军遭受重大伤亡后撤退了。

The war has led to a tragic [loss of life](bold).

to be confused and uncertain about what to do or say

When her son finally left home, Emily felt completely at a loss.

儿子终于离开了家，埃米莉怅然若失。

Detectives are so far at a loss to explain the reason for his death.

到目前为止，警探仍非常困惑，无法解释他的死亡原因。

He seemed, for once, [at a loss for words](bold)(=unable to think what to say).

就这一次，他好像哑口无言了。

a feeling of being sad or lonely because someone or something is not there anymore

the deep [sense of loss](bold) I felt after my divorce

我离婚后产生的深深的失落感

a disadvantage caused by someone or something leaving or being removed

〔因某人的离去或某物的挪移而造成的〕损失

We see your going as a [great loss](bold) to the company.

我们认为你的离去是公司的重大损失。

said when you think someone is being stupid for not taking a good opportunity

Well, if he doesn’t want to come, it’s his loss.

好吧，如果他不愿意来，那是他自己的损失。


lost

the past tense and past participle of lose

lose的过去式和过去分词


lost

[give sb up for dead/lost etc](bold) at → [give up](->give up) → [long-lost](->long-lost) [make up for lost time](bold) at → [make up for](->make up for) [there is no love lost between sb and sb](bold) at → [love](->love) 2 sense 10

if you are lost, you do not know where you are and are unable to find your way somewhere

“你迷路了吗？”司机问道。

I [got](bold) thoroughly [lost](bold) on the way here.

if something is lost, you had it but cannot now find it

在寻找一个丢失的球的两个男孩

lost time or opportunities have not been used in the way that would have given you the greatest advantage

〔时间或机会〕利用不当的，浪费的，错过的

It’ll be impossible to make up the lost time.

sales, business etc that you could have had but did not

损失的销售额/生意/收入等

The strike has cost the company £2 million in lost revenue.

这次罢工给公司收入造成200万英镑的损失。

to not feel confident about what to do or how to behave

It’s not unusual to feel rather lost when you first start college.

刚上大学时感到很迷惘不足为奇。

She’s a great friend and I’d [be lost without](bold) her.

她是一个很不错的朋友，没有她我会茫然无措。

used to rudely tell someone to go away or to stop annoying you

thinking so hard about something, or being so interested in something, that you do not notice what is happening around you

Harry just stood there, [lost in thought](bold).

哈里就站在那里，陷入沉思之中。

Amy lay on her bed, totally lost in her book.

埃米躺在床上，专心致志地看书。

to be forgotten or not noticed in a complicated process or in a busy time

〔在复杂的过程或忙碌中〕被遗忘[忽略]

It’s easy for your main points to get lost in a long speech.

做长篇演说容易偏离要点。

to be completely confused by a complicated explanation

‘Do you understand what I mean?’ ‘Not really. I’m a bit lost.’

“你明白我的意思吗？”“不很明白，我有点糊涂了。”

if something is lost on someone, they do not understand or want to accept it

这个笑话克里斯完全没听懂。

to be unable to say anything because you are very surprised, upset etc

〔因非常惊讶、难过等〕说不出话来，不知说什么才好

For once in her life, she was lost for words.

她平生就这一回不知道说什么话才好。

that no longer exists or that you no longer have

She wept for her broken dreams and lost youth.

她为自己破灭的梦想和逝去的青春而哭泣。

something that has no chance of succeeding

Trying to interest my son in classical music is a lost cause.

让我儿子对古典音乐产生兴趣是不可能的事。

someone who does not seem to know where they are or what to do – often used humorously

失魂落魄者，茫然若失的人〔常为幽默用法〕

used to say that success is still possible, even though there have been problems or failures

还有一线希望；尚未满盘皆输


lot

[thanks a lot](bold) at → [thanks](->thanks) 1 sense 5 [a fat lot of good/use](bold) at → [fat](->fat) 1 sense 5 [have a lot to answer for](bold) at → [answer for](->answer for)

We’ve spent a lot on the children’s education.

我们在孩子的教育上花费甚多。

“你有多少张CD？”“多着呢。”

They paid a lot of money for that house.

他们花了很多钱买下那幢房子。

[an awful lot](bold) [also](special) [a whole lot](bold) [informal](special)(=a very large amount or number)

He spends an awful lot of time on the computer.

他将大量时间花在计算机上。

It’s a great city, with lots to see and do.

这座城市很棒，有很多可看的东西和可做的事情。

[A lot of](bold)  is fairly informal and is mainly used in spoken English or informal written English.

You can use [a lot of](bold)  with a plural noun and a plural verb: A lot of people [were](bold) hurt.

You can use [a lot of](bold)  with an uncountable noun and a singular verb: A lot of money [was](bold) spent on it.

[Lots of](bold)  is more informal than [a lot of](bold) , but is used in exactly the same way.

You say: Lots of people [were](bold) hurt. Lots of money [was](bold) spent on it.

In written English, you usually use [many](bold)  or [a large amount of](bold) .

You use [many](bold)  with a plural noun and a plural verb: Many people were hurt.

You use [a large amount of](bold)  with an uncountable noun and a singular verb: A large amount of money was spent on it.

When talking about years, days, weeks etc, you usually use [many](bold)  instead of [a lot of](bold) : The book took many years to write.
Don’t say: [The book took a lot of years to write.](strike)

if someone or something is a lot better, faster, easier etc, they are much better, faster etc

She has a lot more contact with clients these days.

现在她和客户联系得更多了。

You’ll get there a lot quicker if you take the motorway.

如果走高速公路去那里会快很多。

The house is a lot tidier now Chris has left home.

克里斯搬出去之后，家里干净多了。

used to say that something happens to a great degree or often

Things have changed a lot since I was a child.

从我小时候到现在，生活变化很大。

I’ve been worrying a lot about my health.

我一直非常担心自己的健康。

to have a large number of problems to deal with or a large amount of work to do

有很多难题要处理；有很多工作要做

to have a lot of problems that you are worried about

有很多操心的事情，心事重重

‘You’re quiet today.’ ‘I’ve got a lot on my mind.’

“你今天话不多。”“我有很多烦心事。”

to be very busy, with a large number of things to do in a short time

I can’t help you now – I’ve got rather a lot on.

我现在帮不了你——我很忙。


lot

[bad lot](bold) at → [bad](->bad) 1 sense 21 [a job lot](bold) at → [job](->job) sense 18

a group of people or things considered together

Could you help me carry this lot upstairs?

你帮我把这些东西拿到楼上去好吗？

最后几个人愿意出7万英镑。

去年夏天我参加了三组考试。

the whole of an amount or number of things, people etc

We’ll do everything – cooking, washing, ironing – the lot.

我们样样都做——做饭、洗衣、熨衣服，所有的事情。

I can’t believe you ate [the whole lot](bold).

I think that’s the lot (=everything is included).

[the lot of you/them/us](bold)(=all of you, them, or us)

your lot is your work, duties, social position etc, especially when they could be better

〔尤指不太好的〕命运，处境

她好像对自己的境况很满意。

The unions have always tried to improve the lot of their members.

各工会一直在试图改善其成员的境遇。

an area of land used for building on or for another purpose

一块地，场地〔用于建屋或其他用途〕

the [vacant lot](bold)(=empty land) behind the Commercial Hotel

a building and the land surrounding it where films are made

something, or a group of things, that is sold at an auction

54号拍卖品是一盏维多利亚时代的灯。

if someone is chosen by lot, several people each take a piece of paper or an object from a container, and the person who is chosen is the one who gets a particular marked paper or object

In Athens at that time, judges were [chosen by lot](bold).

在那时候的雅典，法官是通过抽签来选定的。

We drew lots to decide who should go first.

to join or support someone or something, and accept that what happens to them will affect what happens to you

In 1915 Italy threw in her lot with the Allies.

1915年，意大利把自己的命运与协约国连在了一起。


lottery

a game used to make money for a state or a charity in which people buy tickets with a series of numbers on them. If their number is picked by chance, they win money or a prize

Do you really think [winning the lottery](bold) would make you happy?

你真的认为彩票中奖会带给你幸福吗？

a system of deciding who will get something by choosing people’s names by chance

The State Department issues 55,000 visas each year by lottery.

国务院每年随机签发55,000张签证。

a situation in which what happens depends on chance and is not certain to be successful

That’s the trouble with capitalism. It’s a lottery.

那是资本主义的问题所在，它靠的是运气。


loud

[loudly](bold) adv. eg: Ben laughed loudly. eg: She spoke more loudly than she intended.

making a lot of noise – used about sounds, voices, or music

making a lot of noise – used about people, machines, and places that are too loud

rowdy people behave in a noisy and uncontrolled way. A rowdy place such as a bar is full of noisy people, often behaving badly

unpleasantly loud – used about the excited sound of groups of people

used to describe a loud noise when something hits another thing, that seems to continue for a few seconds. Also used about people cheering or shouting loudly

The door hit the wall with a resounding crash.

His remarks received thunderous applause from the audience.

so loud that you cannot hear anything else

The noise was deafening – like a thousand fireworks going off at one time.

People living near airports suffer the deafening sound of aircraft taking off and landing.

so loud that your ears feel uncomfortable

He played the music at ear-splitting volume.

extremely loud, high, and unpleasant to hear

[comparative](italic) [louder](bold) [superlative](italic) [loudest](bold)

The book fell to the floor with a loud bang.

The music was so loud that I had to shout.

音乐太响了，我只得大声地喊。

‘Who’s there?’ asked David in a loud voice.

“是谁？”戴维大声问道。

someone who is loud talks too loudly and confidently

〔人〕过于自信而说话声过大的，大嗓门的

The more Tom drank, the louder he became.

汤姆喝得越多，嗓门越大。

loud clothes are too bright or have too many bright patterns

be loud in your praise/opposition/support etc

to express your approval or disapproval very strongly

The local business community was loud in its support for the scheme.

当地商界大力支持这个计划。


loud

[actions speak louder than words](bold) at → [action](->action) 1 sense 13 [for crying out loud](bold) at → [cry](->cry) 1 sense 4

in a way that is very easy to understand

The message came through loud and clear.

大声念出来，这样我们都能听到。

Harriet laughed out loud in astonishment.

哈丽雅特吃惊得大声笑了出来。


lounge

→ [cocktail lounge](->cocktail lounge) → [sun lounge](->sun lounge)

a public room in a hotel or other building, that is used by many people as a place to relax

the main room in a house where people relax, watch television etc


lounge

to stand, sit, or lie in a lazy or relaxed way

Nathan was lounging on the grass bank outside the cottage.

内森正懒洋洋地躺在小屋外的草堤上。

(also: [lounge about](bold) ([BrE](bold)) )

to spend time relaxing and doing nothing, often when you should be doing something

百无聊赖地消磨[打发]时间

James does nothing but lounge around the apartment.

詹姆斯在公寓里转来转去，无所事事。


love

You [love](bold)  someone or something: I love my children. She loves jazz.

You [love doing](bold)  something: She loves listening to jazz.

You [love to do](bold)  something: She loves to listen to jazz in her spare time.
Don’t say: [She loves listen to jazz.](strike)

[Love doing](bold)  something and [love to do](bold)  something both mean the same thing. You use [love to do](bold)  especially when saying that someone does something regularly or often.

The usual rule is that[ love](bold)  is not used in the progressive.
Don’t say: [I am loving my children.](strike)  [She is loving jazz.](strike)

In spoken English, people sometimes say [I’m loving](bold)  something they have just seen or heard: I’m loving his new show (=I like it a lot).

to like someone very much and care a lot about them – used especially about people in your family or someone who you are sexually attracted to

Have you ever said ‘I love you’ and not really meant it?

When she was a child she adored her father.

to feel that you love someone and want to have a romantic relationship with them

We were both young and very much in love.

Karen was in love with a man who was much older than her.

to love someone a lot and keep thinking about them, in a way that seems silly because you do not know them very well

He became infatuated with a woman he met at a conference.

to love and be sexually attracted to someone you are not having a relationship with, usually someone older

to love someone very much – used for emphasis

to love someone very much and give them a lot of attention

He was devoted to his wife and his children.

to love someone very much, especially a much younger family member, and behave very kindly to them

to have a strong feeling of affection for someone, combined with sexual attraction

to care very much about someone, especially a member of your family or a close friend

爱，关爱〔尤指家人或好友〕

In 1941, her much-loved sister was killed in an accident.

1941年，她深爱的妹妹死于一场事故。

Many people feel guilty after the death of a [loved one](bold).

许多人在至爱之人死后有一种负疚感。

to like something very much or enjoy doing something very much

喜欢，喜爱〔某物或做某事〕

我喜欢她唱那首歌的方式。

[I’d love to (do sth)](bold) [spoken](special)(=used to say that you would really like to do something)

‘Would you like to come swimming with us?’ ‘I’d love to.’

“你想和我们一起去游泳吗？” “我很愿意。”

I’d have loved to have stayed till the end.

我是很想一直留到结束的。

I’d love to know just why they did that.

我就是很想知道他们为什么那么做。

to have a strong feeling of loyalty to your country, an institution etc

热爱，忠于〔国家、机构等〕

used when you are amused by something, especially by someone else’s mistake or bad luck

好玩！太有趣了！〔尤用于表示觉得别人的差错或坏运气好笑〕

‘And then her boyfriend walked in and saw her kissing Ray.’ ‘I love it!’

“就在那时，她男朋友进来了，看到她正在亲吻雷。” “这太有意思了！”

used to say that someone will enjoy something

大家听好了，你们一定会喜欢这个。

used to say that someone will not be pleased about something

I’m going to love telling him we’ve changed our minds again.

我可不想告诉他我们又改主意了。


love

[a labour of love](bold) at → [labour](->labour) 1 sense 4

a feeling of liking someone very much and caring a lot about them – used about people in your family, or someone you feel sexually attracted to

All children need love, attention, and encouragement.

We don’t need words to express our love for each other.

a gentle feeling of love which makes you want to be kind to someone and show them that you love them – used especially about friends and members of your family

My mother never showed us us any affection.

Alison and I had been at school together, and I felt great affection for her.

very strong love for someone in which you want to give them a lot of attention and look after them – used especially about strong feelings of love for your wife, husband, children etc

His recovery is largely due to the devotion of his wife and family

a strong and exciting feeling of love for someone you are extremely sexually attracted to

He loved her still, with just the same passion as he always had.

There was no passion in their relationship.

a strong feeling of love for someone, in which you cannot stop thinking about them, and which seems silly because you do not know them very well

She hoped that his ridiculous infatuation would soon wear off.

His infatuation with Diane seemed to be growing.

the feeling of loving someone and the nice things you do to show this – used about someone you are sexually attracted to

The romance had gone out of their relationship.

In the UK, one in ten people have found romance over the Internet.

a very strong feeling of love and sexual attraction for someone such as a teacher or a famous person, especially when there is no chance of you having a relationship with that person because you are much younger than them

She had a teenage crush on one of her teachers.

I had a big crush on Tom Cruise when I was growing up.

I fell in love with her the minute I saw her.

(=when you love someone as soon as you meet them)

For Marion and Ron it was love at first sight.

I married Dan because I was madly in love.

The two of them fell head over heels in love.

(=used to say that people do not notice the faults of the person they love)

Love is blind, I guess. How else could he stand to be with her?

She felt that she had finally found true love.

Romantic love was not always the reason for marriage.

Venus was the Roman goddess of sexual love.

(=love for someone who does not love you)

She had a secret, unrequited love for Harrison.

He wrote about his passionate love for her.

She found a love letter from another woman in his wallet.

a strong feeling of caring about someone, especially a member of your family or a close friend

〔尤指对家人、好友的〕爱，关心，关爱

What these kids need is love and support.

这些孩子需要的是关心和支持。

a strong feeling of liking someone a lot combined with sexual attraction

Their love for each other grew deeper every day.

someone that you feel a strong romantic and sexual attraction to

[the love of your life](bold)(=the person that you feel or felt the most love for)

a strong feeling of pleasure and enjoyment that something gives you

He [had a](bold) great [love](bold) of music.

I [fell in love with](bold) Amsterdam the very first time I visited the city.

我第一次到阿姆斯特丹就喜欢上了这座城市。

something that gives you a lot of pleasure and enjoyment

帆船运动是她最大的爱好。

to say loving things to someone, to kiss them etc

（向某人）示爱；（和某人）亲热

to ask someone to give your loving greetings to someone else when they see them, write to them etc

used at the end of a letter to a friend, a member of your family, or someone you love

爱你的/深爱你的/全心爱你的〔用于写给朋友、家人或所爱之人的信的末尾处〕

希望很快能见到你。深爱你的，克莱尔。

a word used when you are talking to someone you love

亲爱的〔用于对所爱的人说话时〕

“你好啊，亲爱的。”她父亲说。

a friendly way of talking to someone who you do not know, especially to a woman or child. Many women consider this to be impolite or offensive

亲爱的〔对陌生人说话的友好方式，尤用于妇女或儿童；许多女性认为这种说法不礼貌或具有冒犯性〕

used when you are asking someone, especially children and members of your family, to do something

做个乖宝宝 …/ …好乖乖〔尤用于要孩子和家人做某事〕

Give these to your sisters, there’s a love.

把这些拿去给你的姐姐们，好乖乖。

if there is no love lost between two people, they dislike each other

某人和某人之间没有好感，某人与某人互相厌恶

an expression meaning ‘no points’, used in the game of tennis

if you cannot get something or do something for love or money, it is impossible to obtain or to do

I can’t get hold of that book for love nor money.

我无论如何也找不到那本书。

a situation in which someone is having a sexual relationship with the partner of a close friend – used especially in newspapers

三角恋爱〔尤用于报纸文章〕

(also: [for the love of Mike/Pete](bold) )

used to show that you are extremely angry, disappointed etc

看在上帝的分上〔用于表示怒不可遏、极度沮丧等〕


lovely

If there is more than one adjective, the adjectives are usually used in a fixed order.

You say: We had lovely warm weather.
Don’t say: [We had warm lovely weather.](strike)

You say: That’s a lovely red dress.
Don’t say: [That’s a red lovely dress.](strike)

[comparative](italic) [lovelier](bold) [superlative](italic) [loveliest](bold)

→see THESAURUS at [beautiful](->beautiful)

令人愉快[高兴]的；美好的

谢谢你让我们度过了一个美好的夜晚。

理查德是一个很亲切的人。

used to say that something is not at all enjoyable or good

‘The cat threw up all over the carpet!’ ‘Lovely!’

“猫吐得整张地毯都是！” “太糟糕了！”

非常暖和的/新鲜的/干净的等

used to show that you are pleased with something

好极了〔用于表示对某事满意〕

Push it right across. That’s it, lovely.

把它直推过去。对，棒极了。


lover

someone’s lover is the person they are having a sexual relationship with but who they are not married to


loving

[lovingly](bold) adv. eg: She smiled at him lovingly. eg: the plane he had lovingly built

behaving in a way that shows you love someone

the confidence he had gained from having a warm and loving family

他因为有一个温暖、充满爱的家庭而获得的自信

What that child needs is plenty of [loving care](bold).

He’s [very loving](bold) and affectionate with his sister.

他很爱他的妹妹，和她很亲昵。

thinking that peace, having fun etc is very important

热爱和平的/喜爱玩乐的/爱家的等

the [loving care](bold) with which the house has been restored


low

[be at a low ebb](bold) at → [ebb](->ebb) 1 sense 2

a low voice or sound is not high on the scale of musical sounds

Boys’ voices usually become much lower as they get older.

a deep voice or sound is low, strong, and pleasant

The engine has a wonderfully deep sound to it, like it’s ready to race.

a husky  voice is deep, quiet, and rough-sounding, especially in a way that is attractive

Monroe sang 'Happy Birthday, Mr President’ in a slow husky voice.

a gravelly voice is very low and rough sounding

The singer is famous for his gravelly voice.

[comparative](italic) [lower](bold) [superlative](italic) [lowest](bold)

→see THESAURUS at [cheap](->cheap) 1   →see THESAURUS at [small](->small) 1

small, or smaller than usual, in amount, level, or value

〔数量、水平或价值〕少的，低的

In May, the price of cocoa fell to its lowest level since 1975–76.

5月份，可可粉的价格降到了1975至1976年以来的最低水平。

Morale has been low since the latest round of job cuts.

自最近一轮裁员以来，士气一直很低落。

In this sort of investment, the risks are fairly low.

having less than the usual amount of a substance or chemical

if a number, temperature, or level is in the low 20s, 30s etc, it is between 21 and 23, 31 and 33 etc

〔数字、温度或水平〕在20多一点/30多一点等

Tonight, temperatures in most areas will be in the low 50s.

今晚大部分地区的气温将略高于50度。

having a top that is not far above the ground

at a point that is not far above the ground or near the bottom of something

把生肉存放在最下面一格架子上。

bad, or below an acceptable or usual level or quality

Their safety standards seem to be pretty low.

他们的安全标准似乎相当低。

Cost-cutting has led to a lower quality of service.

削减成本导致服务质量降低。

the children’s low achievement in school

孩子们在学校里不好的成绩

if you are low on something, or if your supply of something is low, there is not much of it left

音量太低了——开响一点。

Use low lighting to give the room a romantic atmosphere.

使用暗淡的灯光，给房间营造出一种浪漫的氛围。

if you cook something over a low heat or in a low oven, you cook it using only a small amount of heat

〔烹调时〕低温的，低热度的

a battery that is low does not have much power left in it

a low dress,blouse etc does not cover your neck and the top of your chest

〔连衣裙、衬衫等〕领口低的，低胸的

unhappy and without much hope for the future

He was feeling a bit low, so I did my best to cheer him up.

他情绪有点低落，所以我尽量想办法让他高兴起来。

Terry seems to be [in](bold) rather [low spirits](bold) today.

特里今天似乎情绪相当低落。


low

[search/look high and low](bold) at → [high](->high) 2 sense 6 [lay sb low](bold) at → [lay](->lay) 2 sense 20 [lie low](bold) at → [lie](->lie) 1 sense 7

She pulled her hat [low down](bold) over her eyes.

她把帽子拉低，盖住了眼睛。

我把收音机音量调得很低。

near the ground or the bottom of something

There was a hole [low down](bold) in the hedge.

靠近树篱底部的地方有一个洞。

if you play or sing musical notes low, you play or sing them with deep notes

〔弹奏或唱歌时〕用低音调；低沉地

变得远不如原来富有[重要]


low

[fall to/hit/reach etc a new low](bold)(=be worth less than ever before)

The euro has fallen to a new low against the dollar.

欧元对美元的汇率降到了新低。

Public confidence in the legal system is at an [all-time low](bold)(=much lower or worse than ever before).

民众对司法制度的信任度降到了前所未有的低点。

a very difficult time in someone’s personal or working life

〔某人生活或职业生涯中的〕低潮，低谷

[highs and lows (of sth)](bold)(=good times and bad times)

一个演员一生中的起起落落

the lowest point that the temperature reaches during a particular time

〔某段时间里的〕最低气温

夜间最低气温为8摄氏度。

逼近太平洋上空的低气压区

someone you think is completely unfair, cruel, immoral etc

最不公正[残酷，不道德等]的人

someone from a low social class – often used humorously

社会地位低微的人〔常为幽默用法〕


lower

below something else, especially below something of the same type

〔尤指位于同类物品中另一个的〕下面的，下方的

尼娜焦虑不安地咬着下唇。

Ruth went down to the lower deck (=lower level on a ship).

She suffers with pain in her lower back.

Temperatures will be lower over the weekend.

less important than something else of the same type

〔同类中〕次重要的，较低级的


lower

[lowered](bold) adj. eg: He leaned forward and spoke in a lowered voice.

to reduce something in amount, degree, strength etc, or to become less

After 20 minutes lower the temperature to 325°.

20分钟后，把温度降到325度。

Helen [lowered](bold) her [voice](bold)(=made it quieter) as they approached.

他们走近时，海伦压低了嗓音。

His [voice lowered](bold)(=became quieter).

In everyday English, people usually say that someone [turns down](bold)  the temperature or volume rather than [lowers](bold)  it:

Can you [turn](bold) the heating [down](bold)?

Very gently, he lowered the dog onto the rug by the fire.

他轻手轻脚地把狗放下，让它待在炉火边的小地毯上。

He lowered himself carefully down from the top of the wall.

他小心翼翼地从墙头上下来。

克里斯蒂娜脸一红，垂下了眼睛。

to behave in a way that makes people respect you less

I wouldn’t lower myself to speak to her after what she’s done.

她做了那样的事以后，我不会自降身份和她说话。

They thought an influx of students would lower the tone of the neighborhood.

他们认为大量学生入住会破坏这街区的格调。

Trust you to lower the tone of the conversation (=include rude jokes etc in what you say)!

你肯定会降低谈话的格调！


lower

BrE also: lour  [v](bold) <[I](bold)> [literary](special)

when the sky or the weather lowers, it becomes dark because there is going to be a storm

〔暴风雨前的天〕变昏暗；〔天气〕变恶劣

The other driver lowered at us as we passed him.

另一个司机在我们经过的时候对我们拉下了脸。


loyal

[loyally](bold) adv. eg: He has always loyally defended the president.

always supporting your friends, principles, country etc

The army has [remained loyal](bold) to the government.

her many years of [loyal service](bold) to the company


loyalty

He knew that he had Boyle's complete loyalty.

She was admired for her deep loyalty to her colleagues.

She was touched by her friend's fierce loyalty.

He was rewarded for his unswerving loyalty.

(=loyalty to a person or group without questioning whether they are right – used disapprovingly)

Sarah was criticized for her blind loyalty to her husband.

(=loyalty that goes only to one person or group)

He has the undivided loyalty of Manchester United fans.

(=when you feel that you should be loyal to two people, groups etc)

She felt divided loyalties, having friends on both sides of the dispute.

(=when someone shops in the same shops or buys the same goods regularly)

The company's marketing department is trying to build customer loyalty.

Most of the people seem to vote according to party loyalty.

(=loyalty to someone as a person, rather than to a company or organization)

He inspired personal loyalty among his employees.

Family loyalty prevented her from telling what she knew.

National loyalties can be a cause of conflict between countries.

(=loyalty to your group, team etc, which is felt by a large number of people - often used disapprovingly)

Football fans tend to have a strange kind of tribal loyalty.

As people change jobs more often, company loyalty is less common.

Marco felt an intense loyalty to his native country.

He inspires extraordinary loyalty among his staff.

(=do something that shows you are loyal to someone)

He showed great loyalty to his wife during her long illness.

The president's assistants swore their loyalty to him.

She had a strong sense of loyalty to her family.

They swore an oath of loyalty to their king.

(=who or what you are going to be loyal to)

Do your loyalties lie with your friends or your family?

(=when a company or shop gives customers a reward for continuing to use them)

The supermarket operates a loyalty scheme.

the quality of remaining faithful to your friends, principles, country etc

Elizabeth understood her husband’s loyalty to his sister.

伊丽莎白理解丈夫对他姐姐的一片忠心。

a feeling of support for someone or something

In the rural areas, family and tribal loyalties continue to be important.

在乡村地区，对家庭和部落的忠心依然很重要。

the agony of [divided loyalties](bold)(=loyalty to two different or opposing people) for the children in a divorce

父母离婚过程中孩子两边都不愿背弃的痛苦


luck

→ [hard-luck story](->hard-luck story) [push your luck](bold) at → [push](->push) 1 sense 12

when good or bad things happen to people by chance

The game involves an element of luck as well as skill.

the way that some things happen without being planned or caused by people

I met her by chance on a plane to Tokyo.

Like all top athletes, he leaves nothing to chance, and trains harder than anybody.

I had the good fortune to work with some great people.

The tour was dogged by ill fortune it had a lot of bad luck from the start.

Fortune has shone on the team so far this season they have been lucky.

a power that some people believe controls what happens to people and which cannot be changed or stopped

Fate dealt him a cruel blow with the death of his wife at the age of 32.

It must have been fate that brought them together, and fate that tore them apart.

a power which some people believe controls what happens in our lives and protects us

Do you believe in divine providence God’s power to make things happen?

Her life was mapped out for her by providence.

something good that happens because of luck

These birds are said to bring good luck.

She managed to catch hold of the rope by sheer luck.

(=sheer good luck, not influenced by anything you did)

Sometimes I think my success was really just dumb luck.

(=good luck that happens when you first try something)

He’d hit the center of the target. ‘Beginner’s luck, I guess,’ he said.

I hope you have more luck in the next competition.

I’d been looking for a job for weeks, but had had no luck.

I couldn’t believe my luck as my number was called out!

He had the good luck to meet a man who could help him.

Our luck held, and the weather remained fine.

Finally my luck ran out and they caught me.

He always carried the stone in his pocket; he reckoned it brought him luck.

(=something good that happens by chance)

What a piece of luck that he arrived when he did!

The team has had a run of bad luck lately, losing their last five games.

(=an amount of luck that is involved in something)

There is always an element of luck when hiring someone for a job.

good things that happen to you by chance

You’re not having much luck today, are you?

你今天运气不太好，是不是？

He’s had good luck with his roses this year.

今年他种玫瑰的运气不错。

真是令人难以置信的好运气。

It was only by luck that they managed to avoid hitting the rocks near the shore.

他们是侥幸才没有撞上岸边的岩石。

the bad things that happen to someone by chance, not because of something they did

I’ve had nothing but bad luck since I moved to this town.

我搬到这个镇上以后就只有倒霉。

轮盘赌是个靠运气的游戏。

if things happen in the way that you want

With a bit of luck, you might get a flight tomorrow.

要是运气好的话，你可以搭上明天的航班。

She wished me luck in the exam, then left.

她祝我考试好运，然后就走了。

used to tell someone that you hope they will be successful in something they are going to do

Good luck in this enormous project you are undertaking.

祝你承担的这个宏大项目取得成功。

used to say that you do not mind what someone does because it does not affect you

祝某人好运〔用于表示不介意某人所做的事，因为不会影响到自己〕

used to ask someone if they have succeeded in doing something

运气好吗？/运气不好吗？

‘Oh, there you are. Any luck?’ ‘No, I didn’t catch a single fish.’

“噢，是你呀。运气怎么样？” “不好，我一条鱼都没有钓到。”

to be able to do or get something, especially when you did not expect to

to be prevented from getting or doing something by bad luck

The team were out of luck again at Scarborough on Saturday.

周六球队在斯卡伯勒的比赛再次不走运。

to do something because you think it might bring you good luck

为带来好运而做某事，为求吉利而做某事

used to say that you are not surprised something bad has happened to you, because you are usually unlucky

I didn’t get to the phone in time. Just my luck!

我没来得及接那个电话，我就这命！

used to say you are disappointed because something good that you hoped would happen did not happen

‘Have you got Sunday off?’ ‘No such luck.’

“你星期天休息吗？” “没这命。”

used to say that you hope someone will be more successful the next time they try to do something

used to say that something happened by chance

As luck would have it, my best friend is the most wonderful cook in the world.

碰巧，我最要好的朋友就是世界上最棒的厨师。

to do something because you hope you will be successful, even though you know you may not be

After the war my father went to Canada to try his luck at farming there.

战后，我父亲去加拿大经营农场试试运气。

to have no money because you have had a lot of bad luck over a long period of time

When someone is down on their luck, friends are very difficult to find.

一个人穷困潦倒的时候很难找到朋友。

the result of chance rather than something you can control

used to say that you wish you had what someone else has

used to express sympathy when something unpleasant has happened to someone

[tough luck](bold) at → [tough](->tough) 1 sense 7

used to say that you expect something bad to happen to someone because bad things often do happen to them

就凭某人的运气，知道某人的运气〔用于表示料想某人身上会有坏事发生，因为此人经常不走运〕

With my luck, I’d lose if I backed the only horse in a one horse race.

我这运气，就算只有一匹马参赛，我把赌注押在它身上也会输掉。

‘Would your boyfriend like a drink?’ ‘He’s not my boyfriend, worse luck!’

“你男朋友要喝一杯吗？” “可惜他不是我男朋友！”

if luck is on someone’s side, things go well for them

Luck was on my side; all the traffic lights were green.

我很走运，一路全是绿灯。

used when you take, add, or do something for no particular reason, or in order to say that you hope good things happen


luckily

used to say that it is good that something happened or was done because if it had not, the situation would be unpleasant or difficult

Luckily the museum was not damaged by the earthquake.

幸好，博物馆没有在地震中遭到破坏。

他们很走运，他及时刹车了。


lucky

[strike it lucky](bold) at → [strike](->strike) 1 sense 20 [thank your lucky stars](bold) at → [thank](->thank) sense 3 [third time lucky](bold) at → [third](->third) 1 sense 2

happening because of good luck, or bringing you good luck

It’s lucky that I’ve got some spare keys.

Italy got a lucky goal in the last five minutes of the game.

‘How did you know he’d be there?’ ‘It was a lucky guess.’

happening because of good luck. [Fortunate](bold) is more formal than [lucky](bold)

It was extremely fortunate that there was no one in the building when the bomb went off.

I’m in the fortunate position of doing a job I love.

Some plants actually prefer a lot of shade, which is fortunate for gardeners choosing plants for gloomy corners.

used when saying that there would have been problems if something had not happened

It’s a good thing that you brought an umbrella with you.

extremely lucky in a way that is almost unbelievable

A teenager had a miraculous escape last night when the car she was travelling in overturned.

The doctor gave her a month to live but she made a miraculous recovery.

It was miraculous that no one was seriously injured in the accident.

It was fortuitous that no one else was hurt.

something that happens by chance, not because of skill or good judgment

By a fluke, he managed to get the question right.

used when saying that someone is lucky and the situation is right for them

Making money from buying property is easy – you just have to be in the right place at the right time.

I feel so incredibly lucky to have had that experience.

They’re not a great team - they just got lucky.

(=believe that you are lucky in a particular situation)

You should count yourself lucky you weren’t seriously hurt.

I applied for twenty jobs before I struck lucky.

Police say it was extremely lucky that no one was killed.

I was dead lucky to find a parking space right away.

We were pretty lucky with the weather on this holiday.

The lucky winner of the competition will be announced next week.

Your son’s a lucky man, having a father like you.

(=lucky people, especially when compared to others who suffered)

They considered themselves the lucky ones because they escaped with only minor injuries.

I was lucky enough to be selected for the school team.

[comparative](italic) [luckier](bold) [superlative](italic) [luckiest](bold)

The children were lucky to survive the fire which destroyed their home.

孩子们的家毁于大火，但是他们得以幸存。

those of us lucky enough to own our own homes

我们当中有幸拥有自己住房的人

I’ll be lucky if I get any of my money back.

我要是能拿回一点钱就算我运气好了。

I was tremendously lucky that I didn’t die in the accident.

我万分幸运，没有在事故中送命。

我们很幸运，天气一直很好。

Count yourself lucky you’ve got a husband like Jack.

你应该觉得自己很幸运，有杰克这么一个丈夫。

[get lucky](bold)(=be lucky on a particular occasion)

说不定你运气好，能淘到便宜货。

I didn’t really know your name – it was just a [lucky guess](bold).

我并不知道你的名字——只是运气好猜中的。

A middle-aged woman had a [lucky escape](bold) when a tree crashed down onto her car.

一棵树砸在一位中年女性的车上，她却有幸躲过一劫。

used to say that someone is fortunate to be able to do something

你/我等真幸运〔指某人有幸能做某事〕

‘My husband’s a rich man, and devoted to me.’ ‘Lucky you.’

“我丈夫很有钱，对我又忠心。” “你真幸运啊。”

used to say that something good and often unexpected will happen to someone

We’re going to win. I just know it’s our lucky day

我们会赢的，我就知道今天我们运气好。

used to tell someone that what they want probably will not happen

但愿你走运〔用于告诉某人他们所希望的事可能不会发生〕

‘Fifty pounds should be enough.’ ‘You’ll be lucky!’

“50英镑应该够了。” “但愿你走运！”

used to tell someone that what they want is not likely to happen, especially because it is unreasonable

我/你哪有这种运气！〔用于告诉某人其要求不大可能得到满足，尤因该要求不合理〕

You want three weeks holiday? You should be so lucky!

你想要三个星期的假期？想得倒美！


lucrative

a job or activity that is lucrative lets you earn a lot of money

〔职业或活动〕可赚大钱的，获利多的

He inherited a lucrative business from his father.

他从父亲那里继承了一家赚大钱的公司。


luggage

[Luggage](bold)  is an uncountable noun and is not used in the plural. You say: He carried our luggage to our room.
Don’t say: [He carried our luggages to our room.](strike)

[Luggage](bold)  is always followed by a singular verb: What happens if my luggage [gets](bold) lost?

When talking about one suitcase or bag, you say a [piece of luggage](bold)  or an [item of luggage](bold) : Each piece of luggage can weigh up to 20 kilos.

Security officers checked every piece of luggage.

the cases, bags etc that you carry when you are travelling – used especially when the bags are being looked after by an , train company etc

He’s a baggage handler for British Airways.

The airline charges for excess baggage things that weigh more than the amount that you allowed to take with you on a plane.

bags that you carry when you are travelling

They were packing their bags ready for the trip.

all the things that someone has with them when they are travelling

He put the stuff in the car and started to drive away.

They searched his luggage for illegal drugs.

他们搜查他的行李看是否藏有毒品。


lump

a small piece of something solid, without a particular shape

Melt a lump of butter in your frying-pan.

把一块黄油放入煎锅里化开。

a small hard swollen area that sticks out from someone’s skin or grows in their body, usually because of an illness

某人喉咙哽住，某人哽咽欲泣

There was a lump in her throat as she gazed at the child.

她凝视着孩子，哽咽欲哭。

to accept the bad things that happen and not let them affect you

According to experts, the company took its lumps but is on the road to profitability.

据专家说，该公司咬紧牙关撑了过去，现在已经开始赢利了。

他是个胖乎乎的傻大个儿。


lump

to accept a situation or decision you do not like because you cannot change it

They’ve been told: take the lower interest rate, or lump it.

有人告诉他们，要么接受更低的利率，要么就这样。

It’s the law so you can [like it or lump it](bold).

这是法律，不管你喜不喜欢都得接受。

to put two or more different people or things together and consider them as a single group, sometimes wrongly

〔有时错误地〕把 …归并在一起

You can’t lump the symptoms together and blame them all on stress.

你不能把这些症状混为一谈，通通归结为压力太大的缘故。

The danger is that people who pay their bills on time will be lumped in with those that don’t.

存在的风险是，按时付账单的人和不按时付账单的人会被混为一谈。


lunch

(=pay for someone else's lunch when you go to a restaurant)

He took her out for lunch at a local pub.

I don't often go out to lunch, as it's expensive.

(=stop doing something in order to eat lunch)

Why don't we break for lunch about 1 o'clock?

After a light lunch, he would take a nap each afternoon.

(=food such as sandwiches that you take to school etc)

Most of the children had brought packed lunches.

(=a lunch during which you also do business)

She was having a business lunch with a customer.

Free school lunches are provided for the poorest children.

Mum always cooks a chicken for Sunday lunch.

(=a time when you stop working to eat lunch)

(=the time when people stop working to eat lunch)

I try to go out for a walk during my lunch hour.

他去吃午饭了，恐怕得到两点钟才回来。

A dozen senators met over lunch with the Chinese ambassador.

十几名参议员在午餐会上和中国大使会面。

You eat something [for lunch](bold) : I had chicken for lunch.
Don’t say: [I had chicken on lunch.](strike)  [I had chicken at lunch.](strike)

You use [at lunch](bold)  to talk about something that happens while you are eating lunch: We can talk about it at lunch.

You also use [at lunch](bold)  to say that someone has gone somewhere else to eat lunch: I went to see her, but she was at lunch.

used to say that you cannot get anything without working for it or paying for it

天底下没有免费的午餐〔用于表示不付出就得不到任何东西〕

behaving or talking in a strange or crazy way


lunch

我要和一位客户一起用午餐。

我们在马克西姆餐厅吃了午餐。


lunchtime

the time in the middle of the day when people usually eat their lunch

Some people prefer to eat their main meal at lunchtime.

有些人更喜欢把午餐当成一天里最主要的一餐。


lung

one of the two organs in your body that you breathe with


lure

to persuade someone to do something, especially something wrong or dangerous, by making it seem attractive or exciting

People may be lured into buying tickets by clever advertising.

人们可能会受巧妙广告的诱惑去买票。

Computer games are luring youngsters away from their lessons.

电脑游戏诱惑着青少年，分散了他们的学习注意力。

to attract customers, workers, money etc from another company or place

吸引〔其他公司或地方的顾客、工人、资金等〕

The bank launched an advertising campaign to lure back its traditional customers.

银行展开了一场广告宣传活动，要把传统客户吸引回去。

It’s very difficult to lure talent away from Silicon Valley.

要吸引人才离开硅谷是很困难的。


lure

something that attracts people, or the quality of being able to do this

Malc wasn’t mature enough to resist the lure of drink and drugs.

马尔茨还不够成熟，抵挡不住酒和毒品的诱惑。

an object used to attract animals or fish so that they can be caught


lurk

to wait somewhere quietly and secretly, usually because you are going to do something wrong

She didn’t see the figure lurking behind the bushes.

她没有看到躲在树丛后的那个身影。

if something such as danger, a feeling etc lurks somewhere, it exists, but you may not see it or know about it

〔危险、情感等〕暗藏，潜藏

a dark formless danger, lurking in the shadows

一种潜藏在阴影里的无形危险

if you lurk in a chat room on the Internet, you read what other people are writing to each other, but you do not write any messages yourself

隐身，“潜水”〔指在网上聊天室里只看帖而不回复或不发帖〕

I think it’s sort of creepy how people lurk in chat rooms.

我觉得人们在聊天室里“潜水”有点可怕。


luxurious

lʌɡˈzjʊəriəs, ləɡˈʒʊəriəs

[luxuriously](bold) adv. eg: The cabin was luxuriously furnished.

very expensive, beautiful, and comfortable

一栋有30个房间的豪华度假别墅


luxury

[in the lap of luxury](bold) at → [lap](->lap) 1 sense 5

(=used when you want to emphasize that something gives great comfort and pleasure )

The blouse was satin, and felt like pure luxury.

(=something you consider a very great luxury)

A hot tub in your own back yard is the ultimate luxury.

(=comfortable when compared to other things)

We were glad to return to the comparative luxury of our tent away from the rain.

They stayed at luxury hotels during their trip.

He'd booked a holiday on a luxury cruise ship.

The first prize in the competition is a luxury holiday for two in Jamaica.

At Christmas we try to afford a few luxury items.

While some people live in luxury, most are struggling to find enough money to live on.

It was difficult to give up a life of luxury.

(=a very comfortable situation, especially compared to other situations or other people)

After camping for a week, my own bed felt like the lap of luxury.

The foreigners lived in the lap of luxury.

(=something that makes something seem more pleasurable and comfortable)

Leather chairs added a touch of luxury to the room.

(=something that is extremely comfortable and gives you a lot of pleasure)

If you want bath time to be the height of luxury, you will be inspired by our latest range of shower accessories.

very great comfort and pleasure, such as you get from expensive food, beautiful houses, cars etc

She stole to keep her boyfriend in luxury.

她靠行窃让男友享受奢侈的生活。

He was leading [a life of luxury](bold) in Australia.

他在澳大利亚过着豪华舒适的生活。

[luxury hotel/car/home etc](bold)(=expensive and large)

我们住在一家五星级的豪华酒店里。

连衣裙是用羔羊毛制作的——绝对奢华。

something expensive that you do not need, but you buy for pleasure and enjoyment

巧克力、香水之类的奢侈品

to have something that is very pleasant or convenient, that you are not always able to have

For the first time in three years, they actually had the luxury of a whole day together.

三年来他们第一次有这样难得的机会，可以一整天都在一起。


lyric

He wrote some great music, but the lyrics weren’t that good.

他创作过一些不错的曲子，但歌词不是很好。

a poem, usually a short one, written in a lyric style


lyric

expressing strong personal emotions such as love, in a way that is similar to music in its sounds and rhythm

Wordsworth was one of the greatest lyric poets of his time.

华兹华斯是他那个时代最伟大的抒情诗人之一。


machine

a piece of equipment with moving parts that uses power such as electricity to do a particular job

Staff are trained to operate the machine.

a machine or piece of electrical equipment, usually a large one, that people use in the home

The store sells kitchen appliances such as refrigerators, dishwashers, and toasters.

We carry out repairs on a range of household appliances.

a piece of equipment, usually a small electronic one, that does a special job

50,000 people downloaded the music to computers or portable devices such as iPods.

The device is fitted to the car and can detect stationary objects ahead.

a small, useful, and cleverly-designed tool or machine

a machine or piece of equipment that looks strange or complicated

There was a bizarre contraption for polishing the floor.

Turn the machine on and slowly add the hot liquid.

Have you been taught to operate the machine properly?

(=put it somewhere and connect it so it can be used)

300 new machines have been installed across the country.

(=add new and better parts to it or replace it with a better one)

How much will it cost to upgrade the machine?

Put your dirty clothes straight in the washing machine.

Can I borrow your sewing machine to make some curtains?

There’s a message on the answering machine.

She was at the coffee machine last time I saw her.

(=for supplying drinks, chocolate bars etc)

You can buy hot drinks from the vending machine in the corridor.

(=for giving you money from your bank account)

(=for putting coins in in order to try and win more money)

He has been on a life-support machine since the accident.

Could you get me a coffee from the [drinks machine](bold)?

给我从自动饮料机里买一罐咖啡好吗？

Turn the machine off before removing the cover.

打开盖子前请关闭机器电源。

Did you put my dirty shirts in the machine (=washing machine)?

你把我的脏衬衫放进洗衣机里了吗？

I left a message for you on your machine (=telephone answering machine).

我在你的电话答录机里留了言。

The machine wouldn’t let me have any money (=cash machine).

→ [answering machine](->answering machine) → [cash machine](->cash machine) → [vending machine](->vending machine)

a group of people who control and organize something – often used to show disapproval

〔控制某组织的〕核心人物，领导核心〔常含贬义〕

the bureaucrats of [the party machine](bold)

the government’s [propaganda machine](bold)

the powerful American [war machine](bold)

Riders have to learn to handle their machines in all conditions.

驾车者必须学会在各种环境下驾驶车辆。

That’s a [mean machine](bold)(=very fast and attractive vehicle) you have there.

a person or animal that does something very well or without having to think about it

In the tiger, nature has produced the perfect hunting machine.

大自然让老虎成为天生的捕猎高手。

I’m not a golfing machine. I make mistakes just like anyone else.

我打高尔夫球也不是百无一失，我像其他人一样会犯错误。

someone who seems to behave like a machine and to have no feelings or thoughts

机器似的人，麻木呆板的人〔指没有感情和思想〕

something that works very smoothly and effectively

上足了油的机器〔指工作非常顺利有效〕

The office runs like a well-oiled machine.

该办事处像上足了润滑油的机器一样，运转顺畅。


machine

to fasten pieces of cloth together using a sewing machine

to make or shape something using a machine

用机器制造；用机器将 …加工成型


machinery

The use of [heavy machinery](bold) has damaged the site.

工地因使用重型机械而受到了破坏。

a system or set of processes for doing something

The company has no effective machinery for resolving disputes.

公司没有解决争端的有效机制。

the parts inside a machine that make it work

Be careful not to get anything caught in the machinery.

小心不要让任何东西卡到机器部件里。


mad

[comparative](italic) [madder](bold) [superlative](italic) [maddest](bold)

We [get mad](bold) at each other sometimes, like any family.

我们有时也会红脸，和任何家庭一样。

There’s no need to [get mad](bold) about it!

瞧这一团糟！妈妈会很生气的！

[(as) mad as hell](bold)(=a rude way of saying very angry)

疯狂的；极愚蠢[不明智]的

He can’t possibly get that finished in time. He [must be mad](bold)!

他不可能按时完成的。他一定是疯了！

I’d [go mad](bold)(=start to feel crazy) if I was stuck at home all day.

如果我整天困在家里我会发疯的。

He’s been [driving](bold) me [mad](bold)!

You’ve agreed to marry him! Are you mad?

你已经同意跟他结婚了！你疯了吗？

Surely no one would be mad enough to fly in this weather?

肯定没有人会傻到在这样的天气条件下飞行吧？

My friends all think I’m [stark raving mad](bold)(=completely crazy).

我的朋友都认为我是彻底疯了。

It’s enough to send you [barking mad](bold)(=completely crazy).

[as mad as a hatter/March hare](bold)(=completely crazy)

In this meaning, [mad](bold)  is not used with ‘very’. You say: It’s an absolutely mad idea.
Don’t say: [It’s a very mad idea.](strike)

behaving in a wild uncontrolled way, without thinking about what you are doing

我们所有人都发疯似的向门口冲去。

[mad with grief/fear/jealousy etc](bold)

When she heard of her son’s death, she was mad with grief.

得知儿子的死讯，她悲痛欲绝。

When Italy scored, the crowd [went mad](bold)(=became very excited).

意大利队进了球，观众欣喜若狂。

We [went a bit mad](bold)(=spent a lot of money) and ordered champagne.

对某人/某事物着迷；热衷于某人/某事物

My nine-year-old is mad about Robbie Williams.

我九岁大的孩子对罗比•威廉斯非常着迷。

All the girls at school are mad for him.

‘Did you enjoy the film?’ ‘I wasn’t mad keen.’

“你喜欢这部电影吗？”“我并不十分喜欢。”

[be mad for it](bold)(=want to do something very much)

He turned towards me with a mad look in his eyes.

他转向我，眼里带着疯狂的神色。

the cartoon figure of the [mad scientist](bold)

very much, very quickly, or with a lot of energy

I caught my thumb in the door and it hurt like mad.

我的大拇指被门夹了，疼得要命。

她发疯似的跑着去赶公共汽车。

used to tell someone not to work too hard, get too excited, or spend too much money

别不要命地干；别太激动；别乱花钱

I know you’ve got a lot to do but don’t go mad.

我知道你有许多事情要做，但也别太拼命。

only interested in having power, money etc and doing everything possible to get it

只对权/钱/性等感兴趣的


madam

used to address a woman in a polite way, especially a customer in a shop

女士，夫人〔尤用作对商店女顾客的礼貌称呼〕

used at the beginning of a business letter to a woman, when you do not know her name

亲爱的女士〔商业信函的抬头，不知对方姓名时使用〕

used to address a woman who has an important official position

总统/大使阁下等〔对身居要职的女性的称呼〕

a young girl who is very confident and who expects other people to do everything she wants

（十足的）大小姐〔指要别人完全听从自己吩咐的自以为是的年轻女子〕


madness

[there’s method in/to sb’s madness](bold) at → [method](->method) sense 3

very stupid behaviour that could be dangerous or have a very bad effect

〔带来危险或严重后果的〕愚蠢行为，疯狂举动

It would be madness to drive all that way on your own.

这么长的路要全程自己一个人开车，那真是疯了。

Cutting down the forest is [sheer madness](bold)(=completely crazy).

砍伐森林是愚蠢至极的行为。

when someone does something without thinking clearly

In a moment of madness, I agreed to have the party at my house.

我一时糊涂，同意在我家搞聚会。


magazine

You read or see something [in a magazine](bold) : He read an interview with her in a magazine.
Don’t say: [He read an interview with her on a magazine.](strike)

a large thin book with a paper cover that contains news stories, articles, photographs etc, and is sold weekly or monthly

She’s the editor of a popular women’s magazine.

她是一本流行女性杂志的主编。

a television or radio programme which is made up of a number of reports

〔电视或广播的〕专题节目

the part of a gun that holds the bullets

〔枪的〕子弹夹，弹匣，弹仓

the part that holds the film in a camera or projector

〔照相机或电影放映机的〕胶卷盒，底片盒

a room or building for storing weapons, explosives etc


magic

the power to make impossible things happen, by saying special words or doing special actions

In the story, she uses magic to turn him into a frog.

Local people believe that he can heal wounds and illnesses using magic.

the use of magic, usually to do bad things

Hundreds of women were accused of witchcraft in the 1600s.

a special set of words or actions that are used to make something happen by magic

An evil witch cast a spell on him said a special set of words or did a special series of actions, in order to make something happen to someone by magic, turning him into a beast.

something that makes someone or something have bad luck

People believed the pharaoh would put a curse on use magic to make them have bad luckanyone who broke into the tomb.

She believed her former husband had put a hex on her.

mysterious powers and events that involve magic and spirits

magical beliefs and practices used as a form of religion

In Haiti, the people still practice voodoo.

In the story, the children are not allowed to do magic out of school.

What do you expect me to do? I can’t work magic!

By using magic, he can order the ghost of any dead person to be his servant.

The candles had been used for black magic.

The place seemed full of shadows and ancient magic.

Her fingers moved to make the sign that protected against strong magic.

the power to make impossible things happen by saying special words or doing special actions

→ [black magic](->black magic) → [white magic](->white magic)

a special, attractive, or exciting quality

Paris has [lost](bold) some of its [magic](bold) for me over the years.

这些年来巴黎对我来说已不如从前那么有魅力了。

the skill of doing tricks that look like magic in order to entertain people, or the tricks that are done

in a surprising way that seems impossible to explain

As if by magic, the waiter suddenly appeared with a tray of drinks.

就像变魔术一样，侍应生托着一盘饮料突然出现了。

if something or someone works or weaves their magic, they produce a good change or effect in a way that they are often able to do

The warm weather and the beautiful scenery began to work their magic and she started to relax.

温暖的天气和美丽的景色开始显出神效，她渐渐放松下来。


magic

in stories, a magic word or object has special powers that make the person using it able to do impossible things

relating to the skill of doing tricks to entertain people

〔用于娱乐大众的〕魔术的

His best [magic trick](bold) is sawing a lady in half.

他最拿手的魔术是把一位女士锯成两半。

a number or word that is particularly important or desired in a particular situation

The magic words ‘a million pounds’ will get everyone’s attention.

“一百万英镑”这几个奇妙的字将会吸引每一个人的注意力。

the word ‘please’ – used when speaking to children

神奇的“请”字〔用于对儿童说话时〕

那么那个神奇的字是什么啊？凯蒂？

a special ability to make things work well or to make people happy

使事情运行良好[使人高兴]的特殊才能

a short time which seems beautiful and special

She didn’t want to spoil this magic moment.

她不想破坏这美妙的时刻。

a group of powerful people who are friendly with each other and help each other

His outspokenness denied him access to the magic circle and he was never given high office.

他的直言不讳妨碍了他进入特权阶层，他一直未能高升。

非常好的；令人十分愉快的

‘Did you have a good time?’ ‘Yeah, it was magic!’

“玩得痛快吗？”“是的，痛快极了！”


magic

[past tense and past participle](italic) [magicked](bold) [present participle](italic) [magicking](bold)


magical

very enjoyable, exciting, or romantic, in a strange or special way

我们一起度过的那个美妙夜晚


magistrate

someone, not usually a lawyer, who works as a judge in a local court of law, dealing with less serious crimes


magnet

a piece of iron or steel that can stick to metal or make other metal objects move towards itself

something or someone that attracts many people or things

The region has become a magnet for small businesses.

该地区已成为小企业落户的热点区域。

[attract/draw sb/sth like a magnet](bold)

她像吸铁石一样吸引着男人。

[babe/chick magnet](bold) [informal](special)(=a man who is attractive to women)


magnetic

having the power of a magnet or behaving like a magnet

qualities that make other people feel strongly attracted to you

具有吸引力的个性/魅力等


magnificent

mæɡˈnɪfəsənt

mæɡˈnɪfəsənt

very good or beautiful, and very impressive

The twelve-mile coastline has magnificent scenery.

这12英里的海岸线景色壮观。

She looked magnificent in a long red dress.

她穿着红色长裙，看起来美极了。


magnitude

the great size or importance of something

They didn’t seem to appreciate the magnitude of the problem.

他们似乎没有意识到这个问题的重要性。

[of such/this/similar etc magnitude](bold)

We did not think the cuts would be of this magnitude.

我们没想到削减幅度会这么大。

an increase of this [order of magnitude](bold)(=size)


maid

a female servant, especially in a large house or hotel

〔尤指大宅或酒店的〕女仆


maiden name

a woman’s family name before she got married and started using her husband’s family name


mail

Please do not send personal mail to my work address.

The first thing he did was read his mail.

She opened her mail as she ate her breakfast.

The post office will forward your mail for a limited time.

The postman had just delivered the mail.

(=put it into different piles, ready for delivery)

Some mail still has to be sorted by hand.

(=for one person to read and nobody else)

He accused her of reading his private mail.

He gets so much fan mail he had to employ a secretary to deal with it.

She got threatening phone calls and hate mail.

(=letters, usually advertisements, that you do not want)

(=letters insured against loss or damage)

the letters and packages that are delivered to you

He found a mountain of mail waiting for him.

他发现有堆积如山的邮件等着他处理。

She promised to [forward my mail ](bold)to my new address (=send it from your old home or office to your new one).

她答应把我的邮件转寄到我的新地址。

He gets sacks of [fan mail](bold)(=letters from people who admire him).

他收到成堆仰慕者的来信。

[hate mail](bold)(=letters from people who hate you)

the system of collecting and delivering letters and packages

The mail here’s really slow and unreliable.

这里的邮递系统实在是又慢又不可靠。

The product will be sold mainly through the mail.

产品将主要通过邮寄出售。

I’ll put the check in the mail tomorrow.

I sent my application by registered mail.

我把我的申请表以挂号信的形式寄了过去。

Most reports are sent via [internal mail](bold)(=a system of sending documents to people inside the same organization).

大多数报告通过内部邮件系统发送。

messages that are sent and received on a computer

I [check my mail](bold) a couple of times a day.

She's just received another [mail message](bold) from them.

她刚刚收到他们发来的另一封邮件。

armour
       made of small pieces of metal, worn by soldiers in the Middle Ages

〔中世纪士兵穿的〕铠甲，锁子甲


mail

[v](bold) <[T](bold)> ([especially AmE](special))

The weekly newsletter is mailed to women all over the country.

每周一期的简报邮寄给全国各地的妇女。

to send a document to someone using a computer

你能把它作为附件发给我吗？


mailbox

a box, usually outside a house, where someone’s letters are delivered or collected

〔通常置于住宅外的〕信箱

the part of a computer’s memory where email messages are stored


main

[an eye for/on/to the main chance](bold) at → [eye](->eye) 1 sense 22

larger or more important than all the others

most important. [Chief](bold) and [principal](bold) are more formal than [main](bold), and are often used in written English

Coffee is the country’s principal export.

Smoking is a major cause of heart disease.

Street crime is becoming a major problem.

most important, or the one that everything or everyone else depends on

Education is likely to be a key issue in the election campaign.

most important or best – this phrase sounds a little informal and it is used especially in spoken English

most important – used especially about the most important aim, role, cause, or concern. [Primary ](bold) is more formal than [main](bold)

The primary aim of the project was to help students develop their communication skills.

The primary function of the university was considered to be the teaching of ‘the great cultural disciplines’.

very important or most important – used especially about the most important reason, cause, or aim, or about the most likely  or .[ Prime ](bold) is more formal than [main](bold)

Their prime objective is to increase profits for their shareholders.

Tourists are prime targets for theft and robbery.

most important – used especially about the things that people should pay most attention to

He wants the company to focus on its core business – advertising.

The party’s core values are individual freedom and reducing the amount of government bureaucracy.

most important and having more influence than anything else

The U.S. played a central role in the peace negotiations.

The central question is, why are people still so attached to their cars?

Yellow was the predominant colour everywhere.

High arched windows are a predominant feature in English churches.

New York still has a predominant role in the contemporary art world.

larger or more important than all other things, ideas etc of the same kind

〔同类中〕最大的，最重要的

→see THESAURUS at [important](->important)

The main reason for living in Spain is the weather.

居住在西班牙的主要原因是天气。

What do you consider to be the main problem?

你认为最主要的问题是什么？

Our main concern is that the children are safe.

我们最关心的是保证孩子们的安全。

a summary of the main points of the agreement

I’ll meet you outside the main entrance.

used to say what is the most important thing in a situation

As long as you’re not hurt, that’s the main thing.

只要你没有受伤，这才是最重要的。


main

a large pipe or wire carrying the public supply of water, electricity, or gas

〔供水、电或燃气的〕主管道；干线电缆

The report found that many of Yorkshire’s water mains needed replacing.

报告中说约克郡的很多自来水总管道需要更换。

the place on a wall where you can connect something to a supply of electricity

You can run the torch off batteries or plug it into the mains.

这个手电筒可以用电池，也可以接电源使用。

Make sure that the television is turned off at the mains.

gas, water, or electricity supplied to a building through a pipe or wire

由总管道[干线]输送的燃气/水/电

The heater will run off mains gas or bottled gas.

热水器使用管道燃气或罐装煤气均可。

Their job in the main consisted of cleaning and maintaining the building.

他们的工作主要是大楼的清洁和维护。


main clause

a clause that can stand alone as a complete sentence


mainland

[mainland](bold) adj. <only before noun> eg: mainland Britain

the main area of land that forms a country, as compared to islands near it that are also part of that country

大陆，本土〔相对于和它一起构成一个国家领土的邻近岛屿而言〕

flights between a Greek island and the mainland

希腊一海岛和本土之间的航班

terrorist attacks both in Northern Ireland and on the mainland

北爱尔兰和本土的恐怖袭击事件


mainly

used to mention the main part or cause of something, the main reason for something etc

Her illness was caused mainly by stress.

她的病主要是由精神压力引起的。

The workforce is mainly made up of women.

I don’t go out much, mainly because I have to look after the kids.

我不大出去，主要是因为我得照看孩子们。

Increased sales during the summer were mainly due to tourism.

夏季销售额增加主要是由旅游业带动的。

We talked about various things – work, mainly.

我们谈了各种各样的事情——主要是谈工作。

You usually use [mainly](bold)  in the middle of a sentence: They play mainly on Sundays. People go there mainly because of the beautiful beaches.

You also use [mainly ](bold) at the end of a sentence, especially in conversation: I read novels, mainly.

It is much less commonly used at the beginning of a sentence.

In written English, people often prefer to use [chiefly](bold)  or [primarily](bold) , which sound more formal than [mainly](bold) :

The disease is caused [chiefly](bold) by poor sanitation.


mainstream

the most usual ideas or methods, or the people who have these ideas or methods

〔思想或方法的〕主流；主流群体

Environmental ideas have been absorbed into the mainstream of European politics.

环境保护的观点已被纳入欧洲政治的主流。

Genet started as a rebel, but soon became part of the literary mainstream.

热内起初很叛逆，但不久就回归了文学主流。


mainstream

accepted by or involving most people in a society

Deaf children can often be included in mainstream education.

失聪儿童往往可以被纳入主流教育。


mainstream

to include a child with physical or mental problems in an ordinary class

把〔有生理缺陷或心理疾病的儿童〕安排到普通班级中，使融入主流教育