head

[bury your head in the sand](bold) at → [bury](->bury) sense 8 [knock sth on the head](bold) at → [knock](->knock) 1 sense 16 [off the top of your head](bold) at → [top](->top) 1 sense 18 [sb can do sth standing on their head](bold) at → [stand](->stand) 1 sense 40 [turn sb’s head](bold) at → [turn](->turn) 1 sense 17 [two heads are better than one](bold) at → [two](->two) sense 8

John turned his head to look at the boy.

(=move it from side to side, especially to show disagreement)

‘It’s too much,’ he said, shaking his head.

(=move it up and down, especially to show agreement)

The audience nodded their heads enthusiastically.

Her head was throbbing and she needed to lie down.

Tom raised his head to listen, then went back to his book.

He bowed his head and tried not not to look at her.

(=look down, especially because you are ashamed)

She hung her head, not sure how to reply.

(=especially because you do not understand something)

He scratched his head and started looking through the drawers again.

The big dog cocked his head to one side and raised his ears.

I saw my son’s blond head sticking out from the car window.

Wearing a helmet reduces the risk of head injuries.

the top part of your body that has your face at the front and is supported by your neck

Alan fell asleep as soon as he put his head on the pillow.

艾伦头一挨枕头就睡着了。

They dived [head first](bold) into the water.

She was dressed in black [from head to toe](bold)(=over all her body).

He still [has a full head of hair](bold)(=has all his hair, even though he is getting rather old).

The problem only exists inside his head.

这个问题只存在于他的脑子里。

[do sth in your head](bold)(=calculate something mentally)

[Use your head](bold) to work out the answer.

Jackie said the first thing that came into her head.

杰姬一想到什么就说出来。

[get sth into your head](bold)(=understand something)

‘It’s over, Jake,’ she said. ‘Try and get that into your head.’

“结束了，杰克，”她说，“尽量想明白这一点吧。”

[take/get it into your head (to do sth)](bold)(=decide to do something, especially something stupid)

At about two in the morning, Alan took it into his head to go for a swim.

大约凌晨两点的时候，艾伦心血来潮要去游泳。

[get/put sth out of your head](bold)(=stop thinking or worrying about something)

Try to put it out of your head for the time being.

眼下尽量不要去想这件事。

[put sth into sb’s head](bold)(=make someone think or believe something)

[get your head round sth](bold) BrE(=be able to understand something)

I just can’t get my head round what’s been going on here.

我就是不明白这里发生了什么事。

to remain calm and sensible in a difficult or frightening situation

We need a candidate who can keep his or her head even when clients get aggressive.

我们要找的人选需要在客户生气暴躁时也能保持头脑冷静。

Get to sleep early tonight – you’ll need to keep a clear head tomorrow at the trial.

今晚早点睡觉——明天审判时你要保持清醒的头脑。

to become unable to behave calmly or sensibly in a difficult or frightening situation

慌了神，失去冷静，惊慌失措

You’ll be OK as long as you don’t lose your head and forget he’s the real enemy.

你只要保持冷静，记住他是真正的敌人，就没问题的。

have your head screwed on (straight/right)

to be sensible and able to deal with difficult situations

He wondered what Gemma thought about it all. She seemed to have her head screwed on.

他想知道杰玛对整个事情是怎么想的，她看上去是个有头脑的人。

→ [crowned head](->crowned head) → [head boy](->head boy) → [head girl](->head girl) → [headmaster](->headmaster) → [headmistress](->headmistress)

a leader or person in charge of a group or organization

首脑，首长，领袖，主管人

You should discuss the matter with your head of department.

你应该和部门主管讨论一下这件事。

A meeting of Commonwealth [heads of state](bold) will be held next month.

英联邦首脑会议将于下月召开。

[head waiter/chef/gardener etc](bold)(=the person in charge of a group of waiters etc)

From now on all violent incidents should be reported directly to the head.

从现在开始，所有暴力事件都要直接向校长汇报。

the front or the most important position

Jenny marched proudly at the head of the procession.

珍妮自豪地走在游行队伍的前列。

[At the head of the table](bold)(=the place where the most important person sits) sat the senior partners.

桌子的主位坐着高级合伙人。

The band of soldiers marched into the yard, their defeated captain at their head.

这队士兵行进到院子里，灰心丧气的上尉走在前头。

used in particular phrases to talk about someone being crazy or very stupid

脑子〔用于固定短语中，表示某人发疯或很傻〕

People going out in conditions like this [need](bold) their [heads examined](bold).

这种天气出门的人得去检查一下脑子是否正常。

You must be off your head if you think that.

你如果那样想肯定是疯了。

If I walk in looking like that, they’ll think I’m [not right in the head](bold).

如果我这副模样走进去，他们会认为我脑子不正常。

这顿晚饭算下来每人30美元。

the place where a river, valley etc begins

〔河的〕源头；〔谷的〕起点

if a problem or difficult situation comes to a head, or something brings it to a head, it suddenly becomes worse and has to be dealt with quickly

（使）〔事情〕到达紧要关头；突然恶化

[Things came to a head](bold) in the summer of 1997.

1997年的夏天，情况突然恶化。

the top of a plant where its flowers or leaves grow

〔植物顶端的〕叶球，头状花序

She was outside cutting the [dead heads](bold) off the roses.

她在外面把玫瑰的残花剪掉。

the length of a head, used to measure height or distance

She saw her father, [a head above](bold) the rest of the crowd.

她看见了人群中比其他人高出一头的父亲。

[by a (short) head](bold)(=used to say that a horse won or lost a race but only by a small amount)

the side of a coin that has a picture of a person’s head on it

[heads or tails?](bold) BrE [spoken](special)(=used to decide something, by asking someone which side of a coin they guess will be showing when you throw it in the air and it lands)

to start working in a quiet determined way

It’s time you got your head down and did some revision.

to try to avoid being noticed or getting involved in something

Do what you’re told and keep your head down.

叫你做什么你就做什么，别惹麻烦。

if you fall asleep as soon as your head hits the pillow, you fall asleep as soon as you lie down

to not know what you are doing because you have taken drugs or drunk too much alcohol

神志失常，精神错乱〔因吸毒或醉酒〕

由于吸食了几种毒品，他神志不清。

if alcohol goes to your head, it quickly makes you feel drunk

if success goes to someone’s head, it makes them feel more important than they really are

〔成功〕使飘飘然，使冲昏头脑

她从不因自己的名气而飘飘然。

the wide end of a long narrow tool or piece of equipment

〔长而窄的工具或设备〕较宽大的一端

The next morning, we all put our heads together to decide what should be done.

第二天早晨，我们大家共同商量该怎么办。

to be too difficult for someone to understand

The explanation went completely over my head.

解释得太深奥了，我根本听不懂。

to do something without discussing it with a particular person or organization first, especially when you should have discussed it with them

越过某人〔行使过分的权力〕

to be completely unable to understand something

完全弄不清某事物，完全不能理解某事物

to think about something in a way that is not practical or sensible, especially when you think things are much better than they really are

have a (good) head for figures/facts/business etc

to be naturally good at doing calculations, remembering facts etc

擅长计算/记忆/做生意等

the ability to look down from high places without feeling ill or nervous

the opinion that you are much better, more important, more skilful etc than you really are

I suppose I did do OK, but I’d be silly to get a big head about it.

我认为我的确做得不错，不过我要是因此而自满的话就太愚蠢了。

to manage to continue to live on your income or keep your business working when this is difficult because of financial problems

〔靠自己的收入〕勉强度日；〔因财务问题〕勉强维持经营

For years they struggled to keep their heads above water.

多年来他们一直勉强维持着生活。

One contestant stood head and shoulders above the rest.

有一位参赛选手表现格外突出，其他选手难望其项背。

to show pride or confidence, especially in a difficult situation

昂首挺胸，抬起头来〔尤指在困境中仍表现出尊严和信心〕

If you do this, you’ll never be able to hold your head up again.

如果这样做，你以后就再也抬不起头了。

be (like) banging/bashing etc your head against a brick wall

used to say that you are making no progress at all in what you are trying hard to do

I’ve tried to talk some sense into them, but it’s like banging my head against a brick wall.

我拼命跟他们讲道理，但结果是白费唇舌。

used to say that two people or groups should be forced to stop arguing and start to behave sensibly

强行制止人们争吵并使其恢复理智

to talk to someone very angrily with no good reason

I offered to help her, but she just bit my head off.

我提出要帮助她，但她却痛骂了我一顿。

to make people think about something in the opposite way to the way it was originally intended

反过来想某事物；使人完全改变思考某事物的思路

The attorney quickly turned his main defense argument on its head.

那位律师很快扭转了主要的辩护思路。

to give someone the freedom to do what they want to do

放任[听任]某人自由行动

to love or suddenly start to love someone very much

深深地爱着/突然爱上〔某人〕

Sam was head over heels in love with his new bride.

萨姆深深地爱着他的新娘。

used to say that someone will be punished severely for something that has happened

有人将为此事受到严厉惩罚！

used to tell someone that they will be blamed if the thing they are planning to do goes wrong

责任自负，一人做事一人当

Turn that noise down – it’s doing my head in!

把声音关小点，吵死人了！

to be or get involved in something that is too difficult for you to deal with

In business, start small and don’t get in over your head.

在生意方面，从小的做起，不要贪大。

to owe so much money that there is no possibility of paying it all back

to deal with or oppose someone in a very direct and determined way

与某人正面交锋，与某人硬碰硬

Rather than go head to head with their main rivals, they decided to try a more subtle approach.

与其和主要对手硬碰硬，他们决定倒不如尝试智取。

used to warn people that something is falling from above

当心上面！〔警告别人上面有东西掉下〕

the layer of small white bubbles on the top of a glass of beer

a piece of equipment that changes information on something magnetic, such as a recording tape or computer hard disk, into electrical messages that electronic equipment can use

pressure that is made when water or steam is kept in an enclosed space

to become very active after starting something slowly

a high area of land that sticks out into the sea – used in names

the centre of a swollen spot on your skin


head

to go or travel towards a particular place, especially in a deliberate way

〔朝 …〕前进，〔向 …〕去

It’s about time we were [heading home](bold).

if you are heading for a particular situation, especially a bad one, it seems likely to happen

〔很可能〕遭受，碰到，面临

Forecasters predict the region’s economy is heading for disaster.

预测专家预言该地区经济即将面临灾难。

to be in charge of a team, government, organization etc

David was asked to head up the technical team.

戴维被要求领导技术小组。

an interim government headed by the former prime minister

to be at the top of a list or group of people or things

The movie heads the list of Oscar nominations.

这部影片获得的奥斯卡提名最多。

if a page is headed with a particular name, title, image etc, it has it on the top

题目是 …，标题为 …；顶端写[印]有 …

这一页的标题为“开支”。

to hit the ball with your head, especially in football


headache

[headachy](bold) adj. eg: a headachy feeling

[Headache](bold)  is a countable noun: I have [a](bold) headache.
Don’t say: [I have headache.](strike)

Looking at a computer for a long time can give you a headache.

a headache and feeling of sickness that you get the day after you have drunk too much alcohol

a very bad headache, which makes you feel sick and have difficulty seeing

He has suffered from migraines all his life.

The next day he woke up with a splitting headache.

He had a throbbing headache, behind his nose and his eyes.

I’d rather stay at home – I’ve got a bit of a headache.

She’s not coming – she says she’s got a headache.

The music was starting to give him a headache.

Your child may complain of headaches or problems seeing the blackboard.

I'd like to lie down for a bit to make my headache go away,

If you have a headache, you should take some aspirin.

要是头痛，你该吃点阿司匹林。

a problem that is difficult or annoying to deal with

使人头痛的事，棘手的事，难题

Security [is a big headache for](bold) airline operators.

对航空公司来说，安全问题是件很棘手的事。


heading

the title written at the beginning of a piece of writing, or at the beginning of part of a book

a name that is given to a group of things or people, that helps to describe them as a group

writers who might [come under the heading of](bold) postmodern fiction writers

可以被归为后现代主义小说家的作家


headline

The newspaper's front-page headline read simply 'Prime Minister resigns'.

(=a headline that a lot of people are interested in)

Celebrity divorces have made big headlines.

(=a very large headline across the top of the page)

Le Monde ran its famous banner headline ' We are all Americans now'.

The story dominated newspaper headlines around the world.

(=a headline in a newspaper that has a lot of stories about famous people, sex etc)

One tabloid headline read 'Doctor of Death'.

(=to be reported in many newspapers as an important story)

The singer was back in the headlines for partying every night.

Madonna's adoption of the child grabbed world headlines.

Crane hit the headlines after she was arrested for the murder of her husband.

(=to be the story that is most often reported in newspapers)

News from Iraq continued to dominate the headlines.

The Times carried the headline ‘7.4 Earthquake hits Los Angeles.’

One tabloid paper ran the headline: ‘Disney Theme Park Found On Mars’.

The next morning’s headlines read: ‘Moors Search for Missing Boys’.

the title of a newspaper report, which is printed in large letters above the report

〔报纸的〕标题，大字标题

a paper carrying the front-page headline: ‘Space Aliens meet with President’

头版报道题为“天外来客会见总统”的报纸

the important points of the main news stories that are read at the beginning of a news programme on radio or television

〔广播或电视的〕新闻提要

(also: [be in/hit the headlines](bold) )

to be reported in many newspapers and on radio and television

成了报纸[电台，电视]上的新闻

a scandal that grabbed the headlines for weeks

连续几周备受媒体关注的丑闻

The former MP found himself back in the headlines again.

那位前议员发现自己再次登上了新闻头条。


headline

to appear as the main performer or band in a show

扮演主角；成为 …的主要表演者

Beyoncé is headlining at the festival this year.

碧昂丝是今年会演的主角。

to give a headline to an article or story

[Headline](bold)  is usually passive in this meaning.


headmaster

a male teacher who is in charge of a school


headphones

a piece of equipment that you wear over your ears to listen to the radio, music etc without other people hearing it


headquarters

the main building or offices used by a large company or organization

the place from which military operations are controlled

〔军队的〕司令部，指挥部，大本营


head teacher

the teacher who is in charge of a school


heal

if a wound or a broken bone heals or is healed, the flesh, skin, or bone grows back together and becomes healthy again

（使）〔伤口或断骨〕长好，愈合

It took three months for my arm to heal properly.

我的胳膊三个月之后才痊愈。

to make someone who is ill become healthy again, especially by using natural powers or prayer

〔尤指通过自然力量或祈祷〕医治，治愈

a preacher who claims that he can heal the sick

to become mentally or emotionally strong again after a bad experience, or to help someone to do this

〔在精神或感情上〕（使）复原，（使）坚强起来

The trauma of divorce can often be healed by successful remarriage.

离婚带来的创伤常常能通过美满的再婚治愈。

if an argument or disagreement between people heals or you heal it, the people stop arguing or disagreeing

Our main goal must be to heal the divisions in our society.

我们的最大目标必定是消除社会分歧。

The rift between the two younger men never healed.

这两个较年轻者之间的裂痕从未得以弥合。


health

[a clean bill of health](bold) at → [clean](->clean) 1 sense 13

Physical exercise is essential to good health.

At the age of 70, her health is excellent.

He wanted to join the army but his health was too poor.

Despite failing health, he travelled to Australia to visit his son.

Poverty affects children's physical and mental health.

The programme aims to educate teenagers about sexual health.

(=the health of your whole body rather than a particular part)

A balanced diet will improve your general health.

Some chemicals pose a significant risk to human health.

There is no doubt that smoking can seriously damage your health.

Doing more exercise will improve your health.

Her health improved slowly after she came home from hospital.

Many Americans cannot afford even basic health care.

He missed a lot of time at work through health problems.

(=something that could damage your health)

The report looked at the health risks linked to eating excess sugar.

The study looked at the long-term health effects of drinking alcohol.

(=a warning printed on a product that could harm you)

Her parents were elderly and in poor health.

Eating plenty of vegetables is good for your health.

Your choice of exercise must depend on your general state of health.

The breakfast program improves the health and well-being of the children.

the general condition of your body and how healthy you are

我担心我丈夫的健康状况。

the work of providing medical services to keep people healthy

The government has promised to spend more on health and education.

政府已经承诺增加医疗卫生和教育经费。

Even if you haven’t got much money, at least you’ve got your health.

即使你没有太多钱，但起码你拥有健康。

When we last met, he was [glowing with health](bold)(=was clearly very healthy).

我们上一次见面的时候，他容光焕发。

how successful something such as a business, an organization, or a country’s economy is

〔经济〕运行状况；〔机构〕运转状况

The monthly trade figures are seen as an indicator of the health of the economy.

每月的贸易数字被视为经济状况的指标。


health care

[health-care](bold) adj. eg: health-care professionals

the services that are provided for looking after people’s health, or the activity of doing this

The government has promised better health care for all.

政府许诺提供更好的全民卫生保健服务。

An ageing population requires greater expenditure on health care.

日益增长的老龄化人口需要更大的卫生保健开支。


healthy

They tested the drug on healthy volunteers.

used especially when describing or asking about how someone feels or looks

used in a reply to a question about your health, or when talking about someone else’s health. Use [fine ](bold) only in replies or statements, not in questions

not ill or injured. These expressions are very commonly used in everyday spoken English

You look pale – are you feeling all right?

less ill than you were, or no longer ill

Don’t come back to school until you’re better.

healthy, especially because you exercise regularly

Police officers have to be physically fit and have good eyesight.

healthy and strong, and not likely to become ill

He had a robust constitutiona strong and healthy body.

a robust girl, wearing a thick woollen sweater

She looked a picture of health as she posed for the cameras.

[comparative](italic) [healthier](bold) [superlative](italic) [healthiest](bold)

physically strong and not likely to become ill or weak

I’ve always been perfectly healthy until now.

直到现在，我的身体一直非常健康。

the importance of [healthy eating](bold)

All of our kids have [healthy appetites](bold)(=they like to eat a lot).

used to describe an attitude, feeling, or behaviour that is natural, normal, and sensible

I don’t think it’s healthy for her to spend so much time alone.

我认为她太多时间独处不正常。

a healthy disrespect for silly regulations

对荒唐规定的合乎情理的藐视

a healthy company, society, relationship,economy etc is working effectively and successfully

a healthy economy with a well-trained workforce

拥有训练有素的劳动力的繁荣经济

large and showing that someone is successful – used about amounts of money


heap

There was a heap of stones where the building used to be.

那栋建筑物的原址上有一堆石头。

The envelopes for posting lay in a heap on her desk.

待寄信件杂乱地堆在她的书桌上。

We piled the branches into heaps for burning.

[heaps better/bigger etc](bold)(=much better, bigger etc)

They finally collapsed in a heap on the grass.

high up and successful or low down and unsuccessful in an organization or in society

在〔机构或社会的〕顶层/底层

The very poor are at the bottom of the heap.

to be suddenly very surprised or confused

被突然惊呆，被弄得不知所措


heap

to put a lot of things on top of each other in an untidy way

She gave him a glass of whisky and heaped his plate with food.

她给他一杯威士忌，并给他的盘子盛满食物。

对某人极力称赞/百般侮辱等

He heaped all the blame on his secretary.

他把所有责任都推在秘书身上。


hear

In meanings 1, 2, and 3, [hear](bold)  is not usually used in the progressive. You say: I heard a strange sound.
Don’t say: [I was hearing a strange sound.](strike)

[Hear](bold)  is often used with [can](bold) : I could hear a strange sound.

In spoken English, people sometimes say [I’m hearing](bold)  to talk about something they have been told recently, especially more than once: I’ve been hearing some nice things about you.

Don’t confuse [hear](bold)  (=a sound comes into your ears) with [listen to](bold)  (=hear and pay attention to something).

You say: You should listen to my advice.
Don’t say: [You should hear my advice.](strike)

You say: I lay in bed listening to music.
Don’t say: [I lay in bed hearing music.](strike)

to know that a sound is being made, using your ears

There’s no need to shout – I can hear you!

to pay attention to something, using your ears

I was listening to the news on the car radio.

When I got closer, I could make out a human voice.

I could just make out what he was saying.

to accidentally hear another person’s conversation

I overheard her say to her friend that she had lost something.

I caught the last few minutes of the programme.

to listen to a programme – often used in announcements on the radio

Tune in for all the latest news and views from around the world.

Thousands of people tune in to the show every week.

[past tense and past participle](italic) [heard](bold) /hɜːd/ US /hɜːrd/

Did anyone see or hear anything last night?

昨晚有没有人看见或听见什么？

我能听到车来车往的声音。

珍妮能听到他们在外面争论。

I couldn’t hear what they were saying most of the time.

大多数时间我都听不到他们在说什么。

She didn’t want to be heard to criticize him.

她不想被人听见自己批评他。

[sb doesn’t hear too well/very well](bold)(=they have problems with their hearing)

to listen to what someone is saying, the music they are playing etc

Did you hear that programme on whales the other night?

前两天晚上你有没有收听那个有关鲸的节目？

I want to hear what the doctor has to say.

我想听听医生有什么话要说。

[I hear what you say/what you’re saying](bold) [spoken](special)(=used to tell someone that you have listened to their opinion, but do not agree with it)

I hear what you say, but I don’t think we should rush this decision.

我听见你说的了，但我认为我们不该草率作出这个决定。

to be told or find out a piece of information

I heard a rumor that he was getting married soon.

我听到传闻，说他马上要结婚了。

She’ll [be pleased to hear](bold) that she can leave hospital tomorrow.

知道明天可以出院，她会很高兴的。

特雷莎后来听说了那个决定。

I’ve heard of a job which would be just right for you.

我听说有个工作很适合你。

This was [the first](bold) I’d [heard of](bold) any trouble in the area (=I had just heard news of trouble for the first time).

这是我第一次听说该地区发生麻烦。

He was [last heard of](bold) in Washington (=he was in Washington the last time someone had information about him).

人们最后听到他的消息时他在华盛顿。

We don’t hear anything of him these days.

这些日子我们没有听到他的任何消息。

[so I hear/so I’ve heard](bold) [spoken](special)(=used to say that you have been told something or know it already)

There’s a nasty infection going round, so I hear.

我听说最近有一种严重的传染病。

你有没有听说朱莉娅怎么了？

I’ve [heard it said](bold) that they met in Italy.

我听说他们是在意大利相识的。

to listen to all the facts in a case in a court of law in order to make a legal decision

The Supreme Court heard the case on Tuesday.

最高法院于周二审理了此案。

to know that someone or something exists because they have been mentioned to you before

‘Do you know Jill Marshall?’ ‘No, I’ve never heard of her.’

“你知道吉尔·马歇尔吗？”“不知道，我从未听说过她。”

used to say that someone will continue to complain about something or cause problems

某人还会投诉；某人还会带来更多麻烦

I’ll sue him. He hasn’t heard the last of me yet.

我要起诉他，这事还没完呢。

〔安静得〕听得见针落地的声音

You could have heard a pin drop in there.

那里安静得连针落地的声音都可以听见。

used to say that you refuse to agree with a suggestion or proposal

I said we should go back, but Dennis wouldn’t hear of it.

我说我们应该回去了，但丹尼斯不听。

used to say that someone will continue to talk about something for a long time

我/他等将听到没完没了的唠叨

If my Mum finds out, I’ll never hear the end of it.

如果妈妈知道了，她会唠叨个没完。

to imagine you can hear a sound when really there is no sound

There’s no one there. I must be hearing things.

那里什么人也没有，我一定是产生幻听了。

used to emphasize that you are giving someone an order and they must obey you

听见了吗？明白了吗？〔强调别人必须遵守你的命令〕

I want you to leave right now. Do you hear?

我要你现在就离开，明白了吗？

Just shut up, Tom. I can’t hear myself think.

给我闭嘴，汤姆，太吵了。

used to introduce an important official announcement

请大家注意听！〔用于发表重要的正式通告时〕

used in a discussion or meeting to say that you agree with what the speaker is saying

好哇！好哇！〔在讨论时或会议上对某人所说的话表示赞同的呼喊声〕

used when asking someone if they know a joke

used when you do not believe someone’s excuse or explanation

这借口[解释]我以前已听过了〔表示不相信〕，别跟我来这一套

used to say that someone deserves praise, or to ask people to show their approval of someone by clapping


hearing

He lost his hearing as a child after suffering scarlet fever.

Listening to loud music will eventually impair your hearing.

The medication seemed to make her hearing get worse.

My hearing isn't as good as it used to be.

Owls and other predatory birds have very acute hearing.

Poor hearing can affect your social relationships.

There are about 11,000 people in the UK whose sight and hearing are both severely impaired.

He was born with normal hearing but became deaf at the age of 11.

Many older people suffer from some degree of hearing loss.

a special telephone for people with hearing problems

The subtitling service is intended for people who are hard of hearing.

She has remarkable hearing for a lady of her age.

相对于她这样年纪的女性来说，她的听力很不一般。

a meeting of a court or special committee to find out the facts about a case

an opportunity for someone to explain their actions, ideas, or opinions

Let’s give both sides [a fair hearing](bold).

让我们给双方公平的解释机会。

if you say something in someone’s hearing, you say it where they can hear you

There are some words we don’t use in the children’s hearing.

有一些词语我们当着孩子的面是不说的。


heart

[a broken heart](bold) at → [broken](->broken) 2 sense 9 [cross my heart](bold) at → [cross](->cross) 1 sense 11 [have a change of heart](bold) at → [change](->change) 2 sense 1 [sick at heart](bold) at → [sick](->sick) 1 sense 9 [strike at the heart of sth](bold) at → [strike](->strike) 1 sense 7 [wear your heart on your sleeve](bold) at → [wear](->wear) 1 sense 8 [win sb’s heart](bold) at → [win](->win) 1 sense 3

Was there someone in the alley? Joe’s heart began to race.

You should not take this medication if you have heart problems.

Smoking increases the risk of heart disease.

The baby was born with a heart condition.

(=the number of times someone’s heart beats per minute)

Your heart rate increases as you exercise.

Eating oily fish can help maintain a healthy heart.

The effort proved too much for her weak heart.

She may be only small, but she has a big heart.

Julia’s soft heart had been touched by Minnie’s grief.

(=used about someone who does not feel sympathy for other people)

It takes a hard heart not to be moved by these images of suffering.

She made her way to the hospital with a heavy heart.

(=feeling very sad because of a problem in love)

I wonder how many broken hearts Carlo was responsible for.

(= do what your emotions want you to do)

Go for it. Follow your heart. Who cares what everyone else thinks?

She loved Peter with all her heart and soul.

I had little experience of affairs of the heart.

(=someone makes decisions based on emotions rather than careful thought)

He has never been one to let his heart rule his head.

She was rather brisk in manner but with a heart of gold.

You’d have to have a heart of stone not to feel sorry for them.

The team was in good heart, despite their loss this weekend.

He was too sick at heart to know what to say.

the organ in your chest which pumps blood through your body

Can you [hear](bold) my [heart beating](bold)?

Her cheeks were hot and her [heart was pounding](bold).

她脸颊发烫，心怦怦直跳。

My [heart raced](bold). Were we going to land safely?

我心跳得厉害。我们能安全着陆吗？

Daniel had no history of [heart problems](bold).

She suffers from a rare [heart condition](bold).

His breathing and [heart rate](bold) were now normal.

他的呼吸和心率现在都正常了。

the part of you that feels strong emotions and feelings

他的内心充满愤怒和悲伤。

The plight of the refugees had tugged at the nation’s heart.

难民们的困境牵动了全国民众的心。

那位医生有一颗特别善良的心。

She could hardly speak for the [ache](bold) in her [heart](bold).

It would [break](bold) Kate’s [heart](bold)(=make her extremely sad) to leave the lovely old house.

离开那美丽的老房子会让凯特心碎的。

He left the country [with a heavy heart](bold)(=great sadness).

他心情沉重地离开了那个国家。

Edith loved her boy with all her [heart and soul](bold).

伊迪丝全心全意地爱她的儿子。

I was still pretty innocent then when it came to [affairs of the heart](bold)(=matters relating to love and sex).

当时的我面对爱情还很单纯。

a woman with a [heart of gold](bold)(=very kind character)

有着一颗金子般的心的女人

Sometimes I think he’s got a [heart of stone](bold)(=very cruel character).

有时候我觉得他铁石心肠。

I’m glad I [followed](bold) my [heart](bold) rather than my head for once.

我很高兴这一回我追随了内心而不是理智。

My father told me never to let my [heart rule](bold) my [head](bold).

父亲告诫我永远不要让感情左右理智。

[kind-hearted/cold-hearted/hard-hearted etc](bold)(=having a kind, unkind, cruel etc character)

He thinks of himself as a warm-hearted and caring human being.

他认为自己是个热心肠、有爱心的人。

with great sincerity and strength of feeling

I want to thank you from the bottom of my heart.

She sang the songs [straight from the heart](bold).

if you know, feel, or believe something in your heart, you are secretly sure about it although you may not admit it

In her heart she knew she would never go.

她心底里明白自己决不会走。

[Deep in his heart](bold), he wanted Laura back.

在内心深处，他希望劳拉回来。

the most important or central part of a problem, question etc

difficult issues [at the heart of](bold) science policy

We must [get to the heart of](bold) the problem.

我们必须抓住问题的核心。

This inspiring service [gave](bold) us [new heart](bold).

这项激励人心的工作给了我们新的勇气。

We mustn’t [lose heart](bold) when people complain.

人们抱怨的时候我们千万不要失去信心。

We’ve got to [take](bold) a bit of [heart](bold) from the fact that we won.

我们必须从取胜这一事实中获得一些信心。

if you are a particular kind of person at heart, that is the kind of person that you really are even though you may appear or behave differently

He may be a working class boy at heart, but his lifestyle has been transformed.

他本质上可能是工人阶级的孩子，但生活方式已经转变。

Let’s face it, we’re all romantics at heart.

面对事实吧，我们本质上都是浪漫的人。

[have sb’s (best) interests at heart](bold) at → [interest](->interest) 1 sense 5 [young at heart](bold) at → [young](->young) 1 sense 5

the middle part of an area furthest from the edge

an old house at the heart of an ancient forest

地处古老森林中心的一幢老房子

The president liked to go to Williamsburg, a place close to his heart.

总统喜欢去威廉斯堡，那是他非常喜爱的地方。

the thoughts, emotions, and attitudes a group of people have about a particular subject, which is a combination of their strong emotional feelings and their calm and sensible thoughts

The president must try to [win the hearts and minds of](bold) the voters.

总统必须设法赢得选民在思想与感情上的支持。

when you know something by heart, you remember all of it exactly

After a few days of phoning Stephanie, he knew her number by heart.

给斯蒂芬妮打了几天电话后，他记住她的电话号码了。

Actors have to learn their lines by heart.

used to say that someone suddenly lost hope and began to feel unhappy

Her heart sank when she saw the number of books she had to read.

看到有那么多书要读，她的心直往下沉。

with all your strength, energy, or emotion

He hates Los Angeles with all his heart.

to consider what someone says to you very seriously, often because it upsets you

把某事放在心上；为某事耿耿于怀

Anne took his criticisms very much to heart.

我们牢记着斯蒂芬的警告。

used to say that someone feels a lot of sympathy towards another person

My heart goes out to the families of the victims.

我非常同情受害者的家人。

a heart shape printed in red on a playing card

the suitset of playing cards that have these shapes on them

She had lazed around the pool to her heart’s content.

她尽情地在池塘边消磨时光。

The dog can run to its heart’s content out there.

这条狗可以在外面跑个痛快。

used to say that someone suddenly feels a moment of fear or excitement

某人心跳停顿了一下〔表示突然感到惊恐或兴奋〕

His heart missed a beat as he saw the body of a small child at the water’s edge.

看到水边有一具幼儿的尸体，他心跳都停顿了一下。

His father bought him the bike he had set his heart on.

父亲给他买了辆他一心想要的自行车。

She had set her heart on becoming a hairdresser.

someone who likes the same things or behaves in the same way that you do

和我趣味相投[情投意合]的男人/女人等

Geoff really is a man after my own heart.

杰夫真是个与我情投意合的男人。

if you cry, sing etc your heart out, you do it with all your energy or emotion

He found me crying my heart out and was so kind.

他发现我在号啕大哭，对我很体贴。

[eat your heart out](bold) at → [eat](->eat) sense 4 [pour your heart out](bold) at → [pour](->pour)

your heart’s desire/everything your heart could desire

the one thing you want most, or everything that you could possibly want

最渴望的事/一切可能的愿望

生个孩子是她最大的心愿。

to be unable to do something because it will make someone unhappy

I didn’t have the heart to tell her that her beautiful vase was broken.

我不忍心告诉她她那只漂亮的花瓶打碎了。

used to say that someone does not really want to do something

某人的心不在此事上〔指并非真心想做某事〕

She’s getting bored with the job and her heart’s not in it.

她对这工作感到厌烦，她的心已经不在这上面了。

do sth out of the goodness of your heart

to do something out of kindness, not because you have been asked or expect a reward

All these people were helping us out of the goodness of their hearts.

所有这些人都是出于好意帮助我们。

if people take someone to their hearts, they like them very much

The fans have taken Hudson to their hearts.

used to say that you suddenly felt very afraid

我的心都快跳出来了〔指突然感到害怕〕

used to say that someone is really a kind person and has the right feelings about something important

某人心地是善良的，某人的用心是好的

I don’t think his idea will work, though his heart’s in the right place.

我觉得他的想法行不通，虽然他的本意是好的。

used to say that something makes you feel happy

used to say that someone suddenly feels happy and full of hope

某人的心怦怦乱跳〔指突然感到高兴、充满希望〕

‘I couldn’t live without you,’ he said and Jane’s heart leapt.

“没有你我活不下去。”他说。一听此言，简心如鹿撞。

The team are in good heart and ready for the season’s matches.

这支球队情绪高昂，已准备好迎接本赛季的比赛。

used to tell someone not to be too strict or unkind – used humorously

发发善心吧！做做好事吧！〔幽默用法〕

to know the way to please someone – used humorously

知道如何讨好某人〔幽默用法〕

used to say that you do not really feel any sympathy towards someone

（某人）真可怜〔反语，表示并非真的同情某人〕


heart

to like something or someone very much – used especially on the Internet and in magazines


heart attack

a sudden serious medical condition in which someone’s heart stops working normally, causing them great pain

to make someone suddenly feel frightened, surprised, or shocked, or to suddenly feel this way

把某人吓得要死/吓得要心脏病发作

You almost gave me a heart attack there!

你差点吓得我心脏病发作！


heat

→ [dead heat](->dead heat) → [white heat](->white heat) [if you can’t stand the heat, get out of the kitchen](bold) at → [stand](->stand) 1 sense 16

She was in need of a cooling drink in the intense heat.

the searing/stifling/sweltering/scorching etc heat

The desert is a place of scorching heat by day and bitter cold by night.

The earth had cracked in the endless dry heat.

(=the warm, damp weather in the hottest parts of the world)

He stepped off the plane into the tropical heat.

He went indoors to escape the summer heat.

Why would you want to play tennis in a hundred-degree heat?

The locals retreat to their cool houses and sleep during the heat of the day.

Insulating the attic is a good way to reduce heat loss.

为阁楼安装隔热层是减少热量流失的好方法。

Angela liked to rest during [the heat of the day](bold)(=the hottest part of the day).

安杰拉喜欢在一天中最热的时段休息一下。

Firefighters were beaten back by [the intense heat](bold).

消防队员被高温迫得后退。

the level of temperature used when cooking or heating something

Cook the chicken portions over a high heat.

When the milk comes to the boil, turn off the heat.

Now [reduce](bold) the [heat](bold) and cover the pan.

现在把火关小，盖上锅盖。

strong feelings, especially anger or excitement

强烈的感情；〔尤指〕愤怒，激动

Reconciliation services can [take the heat out of](bold)(=reduce the anger in) the dispute.

Quick decisions had to be made in the heat of the negotiations.

当时谈判处于白热阶段，必须快速作出决定。

[In the heat of the moment](bold)(=when feelings were very strong), Nick threatened to resign.

尼克一时冲动，扬言要辞职。

[The heat is on](bold)(=there is a lot of pressure) as schools struggle to finish their entries by the deadline.

各学校要赶在截止日期之前完成参赛作品，压力很大。

The team [turned up the heat](bold)(=used more effort against their opponents) in the last few minutes to score two more goals.

在比赛的最后几分钟，该队加紧进攻再进两球。

There was a lot of heat, and it affected our relationship.

压力很大，这影响了我们的关系。

the system in a house or other building that keeps it warm in the winter, or the warmth from this system

供暖系统，暖气设备；暖气

a part of a race or competition whose winners then compete against each other in the next part

比尔在分组赛中名列第二。

if a female animal is on heat, her body is ready to have sex with a male


heated

a heated swimming pool, room etc is made warm using a heater

〔人工〕加热的；有暖气的

an argument etc that is full of angry and excited feelings

激烈的争论/辩论/讨论等


heater

a machine for making air or water hotter


heating

The house didn't have any heating when we moved in.

It's getting colder, but we haven't had the heating on yet.

I don't like to leave the heating on at night.

Why don't you put the heating on if you're cold?

The heating goes off automatically when the room is warm enough.

They've installed solar heating in the new house.

Underfloor heating is popular in bathrooms.

The gas leak was caused by a faulty heating system.

a system for making a room or building warm


heave

to pull or lift something very heavy with one great effort

艾伦把他的手提箱拖到床上。

We had to heave on the rope holding the anchor to get it on board.

我们得用力拉锚绳以把锚拽上甲板。

to throw something heavy using a lot of effort

John heaved the metal bar over the fence.

约翰把金属棒扔过了篱笆。

to breathe in and then breathe out noisily and slowly once

Rebecca [heaved a sigh of relief](bold).

丽贝卡宽慰地舒了一口气。

to move up and down with very strong movements

Michael’s shoulders heaved with silent laughter.

迈克尔憋着不笑出声来，双肩直抖。

The sea heaved up and down beneath the boat.

to appear, especially by getting closer from a distance

A few moments later a large ship hove into view.

过了一会儿，远处出现一艘大船。


heave

a strong pulling, pushing, or lifting movement


heaven

[be in seventh heaven](bold) at → [seventh](->seventh) 1 sense 2 [thank heaven(s)](bold) at → [thank](->thank) sense 2

the place where God is believed to live and where good people are believed to go when they die

He believed that he and his wife would one day be together again in heaven.

他相信他和妻子有一天会在天国重聚。

an extremely enjoyable situation or place

Sitting by the pool with a good book is my idea of heaven.

坐在泳池边看一本好书就是我心目中的极乐之事。

Put a baseball in his hand and he’s in heaven.

给他一个棒球他就觉得美极了。

Living on the farm for Jim was [heaven on earth](bold).

对吉姆来说，农场生活就是人间天堂。

[a match/marriage made in heaven](bold)(=a happy and successful marriage)

used to show that you are annoyed or angry

天哪，哎呀〔表示厌烦或生气〕

Oh, for heaven’s sake, Mark, do you have to make everything into a joke?

啊，天哪！马克，你什么事都非得开玩笑吗？

used to emphasize a question, request, order, or opinion

看在上帝的分上〔用以强调问题、要求、命令或观点〕

For heaven’s sake, let’s all get to sleep.

看在上帝的分上，我们都睡觉吧。

used to emphasize that you do not know something

He won’t tell me what he thinks. Heaven knows why.

他不会告诉我他是怎么想的。谁知道是为什么。

确实，的确，无疑〔用以加强语气〕

Sue can’t take a holiday yet, though heaven knows she needs a rest.

尽管休非常需要休息，可她还不能休假。

used to express sympathy for someone who is in a dangerous or difficult situation

愿上天保佑某人〔用于对有危险或处于困境的人表示同情〕

‘The two boys are going to the dentist on Thursday.’ ‘Heaven help the dentist.’

“这两个男孩星期四要去看牙。”“愿上天保佑那位牙医。”

used to say that you will be very angry with someone if they do something

[Heaven help](bold) him [if](bold) he ever comes back here again!

要是他再回到这里来，我一定饶不了他！

used to say that you very much hope something will not happen

但愿不要这样，但愿不会发生

What would you do financially if, heaven forbid, your husband died?

要是你丈夫去世了——但愿不会这样——你经济上怎么办？

used when asking a surprised and angry question

到底[究竟]什么/怎么/为什么等

Just then, [the heavens opened](bold)(=it started to rain heavily).

就在那时，下起了倾盆大雨。

I would move heaven and earth to help her.


heavenly

extremely pleasant, enjoyable, or beautiful

极好的；令人非常愉快的；非常美丽的

We found a tiny hotel in a heavenly spot with a beautiful bay.

我们在一个环境宜人的地方发现一家小旅馆，旁边还有美丽的海湾。

[the Heavenly Host](bold)(=all the angels)

existing in or relating to the sky or stars

[heavenly bodies](bold)(=the Moon,[planet](bold,->planet)s, and stars)


heavily

in large amounts, to a high degree, or with great severity

很多地，大量地；非常；严重地

I became [heavily involved](bold) in politics.

The report was [heavily criticized](bold) in the press.

该报道遭到了新闻界的严厉批评。

thousands of [heavily armed](bold) troops

His wife was [heavily pregnant](bold) at the time.

大雨已经下了整整一天了。

那时保罗喝酒喝得很厉害。

Britain is heavily dependent on imports for its raw materials.

英国的原材料严重依赖进口。

if you sleep heavily, you cannot be woken easily

Breathing heavily, I stopped and sat down to rest.

我喘着粗气，停住坐下来休息。

having a large broad body that looks strong

if you do or say something heavily, you do it slowly and with a lot of effort, especially because you are sad or bored

〔尤因伤心或无聊而〕行动[言语]缓慢地

他低着头走，步履沉重而缓慢。

“我想是这样的。”她沉重地说。

to do something a lot or be very interested in it

沉湎于某事物；对某事物非常着迷

Sid was heavily into drugs by the time he left school.


heavy

[comparative](italic) [heavier](bold) [superlative](italic) [heaviest](bold)

The wardrobe was too heavy for me to move on my own.

衣橱太重，我一个人移不动。

The males are seven times heavier than the females.

雄性的重量是雌性的七倍。

[How heavy](bold) is the parcel (=how much does it weigh?)?

很多的，大量的；程度大的；严重的

The [traffic](bold) going into London was very [heavy](bold).

通往伦敦的交通非常繁忙。

[Heavy rain](bold) has caused flooding in many areas.

大雨在很多地区造成水灾。

[Heavy fighting](bold) was reported near the border.

据报道边境附近发生了激烈的战斗。

[Heavy drinking](bold) during pregnancy can damage your baby.

怀孕期间大量喝酒会伤害到胎儿。

If found guilty, they face [heavy fines](bold) or even prison.

如被裁定有罪，他们将面临巨额罚款，甚至可能入狱。

There were [heavy casualties](bold) on both sides.

England’s [heavy defeat](bold) in yesterday’s match

英格兰队在昨天比赛中的惨败

the film’s [heavy use](bold) of special effects

影片中特技效果的大量运用

needing a lot of physical strength and effort

My son does most of the [heavy](bold) outdoor [work](bold).

大部分户外粗活是我儿子干的。

She has a bad back and can’t do any [heavy lifting](bold).

她的背不好，不能提重物。

not easy or entertaining and needing a lot of mental effort

I want something to read on holiday – nothing too heavy.

我想找点东西假期里看，要不太费脑子的。

I [found](bold) his latest novel a bit [heavy going](bold).

我认为他最新的小说有点难懂。

大量[过度]消耗[使用]某物

The garden was heavy with the scent of summer.

‘Of course,’ she said, her voice heavy with sarcasm.

“当然。”她说道，语气中充满了挖苦的意味。

紧张[工作繁重]的日程/时间表/一天等

Let’s go to bed. We’ve got a heavy day tomorrow.

我们睡觉吧，明天还有很多事要做呢。

to make something that you are doing seem more difficult or complicated than it really is – used to show disapproval

将某事复杂化，对某事小题大做〔含贬义〕

Why does he need to make such heavy weather of a simple task?

这么简单的工作他为什么要弄得那么复杂？

[heavy artillery](bold)(=large powerful guns)

a company which manufactures [heavy machinery](bold)

heavy materials, clothes, shoes, or objects are thick or solidly made

穿沉重靴子走路时的脚步声

Melt the butter in a heavy pan over a medium heat.

把黄油放在厚锅里用中火熔化。

solid and making your stomach feel full and uncomfortable

if your eyes are heavy, it is difficult to keep them open, usually because you are tired

〔由于疲倦而〕眼皮沉重的

他疲惫不堪，眼皮都抬不起来了。

〔身材〕粗壮的；〔五官〕粗糙的

Kyle is a tall man with a [heavy build](bold)(=a large broad body).

used to politely describe someone who is fat

hitting something or falling with a lot of force or weight

the sound of heavy footsteps in the hall

Ali caught him with a heavy blow to the jaw.

阿里一记重拳打在他的下巴上。

a sports ground or race track that is heavy is muddy

〔运动场地或跑道〕泥泞的

[The going](bold) was [heavy](bold)(=it was muddy for the horse races) at Cheltenham yesterday.

昨天切尔滕纳姆的赛马场地很泥泞。

too warm and not at all fresh because there is no wind

甚至在黄昏时空气仍然闷热。

a relationship or situation that is heavy involves serious or strong feelings

She didn’t want things to [get](bold) too [heavy](bold) at such an early stage in their relationship.

她不想刚开始和他交往就投入太多感情。

to start behaving in a threatening or strict way

（对某人）露出凶恶的态度，严厉起来

He came round and started getting heavy about the money I owed him.

他来到我的住处，开始恶狠狠地向我讨债。

a situation in which people do not speak and feel sad, anxious, or embarrassed

令人心情沉重[难堪]的静默/气氛

房间里顿时静下来，气氛沉重。

clouds that look dark and grey as though it will soon rain

睡觉时不易醒的人，睡得很沉的人

remarks that very clearly say the opposite of what you really feel

It was with a heavy heart that Kate said goodbye.

凯特怀着沉重的心情告别。

a very important datean occasion when you meet someone you like in a romantic way with a boyfriend or girlfriend – usually used humorously

〔男女间的〕重要约会〔一般为幽默用法〕


heavy

if time hangs or lies heavy on your hands, it seems to pass slowly because you are bored or have nothing to do

to be very involved in an activity, especially one that is not good for you

Eric was real heavy into drugs for a while.

埃里克曾一度沉溺于毒品。


heavy

a large strong man who is paid to protect someone or to threaten other people


hedge

[look as if you’ve been dragged through a hedge backwards](bold) at → [drag](->drag) 1 sense 13

a row of small bushes or trees growing close together, usually dividing one field or garden from another

〔用低矮的灌木或树筑起的〕树篱

something that protects you against possible problems, especially financial loss

〔尤为避免金钱损失的〕防范措施

Buying a house will be a hedge against inflation.

买房子是应对通货膨胀的一种防范手段。


hedge

[past tense and past participle](italic) [hedged](bold) [present participle](italic) [hedging](bold)

to avoid giving a direct answer to a question

You’re hedging again – have you got the money or haven’t you?

你又在闪烁其词了，你究竟有没有钱？

‘That depends on my partner,’ she hedged.

“那取决于我的合伙人。”她避重就轻地答道。

to reduce your chances of failure or loss by trying several different possibilities instead of one

多处下注以减少风险，对冲风险

It’s a good idea to hedge your bets by applying to more than one college.

同时向几所大学提出申请是个保险的好主意。


heel

→ [Achilles' heel](->Achilles' heel) → [down-at-heel](->down-at-heel) → [well-heeled](->well-heeled) [click your heels](bold) at → [click](->click) 1 sense 1 [cool your heels](bold) at → [cool](->cool) 2 sense 4 [dig your heels in](bold) at → [dig](->dig) 1 sense 4 [drag your heels](bold) at → [drag](->drag) 1 sense 8 [be/fall head over heels in love](bold) at → [head](->head) 1 sense 36 [kick your heels](bold) at → [kick](->kick) 1 sense 9

the raised part on the bottom of a shoe that makes the shoe higher at the back

the part of a sock that covers your heel

the part of your hand between the bottom of your thumb and your wrist

Using the heel of your hand, press the dough firmly into shape.

用手掌根使劲把面团压成形。

Whenever she [wore heels](bold) she was taller than the men she worked with.

她穿上高跟鞋就会比男同事都高。

if a person or animal is at your heels, they are following closely behind you

紧跟着某人，紧随某人之后

He could hear the dog trotting at his heels.

他能听见那条狗小跑着紧紧跟在他身后。

紧接着某事，在某事后不久

The decision to buy Peters [came](bold) hard [on the heels of](bold) the club’s promotion to Division One.

该俱乐部刚升至甲级就作出了购买彼得斯的决定。

following closely behind someone, especially in order to catch or attack them

〔尤指为捉拿或袭击而〕紧跟某人

With the enemy army hard on his heels, he crossed the Somme at Blanche-Taque.

敌军穷追不舍，他在布朗什－塔克渡过了索姆河。

to force someone to behave in the way that you want them to

if a dog comes to heel, it comes back to its owner when the owner calls it

〔狗被召唤时〕来到主人跟前

if someone comes to heel, they start to behave in the way that you want them to

As soon as he saw me he took to his heels.

to suddenly turn away from someone, especially in an angry or rude way

〔尤指生气地或无礼地〕突然转身

Before anyone could say a word, he turned on his heel and walked out of the room.

还没等谁说出一句话，他转身就走出了房间。

completely controlled by a government or group

任由 …摆布；被 …操纵

a people under the heel of an increasingly dictatorial regime

a man who behaves badly towards other people


heel

used to tell your dog to walk next to you


hefty

[adj](bold) <[usually before noun](bold)>

a hefty amount of something, especially money, is very large

〔尤指金钱〕大量的，巨额的

a hefty blow, kick etc is done using a lot of force


height

Sam’s about the same height as his sister now.

萨姆现在和他姐姐差不多高了。

说出你的年龄、身高和体重。

[six feet/ten metres etc in height](bold)

None of these sculptures was less than three metres in height.

这些雕塑的高度无一低于3米。

[a height of six feet/ten metres etc](bold)

Sunflowers can grow to a height of 15 feet.

向日葵可以长到15英尺。

the distance something is above the ground

It’s a miracle she didn’t break her neck falling from that height.

她从那么高的地方掉下来居然没有摔断脖子，真是个奇迹。

[a height of 2,500 feet/10,000 metres etc](bold)

The aircraft was flying at a height of 10,000 metres.

[gain/lose height](bold)(=move higher or lower in the sky)

a place or position that is a long way above the ground

a bird that opens shellfish by dropping them from a height onto rocks

把贝类从高处抛向岩石来把壳打开的一只鸟

Rachel had always been [scared of heights](bold).

[have a head for heights](bold)(=not be afraid of heights)

a particular high place – used especially in place names

a very high level of achievement or success

新的/巨大的/令人目眩的等高度[成就]

He reached the dizzy heights of the national finals.

他成绩斐然，进入了全国总决赛。

They [took](bold) ice dancing [to new heights](bold).

他们将冰上舞蹈提升到一个新的层次。

好战情绪达到了新的高点。

the busiest or most extreme part of a period or activity

某事物最繁忙的时候[季节]；某事物的高潮[顶点]

be at the height of your success/fame/powers etc

to be more successful, famous etc than at any other time

处于成功/名声/权力等的巅峰

The Beatles were at the height of their fame.

当时正是披头士乐队最出名的时候。

be the height of fashion/stupidity/luxury etc

是最时髦的/愚蠢的/奢侈的等

Flared trousers were considered to be the height of fashion in those days.

喇叭裤那时被认为是最时髦的服装。


heighten

if something heightens a feeling, effect etc, or if a feeling etc heightens, it becomes stronger or increases

There are fears that the march will heighten racial tension.

有人担心这次游行会加深种族间的紧张局势。

Increased levels of fat in the diet could heighten the risk of cancer.

饮食中脂肪摄入量的提升会增加患癌症的风险。

[heighten (sb’s) awareness (of sth)](bold)(=make people realize something more clearly)

The case has heightened public awareness of the problem of sexual harassment.

这宗案件提高了公众对性骚扰问题的认识。


heir

the person who has the legal right to receive the property or title of another person when they die

John was the sole heir to a vast estate.

约翰是一大笔遗产的唯一继承人。

[heir to the throne](bold)(=the person who will become king or queen)

the person who will take over a position or job after you, or who does things or thinks in a similar way to you

Jonson was his political heir as leader of the Nationalist Party.


helicopter

a type of aircraft with large metal blades on top which turn around very quickly to make it fly


hell

[not a hope in hell (of doing sth)](bold) at → [hope](->hope) 2 sense 3

the place where the souls of bad people are believed to be punished after death, especially in the Christian and Muslim religions

〔尤为基督教和伊斯兰教中所指的〕地狱

a place or situation in which people suffer very much, either physically or emotionally

My mother [made](bold) my [life hell](bold).

These past few days have been a [living hell](bold).

过去这几天真是人间地狱。

She must have [gone through hell](bold) every day, the way we teased her about her weight.

她每天的日子一定不好过，我们总是拿她的体重开玩笑。

They described the war zone as sheer hell.

他们把交战区描述成十足的地狱。

He says his time in jail was [hell on earth](bold).

他说他在牢里是置身人间地狱。

a situation, experience, or place that is very unpleasant

极糟的情况[经历，地方]

“你考得怎样？”“糟透了！”

used to show that you are very surprised or angry

到底什么/怎么/为什么/哪里等？〔表示惊讶或愤怒〕

used to emphasize the idea that something is very big, very good, very bad etc

极，非常〔用以加强语气〕

I’ve come one hell of a long way to get here.

我走了老远的路才到这里。

Envy like yours is a hell of a good motive for murder.

你那种嫉妒心构成了谋杀的充分理由。

used when you are very angry with someone

见鬼去吧！〔表示对某人很生气〕

If John doesn’t like it, he can go to hell!

如果约翰不喜欢这样，让他见鬼去吧！

感觉/看起来不舒服[疲惫]

我整整一星期都感到很不舒服。

把某人打得/惊得/吓得半死

We have only one aim: to beat the hell out of the opposition.

我们只有一个目标: 把对手打得屁滚尿流。

They shot people just for the hell of it.

他们朝人射击只是为了好玩。

used to say that you will do something and not worry about any problems it causes

管它呢！〔表示不顾后果〕

Elaine poured herself a large glass of whisky – what the hell, it was Christmas.

伊莱恩给自己倒了一大杯威士忌，管它呢，今天是圣诞节。

used to say that you do not care about someone or something anymore

让某人/某事物见鬼去吧〔表示不在乎某人或某事物〕

I want to live for the present, and to hell with the consequences.

我只想为现在而活，管它以后怎样。

to run, fight etc very quickly or very much

拼命地跑/痛得要命/拼命地打等

我的新鞋夹脚，痛得要命。

used to say that you do not agree with what someone has said

‘You keep out of this, Ma.’ ‘Like hell I will.’

“妈妈，这件事你就别管了。”“我决不会不管的。”

something or someone that is the worst you can imagine

非常内疚的/腼腆的/生气的等

If I had your problems, I’d be mad as hell.

假如我遇到你那样的问题，非气炸不可。

used to emphasize that something is true

的确，确实〔强调某事物的真实性〕

I don’t scare easily, but I was sure as hell scared.

我不会轻易感到害怕，不过我刚才确实很怕。

to treat someone in an unpleasant or angry way

She didn’t like him, and gave him hell at the slightest opportunity.

她不喜欢他，一有机会就要他不好过。

used to say that people will be very angry

If they find us there’ll be hell to pay.

如果他们发现我们，那可就麻烦了。

to go through a very difficult situation

为了那个男孩，我赴汤蹈火也愿意。

used to say that people suddenly become very noisy or angry

Journalists woke him with the news and all hell broke loose.

记者们叫醒他，把消息告诉了他，顿时就炸开了锅。

in spite of any problems or difficulties

I decided I would get the job done by Friday, come hell or high water.

我决定无论如何都要在星期五之前完成这项工作。

if a system or organization has gone to hell in a handbasket, it has stopped working well and is now working very badly

〔系统或机构〕陷入绝境，败落不堪

The education system in this country has gone to hell in a handbasket.

这个国家的教育体系已经山穷水尽。

(also: [hell’s teeth](bold) ([BrE](bold)) )

used to express great annoyance or surprise

见鬼了〔表示极度厌烦或惊讶〕

to make something stop working or happening as it should

The cold weather played hell with the weekend sports schedule.

寒冷的天气打乱了周末的体育活动安排。

to protest strongly and angrily about a situation

someone who does exactly what they want and does not care what happens as a result.

我行我素的人；做事不顾后果的人

used to say that something will never happen

You’ll catch hell when your Mom comes home!


hell

见鬼，该死〔表示愤怒或气恼〕

真该死！我把钱包落在家里了。

见鬼，该死〔用来加强语气〕


hello

used when you meet someone, or when you start a telephone conversation. In everyday English, most people usually say [hi](bold) because it sounds more friendly. You use [hello](bold) especially when talking to people you do not know well, or to older people

Hello. Could I speak to someone in customer service, please?

used as a friendly greeting when you meet someone start a telephone conversation, or at the beginning of an email

used as a friendly greeting when you see someone you know well and you want to start talking to them

used as a very informal greeting when speaking to someone you know well

good morning/good afternoon/good evening

used when meeting someone at a particular time of day. In everyday English, people usually just say [Morning!](bold), [Afternoon!](bold) etc

(also: how are you doing?/how’s it going? (informal) )

used when you are greeting someone and starting a conversation

How’s it going Tom? I haven’t seen you for ages.

Hi Helen. How are you doing? Is the new job going well?

used when you meet someone for the first time, especially after you have just been told their name. [How do you do](bold) sounds very formal. These days in everyday English, people often say [hi](bold) when meeting someone for the first time

‘John, I’d like you to meet our new project manager, Nisha Patel.’ ‘How do you do?’

used when you meet someone for the first time and have just been told their name

‘Richard, this is my brother Ronnie.’ ‘Nice to meet you, Ronnie.’

‘My name is Lena Curtis.’ ‘Pleased to meet you, I’m David Bennet.’

Mrs Parrish, it’s good to meet you after hearing Lynn talk so much about you.

also: hallo ,: hullo ([BrE](bold))  [interjection](bold) [n](bold) <[C](bold)>

used as a greeting when you see or meet someone

喂，哈啰，你好〔问候语〕

Stanley, come and [say hello](bold) to your nephew.

斯坦利，过来和你的侄子打声招呼。

Well, [hello there](bold)! I haven’t seen you for ages.

In everyday English, in informal situations, people often say [hi](bold)  rather than [hello](bold) :

“[Hi](bold), Karen.” “[Hi](bold), Richard. How are things with you?”

used when answering the telephone or starting a telephone conversation

used when calling to get someone’s attention

喂〔用以引起别人的注意〕

used when you think someone is not acting sensibly or has said something stupid

喔唷〔表示认为别人行为不明智或说话愚蠢〕

You didn’t remember her birthday? Hello!

你不记得她的生日啦？喔唷！

used to show that you are surprised or confused by something

to have a quick conversation with someone

Promise you’ll look in and say hello when you have time.

答应我，有时间的话你来看看我，打个招呼。


helmet

a strong hard hat that soldiers, motorcycle riders, the police etc wear to protect their heads

→ [crash helmet](->crash helmet) → [pith helmet](->pith helmet)


help

to make it easier for someone to do something, by doing something for them or giving them something they need

Dad, I can’t do my homework. Will you help me?

He was employed to assist the manager in his duties.

Some of the guests assisted with the preparation of the food.

to help someone to do something – used especially when saying that something helps your body to do something

There are plenty of materials to aid the teacher.

to help someone, especially because there are not enough people to do all the work, or they need someone to give them something

Organizing the school trip will be a lot of work, so I need some volunteers to help out.

My parents have helped us out on several occasions by sending us money.

to help someone to do something, especially by carrying or lifting things

Can you give me a hand moving these boxes?

Dave wants to paint the kitchen and I promised I’d give him a hand.

to help someone, especially when there are not enough people to do something

Scott is moving on Saturday and we promised to lend a hand.

I went over to see if I could lend a hand.

to make it possible or easier for someone to do something by doing part of their work or by giving them something they need

If there’s anything I can do to help, just give me a call.

如果需要我帮忙，就给我打个电话。

I helped her to carry her cases up the stairs.

herbal products that help you to relax and sleep

有助于放松和睡眠的草药产品

She was coming to help clean the machines.

My father said he’s going to help me with the fees.

父亲说费用问题他会帮我解决的。

help sb on/off with sth (=help someone put on or take off a piece of clothing)

Here, let me help you on with your coat.

help sb somewhere (=help someone get to a particular place, especially because they are old, ill, or hurt)

to make a situation better, easier, or less painful

（使）〔形势〕改善，（使）好转；减轻〔痛苦〕

If you get rid of your car you could be helping the environment.

假如你处理掉汽车，说不定会有助于改善环境。

[It helps](bold) my concentration [if](bold) I listen to music while I’m working.

我工作时听音乐更容易集中注意力。

[It helped](bold) a lot to know that someone understood how I felt.

知道有人理解我的感受，我感觉好多了。

Eight hours of deep sleep [helped enormously](bold).

八小时的酣睡非常有好处。

to take some of what you want, without asking permission – used especially when offering food to someone

Obviously he had been helping himself to the money.

used to call people and ask them to help you when you are in danger

(also: [sb can’t help but do sth](bold) )

used to say that someone is unable to change their behaviour or feelings, or to prevent themselves from doing something

某人忍不住做某事，某人不能停止做某事

She [couldn’t help it if](bold) she was being irrational.

她不理智的时候自己也无法控制。

‘Stop biting your nails.’ ‘I [can’t help it](bold).’

“别咬指甲啦。”“我忍不住。”

[sb can’t help feeling/thinking/wondering etc sth](bold)

I can’t help feeling that there has been a mistake.

我总觉得什么地方出了错。

I couldn’t help thinking about the past.

I couldn’t help myself/she couldn’t help herself etc

to be unable to stop yourself from doing something you should not do

我/她等忍不住[无法控制自己]

She knew she sounded just like her mother but she couldn’t help herself.

她知道自己的语气与母亲一模一样，但就是无法控制自己。

used to say that there is nothing you can do to change a bad situation

She said she had to leave him for a while; it couldn’t be helped.

她说她不得不暂时离开他；那是没办法的事。

sb is helping the police with their enquiries

the police are interviewing someone about a crime, especially because they believe that this person may have committed the crime

[give/lend/offer etc sb a helping hand](bold)

She’s been giving me a helping hand with the children.

used to say that you are not going to do something

‘Are you going to watch the school play?’ ‘Not if I can help it.’

“你会去看学校话剧表演吗？”“能不去就不去。”

used to say that something bad may happen to someone

上帝保佑他/他们等〔用于表示可能会有不好的事发生在某人身上〕

‘Good luck.’ ‘God help me. I think I’m going to need it.’

“祝你好运。”“上帝保佑我，我想我真的需要好运。”

used when making a serious promise, especially in a court of law

我发誓；上天作证〔尤在法庭上发誓时用〕


help

the things you do to make it easier or possible for someone to do something

Now that I’m working, the kids need to give me more help with the housework.

The book would never have been finished without his help.

help. [Assistance](bold) is more formal than [help](bold), and is used especially about people giving official help

The police are asking the public for their assistance.

The project received financial assistance from the government.

Thank you very much for your assistance, sir.

He set up the business with the assistance of his two sons.

help. [Aid ](bold)is more formal than [help](bold), and is used especially about money, food, medicine etc. that is given to countries or people that are in a very bad situation

Aid is being sent to areas affected by the earthquake.

The US spends billions of dollars on aid to developing countries.

Another driver stopped and came to his aid.

Thanks to everyone who gave us their support.

We could not have won the case without your support.

help – used especially when people, organizations, or countries work together to get things done, and show that they are willing to do this

The cooperation of landowners was needed for the plan to succeed.

extra people, equipment etc that can be used in case people need help

The officer waited for backup to arrive before making any arrests.

Some of the older patients need help with walking.

The taxi driver offered his help and we accepted.

The government should do more to provide help for people who are looking for work.

The police are appealing for help to track down the killer.

She enlisted the help of a private investigator to find her missing son.

To get it finished by tomorrow, we’ll need to find help from somewhere.

We received a lot of financial help from my family.

You need to seek some professional help.

You can find free legal help for your problem by logging onto our website.

I might need some technical help understanding the instructions.

The organization offers practical help with finding accommodation.

If the issues are complex, expert help can be sought from the adoption agency.

You will be able to get confidential help from your doctor.

The fund was set up to give financial help to war veterans.

If you have to move, we provide financial help towards the cost.

We offer free help for people with debts.

He decided to seek medical help for his drink problem.

Do you want any help with the washing up?

I could do with some help to bring the bags in from the car.

我需要有人帮我把袋子从车里拿进来。

He asked for my help in getting an interview with her.

他请我帮忙争取一个采访她的机会。

We manage, with the help of a nurse who comes daily.

有一位护士每天都来，在她的帮助下，我们勉强应付。

if someone or something is a help to you, they are useful and make it easier for you to do something

I managed to make myself understood with the help of a phrase book.

在短语手册的帮助下我勉强让别人明白了我的意思。

[be of great/little/no/some etc help (to sb)](bold)

Let me know if I can be of any help to you.

如果我能帮上你的忙就说一声。

[be a (great/big/tremendous/real etc) help (to sb)](bold)

你真是帮了我大忙了，卡丽。

advice, treatment, information, or money which is given to people who need it

援助，资助〔指建议、治疗、资料或金钱〕

A lot of these children need professional help.

许多这样的儿童需要专业人士的帮助。

You may be able to ask for help with the rent.

你也许能要求租金上的援助。

我们没有得到警察的帮助。

a part of a computer program that helps someone using it by giving additional information

帮助〔指计算机程序所提供的使用说明〕


helper

I was a classroom helper at the local primary school.

我是当地小学的课室助理。

someone who is employed to do some of the work in someone else’s home


helpful

providing useful help in making a situation better or easier

Thank you for your advice; it’s been very helpful.

谢谢你的建议，它非常有用。

It is helpful to discuss your problems with your friends.

和朋友商量自己的问题很有帮助。

It is helpful for family members to gain a basic understanding of the illness.

家庭成员了解这一疾病的基本知识很有帮助。

[It is helpful if](bold) we address a few key questions here.

如果我们在这里解决一些关键问题会很有用的。

We hope this leaflet has been helpful in answering your questions.

我们希望这份传单对回答你们的问题有帮助。

Our sales staff are there to give you helpful advice.

我们的销售人员随时为你们提供有用的建议。


helping

the amount of food that someone gives you or that you take


helpless

unable to look after yourself or to do anything to help yourself

He began to feel depressed and helpless.

Newman threw out a hand in a helpless gesture.

纽曼伸出手做了个无助的手势。

unable to control a strong feeling that you have

He was near to death, and I was helpless with fear.

他即将死去，我无法抑制心中的恐惧。

We both collapsed into helpless giggles.

我们俩都控制不住地咯咯发笑。


hemisphere

[hemispherical](bold) /ˌhemɪˈsferɪk/  adj.

a half of the Earth, especially one of the halves above and below the equator

〔地球的〕半球〔尤指北半球或南半球〕

half of a spherean object which is round like a ball


hence

→see THESAURUS at [therefore](->therefore)

The area was full of black smoke from factories, hence the name "the Black Country."

此地区曾经到处是工厂排出的黑烟，因此得名“黑乡”。

The cost of transport is a major expense for an industry. Hence factory location is an important consideration.

运输成本是企业的一大支出，因此工厂选址是重要的考虑因素。

ten days from now, five months from now etc


her

[determiner](bold) <[possessive form of ‘she’](bold)>

belonging to or connected with a woman, girl, or female animal that has already been mentioned

她的；它的〔指雌性动物〕

connected with a country, ship, car etc that has already been mentioned

她的；它的〔指已提及的国家、船只、车辆等〕

Her top speed is about 110 miles an hour.

它的最高时速大约为110英里。


her

[pron](bold) <[object form of ‘she’](bold)>

used to refer to a woman, girl, or female animal that has already been mentioned or is already known about

玛格丽特想让我和她一起去。

used to refer to a country, ship, car etc that has already been mentioned

她，它〔指已提及的国家、船只、车辆等〕；它

God bless this ship and all who sail in her.

愿上帝保佑这条船和船上所有的人。


herald

to be a sign of something that is going to come or happen soon

A flash of lightning heralded torrential rain.

一道闪电预示着暴雨即将来临。

Flashing blue lights heralded the arrival of the police.

闪烁的蓝色灯光预示警察就要到达。

to say publicly that someone or something will be good or important

When it opened, the hospital was heralded as a new way forward in nursing care.

该医院开业时被誉为护理业向前迈进的新的一步。


herald

someone who carried messages from a ruler in the past

a sign that something is soon going to happen

a bowl of daffodils, the first bright heralds of spring

一盆水仙花，春天的第一个鲜明的预兆


herb

a small plant that is used to improve the taste of food, or to make medicine

Sprinkle the dish with chopped fresh herbs.

在菜肴上撒些切碎的新鲜香草。


herd

a group of animals of one kind that live and feed together

〔同一种类并一同活动的〕兽群，牧群

people generally, especially when thought of as being easily influenced by others

〔易受人支配的〕民众，老百姓，芸芸众生

You have to be an individual; it’s no use running with the herd.

你必须特立独行，随大溜没有用处。

the [herd instinct](bold)(=the need to behave in the same way as everyone else does)


herd

to bring people together in a large group, especially roughly

〔尤指粗暴地〕使集合在一起

The prisoners were [herded together](bold).

I don’t want to be herded around with a lot of tourists.

我不想和许多游客一起被带到这里那里的。

The visitors were herded into two large halls.

游客们被赶进两个大厅里。

to make animals move together in a group

used to say that trying to control or organize a group of people is very difficult


here

You use [here](bold)  on its own, when you are talking about a place or organization: The people here are poor. Do you work here?
Don’t say: [The people in here are poor.](strike)  [Do you work in here?](strike)

You use [in here](bold)  when talking about the inside of a building, room, cupboard etc: It’s crowded in here. There aren’t enough chairs in here.

You say [come here](bold) : Before I came here, I didn’t speak any English.
Don’t say: [come to here](strike)

Use [here is](bold)  when giving or showing something to someone: Here is the book you wanted.

Use [there is](bold)  or [there are](bold)  to say what is in a place: There are many species of birds here.
Don’t say: [Here are many species of birds.](strike)

此处的这个开关控制电灯。

我这位朋友会给你指路的。

What was she doing up here in the woods?

Would you close the window? It’s cold in here.

请你把窗关上好吗？这里很冷。

There are no good pubs [round here](bold).

Let’s settle the matter [here and now](bold).

Here is your chance to change your life.

scattered around or happening in several different places

The house just needs a bit of paint here and there.

这房子只是有些地方需要重新粉刷。

(also: [here it is/here they are](bold) )

used when you are giving something to someone, or showing something to them

给你〔用于把某物给某人或向某人展示时〕

Here are some pictures of John when he was little.

这里有一些约翰小时候的照片。

used when you have found something you were looking for

在这儿〔用于找到某物时〕

你看见我的钢笔了吗？哦，在这儿呢。

used when you are giving or offering something to someone

给你〔用于给别人东西时〕

Here, have my chair. I don’t mind standing.

来，坐我的椅子吧。我可以站着。

给你〔用于把某物给某人时〕

‘Here you go.’ Callum handed her a glass of orange juice.

“给你。”卡勒姆递给她一杯橙汁。

说到这里我要加一句忠告。

There is no space to discuss this issue here.

在这里没有讨论这一问题的篇幅。

在这一点上我不明白你的意思。

used when you are going to try to do something difficult or dangerous, and you do not know what will happen

这就开始！现在就试试看！〔用于做困难或危险的事时〕

I’ve never ridden a motorbike before, so here goes!

我以前从未骑过摩托车，现在就试试看吧！

used when you are starting to do something or when something is starting to happen

好了，开始了，比赛这就开始。

used when you are going to drink something to wish someone good luck, show your respect for them etc

used to say that someone or something has arrived

他/她等[某人/某事物]来了

他们来了，照例又迟到了。

used when you have finally arrived somewhere you were travelling to

used when you can see something or someone arriving

used to get someone’s attention or to show that you are annoyed

喂〔用来引起别人注意或表示不高兴〕

Here! Just what do you think you’re doing?

喂！你以为你这是在干什么？

used when something unpleasant is beginning to happen again

Most of us are peaceful and decent, but here we go again, in our fifth war of this century.

我们中的大多数人爱好和平、品行端正，但是我们又一次陷入战争，这已经是本世纪的第五次战争了。

if something is here to stay, it has become a part of life and will continue to be so

〔某物〕已经成为生活中的一部分

Mobile phones are definitely here to stay.

手机绝对是生活中必不可少的。

到处，各处；在许多不同的地方

I spent the weekend driving the kids here, there, and everywhere.

我周末开车带着孩子们四处跑。

‘You never liked him much, did you?‘ ’What I think about him is neither here nor there. He’s your friend.’

“你从来都不太喜欢他，是不是？”“我对他的看法无关紧要。他是你的朋友。”

To be able to live fully in the here and now, one must first learn how to honour the past.

一个人如果要完完整整地活在当下，首先必须学会尊重过去。

used to say what someone or something’s duty or purpose is

某人/某事物的职责[用途]就是做某事

我们的职责就是为你服务。

used to describe the present situation, especially one you did not expect to happen


hereditary

a quality or illness that is hereditary is passed from a parent to a child before the child is born

a hereditary position, rank, or title can be passed from an older to a younger person in the same family, usually when the older one dies

〔地位、头衔或称号〕世袭的


heritage

the traditional beliefs, values, customs etc of a family, country, or society

the importance of preserving the national heritage

beautiful old buildings which are part of our heritage

属于我们遗产一部分的漂亮古建筑

There are identity issues for mixed heritage children.

父母来自不同种族，孩子的种族身份归属是个问题。


heritage

[adj](bold) ([BrE](special)) <[only before noun](bold)>

a heritage vegetable or plant is one of a kind that was first grown many years ago, and has now become rare or unusual

〔蔬菜或植物〕珍稀的，不常见的

We grow heritage varieties of vegetables.


hero

The real heroes were the guys who fought in the front lines.

He finally got to meet his great hero, the Brazilian footballer, Pele.

They regard Aung San as a national hero and martyr.

Richards was a local hero, a star of the football club.

Ross was an arctic explorer and popular hero.

(=someone who a particular group of people admire)

(=a soldier who was very brave in a war)

Coming home, he was hailed as a war hero.

(=someone whose bravery or effort is not noticed or recognized)

These volunteers are the unsung heroes of the campaign.

(=someone who you did not expect to be brave or did not expect to admire )

Baxter was the unlikely hero of the game.

(=an ordinary person who does something brave and becomes a hero in a particular place)

Cesar Chavez has folk hero status in the Latino community.

He became an accidental hero after discovering the injured child while out walking.

(=someone who has defeated someone else)

Team members were greeted like conquering heroes on their return.

(=someone who was your hero when you were a boy/child)

McEnroe had been one of his boyhood heroes.

He became a national hero for his part in the war.

He was hailed a hero after saving the young girl’s life.

(=be treated as a hero when you arrive somewhere)

The team were given a hero’s welcome when they returned to the city.

a man who is admired for doing something extremely brave

He had dared to speak out against injustice, and overnight he became a [national hero](bold).

他敢于站出来抨击不公正的现象，一夜之间就成了国家英雄。

His father was a [war hero](bold), a former fighter pilot.

他父亲是一位战争英雄，曾经是战斗机飞行员。

the [unsung heroes](bold) who drove convoys of aid to Bosnia

运载援助物品到波斯尼亚的那些无名英雄

一位第一次世界大战的英雄

A man [hailed as a hero](bold) for 50 years has been unmasked as a traitor.

50年来一直被誉为英雄的人被揭发为叛徒。

the man or boy who is the main character in a book, film, play etc

Phileas Fogg, hero of Jules Verne’s ‘Around the World in Eighty Days’

斐利斯•福格，儒勒•凡尔纳《八十天环游地球》的男主人公

a man who is admired very much for a particular skill or quality

When I was small, Uncle Fred was my hero.

我小时候，弗雷德叔叔是我的偶像。

Einstein is the hero of those who explore science at its deepest level.

爱因斯坦是探索科学最深层秘密的人心目中的偶像。

a long thin sandwich filled with meat, cheese etc

〔夹有肉、奶酪等的〕长面包三明治，潜艇三明治

used to say that someone goes from being very successful or admired to being very unsuccessful or unpopular

从巅峰到低谷；从受人爱戴到被人唾弃


heroic

extremely brave or determined, and admired by many people

her [heroic efforts](bold) to save her family

Lawrence’s [heroic struggle](bold) against his destiny

She portrayed him as a [heroic figure](bold).

a heroic story, poem etc has a hero in it, usually from ancient legends

（关于）英雄的〔一般为古代传说中的英雄〕


heroine

a woman who is admired for doing something extremely brave

法国抵抗运动的一位女英雄

the woman or girl who is the main character in a book, film, play etc

Mira, the fictional heroine of ‘The Women’s Room’

米拉，小说《醒来的女性》的女主人公

a woman who is admired very much for a particular skill or quality


hers

[pron](bold) <[possessive form of ‘she’](bold)>

used to refer to something that belongs to or is connected with a woman, girl, or female animal that has already been mentioned

These are my gloves. Hers are in the drawer.

这是我的手套，她的在抽屉里。


herself

[pron](bold) <[reflexive form of ‘she’](bold)>

used to show that the woman or girl who does something is affected by her own action

used to emphasize that you are talking about one particular woman or girl

It must be true that she’s leaving because she told me so herself.

她的确是要走了，因为这是她亲口对我说的。

The ornate Town Hall was opened by Queen Victoria herself.

华丽的市政厅是维多利亚女王亲自揭幕的。

used after ‘like’, ‘as’, or ‘except’ instead of ‘her’

She met other mothers in the same situation as herself.

她碰到和她处于同样境况的母亲们。

The little girl wrote the letter all by herself.

这个小女孩自己一个人写了这封信。

if a woman or girl is not herself, she does not feel or behave as she usually does, for example because she is upset or ill

〔因心情不好、身体欠佳等〕感觉不妥，行为反常

You must forgive her – she’s not herself at present.

你一定要原谅她——她目前情绪反常。

if a woman or girl has something to herself, she does not have to share it with anyone else

某事物归她独自享用［拥有］

Alice had the house to herself while her parents were away.

父母不在的时候，这房子就归艾丽斯独住。


hesitate

to pause before saying or doing something because you are nervous or not sure

Kay hesitated for a moment and then said ‘yes’.

凯迟疑了片刻，然后说“是的”。

He was still hesitating over whether to leave or not.

used to tell someone that it is correct or right for them to do something and they do not have to worry about offending anyone

Don’t hesitate to contact me if you need any more information.

如果你需要更多资料，尽管和我联系。


hesitation

ˌhezɪˈteɪʃən

ˌhezɪˈteɪʃən

After some hesitation one of them began to speak.

犹豫了一会儿之后，他们中有一个人开口了。

I would have no hesitation in recommending Philip for the position.

我非常愿意推荐菲利普担任这一职务。

[a slight/brief/momentary etc hesitation](bold)

There was a slight hesitation in Jamie’s voice.

杰米的话音里有一丝犹豫。


heterosexual

sexually attracted to people of the opposite sex


hey

a shout used to get someone’s attention or to show surprise, interest, or annoyance

嘿，喂〔用来引起注意或表示惊讶、兴趣或恼怒的喊声〕

said when you do not think something is important

但是，咳〔表示认为某事无关紧要〕

I would have liked to go, but hey, it's no big deal.

我本想去的，不过，咳，也没什么大不了。


hi

[Hi there](bold)! I haven’t seen you for ages.


hidden

Some areas can hold hidden dangers for dogs.

一些区域可能对狗有隐伏的危险。

Be on the lookout for hidden costs in hotel bills.

小心酒店账单中有隐性收费。

He wants each pupil to have the chance to discover [hidden talents](bold).

他希望每个学生都有机会发现自己的潜能。

the secret purpose behind a plan or activity that you do not tell other people about – used to show disapproval

隐秘的动机，不可告人的目的〔含贬义〕

Voters suspected a hidden political agenda.

选民怀疑背后有暗藏的政治目的。

Was there a hidden agenda behind this decision?

这一决定的背后有没有什么不可告人的目的？


hide

[hide your light under a bushel](bold) at → [bushel](->bushel)

to make something difficult to see or find, or to not show your true feelings

The actress put up a hand to hide her face from the cameras.

to hide something, especially by carefully putting it somewhere. Also used when talking about hiding your feelings, especially in negative sentences

Several kilos of drugs were concealed in the back of the truck.

He could not conceal his feelings any longer.

The girl quickly concealed the photograph she had been gazing at.

to put something over another thing that you do not want people to see, in order to hide it completely

People cover up cracks with wallpaper or tiles.

I used some make-up to cover up the spots.

She was wearing a thin shawl to cover up the bruises on her arm.

to make someone or something seem like a different person or thing, so that other people cannot recognize them

She managed to get into the camp by disguising herself as a soldier.

The men had disguised the vessel as fishing boat.

to hide something by covering it with materials that make it look like the things around it

We camouflaged the plane by covering it with leaves.

The troops used charcoal to camouflage their faces.

Soldiers had camouflaged the trucks with branches and dirt.

to make it difficult to see something clearly

His body was found, partially obscured by bushes, at the bottom of a shallow canyon.

to make something less noticeable, for example a taste, a smell, a sound, or a feeling

The lemon helps to mask the taste of the fish.

Helen had turned on the radio to mask the noise of the traffic.

[past tense](italic) [hid](bold) /hɪd/ [past participle](italic) [hidden](bold) /ˈhɪdn/

to deliberately put or keep something or someone in a place where they cannot easily be seen or found

Marcia hid the pictures in her desk drawer.

马西娅把照片藏在她书桌的抽屉里。

She [keeps](bold) a bottle of gin [hidden](bold) behind a stack of books.

她在一堆书的后面藏了一瓶金酒。

He was accused of trying to hide evidence from the police.

他被控试图对警方隐瞒证据。

to cover something so that it cannot be seen clearly

The church roof was half hidden by trees.

乱糟糟的头发遮住了她的脸。

to go or stay in a place where no one will see or find you

快，他来了！我们最好躲起来。

Weiss spent two years hiding from the Nazis.

韦斯躲藏了两年逃避纳粹的追捕。

to keep someone in a place where other people will not find them

The old woman hid him in her cellar for three days.

那个老妇人把他藏在地窖里三天。

We’ll have to hide him from the soldiers.

我们得把他藏起来，不让士兵找到。

to keep your real feelings, plans, or the truth secret, so that they cannot be known by other people

掩盖〔真实感情〕；隐瞒〔计划、真相等〕

[hide your disappointment/embarrassment/confusion etc](bold)

她笑了笑以掩饰自己的紧张。

He took off his ring to [hide the fact](bold) that he was married.

他摘下戒指，想隐瞒自己已婚的事实。

He told the jury that he is innocent and has nothing to hide.

他告诉陪审团自己是清白的，没什么要隐瞒。


hide

a place from which you can watch animals or birds without being seen by them

〔可观察鸟兽行动的〕隐匿处，埋伏处

an animal’s skin, especially when it has been removed to be used for leather

〔尤指已剥取用于制皮革的〕兽皮

to punish someone severely – used humorously

剥了某人的皮〔指严厉惩罚某人，幽默用法〕

used to talk about someone when they are in a difficult situation

He would say anything in court to try and [save](bold) his own [hide](bold)(=save himself).

为了保全自己，在法庭上他什么话都会说。

to not see someone anywhere for a fairly long time

I haven’t seen hide nor hair of him for ages.

我已经好久没有见过他了。


hierarchical

haɪˈrɑːkɪkəl

if a system, organization etc is hierarchical, people or things are divided into levels of importance

按等级划分的；等级制度的


hierarchy

a system of organization in which people or things are divided into levels of importance

She worked her way up through the corporate hierarchy to become president.

她在公司一步一步升到了总裁的位置。

the most important and powerful members of an organization

〔组织中的〕最高层，统治集团


high

→ [highly](->highly) [stink to high heaven](bold) at → [stink](->stink) 1 sense 1

measuring a long distance from the bottom to the top – used about mountains, walls, and buildings

The castle was surrounded by high walls.

The council told the architects the tower was too high.

high – used about people, trees, plants, and buildings. [Tall](bold) is used especially about things that are high and narrow

very impressive because of being very big and tall – used about mountains, buildings, trees, and animals

The abbey is noted for its majestic arches, fine doorways and elegant windows.

The cathedral looked majestic in the evening light.

used about a building or mountain that looks extremely tall and impressive

extremely high, in a way that seems impressive but also often rather frightening

The sky was shut out by the towering walls of the prison.

very high and impressive – used in literature

a high-rise building is a tall modern building with a lot of floors containing apartments or offices

He works in a high-rise office in New York.

the high-pitched whine of a dentist's drill

extremely high and loud, in a way that is unpleasant

making very high noises that are not loud

[comparative](italic) [higher](bold) [superlative](italic) [highest](bold)

measuring a long distance from the bottom to the top

The camp was surrounded by a high fence.

营地四周围着高高的栅栏。

[chest/waist/knee etc high](bold)(=as high as your chest etc)

→ Do not use [high](bold) to describe people, animals, trees, and plants. Use [tall](bold)[You’re getting very tall (NOT You’re getting very high).](italic)[a tall palm tree (NOT a high palm tree)](italic)

in a position that is a long way, or a longer way than usual, above the ground, floor etc

The apartment had spacious rooms with high ceilings.

那间公寓房间宽敞，屋顶很高。

[High up](bold) among the clouds, we saw the summit of Everest.

a high amount, number, or level is large, or larger than usual

〔数量、数字、水平〕高的，超乎寻常的

→see THESAURUS at [expensive](->expensive)

Temperatures remained high for the rest of the week.

那一周余下的几天里气温仍然很高。

Lower-paid workers often cannot afford the high cost of living in the capital.

收入较低的工人往往承受不了首都的高昂生活费用。

[high level/degree/rate etc (of sth)](bold)

High levels of car use mean our streets are more congested than ever.

汽车的大量使用意味着我们的街道变得比以前更拥挤。

If you want better public services, you’ll have to pay higher taxes – it’s as simple as that.

想要有更好的公共服务，就要支付更高的税金——道理就是这么简单。

The train was approaching [at high speed](bold).

[high proportion/percentage etc (of sth)](bold)(=a very large part of a number)

A high proportion of women with children under five work full-time.

很大一部分孩子不足五岁的妇女在做全职工作。

a high standard, quality etc is very good

〔水准、质量等〕高的，好的

a range of high-quality goods at low prices

Our aim is to provide the highest quality service to all our customers.

我们的目标就是为所有顾客提供最优质的服务。

[high standard](bold)(=very good levels of work, achievement, behaviour etc)

The general standard of the entries was very high.

参赛作品的总体水准非常高。

Our guests expect us to [maintain high standards](bold).

我们的客人期望我们保持高水准。

containing a lot of a particular substance or quality

Choose foods that are high in fiber and low in calories.

要选择高纤维低热量的食品。

[a high sugar/salt/fibre etc content](bold)

Red meat tends to have a high fat content.

having an important position in society or within an organization

〔在社会或机构中〕职位高的，高级的，重要的

[high up](bold)(=in a powerful position)

中央情报局的某位高层官员

[high office](bold)(=an important position)

Both of them [held high office](bold) in the Anglican Church.

他们两人都位居圣公会高层。

[high society](bold)(=rich people of the highest social class)

→ [high-class](->high-class) → [high-ranking](->high-ranking) → [high-up](->high-up) [friends in high places](bold) at → [friend](->friend) 1 sense 12

We can offer all the benefits of the latest [high technology](bold).

我们可以提供最新尖端技术的益处。

[the higher animals/mammals/organisms etc](bold)(=animals etc that are more intelligent or advanced than others)

strong approval of someone or something, or an expression of strong approval

I’ve always [had a high opinion of](bold) her work.

我对她的工作一直评价很高。

[hold sb/sth in high esteem/regard](bold)(=respect them very much)

As an educationalist, he was held in very high esteem.

作为一名教育家，他受到人们的高度尊敬。

Romsey [earned high praise](bold) from his boss.

罗姆西赢得了老板的高度赞扬。

(also: [high on the list/agenda](bold) )

important and needing to be done or dealt with quickly

被列为重要[优先处理]事项

Most people feel that education needs to be given higher priority.

大多数人认为教育应该是当务之急。

军备控制排在议程表的前列。

when someone hopes or expects that something will be very good or successful

My expectations of the place were never very high, but I didn’t think it would be this bad.

我对此处从未抱太高期望，不过也没想到会这么糟糕。

Like many young actors, I had high hopes when I first started out.

如许多青年演员一样，我刚开始的时候也抱有很高期望。

near or above the top of the range of sounds that humans can hear

I always had difficulty reaching the high notes (=when singing).

an especially good part of an activity or event

〔活动或事情的〕高潮，最精彩部分

The visit to the ancient capital city was one of the high points of the tour.

参观古都是这次旅游中最精彩的内容之一。

an area of land that is higher than the area surrounding it

Villagers herded the livestock to high ground to keep them safe during the floods.

洪水期间，村民们把牲畜赶到高地上以确保它们的安全。

a better, more moral, or more powerful position in an argument or competition

〔辩论或比赛中的〕优势，有利条件

Neither side in this conflict can claim the [moral high ground](bold).

此次冲突双方都占不住道德高地。

feelings of happiness and energy, especially when you are having fun

It was a bright sunny day and we set off [in high spirits](bold).

那天阳光明媚，我们兴高采烈地出发了。

I don’t think they intended any harm – it was just high spirits.

我认为他们没有恶意——他们只是太兴奋了。

我依然沉浸在掌声带来的兴奋中。

behaving in a strange and excited way as the result of taking drugs

[get high](bold)(=take a drug to make yourself high)

Steve was as [high as a kite](bold)(=strongly affected by drugs or alcohol).

used to say that something should be done now

the middle or the most important part of a particular period of time

[high noon](bold)(=12 o'clock in the middle of the day)

a situation in which people are told to be ready because there is a strong possibility of an attack or of something dangerous happening

部队奉命处于高度戒备状态。

the enjoyable life that rich and fashionable people have

〔富人及时尚人士的〕奢华生活

We’re all stuck here, while he’s off living the high life in New York.

我们都困在这里，他却远在纽约过着奢华的生活。

充满戏剧性的事件/极刺激的历险

end/finish/begin etc (sth) on a high note

to end, finish something etc in a successful way

圆满结束/完美收官/成功开始（某事）

The team finished their tour on a high note in Barbados.

该队的巡回赛在巴巴多斯画上了圆满的句号。

ideas about personal behaviour based on the belief that people should always behave in an honest and morally good way

高尚[崇高]的原则/理想

talking or behaving as if you think you are better or more important than other people

to give your opinion about something in a way that shows you think you are definitely right and that other people are wrong

If she’d get down off her high horse for a moment, she might realize there’s more than one point of view here.

如果她不这么自以为是的话，她可能会意识到别人对这个问题有其他看法。

cheese, meat etc that is high is not fresh and has a strong smell or taste

〔奶酪、肉类等〕不新鲜的，馊臭的

in an angry or offended way – often used humorously

愤然地，怒气冲冲〔常为幽默用法〕

a very formal style of language, especially used in literature

a form of a language used for formal purposes that is often different from the ordinary form used by most people


high

[hold your head high](bold) at → [hold](->hold) 1 sense 16 [live high on the hog](bold) at → [live](->live) 1 sense 26 [be riding high](bold) at → [ride](->ride) 1 sense 6 [run high](bold) at → [run](->run) 1 sense 28

at or to a level high above the ground, the floor etc

〔离地面〕高高地；在[向]高处

He kicked the ball high into the air, over the heads of the crowd.

他把球高高地踢向空中，越过了人群。

Hotel Miramar is situated high above the bay.

米拉马尔酒店高高地坐落在海湾之上。

A ski lift whisks you high into the mountains.

滑雪缆车会把你迅速送到高高的山上。

〔价值、成本、数量等〕在高位，向上

If prices shoot up any higher, no one will be able to afford to live in the area.

如果物价继续上涨，这一地区就没人住得起了。

Tom scored higher than anyone else in the class.

A strange cry [rang high](bold) into the night.

at or to a high rank or level of achievement, especially within a company

处于[向]高的地位[成就]

It seems that the higher you rise, the less time you have to actually do your job.

似乎职位越高，参与实际工作的时间越少。

My parents always encouraged me to [aim high](bold).

我父母一直鼓励我要志存高远。

if someone is left high and dry, they are left without any help or without the things that they need

（使某人）孤立无援，陷入困境

if a boat, area etc is left high and dry, it is left on land because the water that surrounded it has gone down

（使）搁浅；（使）高出水面

The once-thriving port of Rye was left high and dry as sea levels retreated.

一度繁荣的拉伊港由于海平面下降变成了旱港。

to try to find someone or something by looking everywhere

We looked high and low for Sandy but couldn’t find her.

我们到处寻找桑迪，但找不到她。


high

the highest price, number, temperature etc that has ever been recorded, or that has been recorded within a particular period of time

〔价格、数字、温度等的〕最高点，最高水平

Highs of 40°C were recorded in the region last summer.

去年夏天该地区记录到的最高温度达40摄氏度。

The price of oil [reached a new high](bold) this week.

本周的石油价格创出了新高。

a feeling of great happiness or excitement

They’re bound to [be on a high](bold) after such an incredible victory.

获得如此巨大的胜利他们肯定会兴奋不已。

the emotional [highs and lows](bold) of a new romance

新恋情带来的情感跌宕起伏

a feeling of pleasure or excitement produced by some drugs

an area of high pressure that affects the weather

a short form of high school, used in the name of a school

from someone in a position of authority – used humorously

来自上级，来自高层〔幽默用法〕

at a high temperature as measured by an electric oven etc

用微波炉的高火加热八分钟。


high-level

in a powerful position or job, or involving people who are in powerful positions or jobs

高层的，由高层人士进行[组成]的

The virus has shown high-level resistance to penicillin.

该病毒对青霉素表现出很强的抗药性。

involving very technical or complicated ideas

a high-level computer language is similar to human language rather than machine language


highlight

to make a problem or subject easy to notice so that people pay attention to it

→see THESAURUS at [emphasize](->emphasize)

Your résumé should highlight your skills and achievements.

你的简历应该突出自己的技能和成绩。

to mark written words with a special coloured pen, or in a different colour on a computer

〔用彩笔〕标出；〔在计算机上用不同颜色〕突出显示

Use the cursor to highlight the name of the document you want to print.

用光标将你要打印的文件的名称标出来。

to make some parts of your hair a lighter colour than the rest

将〔部分头发〕染成浅色，挑染


highlight

the most important, interesting, or enjoyable part of something such as a holiday, performance, or sports competition

最突出[精彩]的部分[场面]

That weekend in Venice was definitely the highlight of our trip.

在威尼斯度过的那个周末无疑是我们这次旅行最精彩的部分。

At 11.30 we’ll be showing highlights from the third round of the FA Cup.

11点30分我们将播放足总杯第三轮比赛的精彩片段。

areas of hair that have been made a lighter colour than the rest

a light bright area on a painting or photograph

〔绘画、照片上的〕强光部分，明亮部分


highly

Tom’s mother was highly critical of the school’s approach.

汤姆的母亲对学校的处理方法持强烈的批评态度。

It’s highly unlikely that the project will be finished on time.

这一项目很可能无法按时完工。

T.S. Eliot’s highly influential poem, ‘The Waste Land’

T.S.艾略特极有影响力的诗作《荒原》

她是个受过高水平教育的女人。

紧张不安的，容易激动的，神经质的

if you think highly of someone or something, you think they are very good and you admire them

〔对某人或某事物〕非常赞许地，极为称赞地

I’ve always thought very highly of Michael.

我对迈克尔的评价一直很高。


high school

→ [secondary school](->secondary school)

a school in the US and Canada for children of 14 or 15 to 18 years old

〔美国和加拿大14或15至18岁学生就读的〕高中

used in the names of some schools in Britain for children from 11 to 18 years old

〔英国11至18岁学生就读的〕中学〔用于校名中〕


high-speed

a situation when the police drive very fast to try to catch someone in a car

〔警匪双方的〕高速（汽车）追逐


high-tech

→see THESAURUS at [advanced](->advanced)   →see THESAURUS at [modern](->modern)

价值100万英镑的高技术保安系统

high-tech furniture, designs etc are made in a very modern style

〔家具、设计等〕现代风格的，摩登的


highway

a wide main road that joins one town to another

→ [freeway](->freeway) → [expressway](->expressway) → [motorway](->motorway)

a road or roads that the public has the right to use

a situation in which something costs you a lot more than it should

It’s highway robbery, charging that much for gas!

这简直就是抢钱，汽油竟然要这么贵！


hijack

to use violence or threats to take control of a plane, vehicle, or ship

The airliner was hijacked by a group of terrorists.

该航班被一帮恐怖分子劫持。

to take control of something and use it for your own purposes

Some people think the party has been hijacked by right-wing extremists.

有人认为该党已经被右翼极端分子所把持。


hike

a long walk in the mountains or countryside

〔在山区或乡间的〕徒步旅行，远足

a large increase in prices, wages, taxes etc

〔价格、工资、税款等的〕大幅度上升

The president has proposed a hike in the minimum wage.

总统提议大幅度提升最低工资。

Several airlines have proposed fare hikes, effective October 1.

有几家航空公司已打算大幅提高机票价格，自10月1日起实施。


hike

to take a long walk in the mountains or countryside

（在 …）徒步旅行，远足

His dream is to hike the Appalachian Trail.

他的梦想是在阿巴拉契亚山道上徒步旅行。

to increase a price, tax etc by a large amount

大幅度提高〔价格、税款等〕


hiking

the activity of taking long walks in the mountains or country

We’re going to do some hiking this summer.

Utah is a great place to [go hiking](bold).

犹他州是徒步旅行的绝好去处。


hilarious

[Hilarious](bold)  is not used with ‘very’. You say: The film was absolutely hilarious.
Don’t say: [The film was very hilarious.](strike)


hill

She pushed her bicycle up the steep hill.

He loved the green rolling hills of Dorset.

The bus started going up the long hill into town.

She climbed the hill out of the village.

It's best to use a low gear when you are going down steep hills.

The view from the top of the hill was beautiful.

A tank appeared over the brow of the hill.

(=a rural area where there are a lot of hills)

the rough hill country on the Welsh border

an area of land that is higher than the land around it, like a mountain but smaller

Their house is on a hill overlooking the sea.

他们的房子建在可以俯视大海的小山上。

→ [downhill](->downhill) 1 → [uphill](->uphill) 1

no longer young, and therefore no longer attractive or good at doing things

Kathleen thinks she’s over the hill, but she’s only 32.

凯瑟琳觉得自己已经老了，可是她才32岁。


hilly

[comparative](italic) [hillier](bold) [superlative](italic) [hilliest](bold)


him

[pron](bold) <[object form of ‘he’](bold)>

used to refer to a man, boy, or male animal that has already been mentioned or is already known about

他把她告诉他的话重复了一遍。

I knew it was him as soon as I heard his voice.

used when talking about someone who may be male or female. Some people think this use is old-fashioned

人，他〔泛指男性或女性，有人认为这种用法过时〕

If you can convince a child you love him, you can teach him anything.

如果你能让一个孩子相信你爱他，你就可以教他任何东西。


himself

[pron](bold) <[reflexive form of ‘he’](bold)>

used to show that the man or boy who does something is affected by his own action

In despair, the young boy had hanged himself.

His name is James but he calls himself Jim.

他的名字叫詹姆斯，但他称自己为吉姆。

He poured himself a glass of orange juice.

used after words such as ‘everyone’, ‘anyone’, and ‘someone’ to talk about people in general being affected by their own actions

Everyone should learn to respect himself.

used to emphasize that you are talking about one particular man or boy

他自己，他本人〔用于强调〕

It was the president himself who opened the door.

这肯定是真的，是他亲口说的。

used after ‘like’, ‘as’, or ‘except’ instead of ‘him’

The other passengers were all refugees like himself.

其他乘客和他一样都是难民。

He’s lived by himself since his wife died.

自从妻子死后他一直独居。

It was the first time he felt he had achieved something by himself.

这是他第一次感觉到自己独力干出了一些成绩。

if a man or boy is not himself, he does not feel or behave as he usually does, for example because he is upset or ill

〔因心情不好、身体欠佳等〕感觉不妥，行为反常

if a man or boy has something to himself, he does not have to share it with anyone else

某事物归他独自享用[拥有]

John at last had a bedroom all to himself.

约翰终于自己有了一间卧室。


hinder

to make it difficult for something to develop or succeed

由于受伤，他的事业受到了阻碍。

policies that will hinder rather than help families

→ Do not confuse with [prevent](bold) (=to make it impossible for someone to do something)[His poor health prevented him from going to work (NOT His poor health hindered him from going to work).](italic)

In everyday English, people often say something [gets in the way of](bold)  something rather than [hinders](bold)  it:

This could [get in the way of](bold) rescue attempts.

Poor English [got in the way of](bold) his progress.