start

→ [false start](->false start) [fresh start](bold) at → [fresh](->fresh) 1 sense 4 [in/by fits and starts](bold) at → [fit](->fit) 3 sense 7

The appeal got off to a flying start at the weekend when the group held a raffle.

(=a good start that makes success seem likely)

Her teacher says she's made a promising start in learning Spanish.

Things got off to a bad start when two people turned up late.

After a shaky start, they managed two wins in five matches.

He accepted full responsibility for the club’s disappointing start to the season.

Work got off to a very slow start because of bad weather.

(=one that makes it seem likely that something will be good or bad)

His second term in office has got off to an extremely inauspicious start.

It was long trip so we had planned an early start.

On your first day at work, you want to get off to a good start.

He made a flying start at college, but then he didn't manage to keep it up.

We’ve had a disappointing start but we are hoping to improve.

the first part of an activity or event, or the point at which it begins to develop

→see THESAURUS at [beginning](->beginning)

We arrived late and missed the start of the film.

我们迟到了，错过了电影的开头。

We’ve had problems with this project right from the start.

这个项目从刚一开始我们就遇到许多难题。

She read the letter [from start to finish](bold) without looking up.

她头也不抬地把信从头到尾看完。

[get off to a good/bad etc start](bold)(=begin well or badly)

a free bottle of wine to get your holiday off to a great start

一瓶免费葡萄酒，让您的假日有个美好的开始

[a rocky/shaky/slow etc start](bold)(=a bad beginning)

After a rocky start, the show is now very popular.

这档节目一开始并不顺利，但现在已经很受欢迎了。

He wanted an [early start](bold) on his election campaign.

他希望早点开始自己的竞选活动。

the first part of a particular period of time

Since the start of 1992, the company has doubled in size.

自1992年年初以来，这家公司的规模已经扩大了一倍。

[the start of the year/day/season](bold)

a sudden movement of your body, usually caused by fear or surprise

〔因恐惧或吃惊的〕突然移动；惊起

Ted woke up with a start and felt for the light switch.

特德猛然惊醒，摸索着找电灯开关。

She said his name, and Tom [gave a start](bold)(=made a sudden movement).

她说出他的名字，汤姆吓了一跳。

if you have a good etc start, you have all the advantages or opportunities that your situation, your parents etc could provide to help you succeed

（人生中）良好/较好/健康等的起步

Good health care for the mother before birth [gives](bold) babies a healthy [start](bold).

孕妇良好的产前卫生保健能给婴儿一个健康的基础。

Naturally we want to give our kids the best possible [start in life](bold).

我们当然想给自己的孩子尽可能好的人生起步条件。

The horses were all lined up at the start.

所有的马都在起跑线上一字排开。

the amount of time or distance by which one person is ahead of another, especially in a race or competition

The prisoners had a three-hour start on their pursuers.

囚犯逃跑了三个小时后才开始追捕。

used to emphasize the first of a list of facts or opinions you are stating

首先，第一〔用于强调一系列事实或观点的第一条〕

Well, for a start, the weather was horrible.

used to say that something you have achieved may not be impressive, but it will help with a bigger achievement

One exercise class a week isn’t enough, but [it’s a start](bold).

一星期一节健身课是不够的，但这是个好的开始。

the beginning of someone’s job, which they will develop in the future, especially a job that involves acting, writing, painting etc

〔尤指表演、写作、绘画等事业的〕开始，起步

Pacino [got](bold) his [start](bold) on the stage, before his success in films.

帕西诺以舞台剧起步，后来才有电影上的成就。

I [gave](bold) you your [start](bold), so remember me when you win the Pulitzer Prize.

我给了你起步的机会，等你获得普利策奖时可别忘了我。

a job that has just started, a business that has just been started, or someone who has just started a new job

The number of business starts plummeted 10.5% during the second half of the year.

下半年新成立的公司数量锐减了10.5%。

a training course for [new starts](bold)

when people begin to build a number of new houses

a race or competition that someone has taken part in

〔某人参加的〕比赛，竞赛

The horse Exotic Wood was unbeaten in five starts.

那匹名为“异国木”的赛马五场比赛保持不败。

an occasion when a player plays when a sports match begins

〔选手在比赛中的〕首发上场

Jackson played in 353 games, with 314 starts.

杰克逊参加了353场比赛，其中314场首发。


starter

→ [nonstarter](->nonstarter) → [self-starter](->self-starter)

a small amount of food eaten at the start of a meal before the main part

〔一顿饭的〕第一道菜，开胃小吃

We had soup [as a starter](bold), followed by steak.

我们的第一道菜是汤，接下来是牛排。

a person, horse, car etc that is in a race when it starts

〔赛跑、赛马、赛车等的〕参赛者，选手

Of the seven starters, only three finished the race.

参赛的七名选手中，只有三名跑完全程。

someone who gives the signal for a race to begin

[under starter’s orders](bold)(=about to begin the race)

someone who begins doing something, especially a job, later in life than people generally do

used to emphasize the first of a series of facts, opinions, questions etc

Well, for starters, you’ll need to fill out an application form.

嗯，首先，你需要填一张申请表。

〔发动机的〕启动装置，启动器


startle

[startled](bold) adj. eg: a startled expression

to make someone suddenly surprised or slightly shocked

使〔某人〕吃惊；吓〔某人〕一跳

抱歉，我不是故意吓你一跳的。

看到阿曼达，我吃了一惊。


starve

to suffer or die because you do not have enough to eat

Thousands of people will starve if food doesn’t reach the city.

如果食品不能运到那座城市，成千上万的人就要饿死。

They’ll either die from the cold or [starve to death](bold)(=die from lack of food).

他们要么会冻死，要么会饿死。

to prevent someone from having enough food to live

The poor dog looked like it had been starved.

这条可怜的狗看起来一直在挨饿。


state

The report commented on the poor state of the roads.

Student numbers at the college are in a healthy state.

Whenever Ben stops his medication, his mental state deteriorates.

Our emotions can have an effect on our physical state.

There's a plan to return large areas of farmland to their natural state.

We can deduce how the planet evolved from its beginnings to its present state.

a constant/permanent/perpetual state of sth

The dead bird was in an advanced state of decay.

What was his state of mind at the time of the attack?

The doctor said my general state of health was good.

School buildings should be kept in a good state of repair.

Howard, still in a state of shock, stared at Newman.

Syria was still in a state of war with Israel.

That is the best advice we can offer, given our current state of knowledge about the disease.

Croatia became an independent state in 1991.

They wanted to transform the country into a modern democratic state.

Politicians get away with this sort of behaviour only in totalitarian states.

Until recently, the country was a one-party state.

The former communist states began opening up their markets to foreign investment.

Freedom of speech is not tolerated in a fascist state.

(=where the government strictly controls what people can say or do)

Too many laws bring us frighteningly close to the creation of a police state.

(=a country that belongs to an organization of countries)

The statement said that NATO would counter any attack against a member state.

the physical or mental condition that someone or something is in

There are fears for the state of the country’s economy.

人们担心国家的经济状况。

When we bought the house, it was in a terrible state.

我们买下这栋房子时，它的状况很糟糕。

Frankly, I wouldn’t trust his emotional state right now.

坦白地说，我对他目前的情绪状态不太放心。

She was in an extremely confused [state of mind](bold).

[in no fit state to do sth](bold)(=should not do something because you are not in a suitable condition)

戴维现在的状态不宜开车。

She can’t go home now. [Look at the state of](bold) her!

她现在不能回家。看看她这副样子！

[be in a good/bad state of repair](bold)(=be in good condition and not need repairing, or be in bad condition)

The country was [in a state of war](bold)(=officially fighting a war).

这个国家正处于战争状态。

Water exists in three states: liquid, gaseous, and solid.

水有三种形态: 液态、气态和固态。

→ [state of emergency](->state of emergency)

the government or political organization of a country

The state has allocated special funds for the emergency.

政府已为这一紧急状况拨出专款。

limits on salary increases for state workers

[state-owned/state-funded/state-subsidized etc](bold)(=owned, paid for etc by the government)

a state-funded community housing project

[matters/affairs of state](bold)(=the business of the government)

a country considered as a political organization

〔被视为政治组织的〕国家

→see THESAURUS at [country](->country) 1

a NATO [member state](bold)(=a country belonging to NATO)

one of the areas with limited law-making powers that together make up a country controlled by a central government, such as the US and Australia

Queensland is one of the states of Australia.

昆士兰是澳大利亚的一个州。

州政府和联邦政府征收的税

a word meaning the US, used especially by someone when they are outside the US

美国〔尤在美国境外时使用〕

Which part of the States would you suggest I visit?

你会建议我去美国的哪个地方？

to be or become very nervous, anxious, or excited

处于/陷入紧张[焦虑，兴奋]之中

Mum and Dad were in a right state when I got in.

我进去的时候爸爸妈妈心情不错。

the official ceremonies and events connected with government or rulers

the Queen’s first [state visit](bold) here in 17 years

17年来女王首次对此地的国事访问

music for [state occasions](bold)(=special public events)

[unsatisfactory/sad/sorry etc state of affairs](bold)

I must say this is a very unsatisfactory state of affairs.

我得说，目前的局势令人很不满意。

the position reached in an activity or process that has not finished yet

〔某一活动或过程的〕当前进展情况

What is the state of play in the current negotiations?

if the body of an important person who has just died lies in state, it is put in a public place so that people can go and show their respect

〔要人的遗体〕受公众瞻仰


state

to formally say or write a piece of information or your opinion

Rembert again stated his intention to resign from Parliament.

兰伯特再次表明辞去议员职务的意向。

The government needs to clearly state its policy on UN intervention.

政府需要就联合国的干预清楚地阐明其政策。

The witness stated that he had not seen the woman before.

证人说他以前并未见过那个女人。

Fine, but aren’t you just [stating the obvious](bold) here?

没错，可你说的谁不知道呢？

if a document, newspaper, ticket etc states information, it contains the information written clearly

〔文件、报纸、票等〕写明

The price of the tickets is stated on the back.


statement

something that someone says or writes publicly in order to tell people what they intend to do, what their opinion is etc

The president will make a statement to the press this afternoon.

a public or official statement telling people what has happened or what will happen

The announcement was heard by millions of radio listeners this morning.

The company made an announcement yesterday that Rogers has resigned as managing director.

an important official statement, especially about what a government or organization intends to do

On the 19th of July a declaration of war was delivered in Berlin.

Independence Hall is where the delegates met to sign the Declaration of Independence and write the Constitution.

an official statement giving information to the newspapers, radio, or television

The singer issued a press release saying that she was too ill to continue with the tour.

a formal statement saying that something is true, especially one a witness makes in a court of law

The testimony of the two arresting officers was an important part of the prosecution case.

The jury based their decision almost entirely on the testimony of one witness.

a written statement that you swear is true, for use as proof in a court of law

A prison doctor who treated the accused sent an affidavit about his mental state.

The minister will make a statement on the matter tomorrow.

(=make a statement, especially to the police)

(=give a written statement to newspapers, TV etc)

The Russian Foreign Ministry issued a short statement saying the meeting was ‘useful’.

I asked the police why they didn’t take a statement from me four years ago.

(=say that a statement you gave is not true)

Police last night issued a brief statement about the incident.

The article was a clear statement of his beliefs.

Researchers do not want to make any sweeping statements at this stage.

She is accused of making false statements to obtain a passport.

The company is expected to make an official statement tomorrow.

(=one you must sign to show that it is true)

You will be asked to make a formal statement.

We will be making no public statements about the matter.

One neighbour said in a written statement that she often heard a baby ‘crying for help’.

(=one that is prepared and then read out)

His solicitor read a prepared statement on his behalf.

(=one that you officially promise is true)

The reports were based on sworn statements of graduates of the terrorist training camp.

(=one that explains a government policy)

In his first major policy statement to Parliament he promised to end corruption in public life.

(=one in which an organization states its aims)

The role of a mission statement is to focus on the purpose of the organization.

something you say or write, especially publicly or officially, to let people know your intentions or opinions, or to record facts

〔尤指公开或正式的〕陈述，声明

In an official statement, she formally announced her resignation.

在一份官方声明中，她正式宣布辞职。

the prime minister’s recent statements on Europe

首相最近关于欧洲问题的声明

a record showing amounts of money paid, received, owed etc

the company’s annual financial statements

I haven’t received my [bank statement](bold) for last month yet.

我还没有收到上个月的银行结算单。

something you do, make, wear etc that causes people to have a certain opinion about you

〔行为、穿着等对个性的〕表现，反映

The type of car you drive [makes a statement](bold) about you.

你驾驶的车型能反映出你的个性。

the act of expressing something in words


statement

if an education authority statements a child who has special educational needs, they give a school additional money to help teach that child

〔教育部门〕为〔有特殊教育需要的儿童〕提供额外教育经费


statement

statement pieces of jewellery, shoes etc are very noticeable and impressive – used especially in magazines

〔珠宝、鞋等〕宣言式的，抢眼的〔尤作杂志用语〕


statesman

a political or government leader, especially one who is respected as being wise and fair


static

不动的；不变化的；不发展的；静（止）的

Economists predict that house prices will remain static for a long period.

经济学家预测，房价将长期保持稳定。


static

noise caused by electricity in the air that blocks or spoils the sound from radio or TV

complaints or opposition to a plan, situation, or action

〔对计划、状况或行动的〕抱怨，指责，反对

His promotion has caused a lot of static.

他的晋升引起很多人不满。


station

the station or stop at the end of a railway or bus line

We’ve arranged to meet her at the Victoria bus terminus.

the railway terminus in central Calcutta

the metal lines along which trains travel. This is sometimes used in American English to say which part of a station a train will leave from

The passenger train, traveling at 120 mph, careered off the tracks.

the raised place beside a railway track where you get on and off a train in a station – used especially to say which part of a station a train will leave from

Trains for Oxford leave from Platform 2.

the place at a station where tickets are sold

You can buy rail tickets online or at the ticket office.

a board saying when and from which part of a station each train will leave

The departures board said that the train was ten minutes late.

a place where trains or buses regularly stop so that passengers can get on and off, goods can be loaded etc, or the buildings at such a place

[train station/railway station](bold) BrE

a building or place that is a centre for a particular kind of service or activity

[petrol station](bold) BrE, [gas station](bold) AmE(=where petrol is sold)

[polling station](bold)(=where you vote in an election)

an organization which makes television or radio broadcasts, or the building where this is done

纽约WBGO爵士乐广播电台

Karen was definitely getting [ideas above her station](bold)(=higher than her social rank).

卡伦显然有了超出自己身份的想法。

a place where someone stands or sits in order to be ready to do something quickly if needed

You’re not to leave your station unless told.

没有命令，不得离开岗位。

a large sheep or cattle farm in Australia or New Zealand

〔澳大利亚或新西兰的〕大牧场

〔小型的〕军事基地，驻地


station

to send someone in the military to a particular place for a period of time as part of their military duty

部署〔某人〕于；安置；使驻扎

to move to a particular place and stand or sit there, especially in order to be able to do something quickly, or to cause someone to do this

（使）站岗；派往，安置在

A security guard was stationed near the door.


stationary

How did you manage to drive into a stationary vehicle?

你是怎么开车的，竟会撞上一辆停着的车子？

→ Do not confuse with the noun [stationery](bold) (=writing materials such as paper).


statistic

→ [vital statistics](->vital statistics)

Official statistics indicate that educational standards are improving.

According to government statistics, only two percent of lone parents are aged under twenty.

National statistics greatly underestimate levels of heroin use.

The economic statistics tell a grim story.

Statistics show that 80 percent of dog attacks take place in the home.

Housing conditions are far worse than the statistics suggest.

Police have not yet compiled statistics for this year.

a set of numbers which represent facts or measurements

the [official](bold) crime [statistics](bold)

[Statistics show](bold) that 50% of new businesses fail in their first year.

统计数据显示，50%的新企业在第一年即倒闭。

the science of collecting and examining such numbers

统计学是数学的一个分支。

a single number which represents a fact or measurement

The statistic comes from a study recently conducted by the British government.

这项统计数据来自英国政府最近进行的一项研究。

if someone is just a statistic, they are just another example of someone who has died because of a particular type of accident or disease

一个数据〔指死于某种意外事故或疾病的人〕

We can’t let these boys become just another statistic.

我们不能让这些男孩成为另一项统计数字。


statistical

[statistically](bold) /-kli/  adv. eg: The variation is not statistically significant.


statue

a magnificent marble statue of Frederick the Great

(=the same size as the person or animal it shows)

The north side of the building is dominated by a colossal statue of Bishop Gregory.

He presented the city with an equestrian statue of King William.

Some of the statues were carved by Quitainer.

They put up a statue of him in the main square.

They should erect a statue to you for doing that.

an image of a person or animal that is made in solid material such as stone or metal and is usually large

Churchill’s [statue stands](bold) outside the parliament building.

丘吉尔的塑像矗立在议会大厦外。

A bronze [statue](bold) was [erected](bold) in his honour.

人们立了一座铜像纪念他。

Statues of Lenin were torn down all across Eastern Europe.


status

They were men of high status and great influence.

People who work as carers have low status in our society.

In parts of the world, women still have inferior status.

They looked entirely at ease with their exalted status.

Workers of equal status should be rewarded equally.

(=relating to your social rank and money)

migrant farm workers and others of low socioeconomic status

His ambition was to attain the highest professional status.

Here, old people are respected and have high social status.

the official legal position or condition of a person, group, country etc

〔人、团体、国家等的〕法律地位，身份，状况

These documents have no [legal status](bold) in Britain.

这些文件在英国并无法律效力。

What is your [marital status](bold)(=are you married or not)?

your social or professional rank or position, considered in relation to other people

Doctors have traditionally enjoyed high [social status](bold).

医生历来享有很高的社会地位。

respect and importance that someone or something is given

曼德拉作为世界领导人的重要地位

a situation at a particular time, especially in an argument, discussion etc

〔尤指在争论、讨论等中〕某事物的状态[状况]

贸易谈判进行到何种程度了？


statute

a law passed by a parliament, council etc and formally written down

Protection for the consumer is [laid down by statute](bold)(=established by law).

保障消费者权益已有法律明文规定。

a formal rule of an institution or organization

〔某机构或组织的〕条例，章程

College statutes forbid drinking on campus.

大学校规禁止在校园内喝酒。


statutory

She’s below the [statutory age](bold) for school attendance.


stay

to not leave a place, or to be in a place for a particular period of time

John only stayed at the party for a couple of hours.

to stay somewhere. In written English, people often prefer to use [remain ](bold) rather than [stay](bold), because it sounds more formal

Some 2,000 protesters remained outside the building and refused to leave.

The judge recommended that he remain in jail for the rest of his life.

to stay in a place a little longer than you need to, because you are enjoying yourself, or because you hope to see someone or something

He lingered outside the lecture hall, hoping for a chance to talk to her.

There are plenty of small cafés where you can linger over a cappuccino.

to stay in a place not doing anything – used when you think someone is waiting for the chance to do something bad or illegal

The two men had been seen loitering in the area on the day that the car was stolen.

There are gangs of boys hanging around on street corners.

I don’t mind hanging around for a few minutes.

The boss doesn’t like being kept hanging around.

to stay in the same place or situation for a period of time, especially while you are waiting for something to happen or someone to arrive

I decided to stick around and see how it all turned out.

Make up your mind. I’m not going to stick around forever.

他们待了一个下午，一直在闲聊。

[stay for a year/ten minutes/a week etc](bold)

Isabel stayed for a year in Paris to study.

伊莎贝尔在巴黎待了一年学习。

Stay in bed and drink plenty of liquids.

She [stayed late](bold) to finish the report.

为了完成报告，她工作到很晚。

Stay right there! I’ll be back in a minute.

就待在那里！我马上就回来。

[stay to dinner/stay for lunch etc](bold)

你干吗不留下来吃晚饭呢？

Some of the students stayed after class (=remained after others had gone) to talk.

有几个学生课后留下来说话。

In written English, people often prefer to use [remain](bold)  rather than [stay](bold) , because it sounds more formal:

Many people opted to [remain](bold) in their homes.

She [remained](bold) as his deputy for ten years.

to continue to be in a particular position, place, or state, without changing

Rollings will stay as chairman this year.

罗林斯今年将继续担任主席一职。

Nine women gained weight, and four [stayed the same](bold).

九名女性体重增加，四名仍保持不变。

You stay on this road for a mile before turning off.

顺着这条路走一英里，然后拐弯。

Most of her boyfriends don’t stay around (=stay with her) very long.

她的男朋友大多数都没能和她维持多久。

[Stay](bold)  is a linking verb in this meaning. This type of verb links the subject of the sentence with an adjective or noun: They’re just trying to stay alive. I hope we can stay friends.

to live in a place for a short time as a visitor or guest

我母亲这星期来我们家住。

[stay the night/stay overnight/stay over](bold)(=stay from one evening to the next day)

to become accepted and used by most people

被普遍接受[使用]；成为风尚

Professional women’s basketball is here to stay.

女子职业篮球运动已得到普遍认可。

to remain at school after the day’s classes are finished, often as a punishment

放学后留校〔常作为惩罚〕

to finish something in spite of difficulties

Dieters should try hard to stay the course.

节食者应该努力坚持到底。

to continue watching or listening to the same television channel  or radio station

继续收看〔同一电视频道〕；继续收听〔同一电台广播〕

used to say that you should look or listen for more information about a particular subject at a later time

继续留意〔信息〕，继续关注〔消息〕

The project is still under discussion, so stay tuned.

方案仍在讨论之中，请继续关注。

别动！〔用于对狗的命令〕

if a judge stays an order, ruling etc, they stop a particular decision from being used or a particular action from happening

暂缓[延缓]执行命令/判决/处决等

[stay in touch](bold) at → [touch](->touch) 2 sense 4


stay

During his long stay in the south, he painted only one portrait.

Business trips may involve an overnight stay.

Our driver said goodbye and wished us a pleasant stay.

also: a stay in hospital (BrE) a stay in the hospital (AmE)

Sally is back at work after a short stay in hospital.

He could not be persuaded to extend his stay.

I met her towards the end of my stay in Los Angeles.

我在洛杉矶的逗留快要结束的时候遇见了她。

the stopping or delay of an action because a judge has ordered it

[stay of execution](bold)(=a delay in punishing someone by killing them)

a strong wire or rope used for supporting a ship’s mast

支索〔支撑船桅的钢索或绳索〕

a short piece of plastic or wire used to keep a shirt collar stiff


steadily

The company’s exports have [grown steadily](bold).

这家公司的出口额稳定增长。


steady

We're making steady progress in reducing the unemployment rate.

During the 1960s most of the Western world enjoyed steady economic growth.

The campus has benefited from a steady increase in student numbers.

The result has been a steady decline in membership.

All day long a steady stream of customers came and went.

They need a steady supply of educated workers.

He moved at a slow and steady pace through the maze of corridors.

A recent poll showed his approval rating holding steady at 53 percent.

She is making a slow but steady recovery.

continuing or developing gradually or without stopping, and not likely to change

firmly held in a particular position and not moving or shaking

稳定的，牢固的，不摇晃的

Keep the camera steady while you take a picture.

It takes [a steady hand](bold) to perform surgery.

a job or work that will definitely continue over a long period of time

It’s hard to find a steady, well-paying job.

找一份稳定、收入又高的工作很不容易。

if someone’s voice is steady, or they look at you in a steady way, they seem calm and do not stop speaking or looking at you

〔嗓音〕沉稳的，平静的；〔目光〕镇定的，沉着的，凝视的

There were tears in her eyes, but her voice was steady.

她眼里含着泪水，但声音很平静。

他无法面对康纳凝视的目光。

someone who is steady is sensible and you can depend on them

someone that you have been having a romantic relationship with for a long time

关系固定的男朋友/女朋友

a serious and strong relationship that continues for a long time


steady

[past tense and past participle](italic) [steadied](bold) [present participle](italic) [steadying](bold) [third person singular](italic) [steadies](bold)

to hold someone or something so they become more balanced or controlled, or to become more balanced or controlled

拿稳，扶稳；使稳定[稳固]

He reached the chair and steadied himself.

他伸手抓住椅子让自己站稳。

The plane steadied, and the passengers relaxed.

飞机平稳后，乘客们松了一口气。

to stop increasing or decreasing and remain about the same

The dollar has steadied after early losses on the money markets.

美元在货币市场经历早前下跌后，现在已经回稳。

to become calmer, or to make someone do this

（使）镇定，（使）变平静

Tamar took a deep breath to [steady](bold) her [nerves](bold).

塔马深吸了一口气让自己平静下来。

Jess is a steadying influence on the rest of the team.

杰斯对其他队员来说就是一颗定心丸。


steady

to have a long regular romantic relationship with someone

（与某人）有固定的恋爱关系


steady

a boyfriend or girlfriend that someone has been having a romantic relationship with


steady

used when you want to tell someone to be careful or not to cause an accident

小心点！你差点把我撞倒了。

used when you think that what someone is saying or doing is too extreme

说话当心点！注意点！〔当某人说话或行事太过分时用作提醒〕

Steady on! That bottle’s got to last all night.

悠着点，那瓶酒是要喝一晚上的。


steak

good quality beef, or a large thick piece of any good quality red meat

牛排；〔优质红肉的〕肉排

鳕鱼排/三文鱼排/金枪鱼排等

beef
       that is not of very good quality and is used in making casseroles etc

〔质量一般、用来做炖锅菜的〕牛肉


steal

[beg, borrow, or steal](bold) at → [beg](->beg) sense 8

to illegally take something that belongs to someone else

The thieves stole over £10,000 worth of computer equipment.

Thousands of cars get stolen every year.

to steal something – used when it is clear from the situation that you mean that someone takes something dishonestly

The boys broke into her house and took all her money.

They didn’t take much – just a few items of jewellery.

to go into someone’s home and steal things, especially when the owners are not there

Their house was burgled while they were away.

If you leave windows open, you are asking to be burgled.

to steal money or other things from a bank, shop, or person

The gang were convicted of robbing a bank in Essex.

An elderly woman was robbed at gunpoint in her own home.

He’s serving a sentence for robbing a grocery store.

to attack someone in the street and steal something from them

People in this area are frightened of being mugged when they go out.

Someone tried to mug me outside the station.

When I came back, my car had been pinched.

to steal money from the organization you work for, especially money that you are responsible for

Government officials embezzled more than $2.5 million from the department.

stealing things from a shop by taking them when you think no one is looking

Shoplifting costs stores millions of pounds every year.

the activity of dishonestly persuading people to give you their credit card details over the Internet, so that you can steal money from their bank account

Phishing is becoming very popular with computer criminals.

[past tense](italic) [stole](bold) /stəʊl/ US /stoʊl/ [past participle](italic) [stolen](bold) /ˈstəʊlən/ US /ˈstoʊ-/

to take something that belongs to someone else

Boys broke into a shop and stole £45 in cash.

男孩们闯进一家商店，盗走了45英镑现金。

He’d stolen the flowers from our garden.

to use someone else’s ideas without getting permission or without admitting that they are not your own ideas

剽窃，窃取（别人的观点）

Inventors know that someone is always going to try to steal their designs.

发明者知道总会有人设法窃取他们的设计。

A well-known scientist was accused of stealing ideas from his former student.

一位著名科学家被指剽窃他以前学生的观点。

to move quietly without anyone noticing you

He dressed quietly and stole out of the house.

他悄悄地穿好衣服，溜出屋子。

to do something, especially when you are acting in a play, that makes people pay more attention to you than to other people

〔尤指演戏时〕抢风头，抢戏

Elwood stole the show with a marvellous performance.

埃尔伍德的精彩表演大抢风头。

to look at someone or something quickly and secretly

to run to the next base before someone hits the ball in the sport of baseball

〔在棒垒球比赛中〕偷（垒）

to suddenly take control of the ball, puck etc when the other team had previously had control of it, for example in basketball or ice hockey

〔在篮球、冰球等运动中〕断，抢断〔球〕

Roy [steals the ball](bold) four times in the first half.

to kiss someone quickly when they are not expecting it

to gain an advantage over someone by doing something that they had planned to do before them

He was afraid another scholar was going to steal a march on him and publish first.

他担心别的学者会抢在他前面首先发表。

to get the success and praise someone else should have got, by doing what they had intended to do

偷走某人的心，使某人爱上自己


steal

an excellent seafood dish that is a steal at $8.25

一道只需8.25美元的价廉物美的海鲜

the act of suddenly taking control of the ball when the other team had previously had control of it, especially in basketball

〔尤指篮球运动中的〕断球，抢断

Johnson had ten points and a steal in the first half.

上半场约翰逊得了10分，还有一次抢断。

the act of running to the next base before someone hits the ball in the sport of baseball


steam

[full steam ahead](bold) at → [full](->full) 1 sense 18

the hot mist that water produces when it is boiled

水蒸气从热腾腾的浴缸里升起。

the mist that forms on windows, mirrors etc when warm wet air suddenly becomes cold

power that is produced by boiling water to make steam, in order to make things work or move

这些发动机是由蒸汽驱动的。

[steam engine/train/hammer etc](bold)(=an engine etc that works by steam power)

to get rid of your anger, excitement, or energy in a way that does not harm anyone by doing something active

〔以不伤害他人的方式〕发泄怒火，宣泄情绪

if an engine picks up steam, it gradually starts to go faster

if plans, beliefs etc pick up steam, they gradually become more important and more people become interested in them

〔计划、观念等〕逐渐变得重要，逐渐得到关注

The election campaign is picking up steam.

to no longer have the energy or the desire to continue doing something, especially because you are tired

〔尤指因疲劳而〕泄气，失去动力

I usually just let her yell until she runs out of steam.

我通常就任她叫喊到没有力气为止。

if you go somewhere under your own steam, you get there without help from anyone else

I’ll get to the restaurant under my own steam.

a railway system in which the trains use steam for power


steam

if something steams, steam rises from it, especially because it is hot

A pot was [steaming ](bold)on top of the cooker.

to travel somewhere in a boat or train that uses steam to produce power

我们乘汽船从一个港口到另一个港口。

杰夫急匆匆地进来，迟到了十分钟。


steel

strong metal that can be shaped easily, consisting of iron and carbon

[stainless steel](bold)(=steel that does not change colour) knives

谢菲尔德是主要的钢铁城市之一。

the ability to be brave and calm in a dangerous or difficult situation

a thin bar of steel used for making knives sharp


steel

to prepare yourself to do something that you know will be unpleasant or upsetting

使自己准备应付〔不愉快的事〕


steep

She stood at the top of the steep path leading down to the beach.

Martha led the way up the very steep stairs.

The steep sides of the valley were clothed in dense green forest.

(=a steep slope – used especially when talking about how steep something is)

The Snowdon Mountain Railway has the steepest gradient of any locomotive track in Britain.

A steep climb brought us to a wide rocky plateau.

(=a steep journey, slope, or path downwards)

the steep descent into the beautiful Farndale Valley

[comparative](italic) [steeper](bold) [superlative](italic) [steepest](bold)

a road, hill etc that is steep slopes at a high angle

〔路、山等〕陡的，陡峭的

steep prices, charges etc are unusually expensive

〔价格、收费等〕过高的，过分昂贵的

〔增加或减少〕大幅度的，急剧的


steep

be steeped in history/tradition/politics etc

有丰富的历史/有悠久的传统/浸淫政治等

to put food in a liquid and leave it there, so that it becomes soft or has the same taste as the liquid, or so that it gives the liquid its taste


steer

to control the direction a vehicle is going, for example by turning a wheel

to guide someone’s behaviour or the way a situation develops

引导，指导〔某人的行为〕；引领〔局势的发展〕

steer sb towards/away from/through etc sth

Teachers try to steer pupils away from drugs.

Helen tried to [steer the conversation](bold) away from herself.

海伦设法把话题从自己身上引开。

to be in charge of an organization, team etc and make decisions that help it to be successful, especially during a difficult time

掌管，控制；〔尤指在困难时期〕带领 …度过

McKinney steered the company through the recession.

麦金尼带领公司度过经济衰退。

to guide someone to a place, especially while touching them

带领，引导〔尤指同时用手轻触某人〕

Joel steered Don and Louise towards the backyard.

乔尔领着唐和路易丝向后院走去。

to avoid someone or something unpleasant or difficult

避开（某人/某物）；从（某人/某物）处脱身

Jo tried to steer clear of political issues.

to choose a particular way of doing something

选择某种做法，采用某种方式

Managers were allowed to steer their own course.

The government chose to [steer a middle course](bold) between the two strategies (=chose a strategy that was not extreme).

政府在这两种策略之间选择走折中路线。


steer

a young male cow whose sex organs have been removed


steering wheel

a wheel that you turn to control the direction of a car


stem

the long thin part of a plant, from which leaves, flowers, or fruit grow

the long thin part of a wine glass,vase etc, between the base and the wide top

〔葡萄酒杯、花瓶等的〕颈，柄，脚

the narrow tube of a pipe used to smoke tobacco

高脚[长茎]的/矮脚[短茎]的等

the part of a word that stays the same when different endings are added to it, for example ‘driv-’ in ‘driving’


stem

[past tense and past participle](italic) [stemmed](bold) [present participle](italic) [stemming](bold)

to stop something from happening, spreading, or developing

The measures are meant to stem the tide of illegal immigration.

这些措施旨在遏制非法移民潮。

[stem the growth/rise/decline etc](bold)

an attempt to stem the decline in profits

阻止，堵住，止住〔液体的流动〕

A tight bandage should stem the bleeding.


step

The authority will take steps to reunite the child and his family.

The move is seen as a major step forward for UK firms.

The first step in resolving conflict is to understand what the other person wants.

He met in Washington with his campaign advisers to plan his next step.

This is a small step in the right direction.

(=an action that will have a good effect)

This is a positive step which gives cause for some optimism.

(=something that is not usually done/has never been done before)

Police last night took the unusual step of releasing photographs of him.

The government is wary of taking any drastic steps that would scare off foreign investment.

We welcome the bold step taken by President Bush.

(=a small action, which is not done in a very determined way)

The Institute has taken a tentative step towards opening up its meetings to the public.

She felt she had an aptitude for medicine. Her next logical step would be to begin studying when the summer was over.

We believe immediate steps could be taken to generate jobs.

They must take reasonable steps to ensure that this information is available to those who might benefit.

We must be sure that we are taking the necessary steps to prevent the problem from getting a foothold here.

The declaration which we have just signed is a big step forward for both of our nations.

A rationing system would be a major step backwards.

(=an action that helps to improve things)

Environmentalists said the law was a step in the right direction.

the movement you make when you put one foot in front of or behind the other when walking

He [took](bold) one [step](bold) and fell.

Tom took a step back and held the door open.

汤姆后退一步，把门撑开着。

I had to [retrace my steps](bold)(=go back the way I came) several times before I found the shop.

我来回走了几次才找到那家商店。

one of a series of things that you do in order to deal with a problem or to succeed

〔一系列行动中的〕步骤，措施

This is the first step in reforming the welfare system.

这是福利制度改革的第一步。

The president took immediate steps to stop the fighting.

总统立即采取措施阻止战斗。

a stage in a process, or a position on a scale

Each book goes up one step in difficulty.

每本书的难度都加深一级。

Record your result, and go on to step 3.

把你的成绩记录下来，再接着进入步骤三。

Drug companies influence the scientific process [every step of the way](bold)(=during every stage).

制药公司影响着科研过程的每一步。

Describe [step by step](bold)(=describing each stage) how you went about achieving your goal.

请你一步步来描述你是如何实现目标的。

Moving to Cottage Grove represented a definite [step up](bold)(=something that is better than you had before) for my parents.

搬到卡蒂奇格罗夫对我父母来说绝对意味着一个改善。

He saw the job as a [step down](bold)(=something that is worse than he had before).

他认为那份工作降了一个档次。

a flat narrow piece of wood or stone, especially one in a series, that you put your foot on when you are going up or down, especially outside a building

〔尤指建筑物外的〕梯级，台阶

Jenny sat on the step in front of the house, waiting.

珍妮坐在房前的台阶上等着。

He [climbed](bold) the wooden [steps](bold) and rang the bell.

他爬上木楼梯，按响门铃。

a [flight of](bold)(=set of) broad stone [steps](bold)

the short distance you move when you take a step while walking

罗伊站在只有几步之遥的地方。

the sound you make when you put your foot down while walking

having ideas or actions that are like those of other people

〔与他人的观点或行为〕一致，相同

他和普通选民步调不一致。

moving your feet so that your right foot goes forward at the same time as people you are walking with

having ideas or actions that are different from those of other people

〔与他人的观点或行为〕不一致，不合拍

This type of training is out of step with changes in the industry.

这种培训和该行业的变化不同步。

moving your feet in a different way from people you are walking with

to be careful about what you say or how you behave

You’d better watch your step – he’s the boss here.

你最好注意自己的言行——他是这里的老板。

走路当心——栏杆松动了。

to start walking beside someone at the same speed as them

玛吉在她身边和她齐步并行。

to start thinking or doing the same as other people

〔与他人的观点或行为〕开始保持一致[相同]

The administration has fallen into step with its European allies on this issue.

在这个问题上，政府已与其欧洲各盟国步调一致。

to be better prepared for something or know more about something than someone else

（比某人）领先一步，（比某人）准备更充分[了解更多]

A good teacher is always at least one step ahead of his students.

好老师总是比他的学生至少先行一步。

to manage not to be caught by someone who is trying to find or catch you

成功地躲避（想要找到或抓到你的人）

the way someone walks, which often tells you how they are feeling

a type of exercise you do by walking onto and off a flat piece of equipment around 15–30 centimetres  high

the difference in pitch between two musical notes that are separated by one key on the piano


step

step down
step forward
step in
step into
step out
step up

[step into the breach](bold) at → [breach](->breach) 1 sense 7

[past tense and past participle](italic) [stepped](bold) [present participle](italic) [stepping](bold)

to raise one foot and put it down in front of or behind the other one in order to walk or move

Mr Ives? Please [step this way](bold)(=walk in the direction I am showing you).

是艾夫斯先生吗？请这边走。

to offend or upset someone, especially by trying to do their work

〔尤因插手他人工作〕激怒[冒犯]某人

I’m not worried about stepping on anybody’s toes.

to behave badly by breaking rules or disobeying orders

行为出轨；违反规矩[命令]

(also: [step on the gas](bold) ([AmE](bold)) )


stepfather

a man who is married to your mother but who is not your father


stepmother

a woman who is married to your father but who is not your mother


stereotype

[stereotypical](bold) /ˌsteriəˈtɪpɪk/ US /ˌster-, ˌstɪr-/  adj. eg: the stereotypical Californian – tall, fit, and tanned

The novel has been criticized for reinforcing racial stereotypes.

His jokes often depend on cultural stereotypes.

Such cartoons show how persistent national stereotypes are.

Feminists justifiably object to these sexual stereotypes.

Many people still believe that old stereotype.

Current evidence indicates that older people are more healthy than popular stereotypes suggest.

We should avoid negative stereotypes regarding the performance of older workers.

He doesn’t fit the stereotype of a Stanford student.

(=make a stereotype stronger by showing or describing someone in the usual way)

Charities for older people must be careful not to reinforce harmful stereotypes.

(=be different from the usual idea of something)

These young women want to challenge gender stereotypes.

a belief or idea of what a particular type of person or thing is like. Stereotypes are often unfair or untrue

模式化的思想；老一套；旧框框

women who don’t [fit the stereotype](bold) of the good mother

不符合人们心目中好母亲形象的女性


stereotype

to decide unfairly that a type of person has particular qualities or abilities because they belong to a particular race, sex, or social class

对 …存有成见；把 …模式化

Homeless people are stereotyped as alcoholics or addicts.

无家可归者在人们心目中不是酗酒就是吸毒。

[Stereotype](bold)  is often used in the passive.


stern

serious and strict, and showing strong disapproval of someone’s behaviour

对毒品犯罪的更为严厉的惩罚

His actions have earned him stern rebukes from human rights organizations.

to have a strong character and be more determined than other people to succeed in a difficult situation

〔遇到困难时〕具有坚强的性格，有更加坚定的决心

Ann, made of sterner stuff than I, refused all offers of help.

安比我性格坚强，她拒绝一切帮助。


stew

a hot meal made by cooking meat and vegetables slowly in liquid for a long time

confused or worried about a difficult situation you are in

〔为困境而〕困惑的，焦虑的


stew

(also: [let sb stew in their own juice](bold) )

to leave someone to suffer the unpleasant results of their own actions instead of helping them

Let him stew – I'm not going to help him.

就让他自作自受——我才不会去帮他呢。


stick

stick around
stick at
stick by
stick out
stick out for
stick to
stick together
stick up
stick up for
stick with

→ [stuck](->stuck) 1 [stick/poke your nose into sth](bold) at → [nose](->nose) 1 sense 3

[past tense and past participle](italic) [stuck](bold) /stʌk/

to attach something to something else using a substance, or to become attached to a surface

Someone had stuck posters all over the walls.

I could feel my shirt sticking to my back.

我能感觉到衬衫贴在了背上。

The oil keeps the pasta from sticking together.

油可避免意大利面粘在一起。

if a pointed object sticks into something, or if you stick it there, it is pushed into it

小男孩把手指戳到鼻孔里。

to put something somewhere quickly and without much care

〔迅速而随意地〕摆放，放置

Just stick it in the microwave for a few minutes.

把它放进微波炉里加热几分钟就行。

The cards had been stuck through the letterbox.

if you stick a part of your body somewhere, you put it in a position where other people can see it

Clara stuck her head around the door to see who was there.

克拉拉从门后探出头来看看是谁。

Don’t [stick](bold) your [tongue out](bold). It’s rude!

if something sticks, it becomes fixed in one position and is difficult to move

The wheels [stuck fast](bold)(=stuck completely) in the mud.

if something sticks in your mind, you remember it well because it is unusual or interesting

〔因不同寻常或有趣而〕深深留在某人的脑海里，令某人记忆犹新

It’s the kind of name that sticks in your mind.

那是你听过就不会忘记的那种名字。

Is there enough evidence to [make](bold) the [charges stick](bold)?

有足够的证据证明这些指控成立吗？

The government has succeeded in making this policy stick.

政府成功地使这项政策确定下来。

if a name that someone has invented sticks, people continue using it

One newspaper dubbed him ‘Eddie the Eagle’, and the name stuck.

一家报纸戏称他为“老雕埃迪”，这个绰号就被叫开了。

used to say angrily that you do not want what someone is offering you

某人自己留着某事物吧〔用于生气地表示自己不想要某人所给的东西〕

我叫他们还是自己留着那份工作吧。

to continue to accept a situation or person, even though you do not like them

I [can’t stick](bold) mum’s new boyfriend.

Gerry can’t stick working for Featherstone’s any longer.

格里再也无法忍受继续为费瑟斯通家工作了。

我不知道你是怎么忍下来的。

if a situation or someone’s behaviour sticks in your throat, it is so annoying that you cannot accept it

〔某种处境或某人的行为〕使某人难以接受

她的批评我实在无法接受。

if words stick in your throat, you are unable to say them because you are afraid or upset

〔因害怕或生气〕使某人难以启齿[说不出口]

food that sticks to your ribs is very satisfying, so you are not hungry after you have eaten


stick

[carrot and stick](bold) at → [carrot](->carrot) sense 3

a long thin piece of wood from a tree, which is no longer attached to the tree

They collected sticks to start the fire.

a long thin piece of wood, plastic etc that you use for a particular purpose

〔有特殊用途的〕棍，签，条，槌

Aunt Lou [walks with a stick](bold)(=uses a stick to help her walk).

a long, specially shaped piece of wood, plastic etc that you use in some sports to hit a ball

get (hold of) the wrong end of the stick

to understand a situation in completely the wrong way

People who think the song is about drugs have got the wrong end of the stick.

有人认为这首歌是关于毒品的，这些人完全误解了。

something that can be used as a reason for criticizing someone

These tests will just give politicians yet another stick to beat the teachers with.

这些测试又会给政客们一个攻击教师的借口。

〔汽车的〕变速杆，换挡杆

to start doing something you should be doing

if you give someone stick, you criticize them for something they have done

if you up sticks, you move to a different area


sticker

a small piece of paper or plastic with a picture or writing on it that you can stick on to something

〔有图或文字的〕粘贴标签，贴纸

学习好的孩子可以得到贴纸。

[bumper sticker](bold)(=a sticker on the back of a car)


sticky

[comparative](italic) [stickier](bold) [superlative](italic) [stickiest](bold)

made of or covered with a substance that sticks to surfaces

There’s some [sticky stuff](bold) in your hair.

你的头发上有什么黏糊糊的东西。

[sticky tape/label etc](bold) BrE(=tape etc that is made so it will stick to surfaces)

weather that is sticky makes you feel uncomfortably hot, wet, and dirty

It was [hot and sticky](bold) and there was nowhere to sit.

天气闷热潮湿，连个坐的地方都找不到。

a sticky situation, question, or problem is difficult or dangerous

〔处境、问题等〕难办的，棘手的

The business hit a sticky patch and lost £4.8 million.

这家企业遇到麻烦，损失了480万英镑。

a website that is sticky is interesting to the people looking at it and makes them want to look at it for a long period of time

〔网站〕吸引人的，人气旺的

好偷东西的，有偷东西习惯的

to be in a situation that will cause problems for you

处于困难的境遇，处于不利的形势


stiff

[comparative](italic) [stiffer](bold) [superlative](italic) [stiffest](bold)

if someone or a part of their body is stiff, their muscles hurt and it is difficult for them to move

阿拉斯泰尔醒来时感到颈部发僵。

I never [felt stiff](bold) after training until I was in my thirties.

三十岁之前，我训练后从不会感到身体发僵。

The next morning I was [as stiff as a board](bold)(=very stiff).

第二天早上，我感到浑身僵直。

a stiff mixture is thick and almost solid, so that it is not easy to mix

Graduates face stiff competition in getting jobs.

大学毕业生面临激烈的求职竞争。

要求对强奸犯处以更严厉刑罚的呼吁

难移动的；难转动的；难打开的

使劲拉——那个抽屉很紧。

if someone’s behaviour is stiff, they behave in a very formal or unfriendly way

Their goodbyes were [stiff and formal](bold).

Parsons gave a stiff performance in the main role.

帕森斯把主要角色演得很生硬。

a stiff price etc is high, especially higher than the price etc of similar things

the ability to stay calm and not show your feelings in a difficult or upsetting situation

〔面对困难时〕沉着坚强，不动声色

Men were taught to [keep a stiff upper lip](bold).


stiff

As a child, I was scared stiff of going down to the cellar.

小时候，我非常害怕到地下室去。

cloth that is frozen stiff is hard because the water in it has frozen


stiff

an ordinary person who works to earn enough money to live

〔依靠劳动挣钱谋生的〕普通工人

someone who you think is old-fashioned and too formal

His business tactics outraged the stiffs of the UK establishment.

他的经营策略激怒了英国当权派中的老古板。


stiff

to cheat someone by not paying them, especially by not leaving a tip in a restaurant

不付钱给 …；〔尤指〕不给 …小费

我不敢相信那对夫妇竟然不给我小费！

if a new product, film, show etc stiffs, it does not sell well or fails completely

〔新产品、电影、节目等〕不畅销，彻底失败

They had a hit in the 1990s, but their subsequent releases stiffed.

20世纪90年代时他们出过一张热门唱片，但后来的却不畅销。


stigma

a strong feeling in society that being in a particular situation or having a particular illness is something to be ashamed of

耻辱，羞辱，见不得人的感觉

[the stigma of alcoholism/mental illness etc](bold)

The stigma of alcoholism makes it difficult to treat.

酗酒的恶名令其很难治愈。

There is a social [stigma attached to](bold) single parenthood.

单身父母在社会上的名声不光彩。

In the US, smoking [carries](bold) a [stigma](bold).

在美国，吸烟是不光彩的。

the top of the centre part of a flower that receives the pollen which allows it to form new seeds


still

used when saying that something continues to be the same as before, or has not happened yet

你还留着朱莉的电话号码吗？

I still haven’t finished painting the spare room.

我还没粉刷完那间空房间。

[Still ](bold)  comes before a main verb: The system [still ](bold)works. I [still](bold) love you.

[Still](bold)  comes after ‘am’,‘ is’, ‘was’ etc: I’m [still ](bold)angry. It was [still](bold) dark outside. She is [still](bold) not ready.

[Still](bold)  can come before the verb ‘be’ when it is part of a contraction such as ‘isn’t’ or ‘wasn’t’: She [still](bold) isn’t ready.

[Still](bold)  comes after the first auxiliary verb in positive sentences: I can [still ](bold)remember them. The marks can [still ](bold)be seen.

[Still](bold)  comes before the first auxiliary verb in negative sentences: I [still ](bold)can’t remember his name. We [still ](bold) do not know exactly what happened.

in spite of what has just been said or done

虽然如此，尽管那样，然而

Clare didn’t do much work, but she still passed the exam.

克莱尔虽然不怎么学习，但她还是通过了考试。

The hotel was terrible. Still, we were lucky with the weather.

酒店很糟糕，然而我们有幸遇上了好天气。

used to emphasize that something increases more, there is more of something etc

还有更多/更进一步/另外一个/别的〔用于强调〕

(also: [still better/harder/worse etc](bold) )

even better, harder etc than something else

Dan found biology difficult, and physics harder still.

丹觉得生物很难，物理更难。


still

[stillness](bold) n. <U> eg: Somewhere in the [stillness of the night](bold), an owl hooted.

We [stood still](bold) and watched as the deer came closer.

我们一动不动地站着，看那头鹿走近。

[Keep still](bold) while I tie your shoe.

〔饮料〕无气的，不含气的

used to say that someone who is quiet may have very strong feelings or a lot of knowledge

静水流深〔指沉默寡言者可能有强烈的情感或丰富的知识〕


still

〔电影的〕剧照，定格画面

a piece of equipment for making alcoholic drinks from grain or potatoes


still

to stop moving, or make something stop moving

The ground beneath them trembled, then stilled.

他们脚下的大地开始颤抖，然后平静了下来。

if a noise stills or is stilled, it stops

（使）〔噪声〕停止，（使）静下来

He stilled their protests with a wave of his hands.

他挥手让他们的抗议声平静下来。

if a doubt or fear is stilled, it becomes weaker or goes away

〔疑虑或恐惧〕减轻，消除


stimulate

[stimulative](bold) /-lətɪv/ US /-leɪtɪv/  adj.

[stimulation](bold) /ˌstɪmjəˈleɪʃ/  n. <U> eg: Children need variety and stimulation.

to encourage or help an activity to begin or develop further

[stimulate growth/demand/the economy etc](bold)

the president’s plan to stimulate economic growth

to encourage someone by making them excited about and interested in something

Her [interest](bold) in art was [stimulated](bold) by her father.

她对艺术的兴趣是她父亲激发的。

An inspiring teacher can stimulate students to succeed.

一位具启发能力的教师能够激励学生取得成功。

to make a plant or part of the body become active or stronger


stimulating

使人兴奋的；饶有趣味的；充满新思想的

→see THESAURUS at [interesting](->interesting)

a stimulating discussion of world politics

关于世界政治趣味盎然的讨论

the [stimulating effects](bold) of coffee and tea


stimulus

something that helps a process to develop more quickly or more strongly

Tax cuts provided the stimulus which the slow economy needed.

减税为不景气的经济带来了其所需的刺激。

The discovery of oil acted as a stimulus to industrial development.

石油的发现对工业发展是一个促进因素。

something that makes someone or something move or react

〔使人或物产生反应的〕刺激，刺激物

At this age, the infant begins to react more to visual stimuli.

到了这个年龄段，婴儿开始对视觉刺激有了更多的反应。


sting

[past tense and past participle](italic) [stung](bold) /stʌŋ/

if an insect or a plant stings you, it makes a very small hole in your skin and you feel a sharp pain because of a poisonous substance

→ A bee, wasp, scorpion, or plant can [sting](bold) you. For a mosquito or snake, use [bite](bold).

to make something hurt with a sudden sharp pain, or to hurt like this

（使）刺痛，（使）产生〔短时〕剧痛

切洋葱会让我的眼睛感到刺痛。

if you are stung by a remark, it makes you feel upset

她恶语相加刺激他采取了行动。

[Sting](bold)  is usually passive in this meaning, when used as a transitive verb.


sting

a wound or mark made when an insect or plant stings you

the sharp needle-shaped part of an insect’s or animal’s body, with which it stings you

a sharp pain in your eyes or skin, caused by being hit, by smoke etc

She felt the sting of tears in her eyes.

if a story, event, or announcement has a sting in its tail, there is an unpleasant part at the end of it

〔指故事、事件、声明等的〕使人不快的结尾

the upsetting or bad effect of a situation

〔某种情况造成的〕不快，痛苦感受

[take the sting out of sth](bold)(=make something less unpleasant or painful)

She smiled to take the sting out of her words.

她微笑着，使自己的话不至于那么伤人。

a clever way of catching criminals in which the police secretly pretend to be criminals themselves

〔警察假扮罪犯以诱捕犯罪分子的〕圈套


stink

[past tense](italic) [stank](bold) /stæŋk/ [past participle](italic) [stunk](bold) /stʌŋk/

to have a strong and very unpleasant smell

The toilets [stank to high heaven](bold)(=stank very much).

used to say that something is bad, unfair, dishonest etc

整个司法系统都腐败透了。


stink

Activists have raised a stink about the shipments of nuclear waste.

活动人士就运送的几批核废物大做文章。

to work etc as fast and as well as you can

We had to work like stink to meet the deadline.

我们不得不拼命地赶工期。


stipulate

if an agreement, law, or rule stipulates something, it must be done

〔协议、法律、规则等〕规定，约定

Laws stipulate the maximum interest rate that banks can charge.

法律对银行可以收取的最高利率作了规定。

The regulations stipulate that everything has to comply to the relevant safety standards.

条例规定凡事都要遵守相关的安全规范。


stir

[past tense and past participle](italic) [stirred](bold) [present participle](italic) [stirring](bold)

to move a liquid or substance around with a spoon or stick in order to mix it together

Stir the paint to make sure it is smooth.

She stirred her coffee with a plastic spoon.

Stir a cup of cooked brown rice into the mixture.

在混合料中拌入一杯煮过的糙米饭。

to move slightly, or to make something move slightly

（使）轻轻地移动[挪动]

The crowd began to stir as they waited for the band to start.

在等待乐队开始演奏时，人群骚动起来。

He hadn’t stirred from his chair all morning.

他一上午都没离开过自己的椅子。

to make someone have a strong feeling or reaction

激发，激起〔强烈的感情〕；引起〔强烈的反应〕

Looking at the photographs stirred childhood memories of the long hot summers.

看着那些照片，对儿时那漫漫炎夏的回忆涌上心头。

The poem succeeds in [stirring the imagination](bold).

这首诗能够激发起想象力。

if a feeling stirs in you, you begin to feel it

激动的情绪在她内心涌动。

激发，激励〔某人做某事〕

The incident stirred students to protest.

这一事件激起了学生的抗议。

to cause trouble between people by spreading false or secret information

〔通过散布谣言或秘密〕搬弄是非，挑拨


stir

激动（情绪）；愤怒（情绪）

Plans for the motorway caused quite a stir among locals.

建造高速公路的计划在当地居民中激起了相当大的愤怒情绪。

[Give](bold) that pan a [stir](bold), will you?

把那锅东西搅一搅，好吗？


stitch

a short piece of thread that has been sewn into a piece of cloth, or the action of the thread going into and out of the cloth

a piece of special thread which has been used to sew the edges of a wound together

He had to have ten stitches in his head.

a sharp pain in the side of your body, which you can get by running or laughing a lot

〔跑步或大笑引起的胁部的〕剧痛

a small circle of wool that is formed around a needle when you are knitting

[drop a stitch](bold)(=lose a stitch because the wool has come off the needle)

a particular way of sewing or knitting that makes a particular pattern

Purl and plain are the two main stitches in knitting.

反针和平针是编织中的两种主要织法。

[have/keep sb in stitches](bold)(=make someone laugh)

她的笑话让我们大家笑破了肚皮。

used to say that it is better to deal with problems early than to wait until they get worse

一针及时，可省九针；及时处理，事半功倍


stitch

to sew two pieces of cloth together, or to sew a decoration onto a piece of cloth

The jersey has his name stitched across the back.

运动衫的后背缝着他的名字。


stock

a supply of a particular type of thing that a shop has available to sell

We have a huge stock of quality carpets on sale.

我们备有大量优质地毯出售。

[out of stock/in stock](bold)(=unavailable or available in a particular shop)

I’m sorry, that swimsuit is completely out of stock in your size.

对不起，那款泳衣你的尺寸缺货。

the total value of all of a company’s shares

the total amount of something that is available to be used in a particular area

可供利用的数量，总储备量

Cod stocks in the North Atlantic have dropped radically.

北大西洋中鳕鱼的总量已大幅下降。

a supply of something that you keep and can use when you need to

He keeps a stock of medicines in the cupboard.

他在柜子里存放了一些备用药品。

The country has been [building up](bold) its [stock](bold) of weapons.

这个国家一直在增加武器储备。

to think carefully about the things that have happened in a situation in order to decide what to do next

（对某事情）作出估计[判断]，估量

While in hospital, Jeremy took stock of his life.

杰里米住院期间思考了他的人生。

a liquid made by boiling meat or bones and vegetables, which is used to make soups or to add flavour to other dishes

高汤，原汤〔如肉汤、骨头汤等〕

the part of a gun that you hold or put against your shoulder, usually made of wood

a wooden structure in a public place to which criminals were fastened by their feet or hands in the past

足枷，手枷〔旧时一种木制的刑具〕

a wooden structure in which a ship is held while it is being built

if someone’s stock is high or low, they are very popular or very unpopular

某人很受人/不受人喜爱；某人的声望高/低

Simon’s stock is high in the network news business.

西蒙在网络新闻行业中声望很高。

the jokes, knowledge etc that someone knows or has

〔某人所知道的〕一堆笑话/一套知识/〔某人所拥有的〕一股勇气等

John seems to have an inexhaustible stock of funny stories.

约翰似乎有讲不完的滑稽故事。

be of Scottish/Protestant/good etc stock

to belong to a family that in the past lived in Scotland, were Protestants, were respected etc

出身于苏格兰/新教徒/良好的等家庭[家族]

a plant with pink, white, or light purple flowers and a sweet smell

a thick part of a stem onto which another plant can be added so that the two plants grow together


stock

if a shop stocks a particular product, it keeps a supply of it to sell

〔商店为销售而〕存有〔货物〕，备有

We stock a wide range of kitchen equipment.

to fill something with a supply of something

Our refrigerator at college was always stocked with beer.


stock

an excuse etc that people often say or use, especially when they cannot think of anything more interesting or original – used to show disapproval

老一套的借口/问题/评论等〔含贬义〕

something that is available in a shop and does not have to be ordered

〔商店里〕常备的[库存的]商品/尺寸


stock market

the business of buying and selling stocks  and shares

a place where stocks  and shares  are bought and sold


stomach

A lot of these children don't know what it is like to have a full stomach.

It was 11 o'clock, and my stomach was empty.

Debbie was at home because she had an upset stomach.

(=an illness you have caught that affects your stomach)

(=when your stomach is affected by illness)

The boy had a stomach upset after eating berries from the garden.

Too much stress can cause stomach ulcers.

She was diagnosed with stomach cancer last year.

(=it makes a noise because they are hungry)

(=they feel sick because they are nervous or frightened)

(=it suddenly feels tight because they are frightened)

Her stomach lurched at the thought of leaving Millfield.

The doctor gave me some tablets to settle my stomach.

the organ inside your body where food begins to be digested

the front part of your body, below your chest

He turned round and punched Carlos in the stomach.

他转过身一拳打在卡洛斯的腹部。

You shouldn’t take the pills on an empty stomach.

你不可以空腹吃这些药片。

使某人感到恶心，令某人反胃

The sight of the slaughtered cow turned my stomach.

看到被宰杀的牛我感到恶心。

to have no desire to do something difficult, upsetting, or frightening

to be able to see or do things that are unpleasant without feeling sick or upset

Don’t go and see this film unless you have a strong stomach.

如果没有很强的承受力就不要去看这部电影。


stomach

[v](bold) <[T usually in negatives](bold)>

to be able to accept something, especially something unpleasant

A 26% water rate increase is more than most residents [can stomach](bold).

水费涨26%让大多数居民无法接受。

Rob found Cathy’s attitude hard to stomach.

罗布觉得凯茜的态度让他受不了。

I’ve never been able to stomach seafood.


stomachache

pain in your stomach or near your stomach

He said he had a stomachache and didn't want to go to school.

pain or uncomfortable feelings that you get when your stomach cannot break down food that you have eaten

She frequently suffered from indigestion.

If I eat onions, they give me indigestion.

a stomach illness caused by eating food that contains harmful bacteria, so that you vomit

I got food poisoning while I was on holiday and had to spend the day in bed.

Two of the customers has to be taken to hospital with suspected food poisoning.

the feeling that you have when you think you are going to vomit

A feeling of nausea suddenly came over me.

the condition of having difficulty in getting rid of solid waste from your body

an illness in which waste from the bowels is watery and comes out often

The main symptoms are diarrhoea and vomiting.

Some dairy products can cause diarrhoea.


stone

a small piece of rock of any shape, found on the ground

A handful of protesters began throwing stones at the police.

有几个抗议者开始朝警察投掷石块。

the large hard part at the centre of some fruits, such as a peach or cherry, which contains the seed

a ball of hard material that can form in organs such as your bladder or kidneys

〔膀胱或肾脏等器官中的〕结石

a British unit for measuring weight, equal to 14 pounds or 6.35 kilograms

英石〔英国的重量单位，等于14磅或6.35千克〕

a stone’s throw from sth/away (from sth)

The hotel is only a stone’s throw from the beach.

to not show any emotions or pity for someone

冷酷无情，有一副铁石心肠

used to say an idea or plan could change

〔想法、计划等〕并非不可更改

John has several new ideas for the show, but nothing is etched in stone yet.

约翰对这个节目有一些新的构想，但现在还什么都没定。

to do everything you can in order to find something or to solve a problem

Jarvis left no stone unturned in his search to find the ring.

贾维斯千方百计寻找那枚戒指。


stone

向 …扔石头，用石头掷击

Rioters blocked roads and stoned vehicles.

暴徒们堵住道路，并朝汽车投掷石块。

to kill someone by throwing stones at them, used as a punishment

用石头砸死某人〔作为惩罚〕

我的妈呀！〔用于表示惊讶或震惊〕


stool

a seat that has three or four legs, but no back or arms


stop

stop back
stop by
stop in
stop off
stop out
stop over
stop up

If you [stop doing](bold)  something, you do not continue doing it: Stop writing and put your pens down.
Don’t say: [Stop to write and put your pens down.](strike)

If you [stop to do](bold)  something, you stop moving or stop what you are doing for a short time, in order to do something else: She stopped to look at the map.

[Stop](bold)  belongs to a group of verbs where the same noun can be the subject of the verb or its object.

You can say: He stopped the car.  In this sentence, ‘the car’ is the object of [stop](bold) .

You can also say: The car stopped.  In this sentence, ‘the car’ is the subject of [stop](bold) .

She needs to quit complaining about her life.

to stop doing something, especially something that you have been doing for a long time

I’ve given up trying to tell my son to clean his room.

to stop doing something, especially because you feel tired or annoyed

Sometimes I feel like packing in my job and starting again somewhere else.

Pack it in, will you!used when telling someone to stop doing something, because they are annoying you

to stop taking part in something that you have agreed to take part in

The unions have pulled out of the negotiations.

The US decided to pull out of the competition.

The company has decided to cease production of its film cameras.

The US government ceased talks with North Korea.

to stop speaking or doing something for a short time before starting again

He paused for a moment to consider the question.

‘I think it’s going to rain,’ she said, pausing to look up at the sky.

to stop working, studying, or driving for a short time in order to rest

Okay, everyone. Take a ten-minute break.

If you’re feeling tired, you should have a break.

to stop working, studying etc in order to rest or eat something – used about a group of people who are doing something together

After a couple of hours the committee broke for lunch.

to stop – used about something that has continued for a long time

to gradually stop – used about a pain, a feeling, or the effects of something

The excitement was beginning to wear off.

The anaesthetic took a long time to wear off.

The campaign petered out after only a few weeks.

The bus stops right in front of the hotel.

to move more slowly and then stop – used about a vehicle

The train slowly came to a halt just outside the station.

The plane came to a halt less than twenty yards away from the limousines.

to move to the side of the road and stop – used about a vehicle or its driver

The bus pulled over to the side of the road, with smoke coming out of its engine.

The police officer was waving at him to pull over.

to stop close to something – used about a vehicle or its driver

to go slower and then stop moving completely

The road was blocked by an accident, and the traffic quickly came to a standstill.

[past tense and past participle](italic) [stopped](bold) [present participle](italic) [stopping](bold)

to not continue, or to make someone or something not continue

The doctor advised me to stop the medication.

People are fighting to stop the destruction of the rain forests.

人们正在努力阻止热带雨林受到破坏。

if you stop doing something, you do not continue to do it

I’ve been smoking for over ten years, and I can’t stop.

我抽了十多年的烟，戒不掉。

[stop it/that](bold)(=stop doing something annoying)

Right, [stop what you’re doing](bold) and come over here.

喂，你们停下手头的事，到这里来。

to prevent someone from doing something or something from happening

The government tried to stop publication of the book.

我现在就要走了，你阻止不了我。

Lay the carpet on paper to stop it sticking to the floor.

把地毯铺在纸上，以免粘住地板。

The rain didn’t stop us from enjoying the trip.

那场雨没有妨碍我们享受旅行的乐趣。

She grabbed the rail to stop herself from falling.

[there’s nothing to stop sb (from) doing sth](bold)

There’s nothing to stop you applying for the job yourself.

你完全可以自己去申请这份工作。

他一看到露丝，便突然停住了。

I was worried that the security guards would stop us at the gate.

我担心警卫会把我们挡在门口。

一辆汽车在我们后面停了下来。

[stop dead/short/in your tracks](bold)(=stop walking suddenly)

Sally saw the ambulance and stopped short.

萨莉看到救护车，就一下子停住了脚步。

[stop on a dime](bold) AmE(=stop very quickly – used about cars)

to not walk, move, or travel anymore, or to make someone or something do this

to pause in an activity, journey etc in order to do something before you continue

我们在回家的路上停下来喝了一杯。

It’s time we stopped to think about our next move.

我们该停下来想一想下一步的行动了。

to stay somewhere for a short time, especially at someone’s house

〔尤指在某人家里〕逗留，短时间停留

我不坐了，我不打算逗留。

to be ready to do anything to achieve something that you want to achieve

（做某事）尽最大努力；不择手段

We will stop at nothing to save our child.

我们要尽一切努力救我们的孩子。

to decide that you are not willing to do something wrong or dangerous, though you will do something similar that is less dangerous

决定不做，不愿做〔错误或危险的事情〕

The US government supported sanctions but stopped short of military action.

美国政府支持制裁，但不愿采取军事行动。

if you stop an amount of money, you prevent it from being paid to someone

£200 will be stopped from your wages next month to pay for the damage.

下个月将从你的工资里扣除200英镑赔偿损失。

I phoned the bank and asked them to [stop](bold) the [cheque](bold)(=not pay a cheque that I had written).

我打电话到银行要求他们止付那张支票。

My mother called the bank to [stop payment](bold) on the check.

我母亲给银行打电话要求止付那张支票。

to block a hole or pipe so that water, smoke etc cannot go through it


stop

if a vehicle comes to a stop, it stops moving

〔汽车〕停下/翻滚着停下/猛的一颠停下/打着滑停下等

The bus came to a stop outside the school.

公共汽车在学校外面停了下来。

if an activity comes to a stop, it stops happening

Work on the project has come to a stop because of lack of funding.

由于缺乏资金，这个项目已经停工。

使某物停下来；使某事结束

David brought the truck to a shuddering stop.

随着一阵剧烈抖动，戴维刹住了卡车。

The UN is trying to bring the war to a stop.

联合国试图结束这场战争。

a time or place when you stop during a journey for a short time

We’ll [make](bold) a [stop](bold) at the foot of the hill.

我们中途将在山脚下停留。

The trip includes an [overnight stop](bold) in London.

这次旅行包括在伦敦停留一夜。

a place where a bus or train regularly stops for people to get on and off

你在这一站下车，对不对？

to prevent something from continuing or happening

The government is determined to put a stop to the demonstrations.

to do everything you possibly can to make something happen and succeed

The hospital staff pulled out all the stops to make sure the children had a wonderful day.

医院员工竭尽全力确保孩子们能过上愉快的一天。

the action or fact of telling your bank not to pay an amount of money to someone

I [put a stop on](bold) that check to the store.

我让银行止付给商店的那张支票。

a handle that you push in or out on an organ to control the amount of sound it produces

a consonant sound, like /p/ or /k/, that you make by stopping the flow of air completely and then suddenly letting it out of your mouth

塞音〔如/p/、/k/〕


storage

the process of keeping or putting something in a special place while it is not being used

[storage space/capacity](bold)(=space etc for keeping things in)

They moved to a house with lots of storage space.

他们搬到了一栋有很大贮存空间的房子里。

when you pay to keep furniture or other goods in a special place until you need to use them

我把我的一些东西存放起来。

the way that information is kept on a computer


store

a place where goods are sold to the public. In British English, a store is large and sells many different things, but in American English, a store can be large or small, and sell many things or only one type of thing.

在圣诞节期间，商店营业到很晚。

[shoe/clothing/grocery etc store](bold) AmE(=one that sells one type of goods)

She worked in a grocery store before going to college.

她读大学前在一家杂货店打工。

[go to the store](bold) AmE(=go to a store that sells food)

I need to go to the store for some milk.

→ [chain store](->chain store) → [department store](->department store) → [general store](->general store)

a supply of something that you keep to use later

fat stores in the body (=that your body keeps)

a large building in which goods are kept so they can be used or sold later

if something unexpected such as a surprise or problem is in store for someone, it is about to happen to them

将要发生（在某人身上），就要出现（在某人身上）

There’s a real treat in store for you this Christmas!

今年圣诞节有好事等着你呢！

As we left, I wondered what the future [held in store](bold).

当我们离开时，我在想未来会怎样。

supplies of food and equipment that are used by an army, navy etc

the building or room in an army camp, ship etc where these are kept

〔军营中或轮船上等的〕补给品仓库

Patrick has never set much store by material things.

帕特里克对物质的东西向来不是很看重。


store

to put things away and keep them until you need them

Squirrels are storing up nuts for the winter.

松鼠正在为过冬贮存坚果。

to keep facts or information in your brain or a computer

〔在头脑或计算机中〕储存〔事实或信息〕

Standard letters can be stored on floppy discs.

to behave in a way that will cause trouble for you later

Smokers may be storing up disease for their unborn children.

吸烟者可能会给自己未出生的子女带来疾病。


storey

([BrE](special)) AmE story  [n](bold) <[C](bold)>

a staircase leads to the [upper storey](bold)

有一段楼梯通往上面一层。

[two-storey/five-storey etc](bold)(=having two etc storeys)


storm

a period of very bad weather when there is a lot of rain or snow, strong winds, and often  lightning

They got caught in a storm on top of the mountain.

The storm hit the coast of Florida on Tuesday.

The cost of repairing storm damage will run into millions of pounds.

a storm in which there is a lot of loud noise in the sky and flashes of light in the sky

When I was young I was terrified of thunderstorms.

a storm that has very strong fast winds and that moves over water – used about storms in the North Atlantic Ocean

Hurricane Katrina battered the US Gulf Coast.

a very violent tropical storm – used about storms in the Western Pacific Ocean

A powerful typhoon hit southern China today.

Weather experts are monitoring typhoons in Hong Kong and China.

a severe storm affecting a large area, in which the wind moves around in a big circle

Thousands of people died when a tropical cyclone hit Bangladesh.

Cyclone ‘Joy’ inflicted damage estimated at $40 million, with winds of up to 145 miles per hour.

an extremely violent storm that consists of air that spins very quickly and causes a lot of damage

The tornado ripped the roof off his house.

For the second time in a week deadly tornadoes have torn through Tennessee.

a storm with strong winds and a lot of snow

a severe snowstorm in which the snow is blown around by strong winds, making it difficult to see anything

Denver is bracing itself for blizzard conditions.

The tree had come down on the day of the big storm.

He set out in a violent storm for Fort William.

The tropical storm smashed through the Bahamas.

They got caught in a terrible snow storm.

(=one in which a lot of dust is blown around)

Dust storms are relatively common in the Sahara.

Power supplies have been affected by severe electrical storms in some parts of the country.

People fear there may be more flooding when the winter storms hit.

(=an unexpected and unusually violent one)

The horizon was dark with an approaching storm.

(=suddenly starts, after clouds have been increasing)

By the time we reached the airfield, a tropical storm was raging.

We should try to get home before the storm hits.

We sat and waited for the storm to pass.

The Greek fleet had ridden out the storm near Euboia.

We could see storm clouds in the distance.

A lot of buildings suffered storm damage.

The company became the centre of a political storm.

The prime minister caused a storm by criticizing military commanders.

This decision provoked a storm of protest from civil rights organizations.

In 1895 a diplomatic storm blew up between Britain and America over Venezuela.

The president is just hoping that the storm will blow over quickly.

Do you think the government will be able to ride out the storm?

A storm of criticism forced the government to withdraw the proposal.

(=be the person or thing that is causing strong protest, criticism etc)

He has been at the centre of a storm surrounding donations to the party.

The weather forecast is for severe storms tonight.

天气预报说今晚有强暴风雨。

Twenty people were killed when the storm struck the Midwest.

暴风雨袭击中西部，造成20人死亡。

a situation in which people suddenly express very strong feelings about something that someone has said or done

The governor found himself at the center of a [political storm](bold).

州长发现自己处于一场政治风暴的中心。

Government plans for hospital closures provoked a storm of protest.

政府关闭医院的计划激起了一片强烈的抗议声。

to be very successful in a particular place

这部新剧在伦敦大获成功。

to attack a place using large numbers of soldiers, and succeed in getting possession of it

〔以优势兵力成功地〕突袭攻占某处

to experience a difficult period and reach the end of it without being harmed or damaged too much

an unnecessary expression of strong feelings about something that is very unimportant

茶杯里的风波，小题大做，大惊小怪

起劲地跳舞/唱歌/烹调等


storm

to suddenly attack and enter a place using a lot of force

猛烈攻击，突然袭击〔某地〕

愤怒的人群突然袭击大使馆。

to go somewhere in a noisy fast way that shows you are extremely angry

‘What difference does it make?’ she stormed.

“那有什么区别？”她怒吼道。


stormy

with strong winds, heavy rain, and dark clouds

开始变天了，看上去暴风雨将至。

a stormy relationship, meeting etc is full of strong and often angry feelings

〔关系、会议等〕充满激烈情绪的

stormy seas are very rough, with big waves that are caused by strong winds

暗藏凶险、波涛翻滚的大海


story

→ [short story](->short story) [cock and bull story](bold) at → [cock](->cock) 1 sense 4 → [hard-luck story](->hard-luck story) → [sob story](->sob story) [success story](bold) at → [success](->success) sense 5

a description of how something happened that is intended to entertain people, and may be true or imaginary

It’s a story about a man who loses his memory.

a story about strange imaginary events, or exciting events that happened in the past

a very old imaginary story about gods and magical creatures

an old story about brave people or magical events that are probably not true

popular legends of the creation of the world

According to legend, King Arthur was buried there.

a traditional imaginary short story that teaches a moral lesson, especially a story about animals

a story told in a long book, film, or poem which is about great or exciting events, especially in history

an epic about 13th-century Scottish hero William Wallace

a story about a series of events that take place over a long period of time, especially events involving one family

a long exciting story that is not completely true

The movie’s a rattling good yarn and full of action.

‘Schindler’s List’ tells the true story of Oskar Schindler.

(=old and admired by many people, or typical and good )

a classic story about a little girl who falls down a rabbit hole

He has published two collections of short stories.

Enid Blyton is famous for writing children’s stories.

‘Romeo and Juliet’ is a classic love story.

(=a children’s story in which magical things happen)

She looked like a princess in a fairy story.

an exciting adventure story for children

Most detective stories are about a murder.

They sat round the fire telling ghost stories.

(=one that you read to a child before they go to sleep)

He remembered his mother reading him a bedtime story.

He had promised the newspaper a big story on a major celebrity.

(=the most important story in a newspaper or news programme)

The floods were the lead story on the news that evening.

The Times published a front-page story about the scandal.

(=the main story in a magazine, mentioned on the cover)

Hello magazine did a cover story on her last year.

I went to Iraq to do a story on the war.

The News of the World decided not to print the story.

There wasn’t enough definite information to run the story.

Her family complained about the way that journalists had covered the story.

The Daily Mail was the paper which broke the story.

We may never know who leaked the story to the press.

I still remember the shock when that story broke.

I’d better tell you the whole story from the beginning.

I had the feeling that she wasn’t giving me the full story.

She confessed to making up the story of being abducted.

He didn’t believe her at first, but she stuck to her story.

During police interviews, Harper changed his story several times.

They swapped stories and shared their experiences.

The story goes that he was drowned off the south coast, but not everyone believed it.

A story went around that she had been having an affair.

She tried to think up a convincing story to tell her parents.

The film tells the remarkable story of their escape from a prison camp.

(=one that is well-known but probably not true)

There are many apocryphal stories about him.

(=including facts that are known only to people involved)

Though I’d seen the official report, I wanted the inside story.

(=someone’s account of what happened, which may be different from someone else’s)

I would like to give my side of the story.

a description of how something happened, that is intended to entertain people, and may be true or imaginary

〔真实或虚构的〕故事，小说

妈妈，给我读个故事好吗？

We cuddled together over a [bedtime story](bold).

我们依偎在一起看睡前故事。

The film was based on a [true story](bold).

这部影片是根据真实故事改编的。

Don’t be frightened – it’s only a story (=it is imaginary).

别害怕，这只是一个故事。

a report in a newspaper or news broadcast about a recent event, or something that is reported on

‘The Observer’ [ran](bold) a [story](bold) about the scandal (=printed it).

《观察家报》刊登了一则有关这一丑闻的报道。

[cover story](bold)(=the main story in a magazine, which is about the picture on the cover)

an account of something that has happened, usually one that people tell each other, and which may not be true

The [full story](bold) of what happened has never been reported.

所发生的事情一直没有被全面报道过。

First, he wanted to hear Matthew’s [side of the story](bold)(=his description of what happened).

首先，他想听一听马修对这件事是怎么说的。

He was having an affair with Julie, or [so the story goes](bold)(=people are saying this).

他和朱莉有染，至少传闻是这么说的。

an excuse or explanation, especially one that you have invented

〔尤指编造的〕借口，遁词

Where were you? And don’t give me some story about working late!

你去了哪里？不要找借口说晚上加班了！

Well, that’s my story (=that is what I say happened), and I’m sticking to it.

好了，这就是我要说的情况，而且我坚持这一说法。

a description of the most important events in someone’s life or in the development of something

He wanted to have his [life story](bold) told on film.

他希望将他的生平事迹搬上银幕。

〔电影、戏剧或书的〕（故事）情节

她所有小说中的情节都大同小异。

used to say the same thing is happening in another place

这里/那里/在 …等也是同样的情况

Unemployment is falling in the US, and it’s the same story in Europe.

美国失业率在降低，欧洲也是如此。

used to say that the present bad situation has often happened before

又是那老一套〔表示目前糟糕的情况以前经常发生〕

It’s the same old story – too much work and not enough time.

情况还是跟过去一样——工作太多,时间不够。

used to tell someone that you do not want to give them all the details that a full answer to their question would need

(AmE also: [to make a long story short](bold) )

used when you only give the main point of something you are talking about, and not all the other details

长话短说；简而言之；总之

used when you have mentioned something that you are not going to talk about on this occasion

那是另一回事了〔表示不打算谈论所提及的某事〕

used to say that there are more details which people need to know in order to understand the situation

情况还不止这样,那还不是事情的全部

used after a disappointing experience to mean that similar disappointing things always seem to happen to you

这就是我的命〔在经历失望的事情之后表示自己经常遭遇类似的不幸〕

used to say that there is nothing more to say about a particular subject

不必多说了,到此为止了〔表示对某话题再没有什么好谈论的了〕

As far as I’m concerned, Terry is still a friend – end of story.

对我来说,特里仍然是我的朋友,就是这样。

used to say that something is not what you expect it to be

是另一回事，根本不像预料的那样

It looks like a big house, but inside it’s a different story.

它看上去像是一栋大房子，但里面却不是这么回事。

a lie – used by children or when speaking to children


story line

the main set of related events in a story


stove

a piece of kitchen equipment on which you cook food in pots and pans, and that contains an oven

a thing used for heating a room or for cooking, which works by burning wood, coal, oil, or gas

〔取暖或炊事用的〕炉子，火炉


stove

a past tense and past participle of stave2


straight

in a line or direction that is not curved or bent

The book is on the table straight in front of you.

那本书就在你面前的桌子上。

Terry was so tired he couldn’t walk straight.

He was sitting with his legs stretched straight out in front of him.

他坐着，两条腿向前伸得直直的。

immediately, without delay, or without doing anything else first

Go [straight home](bold) and tell your mother.

I’ve got a meeting straight after lunch.

I think I should [get straight to the point](bold).

我想我还是直接说正题吧。

happening one after the other in a series

He’s been without sleep now for three days straight.

他已经连续三天没有睡觉了。

if you say or ask something straight, you say it in an honest direct way, without trying to hide your meaning

I just told him straight that I wouldn’t do it.

我就直接告诉他我不会做这事。

She [came straight out with it](bold) and said she was leaving.

她直截了当地说她要走了。

I hope, for your sake, you’re [playing it straight](bold)(=being honest).

为了你自己，我希望你说实话。

I told him [straight to his face](bold)(=speaking directly to him) what I thought of him.

我当面告诉他我对他的看法。

if you cannot think or see straight, you cannot think or see clearly

Turn the radio down – I can’t think straight.

把收音机的音量调小点，我没法好好思考了。

to stop being a criminal and live an honest life

Tony’s been trying to go straight for about six months.

大约六个月了，托尼一直在努力改邪归正。

used to ask someone if they are telling the truth

真的吗〔用于询问某人是否在说实话〕

Straight up? Did you really pay that much for it?

真的吗？买这东西你真的花了那么多钱？

used to emphasize that what you are saying is true

的确，真的〔用于强调自己说的是实话〕

No, straight up, I’ve never seen him before.

没有，不骗你，我以前从没见过他。

if someone speaks straight from the shoulder, they say things in a very direct way, without trying to be polite


straight

[set/put the record straight](bold) at → [record](->record) 1

[comparative](italic) [straighter](bold) [superlative](italic) [straightest](bold)

something that is straight does not bend or curve

提东西的时候，一定要把背挺直。

They sat down [in a straight line](bold).

The road was [dead straight](bold)(=completely straight).

level or upright, and not leaning to one side

坦率的，坦诚的，直言不讳的

I’d like a [straight answer](bold) please.

I think it’s time for some [straight talk](bold) now.

我认为现在应该开诚布公地谈一谈了。

happening immediately one after another in a series

The team now has an amazing record of 43 straight wins.

这个队现在保持着43场连胜的惊人纪录。

a room that is straight is clean and tidy and everything is in its proper place

整洁的，整齐的，有条理的

It took me two hours to [get](bold) the house [straight](bold).

我花了两小时才把屋子整理干净。

to understand the facts of a situation and be able to tell them correctly

清楚无误地了解情况；弄清楚某事

Let me get this straight – Tom sold the car and gave you the money?

让我先把这件事弄清楚——汤姆卖掉汽车，把钱给了你？

to make someone understand the true facts about a situation

使某人正确了解事实，使某人弄清楚情况

Tell him to ask Ruth – she’ll put him straight.

叫他去问露丝——她会跟他说清楚的。

if you have a straight face, you are not laughing or smiling even though you would like to

严肃的表情〔指忍住不笑〕

I found it very difficult to [keep a straight face](bold).

someone who is straight is attracted to people of the opposite sex

a straight alcoholic drink has no water or any other drink added to it

纯的，不加水[其他饮料]的

if two people are straight, they no longer owe money to each other

If you give me £10, then we’re straight.

你给我十英镑，我们就两不相欠了。

a straight choice or exchange is between only two possible choices or things

在两者之间作选择的，非此即彼的

It was a [straight choice](bold) between my career or my family.

在事业和家庭之间，我只能选择其一。

We did a straight swap – one of my cards for one of his.

我们作了互换——我的一张牌换他的一张。

a straight fight or competition is between only two people

〔斗争或竞争〕仅在两人之间展开的，一对一的

The election is now a straight fight between Labour and the Conservatives.

这场大选现在是工党和保守党之争。

someone who is straight behaves in a way that is accepted as normal by many people but which you think is boring

a straight actor or character does not try to make people laugh

〔演员或角色〕正统的，严肃的

completely one particular type of something

someone who is straight does not take illegal drugs


straight

循规蹈矩[安分守己]的生活

someone who is attracted to people of the opposite sex


straighten

to become straight, or to make something straight

to make your back straight, or to stand up straight after bending down

妈妈让我把自己的房间整理干净。


straightforward

Installing the program is relatively straightforward.

安装这个程序相对来说比较简单。

This area of law is [far from straightforward](bold)(=complicated).

For someone who can’t read, shopping is by no means a straightforward matter.

对于不识字的人来说，购物绝不是一件简单的事情。

honest about your feelings or opinions and not hiding anything

Jack is tough, but always straightforward and fair.

虽然杰克很严厉，但一向坦诚公正。


strain

The country’s health system is under great strain.

The cost of these wars put an intolerable strain on the economy.

How much can you invest without putting any undue strain on your finances?

She has been suffering from considerable emotional strain.

This welfare program has eased the financial strain of raising children alone.

Living with my parents put quite a strain on our marriage.

(=become unable to continue normally because of the strain)

They are worried that the court system might collapse under the strain.

You can do much to ease the strain of the situation for her.

Claudia could see that he was under considerable strain.

Holidays help people to cope with the stresses and strains of life.

worry that is caused by having to deal with a problem or work too hard over a long period of time

I couldn’t look after him anymore; the strain was too much for me.

我不能再照看他了，压力太大。

Did you [find](bold) the job a [strain](bold)?

the [stresses and strains](bold) of police life

The trial has been a terrible strain for both of us.

法庭审判令我们两人都非常焦虑。

It’s quite a strain on me when he’s drinking heavily.

他喝很多酒时，我就十分担心。

The long working hours put a severe strain on employees.

长时间工作使雇员严重焦虑。

I know you’ve been under a lot of strain lately.

[crack/collapse/buckle etc under the strain](bold)(=become unable to deal with a problem or work)

I could see that she was beginning to crack under the strain.

我能看出她开始承受不了压力了。

a difficulty or problem that is caused when a person, relationship, organization, or system has too much to do or too many problems to deal with

The dry summer has further increased the strain on water resources.

干旱的夏季加剧了水资源紧张的情况。

The flu epidemic has put a huge strain on the health service.

流感暴发给卫生部门带来巨大的压力。

The attack has led to strains in the relationship between the two countries.

袭击事件导致两国关系紧张。

[break/crack/collapse etc under the strain](bold)

在重压之下，这个政党分裂了。

a situation in which something is being pulled or pushed, or is holding weight, and so might break or become damaged

The strain on the cables supporting the bridge is enormous.

这些支撑桥梁的钢缆所承受的拉力很大。

Some of these exercises put too much strain on the back muscles.

这些健身动作中有些令背部肌肉负担过重。

These four posts [take the strain](bold) of the whole structure.

这四根柱子承受着整个结构的压力。

[break/snap/collapse etc under the strain](bold)

an injury to a muscle or part of your body that is caused by using it too much

〔肌肉或人体部位的〕拉伤，扭伤，劳损

Long hours working at a computer can cause eye strain.

长时间用电脑工作会引起眼睛疲劳。

The goalkeeper is still out of action with a knee strain.

守门员由于膝伤仍无法参加比赛。

a particular quality which people have, especially one that is passed from parents to children

〔尤指遗传的〕性格倾向，气质，性情

There’s a strain of madness in his family.

an amount of a feeling that you can see in the way someone speaks, writes, paints etc

表达方式；口吻，语气；笔调

a strain of bitterness in Young’s later work

We sipped wine to the strains of Beethoven.

我们一边听贝多芬的旋律一边抿着葡萄酒。


strain

to injure a muscle or part of your body by using it too much or making it work too hard

You’ll strain your eyes trying to read in this light.

在这样的光线下看书会伤眼睛的。

to try very hard to do something using all your strength or ability

She was straining to keep her head above the water.

她竭尽全力将头露出水面。

Bill choked and gasped, straining for air.

比尔噎住了，喘着气，拼命呼吸着。

[strain your ears/eyes](bold)(=try very hard to hear or see)

I strained my ears, listening for any sound in the silence of the cave.

我侧耳倾听寂静的山洞里有些什么声音。

to separate solid things from a liquid by pouring the mixture through something with very small holes in it

to cause difficulties for something by making too much work or too many problems which it cannot deal with easily

The increased costs will certainly strain our finances.

开支增加当然会使我们财务紧张。

The incident has strained relations between the two countries.

该事件使两国之间的关系紧张起来。

I felt that my patience was being [strained to the limit](bold).

我感到我的耐心已经到了极限。

to pull hard at something or push hard against something

Buddy’s huge gut strained against the buttons on his shirt.

巴迪的大肚子把衬衫纽扣绷得紧紧的。

to try as hard as possible to do something

He was straining every nerve to impress the judges.

他竭尽全力给评判员留下好印象。

to be eager to be allowed to do something

急欲获准做某事，跃跃欲试

There are 30,000 troops in the area, all straining at the leash.

该地区有三万名士兵，全都在枕戈待旦。

to not work too hard or do too much physical activity – often used in an ironic way

使自己不要过度劳累〔常用于讽刺〕


strait

(also: [straits](bold) <[plural](bold)> )

a narrow passage of water between two areas of land, usually connecting two seas

to be in a very difficult situation, especially a financial one

陷于极度的困境中〔尤指财务困境〕

After the war, the country’s economy was in dire straits.

战后该国的经济陷入困境。

The firm is now [in dire financial straits](bold).

该公司目前财务状况极度困难。


strand

a single thin piece of thread, wire, hair etc

〔线、绳、毛发等的〕股，缕

He reached out and brushed a [strand of hair](bold) away from her face.

他伸手拂去她脸上的一缕头发。

one of the parts of a story, idea, plan etc

〔故事、观点、计划等的〕部分

Plato draws all the strands of the argument together.

柏拉图把各个论点归结到一起。


strange

unusual or surprising, especially in a way that is difficult to understand, or that is a little frightening

That’s strange – I’m sure I left my keys on the table.

a little strange and making you feel slightly surprised or worried

It’s odd that you can’t remember him at all.

strange, especially in an interesting way. [Curious](bold) is a little more formal than [strange](bold)

There’s something rather curious about small-town America.

strange – used about something that people know little about and are unable to explain or understand

He had disappeared in mysterious circumstances.

There were reports of mysterious lights in the sky.

strange in a way that seems slightly crazy and amusing – used about people and their behaviour

He lived completely alone and had some slightly eccentric habits.

slightly strange, and different from what you would normally expect – used especially when this is either amusing or worrying

She sometimes wears rather peculiar clothes.

He had a peculiar expression on his face.

very strange or very different from what you are used to

extremely strange and different from what is usually considered normal

extremely strange and unconnected with real life or normal experiences, like something out of a dream

His paintings are full of surreal images.

There is something surreal about the climate change talks in Bali.

The plant’s flowers were so big that they seemed almost surreal

very strange – used especially about someone having an unusual ability to do something, or looking surprisingly similar to someone

She had an uncanny knack ability of putting her finger right on a problem.

Alice had an uncanny resemblance to Josie.

his uncanny ability to pick racing winners

[comparative](italic) [stranger](bold) [superlative](italic) [strangest](bold)

unusual or surprising, especially in a way that is difficult to explain or understand

奇怪的，不寻常的；不可思议的

Does Geoff’s behaviour seem strange to you?

你觉得杰夫的行为反常吗？

She felt there was [something strange about](bold) Dexter’s voice.

她觉得德克斯特的声音有点奇怪。

[Isn’t it strange how](bold) animals seem to sense danger?

动物似乎能感觉到危险，这不是很奇怪吗？

[It’s strange that](bold) we’ve never met before.

很奇怪，我们以前居然从来没有碰见过。

[For some strange reason](bold), I slept like a baby despite the noise.

很奇怪，不知为什么，尽管很吵闹，但我仍睡得很香。

[Strange as it may seem](bold), I actually prefer cold weather.

听上去也许很奇怪，我竟然喜欢冷天。

[That’s strange](bold). I was sure Jude was right here a second ago.

真奇怪，我肯定祖德刚刚还在这儿的。

[The strange thing is](bold) all four victims had red hair.

令人奇怪的是，四名受害者都是红头发的。

Strange to say, I was just thinking that myself.

说来奇怪，我自己刚才也是那么想的。

someone or something that is strange is not familiar because you have not seen or met them before

As a child, she’d been taught never to speak to strange men.

她从小就受到教育绝对不要和陌生男人说话。

I was just 20, a young girl in a strange city.

我只有20岁，一个小姑娘待在一座陌生的城市里。

It was all strange to him, but he’d soon learn his way around.

这一切对他来说都很陌生，但他很快就会适应的。

to feel as if something is slightly wrong or unusual, either physically or emotionally

Can you get me a glass of water? I feel a bit strange.

你能帮我拿杯水吗？我觉得有点不舒服。

重回都柏林，我感到有点不自在。


strange

[adv](bold) <[only after verb](bold)> ([AmE](special))

The cat’s been acting really strange – I wonder if it’s sick.

这只猫行为怪怪的，不知道是不是病了。


strangely

Mick’s been acting very strangely lately.

[Strangely enough](bold), I wasn’t that disappointed.

真奇怪，我并没有那么失望。


stranger

(=used to emphasize that you do not know the person)

Really, I don't know why I'm revealing all this to a complete stranger.

I hadn't seen him for so long that he seemed like a virtual stranger.

Do not give your camera to a passing stranger and ask him to take a picture of you.

She never knew who the mysterious stranger was who had helped her that night.

小孩子千万不要同陌生人说话。

[perfect/complete/total stranger](bold)(=used to emphasize that you do not know them)

Julie finds it easy to speak to complete strangers.

朱莉觉得和素不相识的人讲话不是难事。

→ Do not use [stranger](bold) to mean ‘a person from another country’. Use [foreigner](bold) or, more politely, say that someone is [from abroad/overseas](bold).

to have had a lot of a particular kind of experience

有过很多某事的经历，对某事并不陌生

a politician who is no stranger to controversy

‘Where’s the station?’ ‘Sorry, I’m a stranger here myself.’

“车站在哪里？”“对不起，我也是外地人。”

used to greet someone who you have not seen for a long time

你好，陌生人！嗨，久违了！〔用于跟好久不见的人打招呼〕

used when someone is leaving to invite them back to see you soon

别一走就杳无音讯！尽快回来聚聚！


strap

a narrow band of strong material that is used to fasten, hang, or hold onto something

→ [chinstrap](->chinstrap) → [shoulder strap](->shoulder strap)


strap

[Strap](bold)  is often used in the passive.

[past tense and past participle](italic) [strapped](bold) [present participle](italic) [strapping](bold)

to fasten something or someone in place with one or more straps

He was only ten when he strapped on a guitar for the first time.

他第一次背上吉他时才十岁。

soldiers with grenades strapped to their belts

[be strapped in](bold)(=have a belt fastened around you in a car)

to tie bandages firmly round a part of your body that has been hurt